EP0931734B1 - Valve a régulation de débit de sortie, et récipient équipe d'une telle valve - Google Patents
Valve a régulation de débit de sortie, et récipient équipe d'une telle valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0931734B1 EP0931734B1 EP98403289A EP98403289A EP0931734B1 EP 0931734 B1 EP0931734 B1 EP 0931734B1 EP 98403289 A EP98403289 A EP 98403289A EP 98403289 A EP98403289 A EP 98403289A EP 0931734 B1 EP0931734 B1 EP 0931734B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- regulating chamber
- product
- outlet
- orifice
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers for dispensing liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant
- B65D83/44—Valves specially adapted for the discharge of contents; Regulating devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a valve according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for an aerosol container, intended to distribute a product, in particular cosmetic, according to a flow substantially constant.
- the invention is particularly suitable for distribution of deodorants, or styling products, in particular lacquers or foams.
- the pressure in this part of the valve body is a partial pressure between atmospheric pressure and the pressure inside the container.
- a pressure depends on the internal pressure of the container, and the pressure losses existing up to the product outlet. Pressure also depends on the product in the container, especially its vapor pressure. So, for each new formula, it is necessary to use a different calibrated spring, which makes the system not very flexible.
- the means for closing the outlet orifice are not integral with the piston, this which makes the flow regulation obtained less precise.
- Patent application FR 2 711 973 describes a push button inside which is arranged a regulation system.
- the disadvantages of such system are mainly of two kinds.
- the system of regulation occupies a substantial place in the push button, which leaves little freedom in the definition of the feeding of the nozzle outlet or diffusion system and spray mechanism.
- the means for closing the regulation chamber are, between two uses, in communication with the outside of the container, and therefore with the air, which implies a high risk of "sticking" of the shutter, especially in the case of products with a high resin content.
- a valve in particular for an aerosol container, comprising inside a valve body: a) a inlet passage in communication with the container and an outlet passage; b) means for, in response to an actuation command, putting the exit passage in communication with the entry passage; c) first elastic return means for biasing the valve in the closed position; and D) means for regulating the output flow rate of the product, comprising second elastic return means for supplying a set pressure for said regulation means, the second elastic return means (14) are isolated from the product, the pressure inside said compartment being equal to the atmospheric pressure, characterized in that the second means elastic return are arranged in a compartment of the valve body.
- the elastic return means being at atmospheric pressure, the setpoint it imposes is constant, whatever the formula, and whatever or the pressure inside the container.
- the sealing means associated with the regulation system being located inside the valve body, i.e. isolated from the outside in the valve closed position, it does not produces no phenomenon of sticking or fouling of the regulation, which remains reliable over time.
- the flow regulation means comprise a regulation chamber, arranged between the inlet passage and the passage of outlet, said control chamber having an inlet port and an orifice outlet, shutter means, mounted on said second means elastic return being provided for, depending on the pressure inside the regulation chamber (in reality, inside the part in which circulates the product), modify the degree of opening of the inlet and / or outlet orifice, said second elastic return means being arranged in a regulation chamber compartment, isolated from the product by a piston mobile, in direct communication with the outside, and therefore maintained at atmospheric pressure.
- the pressure inside the compartment containing the spring tared remains identical to atmospheric pressure.
- the movable piston is integral with said first means shutter. This contributes to improving the precision of the regulation in the product outlet flow.
- the sealing means comprise first means for closing the outlet orifice, consisting of a skirt annular carried by the piston and disposed inside the chamber regulation, and whose position relative to the outlet orifice determines the degree opening of the latter.
- the annular skirt forms a single piece with the piston, obtainable by molding a thermoplastic material, such than a polyolefin, in particular a polyethylene or a polypropylene.
- the movable piston is slidably mounted inside the regulation chamber.
- the seal between the compartment containing the spring calibrated and the compartment forming the actual regulation chamber is improved by means of a flexible membrane arranged inside the body of the regulation chamber, between the piston and the calibrated spring.
- a such a membrane is overmolded or bi-injected with the body of the regulation. This membrane completes the seal between the two compartments of the regulation chamber, without appreciably affecting the pressing force exerted by the second elastic return means on the piston.
- stop means are provided for, in the event of overpressure inside the regulation chamber, maintain a flow minimum product output. This allows the product contained in the regulation chamber, until the pressure inside the chamber returns to the level set by the second elastic return means, thus avoiding any phenomenon of blockage of the valve.
- the sealing means may also include second means shutter, integral with the movable piston for, depending on the pressure at inside the regulation chamber, modify the degree of opening of the orifice of the regulation chamber, said first and second means shutter being arranged so that in the closed position of the inlet orifice, the outlet is at least partially open.
- second means shutter integral with the movable piston for, depending on the pressure at inside the regulation chamber, modify the degree of opening of the orifice of the regulation chamber, said first and second means shutter being arranged so that in the closed position of the inlet orifice, the outlet is at least partially open.
- the inlet orifice is arranged in the bottom of the regulation chamber, the outlet orifice being located on a wall side of the control chamber, at a distance d from the bottom of the control chamber regulation, an annular lip ensuring sealing between the regulation and the valve body, all around said regulation chamber, said sealing lip being disposed axially between the bottom of the chamber regulator and outlet.
- an annular lip can be obtained molding with the regulation chamber.
- the outlet passage is formed of a rod valve integral with the regulation chamber, said regulation chamber being mounted on said first elastic return means, said rod valve comprising an emerging part outside the valve body, and forming a outlet channel which can be put in communication with the valve body via a passage passing radially through the valve stem.
- it can be a "female" type valve intended to receive a hollow hollow rod by the valve actuation mechanism.
- the radial passage is maintained opposite a seal located in the upper part of the valve body.
- the sealing means seal the outlet orifice of the regulation chamber, so as to interrupt the dispensing of product. This prevents any spraying or diffusion whose characteristics do not would be unsatisfactory due to insufficient outlet pressure.
- a container is also produced for the pressure distribution of a product, fitted with a valve conforming to the invention.
- Such a container may comprise a body defining a reservoir containing the product to be dispensed, one end of which is closed by a bottom, the other end being surmounted by said valve, the means for actuating the valve consisting of a push button which may have means of broadcast for product release.
- a container can be presented in particular in the form of a flexible pocket, possibly placed inside a body rigid, a tube, or a can.
- the diffusion means consist of a nozzle, in particular vortex, a grid, or a porous tip, in particular a sintered or open cell foam.
- the product can consist of a styling product, in particular a hairspray, a spray or a mousse, or a deodorant, or a care product, in particular a milk, an oil, a cream or a gel.
- the container 100 shown in Figure 1 is in the form of a container, for aluminum example, comprising a body 101, one end 102 of which is closed by a bottom 103.
- the other end 104 is open and is surmounted a valve 1 mounted on a cup 105, set on a rolled edge 106 of the can.
- the valve 1 is crimped or clipped onto the cup 105.
- a push button 109 is mounted on the valve so as to allow actuation of the valve 1, and the diffusion of the product via an outlet nozzle 107.
- a dip tube 108 is connected to valve 1, and descends substantially to the bottom 103 of the container.
- the valve will be the subject of a detailed description with reference to FIGS. 2A-2C and 3A-3C.
- the valve 1 comprises mainly a body 2, the bottom 3 of which has an orifice 4 at its center surrounded by an axial chimney 7, arranged outside the valve body 2, and intended to receive a dip tube 108.
- the end of the valve body opposite the bottom 3, is open.
- the edge delimiting the opening 5 of the body of valve 2 forms on its outer surface a bead 8 intended for attachment of valve 1 on a valve holder cup 105.
- Said edge also forms inside the valve body 2, a recess intended to receive a seal seal 6.
- the seal 6 is of annular shape, and forms in its center a opening, in which is slidably mounted a sealing rod valve 9.
- the valve stem 9 comprises a first part 10, forming a passage for outlet of the product, in the form of a tubular element, and intended for mounting an actuation and distribution device (not shown), such as a pushbutton.
- the valve stem 9 also includes a second part emerging 11, isolated from the first and intended for pressurization atmospheric, via an orifice 15, of a compartment 12 of a regulation 13.
- the orifice 15 is made in the bottom 18 of the valve stem.
- AT inside the compartment 12 of the regulation chamber 13, is disposed a calibrated spring 14 intended to supply the regulation set point and which will be discussed in more detail later.
- the first part 10 of the valve stem comprises a passage 17, passing radially through the tubular element.
- the regulation chamber 13 is formed of a body 20, arranged coaxially inside the valve body 2, of which the upper end is closed by the bottom 18, and the lower end of which is closed by a bottom 21.
- a movable piston 22 Inside the regulation chamber 13, is slidingly mounted a movable piston 22, sealingly isolating the upper compartment 12, and a lower compartment 23.
- a spring 14 Inside the compartment 12 is arranged a spring 14 whose, the restoring force urges the movable piston 22 towards the bottom 21.
- the insulation between the compartment upper 12 and lower compartment 23 is improved by the presence a thin membrane 24, in particular made of elastomeric material, and the peripheral edge is integral with the inner wall of the body of the chamber regulation.
- the piston is isolated from the calibrated spring 14 by said membrane, preferably obtained by overmolding or bi-injection with the body of the regulation chamber.
- the bottom 21 of the regulation chamber 13 is pierced in its center with an orifice 25 forming an inlet orifice for the regulation chamber.
- the body 20 of the regulation chamber 13 is crossed, near the bottom 21, by an orifice 26 forming an outlet orifice for the regulation chamber 13.
- the piston 22 is integral with a rod 27, arranged axially.
- the rod 27 passes through the orifice 25, and has its free end ending by a plate 28 with an outside diameter greater than the diameter of the orifice 25.
- the rod, for its part has an outer section less than the section of the orifice 25, so as to allow the product to pass between the interior walls of the orifice 25 and the rod 27.
- the rod 27 is of sufficient length to be able to go from the closed position of the inlet port shown in the figure 2C, in the closed position of the outlet orifice 26, shown in the figure 2A.
- a seal 31 is placed around the rod 27, in contact with the plate 28, so as to seal the inlet orifice 25 of the regulation chamber 13, in the event of overpressure inside the regulation.
- the piston 22 extends on the side opposite to the compartment 12 by a portion annular skirt 29, of decreasing thickness in the direction of the bottom 21.
- the relative position of the skirt portion 29 relative to the orifice outlet 26, changes, so as to more or less clear the outlet orifice 26, and regulating the product outlet flow rate through the orifice 26.
- a sealing is carried out all around the regulation chamber, between the body 20 of the regulation chamber 13 and the internal wall of the valve body 2 at by means of a sealing lip 30, advantageously obtained by molding with the body 20 of the regulation chamber 13, and located near the bottom 21 of the regulation chamber 13, below the outlet orifice 26.
- valve stem 9 is actuated, that is to say pressed in against the return force of the spring 16, which causes the release the outlet passage 17.
- the pressure inside the compartment 23 is substantially equal to the pressure exerted by the spring calibrated 14.
- the piston 22 is in an equilibrium position such that the inlet orifice 25 is not blocked by the plate 28.
- the skirt portion 29 is above the orifice 26, which is entirely free.
- the product enters the regulation by the orifice 25, leaves the regulation chamber by the orifice 26, and is routed in the tubular part 10 of the valve stem 9, via the passage of exit 17.
- calibrated spring 14 is chosen so as to allow optimal distribution of the product and a cessation of distribution as soon as the product can no longer be dispensed or sprayed under acceptable conditions due to pressure too weak.
- FIGS. 2A-2C illustrate a variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 2A-2C.
- the regulation chamber 13 does not have any means for closing the inlet orifice.
- the closing means of the outlet orifice consist of a skirt portion 29, integral with the piston 22, and having an orifice 40 whose position by with respect to the outlet 26 determines the output flow of the product.
- stop means 41 are provided for so as to limit the ascent of the piston in the regulation chamber, in order to never completely block the outlet in the event of overpressure in the regulation chamber.
- valve stem is actuated, that is to say pressed against of the return force of the spring 16, which causes the passage to be cleared outlet 17.
- the pressure inside the compartment 23 is substantially equal to the pressure exerted by the calibrated spring 14.
- the piston 22 is in an equilibrium position such that port 40 is substantially in alignment with the outlet orifice 26.
- the product enters the regulation chamber through port 25, exits regulation chamber through the orifice 26, and is conveyed in the tubular part 10 of the valve stem 9, via the exit passage 17.
- the orifice 40 of the skirt 29 is no longer opposite the outlet orifice 26, which is completely closed by the skirt 29 (see FIG. 3A), which interrupts definitively product distribution.
- the force of the calibrated spring 14 is chosen so as to allow an optimal distribution of the product, and a stop of the distribution as soon as the product can no longer be distributed or sprayed in acceptable conditions, due to too low pressure.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Description
- le figure 1 représente un mode de réalisation d'un récipient équipé d'une valve selon l'invention;
- les figures 2A-2C illustrent de façon schématique un premier mode de réalisation d'une valve selon l'invention; et
- les figures 3A-3C illustrent de façon schématique un second mode de réalisation d'une valve selon l'invention.
Claims (16)
- Valve (1), en particulier pour récipient aérosol, comprenant à l'intérieur d'un corps de valve (2) : a) un passage d'entrée (4) en. communication avec l'intérieur du récipient et un passage de sortie (10) en communication avec l'extérieur ; b) des moyens (9) pour, en réponse à une commande d'actionnement, mettre le passage de sortie (10) en communication avec le passage d'entrée (4) c) des premier moyens de rappel élastiques (16) pour solliciter la valve (1) en position fermée; et d) des moyens de régulation de débit de sortie du produit, (12-14, 22, 25, 26, 28, 29) comprenant des second moyens de rappel élastiques (14) pour fournir une pression de consigne pour lesdits moyens de régulation, les second moyens de rappel élastiques (14) étant disposés dans un compartiment (12), isolé du produit, la pression à l'intérieur dudit compartiment (12) étant égale à la pression atmosphérique, caractérisée en ce que le compartiment (12) est disposé à l'intérieur du corps de valve (2).
- Valve selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que les moyens de régulation de débit (12-14, 22, 25, 26, 28, 29) comprennent une chambre de régulation (13), disposée entre le passage d'entrée (4) et le passage de sortie (10), ladite chambre de régulation comportant un orifice d'entrée (25) et un orifice de sortie (26), des moyens d'obturation (28, 29), montés sur lesdits second moyens de rappel élastiques (14) étant prévus pour, en fonction de la pression entre l'orifice d'entrée (25) et l'orifice de sortie (26), modifier le degré d'ouverture de l'orifice d'entrée (25) et/ou de sortie (26), lesdits second moyens de rappel élastiques (14) étant disposés dans un compartiment (12) de la chambre de régulation (13), isolé du produit par un piston mobile (22), et maintenu à la pression atmosphérique.
- Valve selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que le piston mobile (22) est solidaire desdits moyens d'obturation (28, 29).
- Valve selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'obturation (28, 29) comprennent des premier moyens d'obturation (29) de l'orifice de sortie (26), constitués d'une jupe annulaire (29) portée par le piston (22) et disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de régulation (13), et dont la position par rapport à l'orifice de sortie (26) détermine le degré d'ouverture de ce dernier.
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4 caractérisée en ce que le piston mobile (22) est monté coulissant à l'intérieur de la chambre de régulation (13), une membrane souple (24) étant disposée dans la chambre de régulation (13) entre ledit piston (22) et les second moyens de rappel élastiques (14), de manière à isoler de manière étanche le piston (22) desdits second moyens de rappel élastiques (14).
- Valve selon la revendication 5 caractérisée en ce que la membrane souple (24) est surmoulée ou bi-injectée avec le corps de la chambre de régulation (13).
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6 caractérisée en ce que des moyens de butée (41) sont prévus pour, en cas de surpression à l'intérieur de la chambre de régulation (13), maintenir un débit minimum de sortie du produit.
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7 caractérisé en ce les moyens d'obturation (28, 29) comprennent en plus des second moyens d'obturation (28), solidaires du piston mobile (22) pour, en fonction de la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de régulation (13), modifier le degré d'ouverture de l'orifice d'entrée (25) de la chambre de régulation (13), lesdits premier et second moyens d'obturation (28, 29) étant agencés de sorte qu'en position fermée de l'orifice d'entrée (25), l'orifice de sortie (26) soit au moins partiellement ouvert.
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8 caractérisée en ce que l'orifice d'entrée (25) est disposé dans le fond (21) de la chambre de régulation, l'orifice de sortie (26) étant situé sur une paroi latérale de la chambre de régulation (13), à distance d du fond (21) de la chambre de régulation, une lèvre annulaire (30) assurant l'étanchéité entre la chambre de régulation (13) et le corps de valve (2), tout autour de ladite chambre de régulation, ladite lèvre d'étanchéité (30) étant disposée axialement entre le fond (21) de la chambre de régulation et l'orifice de sortie (26).
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisée en ce que le passage de sortie (10) est formé d'une tige de valve (9, 10) solidaire de la chambre de régulation (13), ladite chambre de régulation (13) étant montée sur lesdits premier moyens de rappel élastiques (16), ladite tige de valve (9, 10) comportant une partie émergente hors du corps de valve, et formant un canal de sortie pouvant être mis en communication avec le corps de valve via un passage (17) traversant radialement la tige de valve (9, 10).
- Valve selon la revendication 10 caractérisée en ce que, en position fermée de la valve (1), le passage radial (17) est maintenu en regard d'un joint d'étanchéité (6) situé dans la partie supérieure du corps de valve (2).
- Valve selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 11 caractérisée en ce que, lorsque la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de régulation (13) descend sous une valeur prédéterminée, les moyens d'obturation (29) obturent de manière étanche l'orifice de sortie (26) de la chambre de régulation, de maniéré à interrompre la distribution de produit.
- Récipient (100) pour la distribution sous pression d'un produit, équipé d'une valve (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12.
- Récipient (100) selon la revendication 13 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps (101) définissant un réservoir contenant le produit à distribuer, et dont une extrémité (102) est fermée par un fond (103), l'autre extrémité (104) étant surmontée de ladite valve (1), le moyen d'actionnement de la valve étant constitué d'un bouton poussoir (109).
- Récipient selon la revendication 14 caractérisé en ce que le bouton poussoir comporte des moyens de diffusion (107) pour la sortie du produit, les moyens de diffusion (107) étant constitués d'une buse, notamment tourbillonnaire, d'une grille, ou d'un embout poreux, notamment un fritté ou une mousse à cellules ouvertes.
- Utilisation d'un récipient selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15 pour le conditionnement et la distribution sous pression d'un produit de coiffage, notamment une laque, un spray ou une mousse, ou d'un déodorant, ou d'un produit de soin, notamment un lait, une huile, une crème ou un gel.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9800720 | 1998-01-23 | ||
FR9800720A FR2774077B1 (fr) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | Valve a regulation de debit de sortie, et recipient equipe d'une telle valve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0931734A1 EP0931734A1 (fr) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0931734B1 true EP0931734B1 (fr) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=9522091
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98403289A Expired - Lifetime EP0931734B1 (fr) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-12-23 | Valve a régulation de débit de sortie, et récipient équipe d'une telle valve |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6145712A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0931734B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3024112B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2257485A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69811848T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2194292T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2774077B1 (fr) |
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JP5663417B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2015-02-04 | 株式会社吉野工業所 | スプレー容器 |
BR112015004185B1 (pt) | 2012-09-14 | 2020-09-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Composições antiperspirantes em aerossol e produtos |
US9108782B2 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2015-08-18 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Dispensing systems with improved sensing capabilities |
WO2014089358A1 (fr) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-12 | Pada Medical Products, Llc | Régulateur de pression et d'écoulement pour récipients sous pression |
CN103612835B (zh) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-09-09 | 北京北机机电工业有限责任公司 | 阀体结构及设置该阀体结构的粉剂瓶 |
US9579265B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2017-02-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Aerosol antiperspirant compositions, products and methods |
US9662285B2 (en) | 2014-03-13 | 2017-05-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Aerosol antiperspirant compositions, products and methods |
WO2016161338A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-01 | 2016-10-06 | Graham Packaging Company, L.P. | Structure et procédé d'étanchéification d'un ensemble fermeture sur la finition de col d'un récipient en plastique sous pression |
GB2579628B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-07-21 | Corplex Plastics Uk Ltd | Bag side connector for a BIB package |
KR102534856B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-24 | 2023-05-22 | 주식회사 인더케그 | 케크캡 및 상기 케그캡을 구비한 케그 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2618290A (en) * | 1949-09-22 | 1952-11-18 | Liquid Carbonic Corp | Throttling valve for refrigeration |
US2781950A (en) * | 1953-01-08 | 1957-02-19 | Tanra Mfg Co | Dispensing valve |
US3666148A (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1972-05-30 | Gillette Co | Aerosol valve with safety relief device |
US3913804A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1975-10-21 | Robert H Laauwe | Aerosol valve actuator |
FR2559567B1 (fr) * | 1984-02-10 | 1986-07-11 | Valois Sa | Valve doseuse pour recipient contenant un produit sous pression |
FR2667673B2 (fr) | 1990-04-03 | 1993-03-19 | Oreal | Valve autobloquante, notamment pour recipient aerosol. |
US5415328A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1995-05-16 | Kyowa Industrial Co., Ltd. | Spray mechanism of aerosol product |
-
1998
- 1998-01-23 FR FR9800720A patent/FR2774077B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-23 EP EP98403289A patent/EP0931734B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 ES ES98403289T patent/ES2194292T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-23 DE DE69811848T patent/DE69811848T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-01-19 CA CA002257485A patent/CA2257485A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-01-20 US US09/233,064 patent/US6145712A/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-01-22 JP JP11014831A patent/JP3024112B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-04-03 US US09/824,036 patent/USRE38207E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3024112B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 |
JPH11263385A (ja) | 1999-09-28 |
FR2774077B1 (fr) | 2000-04-07 |
EP0931734A1 (fr) | 1999-07-28 |
CA2257485A1 (fr) | 1999-07-23 |
FR2774077A1 (fr) | 1999-07-30 |
DE69811848T2 (de) | 2003-09-04 |
USRE38207E1 (en) | 2003-08-05 |
US6145712A (en) | 2000-11-14 |
DE69811848D1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
ES2194292T3 (es) | 2003-11-16 |
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