EP1020591B1 - Parking system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a parking system for motor vehicles with several side by side and arranged on several levels one above the other in a frame Parking spaces for independent parking, the above the lowest floor parking spaces are raised and lowered, and the located below the top floor parking spaces horizontally in the transverse direction are displaceable to form a gap.

Such parking systems allow the inclusion of numerous vehicles small footprint and do not need a pit. The pitches are in the generally formed by pallets, roughly in the form of platforms, each according to their position in the frame vertically movable and / or horizontally displaceable are.

For a better understanding, reference is made below to FIG 1 briefly explains the operating principle: It can be seen in FIG Frame - starting at the top left - initially three stacked Pitches 1, 2 and 3 are arranged that right next to three also superimposed pitches 4, 5 and 6 follow and that finally only one upper parking space 7 at the right end of the rack is present while the underlying parking spaces are missing.

If, for example, a vehicle from parking space 1 is switched on or off become the pitches of the two floors below, So the pitches 2, 3, 5 and 6 moved to the right, so that the in the drawing below the steep slope 7 closes gap and for under the parking space 1 a gap is free. The parking space 1 can then lowered to the ground level and loaded or unloaded.

If instead a vehicle from pitch 4 should be switched on or off, so need only the two parking spaces underneath 5 and 6 to move to the right so that under the pitch 4 the desired Gap forms and allows the lowering of the pitch 4.

If a parking space from the middle floor, for example, the parking space 2 loading or unloading, so the gap needs only in the below lying floor are generated by the pitches 3 and 6 to the right be moved.

So that the pitches the necessary lifting and shifting movements All those pitches that are below must be able to perform the upper floor, so the pitches 2, 3, 5 and 6 each with horizontal displacement drives must be connected and also The above the lowest floor located parking spaces each with a Be connected lifting device. That is, all between lower and upper floor parking spaces both a linear actuator as well need a displacement drive. This is already made clear that the parking system described requires a large number of drive units and this applies a fortiori, if one imagines that the one shown in FIG Parking system extended to the side and / or upwards or increased is.

By GB-A-2 224 017 is already a parking system for motor vehicles with several side by side and in several floors one above the other in a rack arranged parking spaces for independent parking, with a Most of the pitches raised and lowered and also horizontally in the transverse direction is displaceable to form a gap. These are both in the underfloor area as well as lying in the overground parking spaces each with a Hubantrieb connected. The stacked parking spaces are in a frame out, in turn, each a drive to the procedure in Transverse direction has.

On this basis, the object of the present invention is that described Park system to improve the effort for the Drive units is significantly reduced.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 12 solved, so by the fact that superimposed parking spaces to carry out their sliding or lifting movement either with bottom or top neighboring pitches are verkuppelbar.

So if, for example, the pitch 1 are moved down, so the pitches 2 and 3 are verkuppelt each other and alike also the pitches 5 and 6 verkuppelt each other. You then need no longer own displacement drives for each floor, but only Displacement drives for one of the floors, because of the other Floor located parking space by its coupling automatically mitverschoben becomes. This savings will be even greater if the parking system For example, has 4 or 5 floors, because in this case, the displacement drives sufficient in a single floor.

Alternatively or additionally, however, the invention also offers the possibility to reduce the number of linear actuators by taking care of all one above the other Pitches only a single lifting drive is used and If necessary, the vertical places to be moved with this lifting drive be verkuppelt. This can directly depending on the design of the linear actuator take place, for example, when the lifting drive extends over several floors. However, if the lifting drive is poorly accessible in the individual floors, then so It is advisable to use it only at one of the lower floors Pitches attack and the above or below Pitches then verkuppeln with this space.

Referring to Figure 1, this means that the lifting drive, for example, only at the top parking space 1 attacks and the underlying parking space. 2 can be optionally coupled to the parking space 1. Are more floors As provided in Figure 1, of course, all pitches have the Intermediate floors provided with corresponding coupling devices be so that they are brought into operative connection with the lifting drive can. In this way you need for all vertically stacked Pitches only a single lifting drive, indifferent to how many floors are there.

For the structural design of Verkuppelns offer the Professional numerous possibilities, such as through a clamp connection or by positive engagement of coupling members, wherein the the latter solution is preferable for safety reasons. The trigger The coupling process can be electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic or otherwise.

The coupling for the joint displacement of several parking spaces in Transverse direction is advantageously carried out by vertical projections on a Pitch are arranged and in corresponding recesses of the vertical adjacent parking space can be inserted. This can optionally vertically adjacent parking spaces are interconnected, so that only one of them requires a drive for horizontal displacement.

As far as the pitches should perform a common lifting movement, the coupling is expediently hooked together, in the vertical direction resilient coupling links. It is particularly favorable if the one coupling member as in the transverse direction, ie in the direction of displacement running hollow profile is formed, the vertically adjacent Pitch is slotted, such that through the slot through the Engage coupling member of the adjacent parking space in the hollow section can. This solution has the advantage that the coupling in the vertical direction compatible with the desired displaceability in the horizontal direction is. One only has to make sure that the two vertically adjacent Pitches are not under tension, that is, that the in the intermediate floor located parking space not at the top parking space depends, but from the parking space of the lowest floor or otherwise worn becomes.

Then there is between the hollow profile and the plug-in coupling member Air and it is a relative shift between two parking spaces in the transverse direction possible.

So that defined conditions exist with regard to this transverse displacement, It is recommended that the top floor spaces each with a To provide lifting drive and to control this lifting drive so that he not only the existing floors - in the exemplary embodiment 3 floors - but that he can get the parking space from the top floor, where he carries the parking space under it, a few inches can lower down so that carried by him parking space the pitch of the lower floor is seated and in said hollow section no more vertical traction is transferred. The parking space of the middle Floor is then positively connected to the bottom floor and can be moved together with him horizontally, since he is off the pitch the top floor is decoupled.

The drive for horizontal displacement is appropriate to each of the Plots of the lowest floor arranged.

The lifting drive preferably consists of a hydraulic cylinder to the Doubling the stroke generated by him in a U-shaped Zugmittelschlaufe attacks, one end of which is locked, while the other End directly or indirectly at the four corners of the assigned parking space, that means in the present case on the top parking space, attacks.

Figur 1 ein Schrägbild einer Parkvorrichtung mit sieben Stellplätzen;

Figur 2 eine vergrößerte Seitenansicht der Parkvorrichtung;

Figur 3 eine Ausschnittvergrößerung aus Figur 2 am Übergang vom oberen zum mittleren Stellplatz bei abgesenktem mittleren Stellplatz in Schrägansicht;

Figur 4 die gleiche Schrägansicht wie Figur 3, jedoch bei angehobener Position des oberen und mittleren Stellplatzes;

Figur 5 eine ähnliche Schrägansicht wie Figur 3 und 4, jedoch am Übergang zwischen mittlerem und unterem Stellplatz in angehobenem Zustand des letzteren;

Figur 6 das gleiche Prinzip bei einem Unterflur- Parksystem in einer Seitenansicht;

Figur 7 das gleiche Prinzip bei kombinierten Überflur- und Unterflur-Stellplätzen in Einfahrtrichtung gesehen und

Figur 8 eine Ansicht entsprechend Figur 3, jedoch in einer verbesserten Variante.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing; shows

Figure 1 is an oblique view of a parking device with seven parking spaces;

Figure 2 is an enlarged side view of the parking device;

FIG. 3 shows a detail enlargement from FIG. 2 at the transition from the upper to the middle parking space with the middle parking space lowered in an oblique view;

Figure 4 is the same oblique view as Figure 3, but with the raised position of the upper and middle pitch;

Figure 5 is a similar perspective view as Figure 3 and 4, but at the transition between the middle and lower parking space in the raised state of the latter;

Figure 6 shows the same principle in a underfloor parking system in a side view;

Figure 7, the same principle seen in combined overhead and underfloor parking spaces in the entry direction and

Figure 8 is a view corresponding to Figure 3, but in an improved variant.

In Figure 1 can be seen parking spaces 1 to 7, in one on the ground standing frame G are arranged. The frame G has at the bottom, As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, a front running rail 8 and a rear running rail 9, on which the lower parking spaces 3 and 6 across are slidably mounted to the pitch longitudinal extent. The front Running rail 8 is covered in Figure 1 by a transfer plate, because of this Rail the entry and exit of the parking spaces. In addition, points the frame G has a plurality of vertical supports on top and bottom are interconnected by cross braces, so that a stable frame arises for the parking spaces. The vertical supports can also be used for Guide the pitches are used in their stroke movement.

The parking spaces of the upper floor 1, 4 and 7 are not horizontally displaceable, but only vertically movable. In addition, each of these spaces is on Lifting device connected. This lifting member consists of a hydraulic cylinder 10, which is arranged vertically and the piston rod 4 deflection turned 10a carries. These pulleys hang in U-shaped loops of four ropes 11 whose one end is mounted fixed to the frame, while the four other ends are laid on frame G via further deflection rollers, such that each end of the rope acts on one of the four corners of the parking space 7.

By the U-shaped rope loops, in which the pulleys 10 a of the Sitting hydraulic cylinder, generates the lifting movement of the hydraulic cylinder 10 a twice as large lifting movement of the parking space. 7

In the same way, the parking spaces 1 and 4 are on their own hydraulic cylinders suspended.

It is essential that the pitches 2 and 5 in the middle floor neither have their own lifting drive still own shift drive. With a displacement drive are only the two lower Pitches 3 and 6 equipped. Such a displacement drive 12 detects in Figure 2. He drives a wheel, the frictional or form-fitting with the rail 8 or 9 interacts and thus the individual transverse displacement the lower shelves 3 and 6 allowed.

It is also essential that the pitches 2 and 5 of the middle floor in the event that they should perform a lifting movement, respectively to their located above parking space 1 or 4 can be coupled and that in the event that they should perform a transverse shift, each coupled to the underlying parking spaces 3 and 6 respectively can be.

The coupling for the lifting movement is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. One sees there the upper platform 1, which at its underside in front and behind each carrying a transversely running hollow section 13. Both hollow profiles are slotted at their bottom and take one in their cavity mushroom-shaped projection 14, which via a vertical support 15 with the underlying parking space 2 is connected.

The mushroom-shaped projection 14 expediently consists of a roller whose vertical axis 14a with said support 15 height adjustable connected is. The size of this roller is chosen so that it in Vertilkalrichtung has a few centimeters of freedom of movement in the hollow section 13, while it only has a few millimeters of play in the radial direction.

In the position shown in Figure 3, the roller 14 is not at the bottom Edge of the hollow section 13, that is, that the parking space 2 is not is supported by the footprint 1, but on supports 16 of the lower Pitch 3 rests.

In this state, the parking space 2 can be moved transversely, while the parking space 1 remains in place.

In contrast, Figure 4 shows the state where the pitch 1 by his Linear actuator has been moved to a position that is a few centimeters higher is. As a result, the lower edges of the hollow section 13 come into contact on the rollers 14 and lift them along with the associated parking space 2 something on. In this state, the parking space 2 frictionally against a move carried in the transverse direction of the parking space 1.

Figure 5 shows the transition between the middle parking space 2 and the lower parking space 3. It can be seen here that the carrier 16 of the lower parking space at its upper end in each case an upwardly projecting projection 17 and that this projection 17 with a bore 18th of the parking space located above 2 corresponds.

The stroke position of the parking space 2 shown in Figure 5 thus corresponds the raised state and corresponds to the illustration in Figure 4. Bei this setting leads a horizontal process of the parking space 3 so not to take the pitch 2. Should the pitch 2 but also be moved, the parking space 1 is slightly lowered, accordingly the representation in Figure 3, so that the Steliplatz 2 on the carriers 16 of the parking space 3 is seated, the bore 18 on the conical Projection 17 is postponed, that is, the pitches 2 and 3 are positively connected to each other and therefore together in Transverse can be moved while the coupling between the parking spaces 1 and 2 is repealed.

So for example, a vehicle is parked from the pitch 4 be, then the Steliplatz 4 first down a few inches lowered - if he is not already in this position - so that the underlying parking space 5 form-fitting with the lower steep area 6 comes into engagement. Then leads the arranged on the pitch 6 Shift drive the transverse shift to the right, wherein automatically the pitch 5 is taken. This can be the pitch 4 drive completely down through its lifting drive.

In summary, the invention offers the advantage that one drives for the transverse displacement only needed for the parking spaces in the lower floors, that one drives for the lifting movement only for the pitches in the Upper floor needed and that the pitches in the middle floor at all do not need their own drive.

It should be noted that the present invention Of course, also applicable to parking systems with more than three floors is. If you work with the same coupling principle If you want, you only need additional space for the top floor Provide lifting positions, so that optionally only the underlying Pitch raised or the next step in the next step and in the next step also raised the überächstunterere pitch can be. From a certain number of floors it is likely Do not recommend pairing of superimposed parking spaces to bring about more by successively raising the parking spaces, but Each pitch has its own coupling element directly or indirectly connected to the lifting drive.

The following figures show the inventive principle in application in the underfloor area or combined underfloor and overhead corridor arrangement.

In the embodiment of Figure 6 can be seen an upper parking space 21, which is at the level of the entrance / exit and two below located parking spaces 22 and 23. In this case, the lifting drive 10 but attacks not on the top parking space as in the previous embodiments but at the parking space 23 of the lowest floor. Training the linear actuators 10 and the traction means course, however, can stay the same.

In addition, the drive 12 for horizontal displacement is not on the Pitches the lowest floor, but at the pitches 21 of the Arranged on / exit level.

The coupling of the parking spaces to carry out their shift or Lifting motion optionally with bottom or top adjacent parking spaces takes place in the same way as described above. So carry the pitches 21 on its underside the described hollow sections 13, in the transverse direction run the pitch and in which the mushroom-shaped projections 14 of the underlying pitch 22 are slidably mounted. In that regard, the same conditions exist as described in FIGS. 3 and 4. Also, the pitches 21 of the entry / exit level on rails 8 and 9 horizontally movable, according to the parking spaces 3 and 6 of the previous embodiment.

At the transition between the lowest pitch 23 and above located parking space 22 is either with the same hollow sections 13th and protrusions 14 worked or with a projection 17 which vertically in a hole 18 can be inserted to the pitch 22 stable on the lowest Pitch 23 to store.

If, for example, the parking space 23 is to be loaded or unloaded, then leaves Huborgang 10 this pitch - if necessary - a piece fall down, and to the extent that the frictional or positive Connection between parking spaces 22 and 23 is canceled and the parking space 22 alone of the profiles 13 of the top parking space 21st will be carried. This condition is shown in FIG. Thereafter proceeds the displacement drive 12 the parking space 21 and thus inevitably the space hanging thereon 22 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing for a or other side, depending on where the parking space gap is. Of course, this horizontal shift can also be on affect neighboring sites that are at the same level as the pitches 21 and 22. The sliding movement itself needs but only to make out the width of a parking space.

After completion of the sliding movement, the space above the parking space 23 free and the lifting drive can the pitch 23 in the Pull up the entry / exit level.

If between the slots 22 and 23 a positive engagement of the Tab 17 is used in the bore 18, this does not serve for Transmission of the horizontal displacement movement, but only for the better Fixation of the parking space 22, if this from the underlying Pitch 23 is worn.

If more parking spaces are to be arranged one above the other than in FIG 6, correspondingly more coupling members 13/14 are used Application, whereas the coupling members 17 and 18 only at the transition be used from the lowest to the next parking space. To this It is ensured that, depending on the position of the lifting drive 10 always those pitches that are above the to be loaded or unloaded Pitch are located, are suspended from the top parking space and together be pushed away with this. So it does not need a parking space higher than to be raised to the entry / exit level.

Figure 7 shows the application of the principle of the invention in combined Underfloor and overground parking systems. You can see eight here Pitches one above the other, arranged in three rows next to each other and numbered 31 to 54, while in the fourth Row only one aboveground parking space 55 and an underground parking space 56 is available to the desired gap for the transverse displacement to deliver.

All parking spaces on the top floor, so the pitches 31, 39, 47 and 55 are each connected to a lifting drive 10. The same applies to the pitches the lowest floor, so for the pitches 38, 46, 54 and 56. The Displacement drive is limited to the parking spaces of the entry / exit level, so on the pitches 34, 42 and 50. He could instead but Also, some floors can be placed higher or lower to one related to to maintain the height of the parking system approximately in the middle position.

The coupling of the parking spaces down and / or above is uniform with the exception of the lowest floor through the slotted hollow sections 13, in each case from below the mushroom-shaped projections 14 of the below adjacent Protrude parking space.

By contrast, it is sufficient for the transition of the lowest parking spaces 38, 46, 54 and 56 to those of the next floor here only with projections 17 working, which engage in holes 18.

The function is the following:

For example, if the pitch 32 are driven, so the pitches 31, 39 and 47 each raised only so far that the respectively below Pitches 32, 40 and 48 are carried by them while the parking space 33 sitting on the underlying pitch 34 remains and equally the pitch 41 on the pitch 42 and the Pitch 49 on the pitch 50th The pitches 34, 42 and 50 are in turn carried by the rails 8 and 9.

Then the pitches 34, 42 and 50 by one segment shifted to the right, taking the places worn by them 33, 41 and 49 automatically to the right. Thus, below the desired Pitch 32 arose to the entrance level gap and the pitch 31 with the carried by him pitch 32 moves down, until the latter is in the retracted position.

If, on the other hand, the platform 41 is to be used, the platforms will run 39 and 47 up a bit, a bit more than in the previous case, namely so far that not only the pitches 40 and 48, but also the Pitches 41 and 49 lifted out of their rest position and from the Pitches 39 and 47 are worn. Then the pitches can 42 and 50 are moved to the right, whereupon finally the pitches 39, 40 and 41 go down one floor.

Should instead a parking space from the underfloor area, such as the parking space 44 are driven, the pitches 46 and 54 go as far as above, that the pitches 44 and 45 sit on the pitch 46 and also the pitches 52 and 53 sit on the pitch 54. On the other hand the overlying parking spaces 43 and 51 are still in their hanging position on the movable parking spaces 42 and 50 and are thus at a shift of the latter two parking spaces automatically taken to the right. Then the lifting drive the pitch 46 again in action and the carried by him Raise pitch 44 to the entry level.

FIG. 8 shows an improved variant for coupling one above the other Parking spaces. It initially has the same structure as the one already in the figures 3 and 4 described mechanism, ie a slotted hollow profile 13, which is attached to an upper floor space and a movable therein mounted mushroom-shaped projection 14, which has a vertical movably mounted mushroom-shaped projection 14, which has a vertical Carrier 15 is connected to an underlying parking space. Essential is now that the vertical axis 14a at its upper end, ie above the roller in a cone 14b expires and that this cone in a corresponding bore 13a of the hollow profile 13 fits, if both Pitches are moved towards each other vertically.

In this way, the mushroom-shaped projection 14 holds the overlying Pitch after the settling movement not only frictionally in the previous embodiments, but positively. You get thus a more stable storage of pitches on each other, which is before is all in parking systems with many floors appropriate.

It is also possible for the parking spaces on the top and bottom floors a row, so about the pitch 31 and the pitch 38 not to provide two separate Hubantriebe, but only a lifting drive. One only needs to make sure that either only the uppermost or the lowest parking space can be coupled to the lifting drive. at the lifting drive described in the embodiments via traction means So only care should be taken that the traction means (ropes or chains) extended from the top floor parking spaces are up to the parking space of the lowest floor and that there switchable Coupling members are provided which the pitch when needed with the Connect Zugmittelenden. Likewise, of course, would be coupling members Provide at the top floor parking spaces so that this at the Procedure of the parking spaces of the lowest floor at rest or coupled as needed can be.

In summary, therefore, the essence of the invention is that one with a a maximum of two linear actuators and with a single displacement drive for all in a row superposed parking spaces, by optionally the positions to be moved to the lifting member or the displacement device can be coupled. In this case, the lifting drive be used by gradual startup or shutdown, selectively arranged on top of each other parking spaces on the displacement drive to be coupled or disconnected from it by the lifting device be held or sold.

In the exemplary embodiment, the parking spaces are each formed by platforms; but it may also be open pallets or the like instead act, which consist essentially only of rails to to pick up the wheels of the vehicle.

Claims (18)

1. Parking system for motor vehicles with a plurality of parking places (1 to 7) for independent parking disposed adjacent to one another and above one another in a plurality of storeys in a framework (G), wherein the parking places (1, 2, 4, 5, 7) which are located above the lowest storey can be raised and lowered and the parking places (2, 3, 5, 6) located below the uppermost storey can be moved horizontally in the transverse direction in order to form a gap, characterised in that the parking places (2, 5) located between the lowest and the uppermost storey can be coupled selectively to parking places (3, 6 or 1, 4, 7) which adjoin them above or below in order to carry out their horizontal or vertical movement.
2. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the coupling to the adjacent parking places takes place by interlocking engagement of coupling members (13, 14; 17, 18).
3. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the coupling for common movement in the transverse direction takes place by means of vertical projections (17) on a parking place (3, 6) which can be inserted into corresponding holes (18) in the vertically adjoining parking place (2, 5).
4. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the coupling for common lifting movement takes place by means of coupling members (13, 14) which can be loaded in the vertical direction and can interengage with one another.
5. Parking system as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that one coupling member is constructed as a hollow section (13) which is disposed on a parking place (1, 4, 7), extends in the transverse direction and is slotted towards the vertically adjacent parking place (2, 5), and behind which the coupling member (14) disposed on the vertically adjoining parking place (2, 5) engages.
6. Parking system as claimed in Claim 5, characterised in that the coupling member (14) is constructed as a rotatable roller with a vertical axis.
7. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the parking places of the uppermost storey are each connected to lifting drive (10).
8. Parking system as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the parking places (1, 4, 7) of the uppermost storey can be lowered a few centimetres into a second upper position in such a way that the parking places (2, 5) located below them sit on the parking places (3, 6) of the lowest storey.
9. Parking system as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the lifting drive (10) comprises a hydraulic cylinder which, in order to double the lifting movement which it generates, engages in a U-shaped loop of the traction means, one end of which is locked.
10. Parking system as claimed in Claim 9, characterised in that the traction means (11) acts at the four comers of the parking place (1, 4 or 7).
11. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the parking places (3, 6) of the lowest storey each have a drive (12) for horizontal movement.
12. Parking system for motor vehicles with a plurality of parking places (1 to 7, 21 to 23, 31 to 56) for independent parking disposed adjacent to one another and above one another in a plurality of storeys in a framework (G), wherein a large number of the parking places can be raised and lowered and can also be moved horizontally in the transverse direction in order to form a gap, characterised in that parking places (1 to 7.21 to 23, 31 to 56) which are located above one another can be coupled selectively to parking places which adjoin them above or below in order to carry out their horizontal or vertical movement.
13. Parking system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coupling and decoupling of parking places (1 to 3, 21 to 23 or 39 to 46) which are located above one another to a horizontal moving means (12) takes place by gradual moving up or moving down of a lifting means (10).
14. Parking system as claimed in Claim 12, characterised in that in the case of parking places which lie in the underground region the parking places (23, 38, 46, 54, 56) of the lowest storey are each connected to a lifting drive (10).
15. Parking system as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 12, characterised in that the parking places of one storey, particularly in the entrance/exit level, have a drive (12) for horizontal movement.
16. Parking system for motor vehicles as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 12, characterised in that in the case of parking places lying in the underground region or in the region above ground level the parking places lying above the entrance/exit level are associated with an upper lifting drive (10) and the parking places lying below the entrance/exit level are associated with a lower lifting drive (10).
17. Parking system as claimed in Claim 16, characterised in that the parking places of the lowest and uppermost storeys are each connected to lifting drives (10).
18. Parking system as claimed in Claim 14 or 16, characterised in that the parking places in the entrance/exit level have a common drive or each have a separate drive (12) for horizontal movement.

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