EP1012099B1 - Einrichtung zur handhabung blattartiger fördergutstücke - Google Patents
Einrichtung zur handhabung blattartiger fördergutstücke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1012099B1 EP1012099B1 EP98948939A EP98948939A EP1012099B1 EP 1012099 B1 EP1012099 B1 EP 1012099B1 EP 98948939 A EP98948939 A EP 98948939A EP 98948939 A EP98948939 A EP 98948939A EP 1012099 B1 EP1012099 B1 EP 1012099B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gripper
- cam
- arm
- gripper arm
- claw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001433879 Camarea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
- B65H5/08—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by grippers, e.g. suction grippers
- B65H5/14—Details of grippers; Actuating-mechanisms therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
- B65H5/08—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by grippers, e.g. suction grippers
- B65H5/10—Reciprocating or oscillating grippers, e.g. suction or gripper tables
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for handling sheet-like Conveyed items, such items also folded sheets or can include stapled pieces or the like, for example, by one Magazine to be transported to a conveyor chain and on the conveyor chain be filed.
- Known gripper arms are about a pivot axis, which is in sufficient distance above the level of the transport chain or the level of to be conveyed, sheet-like conveyed items takes place from a recording position in a delivery position pivotable.
- Is located at the lower end of the gripper arms each a gripper with opposing, in the closed position gripper claws preloaded by spring means, one of which is generally is pivotally connected to the gripper arm and by an actuating linkage opened both in the receiving position and in the delivery position and is closed to a leading edge of a in the recording position To seize the conveyed good and in the delivery position the conveyed good to release again.
- An actuating linkage between a frame-mounted Cam or cam, one of these scanning cam buttons and The swiveling gripper claw serves to open the gripper tongs in time with the Swiveling movements of the gripper arm at least in its receiving position.
- This actuation mechanism is in the known gripper arm designs comparatively complex and requires a for the cam drive Swivel axis of the gripper arm runs parallel to the drive shaft mounted on the frame.
- a device for handling sheet-like is Conveyed goods which have a pivotally mounted, by means of a Includes crank drive pivotable gripper arm. Outdoors, lower end of the gripper arm is a gripper with a pair of Claw claws. By means of a likewise arranged on the gripper arm Actuating linkage one of the gripper claws can be opened and closed. In addition, the entire gripper is by means of another Actuating linkage relative to the gripper arm to generate a certain Path of movement of the gripper claws while giving away the gripper arm pivotable.
- This pivots the entire gripper achieves that on the further actuating linkage assigned to the gripper tongs, which contains a cam switch, an actuating movement from a cam disc is conveyed, which sits on the crankshaft for driving the gripper arm.
- the one that serves to pivot the entire gripper Actuating rods do not act directly, but via a frame-fixed pivoting guide rail on the one hand and one with the gripper tongs connected on the other hand on the gripper tongs.
- a further device for handling sheet-like is Conveyed goods with a crank rod for swiveling movements caused, pivoted gripper arm known.
- One at the free end of the The gripper tongs located in the gripper arm contain a pair of gripper claws, from which one to open and close the gripper tongs on the free Gripper arm end mounted and is provided with a feeler roller lever with a interlocking, pivotally mounted guide link.
- Certain Movements of the guide link are controlled via a cam button on the Guide rail generated by means of a cam, which is synchronous with a Rotary drive for actuating the crank rod acting on the gripper arm circulates.
- the object of the invention is to achieve a device for Handling sheet-like conveyed items with the features of the generic term of Claim 1 to be designed so that the actuating mechanism for opening and closing the gripper tongs is significantly simplified and cheaper, whereby in particular a smaller number of components compared to known ones Constructions are used without a high precision of the gripper process must be waived.
- the idea underlying the invention is that Drive mechanism for generating the swiveling movements of the gripper arm or the gripper arms themselves for actuating the respective gripper claw to use, for which the cam for the cam button of the actuating linkage swiveling gripper claw directly on the drive crank for the Gripper arm pivoting crank rod or attached to this crank rod is. It turns out that both the drive crank and the crank rod of the swivel arm drive just when the gripper arm as it were respective dead center positions reached, comparatively rapid rotary movements or Execute swivel movements that are used to derive the opening movement of the Gripper pliers are suitable in the receiving position and the delivery position.
- the actuating linkage includes opening and closing the swiveling gripper claw a mounted on the gripper arm Lever with one end of a coupling rod connected to the other end is connected to the pivotable gripper claw, and to which the Cam button is located, which is expediently designed as a roller scanning the cam is.
- Fig. 1 shows a gripper arm 1 which about a pivot axis 2 in Clockwise until it is in the receiving position provided at the lower end Gripper pliers 3, and counterclockwise into a delivery position Gripper tongs over the area of a conveyor chain indicated schematically at 4 is pivotable away. Funding on conveyor chain 4 takes place with reference on the representation of Fig. 1 clockwise perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- crank rod 5 is articulated, which of a Drive crank 6 is actuated by a drive through a shaft 7 in Revolution is offset.
- the crank radius from the shaft 7 to the articulation point 8 the crank rod 5 is selected so that the gripper pliers 3 a working stroke or Return stroke of sufficient arc length.
- Fig. 1 not for simplification Means shown can be provided to adjust the crank radius, about an elongated hole provided in part 6 for adjusting the articulation point 8 the crank rod 5.
- the gripper tongs 3 contain an upper one firmly connected to the gripper arm 1 Gripper claw 9 and one pivotable at the lower end of the gripper arm 1 connected gripper claw 10 with a beyond the gripper claw joint 11 after extended backward approach 12, on the articulated in the manner shown a coupling rod 13 is connected.
- the upper end of the coupling rod 13 is articulated to one end 14 of a double-armed lever 15, which in turn at 16 pivotally connected to the gripper arm 1.
- the one pointing towards the pick-up position of the gripper arm Lever arm 14a carries a sensing roller 17 at its free end, which with a Cam or a cam disc 18 cooperates, which is integral with the Drive crank 6 connected or firmly connected to this.
- a sensing roller 17 at its free end, which with a Cam or a cam disc 18 cooperates, which is integral with the Drive crank 6 connected or firmly connected to this.
- a Cam or a cam disc 18 cooperates, which is integral with the Drive crank 6 connected or firmly connected to this.
- the cam 18 is designed only for opening the gripper 3 in the receiving position.
- an opening of the gripper tongs 3 in the delivery position would have to the cam disk 18 on the diametrically opposite the opening cam 20
- Have an opening cam, which, however, of the crankshaft 7 have a different radial distance than the opening cam 20 must, since the gripper arm 1 has now moved counterclockwise and the Tracer roller 17 has reached a different radial distance from the crankshaft 7.
- FIGS. 1 and 1A So while it is quite in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 1A is possible to modify the cam or cam 18 so that it both in the receiving position and in the delivery position of the gripper arm the gripper 3 causes opening, practically preferred Embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 1A with an embodiment of the cam disk 18th about in the manner shown such that only in the recording position of the Gripper arm the opening of the gripper tongs 3 through the cam disk 18th is caused while opening the gripper 3 to deliver the handled goods caused by a separate cam or stop which is adjustable and fixed to the device and against the parts of the actuating mechanism the gripper pliers when the gripper arm enters the Start delivery position.
- a separate cam or stop which is adjustable and fixed to the device and against the parts of the actuating mechanism the gripper pliers when the gripper arm enters the Start delivery position.
- the opening and Closing characteristic of the gripper 3 in the receiving position with large Precision must take place, namely such that the gripper 3 is open when the tips of the gripper claws 9 and 10 the front edge of the to be handled Reach items to be conveyed and must also remain open until the front edge of a piece of conveyed goods to be handled completely into the gripper tongs Swiveling forward of the gripper arm 1 has migrated into it. Then takes place in essentially without rapid pivotal movement of the gripper arm 1 Closing of the gripper tongs 3 due to a correspondingly rapid wandering away the opening cam 20 from the feeler roller 17.
- FIGS. 2, 2A and 2B have the gripper arm 1 pivotable about the pivot axis 2, which on its lower end of the gripper 3, the crankshaft 7, the crank 6 and the Crank rod connection to the gripper arm 1, for example the same or Similar structure as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 1A.
- the Cam switch which in the embodiment under consideration with 110 is designated, but does not act on the coupling rod 13 and a lever thence to the rear extension 12 of the swiveling gripper claw 10, but sits adjustable along a threaded section 111 of the coupling rod 3 screwable stop directly on the coupling rod 13. This is how to clearly recognizable from Fig.
- the coupling rod 13 thus extends from the lower Articulation point on the rear extension 112 of the pivotable gripper claw 10 approximately upward along the gripper arm 1 through the sliding guide 12 through and is between its ends with play by one of the gripper arm 1 protruding spring bearing 114, against which one end of the previously mentioned spring means 19 forming coil spring supports, the other end rests against a spring bearing 115 seated on the coupling rod 13.
- the the Coupling rod 13 wrapping coil spring 19 thus presses the gripper claw 10 in the closed position.
- Fig. 2 shows the operating state of the device immediately after detection a piece of conveyed goods in the receiving position of the gripper arm 1, i.e. immediately after closing the gripper 3 after the previously held, in dash-dotted lines schematically indicated opening position.
- Pulls the Gripper arm 1 then continued rotation of the crankshaft 7 and Swiveling the crank 6, the conveyed good with respect to that in the Drawing shown position from left to right, the crank 6 in Swiveled clockwise, so the parts of the crank rod 5 in this phase of the work cycle clockwise and that forming the cam Extension part 113 of the crank rod 5 moves from the cam button forming stop 110 and pushes the sliding guide 112 in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B can be seen on the coupling rod 13 downwards.
- the Opening of the gripper pliers 3 in the delivery position of the gripper arm 1 by a separate, adjustable stop or cam fixed in frame Interaction can be made with the actuating linkage.
- A is located on the circular sector-shaped profile of the cam disk 18a Opening cam 20a, both in the receiving position of the gripper arm 1 and also in contact with the feeler roller 17 in the delivery position of the gripper arm comes and in each case the gripper claw 10 opposite that at the lower end of the gripper arm fixed gripper claw 9 brings in the open position.
- the opening cam 20a may have a slope other than on the rising side the waste side to have certain opening characteristics of the gripper claw 10 to implement in coordination with the position of the gripper arm 1.
- the opening cam 20a of the cam 18a per revolution the crankshaft 7 interacts twice with the sensing roller 17, namely for the gripping claw opening in the receiving position as well as in the Delivery position.
- the Control of the opening of the gripper 3 in the receiving position independently from the control of the opening of the gripper 3 in the delivery position of To effect gripper arm 1 to certain opening and closing characteristics the gripper tongs reliably in the receiving position of the gripper arm realize. From this point of view, embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 2B of the previously described embodiment according to FIG. 3 and also the 4 preferred embodiment described below.
- the cam 18 comes together further with the drive crank 6 around the crankshaft 7 Turns clockwise, the opening cam 20 lifts very quickly from the Tracer roller 17, although the gripper arm 1 in this rotation range Cam disc performs only a minimal swivel movement, which achieves is that the pivotable gripper claw 10 in the receiving position of the Gripper arm 1 closes essentially instantaneously before the gripper arm 1 begins to pivot towards the delivery position.
- Fig. 4 shows a corresponding to the embodiment of FIG. 3 Construction, in which, however, the cam disc designated here 18b in the form of a circular sector segment not on the receiving position of the Gripper arm 1 facing side, but on the delivery position of the Gripper arm 1 facing side on a rear extension of the crank rod 5 is attached to this.
- the approximately circular sector-shaped cam disk 18b provided with an opening cam 20b, which during pivoting movements of the Crank rod 5 in the receiving position or the delivery position of the Gripper arm 1, the feeler roller 17 at the right end of the double-armed lever 15b pivoted clockwise around the articulation point 16 of the lever 15b on the gripper arm 1, so that the lever arm 14b pulls the coupling rod 13 upwards and the Gripper claw 10 opens against the force of the spring means 19b.
- the circumferential Location of the opening cam 20b of the cam 18b with respect to the Pivotal movements of the crank rod 5 is similar to the embodiment 3 by an adjustable mounting of the cam on the Crank rod adjustable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Discharge By Other Means (AREA)
- Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Description
Claims (12)
- Einrichtung zur Handhabung blattartiger Fördergutstückemit einem Greiferarm (1), der um eine Schwenkachse (2) von einer Aulnahmestellung in eine Abgabestellung verschwenkbar ist,mit einer parallel zur Schwenkachse gelagerten, mit einem Antrieb gekuppelten Kurbelwelle (7),mit einer die Kurbelwelle mit dem Greiferarm verbindenden Kurbelstange (5),mit einer am freien Ende des Greiferarms (1) befindlichen Greiferzange (3), die ein Paar von Greiferklauen (9, 10) aufweist, von denen mindestens eine (10) verschwenkbar am freien Greiferarmende angeschlossen und von Federmitteln (19, 19a, 19b) in Schließstellung vorgespannt ist, undmit einem Betätigungsgestänge (15, 13, 12), das einen am Greiferarm befindlichen Nockentaster (17) aufweist, der mit einer Nockenanordnung (18, 18a, 18b) zum Öffnen der mindestens einen schwenkbaren Greiferklaue (10) in der Aufnahmestellung zusammenwirkt,
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsgestänge einen am Greiferarm (1) gelagerten Hebel (15, 15a, 15b) enthält, an dem ein Ende einer Kuppelstange (13) angeschlossen ist, deren anderes Ende an der schwenkbaren Greiferklaue (10) angeschlossen ist, und an dem sich ferner der Nockentaster (17) befindet.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hebel doppelarmig ist, daß die Kuppelstange (13) an einem Hebelarm angelenkt und der Nockentaster (17) am anderen Hebelarm angeordnet ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nockentaster die Gestalt einer Rolle (17) hat.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (18) so ausgebildet ist, daß er über den Nockentaster (17) die schwenkbare Greiferklaue (10) nur in der Aufnahemstellung öffnet.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (18; 18a; 18b) so ausgebildet ist, daß er über den Nockentaster (17) die schwenkbare Greiferklaue (10) sowohl in der Aufnahmestellung als auch der Abgabestellung öffnet.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansrprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (18, 18a, 18b) in der durch ihn bestimmten Ebene relativ zu der Kurbelwelle (6, 7) bzw. relativ zur Kurbelstange (5) einstellbar ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (18, 18a, 18b) mindestens einen Öffnungsnockenbereich (20, 20a, 20b) aufweist, der mit dem Nockentaster bzw. der Tastrolle (17) zusammenwirkt und solche Profilierung aufweist, daß in der Aufnahmestellung nach allmählicher Öffnung eine rasche Schließung der Greiferklauen erfolgt.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betätigungsgestänge (12, 13, 110) eine von einer Anlenkstelle der mindestens einen schwenkbaren Greiferklaue (10) durch eine Schiebeführung (112) der Kurbelstange (5) reichende, sich etwa längs des Greiferarms (1) erstreckende Kuppelstange (13) enthält, welche mit einem Anschlag (110) versehen ist, der den Nockentaster bildet und mit dem der an der Kurbelstange (5) vorgesehene Nocken (113) zusammenwirkt, der an einem der Enden der Schiebeführung (112) vorgesehen ist.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nocken (113) von einer Verlängerung der Kurbelstange (5) über die Anlenkstelle am Greiferarm (1) hinaus gebildet ist, wobei am Ende dieser Verlängerung die Schiebeführung (112) vorgesehen ist.
- Einrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anschlag (110) längs der Kuppelstange (13) einstellbar ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kuppelstange (13) mit einem Federlager (115) versehen ist und von einer Schraubenfeder (19) umschlungen ist, welche die Federmittel zum Vorspannen einer Greiferklaue bildet und sich an einem Gegenlager (114) abstützt, das am Greiferarm (1) befestigt ist und die Kuppelstange (13) mit Spiel umgibt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19739784A DE19739784A1 (de) | 1997-09-10 | 1997-09-10 | Einrichtung zur Handhabung blattartiger Fördergutstücke |
DE19739784 | 1997-09-10 | ||
PCT/EP1998/005727 WO1999012836A1 (de) | 1997-09-10 | 1998-09-08 | Einrichtung zur handhabung blattartiger fördergutstücke |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1012099A1 EP1012099A1 (de) | 2000-06-28 |
EP1012099B1 true EP1012099B1 (de) | 2001-12-05 |
Family
ID=7841903
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98948939A Expired - Lifetime EP1012099B1 (de) | 1997-09-10 | 1998-09-08 | Einrichtung zur handhabung blattartiger fördergutstücke |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6419223B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1012099B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2303170C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19739784A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999012836A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6227588B1 (en) * | 1999-02-17 | 2001-05-08 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Gripper assembly |
DE19927728C1 (de) * | 1999-06-17 | 2000-08-03 | Bell & Howell Co | Greifermechanismus für Einrichtungen zur Handhabung blattartiger oder plattenartiger Gegenstände, insbesondere für Postbearbeitungsmaschinen |
DE19945478C2 (de) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-05-03 | Bell & Howell Co | Greifermechanismus für Einrichtungen zur Handhabung blattartiger oder plattenartiger Gegenstände, insbesondere für Postbearbeitungsmaschinen |
DE19927946C2 (de) * | 1999-06-18 | 2001-05-10 | Bell & Howell Co | Greifermechanismus für Einrichtungen zur Handhabung blattartiger oder plattenartiger Gegenstände, insbesondere für Postbearbeitungsmaschinen |
CH693794A5 (fr) * | 2000-05-05 | 2004-02-13 | Bobst Sa | Dispositif pour positionner des feuilles dans une station de machine. |
DE10126893A1 (de) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-12 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Ablageeinrichtung einer Druckmaschine |
US6511065B1 (en) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-01-28 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for transferring signatures and gripper assembly for a matched velocity transfer device |
CN100360387C (zh) * | 2003-03-19 | 2008-01-09 | 昆山宝裕吸塑厂 | 片材送料机构 |
TWI275484B (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2007-03-11 | Bobst Sa | Method and station for unblanked sheet delivery in a machine processing plate elements |
DE102005005659B3 (de) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-04-20 | Pitney Bowes Deutschland Gmbh | Aufgabestation für Postbearbeitungsanlagen |
DE102006039987A1 (de) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-02-28 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Stapelbildung in einer Bogen verarbeitenden Maschine |
CN105858283B (zh) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-12-25 | 东莞市长和兴印刷机械有限公司 | 一种夹纸装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR705282A (fr) * | 1929-11-12 | 1931-06-04 | Déchargeur de feuilles de papier | |
US2325455A (en) * | 1940-10-02 | 1943-07-27 | Inserting And Mailing Machine | Envelope handling machine |
DE2362104C3 (de) * | 1973-12-14 | 1980-11-27 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg | Bogenanlegevonichtung mit Zuführgreifern |
US4462585A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1984-07-31 | Metromail Corporation | Thickness adjustable material detector for gripper mechanism |
US4511130A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1985-04-16 | Metromail Corporation | Phase controlled gripper operating system for collator |
-
1997
- 1997-09-10 DE DE19739784A patent/DE19739784A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-09-08 EP EP98948939A patent/EP1012099B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-08 US US09/486,546 patent/US6419223B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-09-08 WO PCT/EP1998/005727 patent/WO1999012836A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-09-08 DE DE59802367T patent/DE59802367D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-09-08 CA CA002303170A patent/CA2303170C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1012099A1 (de) | 2000-06-28 |
CA2303170C (en) | 2007-05-22 |
CA2303170A1 (en) | 1999-03-18 |
DE59802367D1 (de) | 2002-01-17 |
US6419223B1 (en) | 2002-07-16 |
WO1999012836A1 (de) | 1999-03-18 |
DE19739784A1 (de) | 1999-03-11 |
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