EP1002927B1 - Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuisé et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie - Google Patents
Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuisé et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1002927B1 EP1002927B1 EP98470028A EP98470028A EP1002927B1 EP 1002927 B1 EP1002927 B1 EP 1002927B1 EP 98470028 A EP98470028 A EP 98470028A EP 98470028 A EP98470028 A EP 98470028A EP 1002927 B1 EP1002927 B1 EP 1002927B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- door unit
- unit according
- upright
- leaf
- reinforcement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/11—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against burglary
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B3/72—Door leaves consisting of frame and panels, e.g. of raised panel type
- E06B3/74—Door leaves consisting of frame and panels, e.g. of raised panel type with wooden panels or frame
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7046—Door leaves with provisions for locks, hinges or other fittings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7059—Specific frame characteristics
- E06B2003/7061—Wooden frames
- E06B2003/7063—Wooden frames reinforced; in combination with other materials, e.g. foam, honeycomb
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/70—Door leaves
- E06B2003/7094—Door leaves with ventilated innerspace
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a burglar-resistant door and sleeping unit.
- the prior art describes techniques for reinforcing landing doors as for example in the documents FR 2 624 160 and FR 2 409 368.
- the door of document FR 2 624 160 is an isoplane type door comprising two H-profiles pressed against lateral wooden uprights and possibly against two retaining plates, said uprights being covered by exterior panels.
- the document door FR 2 409 368 is a landing door for apartments or office and including a door frame reinforcement.
- document FR 2 652 378 describes a door burglar-proof and its frame, the door being formed of a plurality of joinery panels conventionally assembled by tenons and mortises.
- the object of the invention is to offer a product which does not exist on the market, know a carpentry type door combining aesthetics and insulation, meeting the requirements of the burglary tests in force, in particular those described in the NF P 23-306 and NF P 20-320 standards corresponding to classes 1 and 2 of the CNPP (National Center for Prevention and Protection) no wooden entrance door have not yet been subject to a break-in classification.
- NF P 23-306 and NF P 20-320 standards corresponding to classes 1 and 2 of the CNPP (National Center for Prevention and Protection) no wooden entrance door have not yet been subject to a break-in classification.
- the door unit according to the invention is a high product of range with reinforced insulation, which can either be made to measure, or be offered in the form of a range of sophisticated models.
- the technical characteristics of the door unit according to the invention are based on the combined reinforcement of the opening and the door frame, a reinforcement of lock boxes can be added.
- a door unit comprising in particular a opening and a frame, the opening being formed of a plurality of panels joinery assembled between a plurality of vertical lateral uprights and horizontal crosspieces forming a framework, the opening also comprising a high security lock, door unit characterized both in that it comprises combination a reinforcement of the sash and the frame and in that the side uprights of the sash are made of glulam reinforced over their length by a post reinforcement in the form of a profiled bar.
- the opening is reinforced by a shielding sheet forming a continuous surface over the entire height between a high cross member and a lower intermediate cross member, and over the entire width between the lateral uprights of the frame, said sheet being inserted into a slot in said frame.
- the amounts of the sash are reinforced by H profiles, preferably metallic.
- each locking point of the high security lock is reinforced by a plate-plywood assembly placed on either side of said locking point and against the rebate of the opening.
- the frame has a U-shaped door-keeper profile with a central zone comprising the strikes completely covering the face of the upright look of the opening, a wing covering its entire width the face of the upright directed towards the outside of the room, a wing covering over part of its width the face of the upright facing the interior of the room.
- the frame-strike profile includes at at least one groove and edge assembly extending at least at each wastes.
- the frame upright has a door-fitting profile with a plurality of lights, while the amount of the opening comprises in its rebate a reinforcing bar provided with a plurality of penetrating tabs in the lights when the door is closed.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a window (1) of a carved entrance door standard according to the invention, the dimensions and / or the number and / or the panel shapes can be modified, for custom installation, without modification of safety performance.
- This opening which is a non-limiting example, consists of two set of two panels (2a, 2b) (3a, 3b) in solid oak assembled between two lateral uprights (4a, 4b) made of glued laminated timber and held by a low crossbar (5), an intermediate low cross (6), a high cross (7), all three in oak glued laminated and separated by an intermediate crosspiece formed of two parts (8a, 8b) and made of solid oak.
- the upright-transom assembly is a classic stud assembly and mortises glued and pointed.
- a projecting molding (11) conventionally surrounds each of the panels.
- a seal (12) surrounds the opening, it is held so classic in a rebate groove.
- the frame is only represented by an aluminum threshold (14) and a high sleeper cross member (15).
- Each panel (2a, 2b) and (3a, 3b) is positioned by a bar of plywood (10) allowing to reserve between each panel and the armor plate an air space (2c or 3c) for condensation and insulation.
- a bar for example made of steel (13) preferentially assembles two adjacent sleepers, here the lower intermediate cross member (6) and the lower cross member (5), itself conventionally covered on the outside by a plinth (16).
- the lateral uprights (4a, 4b), made of glulam, are reinforced each by an upright reinforcement (17) preferably extending over the entire length of said amount (4a or 4b).
- a post reinforcement (17) is preferably a metal reinforcement to asymmetrical H-shaped section, made for example by welding two L-shaped angles (17b, 17c) and forming an elongated U on the central surface of a profile in short U (17a) as shown in Figures 8b and 3.
- the short U-shaped profile (17a) faces the panels of the door. so that the vertical longitudinal edge of the shielding sheet (9) penetrates in a longitudinal slot (21) of the glued laminated upright, between the two wings of the short U-shaped profile (17a) (see Figure 3).
- a two-star A2P high security mortice lock for example to three deadbolts (20), with high security cylindrical barrel (19) mounted in the central lock housings (26).
- a plurality of openings (17d) are provided on the wings (17b or 17c) for the passage of the cylindrical barrel and the handle.
- a reinforcement of each of the locking points of the lock (20) is provided by bolting a U-shaped steel profile (23) placed vertically on the outside and a counter plate (24) on the inner side by means of a plurality of bolts (25) the inner nut of which is preferably fixed to the threaded rod with glue.
- each lock reinforcement (23) The horizontal folds (23a, 23b) of the profile of each lock reinforcement (23) are directed towards the associated counterplate and enclose each lock housing (26).
- the lock reinforcement, plate and plywood can, as in FIG. 3, have a width less than that of the lock case, but in all cases it is necessarily placed against the rebate of the opening so as to limit the pivoting of the housing in its housing during an attempted break-in.
- a frame-strike profile (27) U-shaped whose flat central area (27a) completely covers the face of the upright (28) opposite the opening.
- This central area (27a) includes keepers (29) to cooperate with the bolts (20) of the lock, and bars rectangular metal (30) for the reinforcement of the strikes, said bars (30) being welded to the inner face of the central zone (27a).
- a longitudinal wing (27b) of the frame profile (27) substantially covers over its entire length and preferably over its entire width the face of the upright directed towards the outside of the room.
- the other longitudinal wing (27c) of said profile (27) covers substantially over its entire length and over part of its width the face of the upright directed towards the interior of the room.
- This wing (27c) is such that it allows the screwing of the plug hardware side which will be described later while strengthening the central area of the strikes (27a).
- a metal clamping bar (44) is welded along the length of the central zone (27a), and on its outer edge, and it has a chamfer (39) opposite the chamfer (40) provided on the corresponding door jamb (4b).
- a molded jack (41) completely covers the anti-clamp reinforcement (44).
- a cutout is provided at the lower end of the frame-keeper profile (27) (39) for the location of the threshold (14).
- the lateral upright (4a) of the opening carrying the pivoting plugs (31) is, like the lateral upright (4b) on the lock side, made of glulam and reinforced by an H-shaped metal reinforcement ( Figures 8b and 5).
- the H reinforcement is preferably the same as that (17) of the side upright on the lock side.
- the short U-profile (17) faces the door panels so that the vertical longitudinal edge of the armor plate (9) enters a longitudinal slot (21) of the glulam between the two branches of said U-shaped profile (17a) ( Figure 5).
- the elongated angles (17b, 17c) form an elongated U facing the standing so as to enclose the plugs (31).
- This reinforcing bar is provided with a plurality of metal tabs (35) protruding, preferably ten as in the figures, and distributed along the length.
- the length of the cleats (35) is calculated according to the play existing between opening and sleeping and so that they enter the sleeping part significant of their length, for example and not limited to half of their length, depending on the desired resistance to tearing and deformation.
- the length of the cleats is approximately 10 mm.
- a frame profile (37) is screwed onto the upright (36) of the frame side.
- U-shaped fitting whose flat central area (37a) has cutouts or lights (38) for the passage of the tabs (35) of the reinforcing bar (34). These lights (38) are extended horizontally to take account of the travel of the cleats when opening or closing the sash around the axes of pivoting (32) of the plugs (31).
- An anti-clamp reinforcement (44) already described is also welded or screwed on any the length of the frame profile (37) and also covered with a molded jack (41).
- the frame reinforcement on the strike side in FIG. 10 has a groove or vertical groove (42) provided between the anti-pinch reinforcement (44) and an edge (43) arranged vertically and adjacent to the strikes (29).
- the groove (42) and / or the edge (43) can extend over the entire length reinforcement or be provided only at the level of each of the strikes and preferably over a length greater than that of said strikes.
- a plate (45) welded on the internal face of the central zone (27a) forms the bottom of the groove (42) and can be extended to the wing (27c) to reinforce the strikes; in this case the platelets (30) can be removed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Door And Window Frames Mounted To Openings (AREA)
Description
- les portes d'entrée menuisées avec différents moyens de sécurité montés en option tels que serrure haute-sécurité, renforts de fiches, tôle anti-effraction. Ces options ne garantissent toutefois pas la résistance à l'effraction conformément aux normes NF P 23-306 et NF P 20-320 ;
- les portes palières blindées dont certaines ont subi les essais de conformité aux normes précitées, mais ces blocs portes présentent notamment les inconvénients suivants : mauvaise performance à l'isolation thermique, esthétique limitée par l'habillage tôle ou mélamine, impossibilité de la fabrication sur mesure.
- développer un produit entièrement nouveau à savoir un montant en lamellé-collé à renfort métal, plus particulièrement un renfort en forme de H, integré dans le montant,
- résoudre les problèmes de stabilité de l'ouvrant pour sa pérennité suite aux
- Figure 1 : vue de face de l'ouvrant d'un modèle de dimensions standards conforme à l'invention et cité à titre d'exemple non limitatif,
- Figure 2 : vue en coupe longitudinale de l'ouvrant de la figure 1,
- Figure 3 : vue en coupe transversale partielle d'un ouvrant conforme à l'invention, côté serrure,
- Figure 4 : vue en coupe verticale du renfort d'un boítier de serrure de la figure 3,
- Figure 5 : vue en coupe transversale partielle d'un ouvrant côté ferrage conforme à l'invention,
- Figures 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d : respectivement vue de face, vues de côtés, coupe AA d'un profil renfort d'huisserie côté gâches conforme à l'invention,
- Figures 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d : respectivement vue de face, vues de côtés, coupe BB d'un profil renfort d'huisserie côté fiches conforme à l'invention,
- Figures 8a, 8b : respectivement vue de face partielle et vue en coupe d'un profil renfort de montant pour un ouvrant côté serrure conforme à l'invention,
- Figures 9a, 9b : respectivement vue de face et vue de côté d'un renfort de ferrage pour un ouvrant conforme à l'invention,
- Figure 10 : vue en coupe transversale partielle d'une variante de renfort d'huisserie côté gâche conforme à l'invention,
- Figure 11 : vue en trois dimensions et en coupe de la partie basse du bloc de la figure 1.
- surcoût réduit par rapport à une porte menuisée de l'art antérieur,
- esthétique adaptable à la demande du client,
- possibilité de réaliser une gamme de modèles,
- bonne tenue à l'effraction.
Claims (19)
- Bloc porte comportant notamment un ouvrant (1) et une huisserie, l'ouvrant (1) étant formé d'une pluralité de panneaux menuisés assemblés entre une pluralité de montant latéraux (4a, 4b) verticaux et une pluralité de traverses horizontales (6 et 7) et assemblés classiquement par tenons et mortaises, l'ouvrant (1) comportant également une serrure de haute sécurité (20), comportant un boítier de serrure (26) et en combinaison un renforcement de l'ouvrant et de l'huisserie, bloc porte caractérisé à la fois :en ce que chaque-montant (4a, 4b) de l'ouvrant est en lamellé-collé renforcé sur sa longueur par un renfort de montant en forme de barre profilée (17) présentant une section en H et intégré dans le montant,et en ce que, le boítier de serrure (26) est en outre placé entre deux ailes du renfort de montant.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le renfort des montants (17) de l'ouvrant est métallique.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le renfort de montant est réalisé par soudure de deux cornières en L (17b, 17c) sur la surface centrale d'un profil en U (17a).
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la section en H est dissymétrique.
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le renfort de montant (17) s'étend sur toute la longueur des montants (4a, 4b).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouvrant est renforcé par une tôle de blindage (9) formant une surface continue sur toute la hauteur entre une traverse haute (7) et une traverse basse intermédiaire (6), et sur toute la largeur entre les montants latéraux (4a, 4b) de l'ossature, ladite tôle étant insérée dans une fente (21) de ladite ossature.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la fente (21) longitudinale des montants est située entre les ailes du profil en U (17a).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que chacun des points de condamnation de la serrure (20) comportant un boítier (26) est renforcé par un ensemble plaque/contre-plaque (24) placé de part et d'autre dudit point de condamnation, maintenu par boulonnage et placé contre la feuillure de l'ouvrant.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la plaque (23) est un profil acier en U dont les plis verticaux (23a,23b) sont dirigés vers la contre-plaque (24).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte sur un montant du dormant côté serrure un profil huisserie-gâches (27) en forme de U dont la zone centrale (27a) comportant les gâches (29) recouvre totalement la face du montant (28) en regard de l'ouvrant, une aile (27b) recouvrant sur toute sa largeur la face du montant dirigée vers l'extérieur du local, une aile (27c) recouvrant sur une partie de sa largeur la face du montant dirigée vers l'intérieur du local.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que des barrettes (30) sont soudées sur la face interne de la zone centrale (27a) pour le renforcement des gâches.
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 10 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une barre métallique (44) anti-pince est soudée à l'extérieur de la zone centrale (27a) et comporte un chanfrein (39) en regard d'un chanfrein (40) de l'ouvrant.
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le profil huisserie-gâches (27) comporte en outre au moins un ensemble rainure (42) bordure (43) s'étendant au moins au niveau de chacune des gâches (29).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que, sur le montant (36) du dormant côté fiches est vissé un profil huisserie-ferrage (37) en forme de U dont la zone centrale (37a) comporte des lumières (38), et en ce que le montant latéral (4d) de l'ouvrant portant les fiches (31) de pivotement comporte encastré dans sa feuillure une barre de renfort (34) munie d'une pluralité de taquets métalliques (35) en saillie, pénétrant dans les lumières (38) lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant.
- Bloc porte selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les lumières (38) sont allongées horizontalement.
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 14 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le profil huisserie-ferrage (37) comporte également un renfort anti-pince (44).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les fiches sont inserrées dans le montant latéral de l'ouvrant entre deux ailes du renfort de montant.
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que chaque panneau (2a,2b) et (3a,3b) est positionné par une barre de contreplaqué (10) permettant de réserver entre chaque panneau et la tôle de blindage une lame d'air (2c ou 3c).
- Bloc porte selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'une barre en acier assemble deux traverses horizontales adjacentes (6,5).
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9713997A FR2770572B1 (fr) | 1997-11-03 | 1997-11-03 | Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuise et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie |
EP98470028A EP1002927B1 (fr) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-11-18 | Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuisé et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie |
AT98470028T ATE266793T1 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Einbruchhemmende türeinheit mit getafeltem türblatt und eine kombination der armierungen des blattes und des türstocks |
DE69823837T DE69823837T2 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Einbruchhemmende Türeinheit mit getafeltem Türblatt und eine Kombination der Armierungen des Blattes und des Türstocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9713997A FR2770572B1 (fr) | 1997-11-03 | 1997-11-03 | Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuise et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie |
EP98470028A EP1002927B1 (fr) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-11-18 | Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuisé et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1002927A1 EP1002927A1 (fr) | 2000-05-24 |
EP1002927B1 true EP1002927B1 (fr) | 2004-05-12 |
Family
ID=26151811
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98470028A Expired - Lifetime EP1002927B1 (fr) | 1997-11-03 | 1998-11-18 | Bloc porte anti-effraction comportant un ouvrant de type menuisé et une combinaison de renforcements sur l'ouvrant et l'huisserie |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1002927B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2770572B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109519098A (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-26 | 江苏金迪木业股份有限公司 | 一种人防门 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1298803A (en) * | 1968-12-06 | 1972-12-06 | John Frederick Nash | Anti-fire and anti-theft door |
FR2227416A1 (en) * | 1973-04-25 | 1974-11-22 | Viala Andre | Reduced warping of solid timber frames - from wooden sections mortised and joined by plastics or timber slat |
FR2409368A1 (fr) * | 1977-11-17 | 1979-06-15 | Gubri Michel | Dispositif de renforcement d'huisserie |
DE3300897A1 (de) * | 1983-01-13 | 1984-07-19 | Günther 6116 Eppertshausen Biergans | Sicherheitstuerblatt |
FR2624160A1 (en) * | 1987-12-07 | 1989-06-09 | Huet Fils Sa Jean | Security door leaf |
FR2636665B1 (fr) * | 1988-09-19 | 1994-01-21 | Ekem Sa | Porte comportant une plaque de blindage interieure |
FR2652378A1 (fr) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-03-29 | Martin Patrick | Porte anti-effraction et son dormant. |
-
1997
- 1997-11-03 FR FR9713997A patent/FR2770572B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-11-18 EP EP98470028A patent/EP1002927B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1002927A1 (fr) | 2000-05-24 |
FR2770572B1 (fr) | 1999-12-17 |
FR2770572A1 (fr) | 1999-05-07 |
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