EP0924474B1 - Air outlet for a ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an air outlet for ventilation systems for the ventilation of rooms, in particular hall-like rooms, which is arranged at the outlet of an air supply channel and at least one propulsion jet for a propulsion jet and at least an exit field adjacent to the motive nozzle for Towing air, wherein the motive nozzle and the exit field are supplied directly with supply air from the air supply channel and an entrance area of the motive nozzle extends over a cross-sectional area of the air supply passage.

From WO95 / 01537 an air outlet of the above Kind known. With such an air outlet should unpleasant drafts are avoided and sufficient Air are discharged through the exit field, so that the kinetic energy provided by the motive nozzle essentially only for acceleration and transport the trailing air is available, with no noteworthy Vortex of the room air to be induced. In the known Air leakage this is achieved in that the free passage cross section of the Treibdüse attributable Part of the exit field is larger than that of the motive nozzle, but has a higher resistance to passage. This ensures that the air outlet through the air supply duct can be acted upon by a common air source. at the well-known air outlet, it has been found desirable the distribution between motive air and drag air to adapt to the room conditions, without the benefits to give up this system.

The invention is based on the object, an air outlet to improve the type mentioned.

This object is achieved in that at the outlet means for Influencing the air flow in the air supply channel arranged are, with which the air flow through the motive nozzle and their entry area and divided by the exit field in relation to each other becomes. Advantage of the air outlet according to the invention is that by a definitive distribution of the air flow on the Exit field and the motive nozzle the beam characteristics of into the room entering air to the conditions of the room can be adapted. It is by the means of influencing the air flow the difference between the flow velocities of the propulsion jet and the exit field emerging trailing air a dynamic pressure gradient generated at the exit. This causes drag air is pulled along by the propulsion jet and this "sheathed", so that the kinetic energy of the motive jet is almost complete for the transport of the trailing air stands.

While it is possible in principle, the means of influencing provide the air flow firmly mounted in the air duct, is provided in a development of the invention that the means for influencing the air flow adjustable are formed. The air outlet can thus be changing Room conditions, such as conversions or subsequent Built-in, be adapted without the ventilation system to rebuild in this area.

An embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the means for influencing the air flow at least one Have flow divider, by the amount of air the motive nozzle and the exit field is split. Of the Flow divider makes it possible that needed for the propulsion jet Air to a larger or smaller area of the air supply channel and according to the exit field to supply a smaller or larger amount of air, in total constant air volumes.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the means for influencing the flow of air through at least one at least the outlet field upstream throttle device educated. Through the throttle device with its penetration resistance can affect the respective flow rates the amount of air supplied to the motive nozzle and the exit field Influence, and so the distribution of air volumes through the motive nozzle and through the exit field. The passage resistance is set so that the Pressure difference between the faster flowing propellant jet and the slowly flowing towing air on the room side of the air outlet, a suction of the trailing air around the Driving jet causes. The throttle device can be so be specified that turbulence in the propellant jet avoided become. This makes it possible in particular, a low-noise Air discharge to achieve.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized achieved in that the throttle device at least two transversely in Direction of air flow and preferably at a distance one behind the other having arranged perforated plates. The perforated plates represent a flow resistance, the free Passage cross section determined by the area of all holes becomes. Preferably, the perforated plates are spaced from each other arranged so that the air flow through the perforated plates is essentially turbulent. The turbulence effect a loss of speed energy. The perforated plates are preferably provided in the area in front of the exit field, such that a substantially lossless air flow can be done through the motive nozzle.

In one embodiment of this air outlet are two identical Perforated plates are provided which abut one another or at a distance to each other, transverse to the direction of the air flow and one behind the other are arranged. By moving the perforated plates each other, the penetration resistance can be changed. Furthermore, it is possible that one of the perforated plates Part of the exit field is what the construction of the air outlet simplified.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the means for influencing the air flow more relative mutually pivotable, lamellar flow guide elements For guiding and / or inhibiting the air flow. This makes it possible, the lamellar flow guide substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of Align air in the air supply duct, making it easier Flow resistance reduce the flow velocity. Be the flow guide with its surface in adjusted to an angle to the flow direction is achieved that the supply air in the air supply channel according to the angle setting the Strömungsleitelemente as needed in the area the motive nozzle or the exit field is passed. Consequently In addition to the increase in the penetration resistance is also a Flow division achieved, with the desired difference between the air flow through the motive nozzle and through the Output field are adjustable. It is particularly useful if several lamellar flow guide individually and / or in groups at an angle to the direction of flow are adjustable.

Appropriately, the air outlet is designed so that the means for influencing the flow of air as a cassette in the air supply channel can be inserted and pulled out. Thus are Adjustments to special room requirements or even repairs possible.

Another favorable embodiment of the invention has a inclined towards the axis of the driving air channel Exit field on, at the same time a shield against the room air forms. As a result, a disturbing access of room air in the jet directly at the air outlet largely prevented.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the drive nozzle in the air supply channel against the flow direction the air-projecting pre-channel is assigned. Thereby becomes the Treibdüse a substantially undisturbed air flow fed through the pre-channel to interference by deflections to the exit field and by guide elements in the Field of the exit field is shielded. This ensures that that a "clean" undisturbed propulsion jet can train.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the Vorkanal at its entrance with relatively pivotable lamellar Strömungsleitelemnenten the Change of the air passage is provided. That's it possible, independent or dependent on each other the influx from air to the motive nozzle and to the exit field.

In a further embodiment of the invention is also provided that at an air outlet with at least one against the axis of the propulsion jet aligned exit field the side facing away from the exit field at least one side outlet is arranged. This makes it possible in addition to that introduced into the room, over the Treibstrahl induced air jet on one or on both sides additional amounts of air with low flow velocity to enter the room.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht des Luftaustritts im Querschnitt mit Strömungsteiler,

Fig. 2

eine Stirnansicht des Luftaustritts gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht des Luftaustritts mit lamellenförmigen Strömungsleitelementen,

Fig.

eine Seitenansicht des Luftaustritts mit einer Drosselvorrichtung in Form von Lochplatten,

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht einer anderen Form eines Luftaustritts im Querschnitt mit gleichförmig verstellbaren, lamellenförmigen Strömungsleitelementen,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht des Luftaustritts gemäß Fig. 5 mit gegenläufig verstellbaren, lamellenförmigen Strömungsleitelementen,

Fig. 7

einen Luftaustritt mit zwei Austrittsfeldern und Strömungsteiler,

Fig. 8

eine Frontansicht eines Luftaustritts gemäß Fig. 4, 5, 6 und 7,

Fig. 9

eine Aufsicht auf den Luftaustritt gemäß Fig. 4, 5, 6 und 7,

Fig. 10

eine Abwandlung der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 5 mit Vorkanal für die Treibdüse,

Fig. 11

eine Abwandlung der Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 10.

Fig. 12

eine Ausführungsform gem. Fig. 10 mit Seitenauslaß.

The invention will be explained with reference to schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it

Fig. 1

a side view of the air outlet in cross section with flow divider,

Fig. 2

an end view of the air outlet of FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a side view of the air outlet with lamellar flow guide elements,

FIG.

a side view of the air outlet with a throttle device in the form of perforated plates,

Fig. 5

a side view of another form of air outlet in cross section with uniformly adjustable, lamellar flow guide elements,

Fig. 6

5 shows a side view of the air outlet according to FIG. 5 with oppositely adjustable, lamellar flow guide elements, FIG.

Fig. 7

an air outlet with two exit fields and flow divider,

Fig. 8

a front view of an air outlet of FIG. 4, 5, 6 and 7,

Fig. 9

a plan view of the air outlet of FIG. 4, 5, 6 and 7,

Fig. 10

a modification of the embodiment acc. 5 with Vorkanal for the motive nozzle,

Fig. 11

a modification of the embodiment acc. Fig. 10.

Fig. 12

an embodiment gem. Fig. 10 with side outlet.

The in Fig. 1 in a side view and in Fig. 2 in a Front view shown Air outlet is as a final component 1 is formed for escape to an air supply channel 2. The air outlet 1 is formed from substantially a plurality of blowing nozzles 3 for generating driving jets, the can be pivotally mounted, so that the beam axis 7 of the each generated propellant jet adjustable in its angular position is. The propulsion nozzles 3 is an exit field 4 for Associated with trailing air, for example through a perforated plate is formed and that in the illustrated embodiment is located above the level of the driving nozzles 3. In Fig. 2, the perforated plate is schematically through the Crosshatching shown. The exit field 4 is here designed so that its surface not only above the Austreibdüsen 3 but also clearly on both sides extending into the room. Now the air supply channel 2 applied to the supply air, so part of this occurs Air through the blowing nozzles 3 in the form of several propulsion jets into the room. The other part of the air is over the Exit field initiated into the room. The passage cross sections the driving nozzles on the one hand and the total passage cross-section the exit field 4 on the other hand, as well as the corresponding Durchflußwiderstände the driving nozzles 3 on the one hand and the exit field 4 on the other hand are so on each other tuned that the flow velocity of the propulsion jets in Area of the nozzle orifice is about two to five times higher as the emerging from the exit field 4 drag air.

Such an air outlet 1 is in the room to be ventilated at a corresponding distance above the floor at a to be ventilated workshop, for example, at an altitude of over 3 m, introduced into the room. In order to prevent that in this case by the blowing air jets emerging from the propulsion nozzles 3 a room air vortex is induced, are in the Air outlet according to FIG. 1, the propellant nozzles 3 with respect to the room by a shield 5, for example in the form of a cover plate, covered, so that in the first place from the Exit field 4 emerging drag air from the propulsion jets taken in the room. The propulsion jets can expand upwards and take almost exclusively Schleppluft from the exit field 4 with, where through the trailing air because of the relatively low Flow rate only a small amount of room air in the introduced supply air is mixed in this way. The speeds can be set so that the Arrangement acts in the manner of a source ventilation. At a Flow velocity of the air in the propulsion jets of for example 5 to 20 m / sec and a flow velocity the trailing air of 1 to 4 m / sec respectively measured in the exit plane, then results in isothermal Operation an average speed of the supply air at a distance of about 5 m from the relevant exit surface the air outlet of about 30 to 120 cm / sec. The Schlepfluft is here by the propulsion jets in the room carried in. When the supply of cold air in the room can it be expedient, as indicated in Fig. 1, by a pivoting the jet axis 7 of the drive nozzle 3 upwards the Drag air into the room, so the cold air as far as possible into the room, so that the supply air ultimately can sink to the ground over a large area.

Influencing the "beam characteristic" of the space escaping air by pivoting the drive nozzles. 3 is often not enough, because the distribution of air volumes fixed by the design of the exit field 4 is. The ratio of the flow velocities of the exit field 4 and the driving nozzles 3 and thus the respective passing through these two areas of the air outlet Air quantities can be controlled by a means 6 for influencing the Air flow in the air supply channel 2, here in the form of a flow divider 6.1 be set, which is practically over the entire width of the air supply channel 2 extends. Of the Flow divider 6.1 is pivotally mounted and can in the direction the arrow is pivoted and in any desired angular position be determined. Depending on its angular position the air flow is divided in the air supply channel 2 and on the exit field 4 and the driving nozzles 3 distributed. hereby in each case changes the partial air flow through the propellant nozzles 3, as well as the flow rate in each case in relation to the partial air volume and the flow rate at the exit field 4.

The "zero position" of the flow divider 6.1 is given when it is aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the air supply channel 2 is. In the illustrated angular position of the flow divider the air flow is absorbed by a substantial part passed the motive nozzle and thereby accelerated. By Turbulence behind the flow divider 6.1 in front of the exit field 4, the air flow is slowed down in this area. This causes the propulsion jet from the exit field. 4 withdrawn drag air can continue to carry in the room. Becomes the flow divider 6.1 pivoted in the opposite direction, then becomes a small amount of air via the propulsion jets into the room entered at lower flow rate, d. H. the "throw distance" is reduced. At the same time increases in the air supply channel 2 with the increased amount of air in front of the exit field 4, the dynamic pressure, so that here increased accordingly Amount of air passes through the exit field 4 into the room, but over a correspondingly shorter distance from the Driving jets is entrained. The total amount of air remains essentially constant.

In Fig. 3 is an arrangement of an air outlet as shown in FIG. 1 shown. The air outlet is arranged vice versa, especially in the supply of hot air in a high Hall is appropriate. Here then the shield 5 arranged above the air outlet and the beam axis. 7 is swiveled down. The emerging from the air outlet Warm air can thus be pushed down into the room become. The air outlet 1 has as a means 6 for influencing the air flow in the air supply channel 2, a throttle device 6.2. The throttle device 6.2 has in Area of the exit field 4 a plurality of lamellar flow guide elements 8 on, each individually or in groups are pivotally mounted. In each case, the area a flow guide 8 inclined to the air flow become. This arrangement can also be used with a flow divider 6.1 be combined in the area of the exit field 4. But it can also be a second, independently operable arrangement Such flow guide 8 in front of the driving nozzles. 3 be arranged in the air supply channel 2.

The lamellar flow guide elements 8 each change after angular position the penetration resistance of the exit field 4, so that the drag air quantity compared to the blowing air is changed. It is thus reinforced air through the motive nozzles 3 headed.

In Fig. 4 is a modification of the embodiment of FIG. 1 shown. In this embodiment, besides one wall-shaped shield 5 of the propellant nozzles 3 with respect to the room down a shielding of the driving nozzles 3 upwards in Form of a channel-like extension 9 is provided, as Perforated 4.1 formed end face the exit field. 4 forms, so that the exit plane of the exit field 4 the Exit level of the driving nozzles 3 projects beyond in the beam direction.

Before the perforated plate 4.1 is in the air supply channel 2 at a distance a perforated plate 6.3 arranged. The perforated plate 6.3 is opposite the perforated plate 4.1 slidably, so that on the one hand at lowest penetration resistance the holes in the flow direction are aligned and with increased penetration resistance the holes depending on the displacement in the flow direction are arranged more or less staggered. By the Arrangement of the perforated plate 6.3 is in front of the exit field 4 a the displacement generates corresponding turbulence, the one correspondingly changed resistance to passage result Has. Also with this arrangement is the change in the air flow distribution and influencing the "beam characteristic" the air escaping into the room is possible.

All of the above-described embodiments can be used with flow dividers be combined. Also the version without a shield 5 is possible.

In Fig. 5 is a preferred modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4. Here is the channel-like extension 9, which also forms the shield of the motive nozzle 3, designed so that the exit plane of the exit field 4 aligned at an angle to the beam axis 7 is, wherein the outlet openings of the exit field of the Beam axis 7 are facing. Here again it is possible to design the exit field 4 in the form of a perforated plate so that the outlet openings against the jet axis are directed. The embodiment according to FIG the arrangement of the driving nozzles 3 both with single nozzle arrangement as well as with multiple arrangement approximately in the Embodiment of FIG. 8 are executed. By the inclined Arrangement of the exit field 4 results here first a good mixing of delivered over the supply channel Air quantities in the form of blowing air and drag air with corresponding slowing down of the flow velocity, so that at a touch of the outer edges of this slow "Zuluftstrahls" induced only a small amount of room air vortex becomes. The term "perforated plate" also includes differently designed ones grid-shaped structures. For the ventilation of a Hall are at the air supply channel 2 at appropriate intervals Air outlets of the type described above arranged.

In this embodiment, each is in the transition region from the air supply channel 2 to the two-sided channel-like extensions 9 each have a means 6 for influencing the Flow in the form of lamellar flow guide elements 8 arranged in the structure and mode of action of Fig. 3 have already been described.

In the illustrated embodiment, the flow guide elements 8 arranged in a reference plane 10 side by side, in turn at an angle to the exit plane is inclined. The flow guide 8 can in the same direction from a "closed position" on the full open position, d. H. with perpendicular to the reference plane 10 aligned flow guide 8 to others Be pivoted "closed position". This will not only affects the amount of air, but depending on the orientation of the in the channel-like extension entering airflow also the pressure drop and thus the penetration resistance.

Fig. 6 shows an embodiment with counter-pivoting Flow guiding elements 8.

FIG. 7 shows the basic arrangement according to FIG. 5, however, with two flap-like flow dividers 6.1, over the according to the operation described with reference to FIG. 1 on the formation of the "beam characteristic" influence can be taken.

In Fig. 8 the air outlet of FIG. 5 to 7 in front view shown. There are four in a row next to each other Treibdüsen 3 provided. The driving nozzles 3 are double-sided each of an exit field 4 of the channel-like extensions 9 surmounted.

Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of FIG. 8 in a plan view.

All of the air outlet shapes described above can each be arranged at the end of an air supply channel 2 or but also a branch off to the side of a main channel Complete the side channel.

Preferably, the embodiments of the means 6 for influencing the air flow, as with reference to FIGS. 3, 5 and 6 can be described as a unit in a cassette summarize, which can be exchanged as an insert element and connected to the air outlet.

The adjustment of the means 6 can be unique during installation done by hand. With changing operating requirements but is also the arrangement of a controllable actuator appropriate.

FIG. 10 is a modification of that described with reference to FIG Embodiment shown so that the previous Description can be referenced. At this Embodiment, the drive nozzle 3 is assigned a Vorkanal 11, the against the flow direction of the air in the air supply channel 3 is aligned. This Vorkanal 11 may vary depending on Design of the air outlet cylindrical or rectangular be formed, such as in the embodiment gem. Fig. 8. In several juxtaposed Propulsion nozzles 3, each drive nozzle a separate Vorkanal be assigned. Through this Vorkanal 11 is the inflow to the motive nozzle 3 against eddies and disturbances from the area of the deflection to the lateral exit field 4 shielded. The inlet area of the pre-channel 11 may, must but not, with lamellar flow directors 8 be provided.

In Fig. 11 is a comparison with FIG. 10 modified embodiment shown. In this embodiment, the Drive nozzle 3 arranged laterally to the exit fields 4, for example, above the exit fields 4 and that way, that the beam axis is inclined to the ground. That's it possible a targeted deflection of the supplied air jet, For example, to effect towards the ground, wherein over the Means 6 for influencing the flow of air within the Air outlet set the strength of the propellant air jet can be and also the flow velocity, in particular but also the volumetric flow of the underlying Outgoing fields 4 tuned into the room entering air volume can be. Again, the acts of the drive nozzle. 3 emerging jet as a means of entrainment over the Outlet 4 supplied amounts of air.

In Fig. 12, a modification of the embodiment is gem. FIG. 10 is shown. In this embodiment, the air outlet with a side outlet corresponding to the exit field 4 13 provided. The side outlet 13 can in this case upwards and / or pointing down, d. H. it is also possible to have one corresponding side outlet at the bottom of the air outlet to arrange. Also the side outlet 13 are corresponding associated lamellar flow guide 8.

By the arrangement of flow directors, not only affect the direction of air flow in the air outlet, but by the also the free flow cross section in front of the Treibdüse 3 and / or changed at least one exit field 4 can be, is an even more accurate adjustment of the air outlet possible. So can the speed of the Treibdüse leaking air to adapt to the space be reduced. The resulting reduction in the Towing effect on the air outlet field can be achieved by a corresponding Increase in the air flow in the air outlet to Exit field by increasing the free cross section and / or reducing the pressure losses by adjusting the Guiding elements are compensated.

Claims (13)

1. Air outlet for ventilation systems for ventilating room spaces, especially hangar-type room spaces, which outlet is positioned at the exit of an air supply channel and has at least one jet nozzle for a motive stream and at least one exit portal for entrained air adjacent to the jet nozzle, jet nozzle and exit portal being supplied with incoming air directly from the air supply channel, and an inlet area of the jet nozzle extending over a cross-sectional area of the air supply channel,
   characterised in that
   at the outlet, a means (6) of influencing the air flow is positioned in the air supply channel (2), by which the air throughput through the jet nozzle (3) and its inlet area and through the exit portal (4) are divided relative to each other.
2. Air outlet as in claim 1,
   characterised in that
   the means (6) of influencing the air flow is made so that it can be adjusted.
3. Air outlet as in claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that
   the means (6) of influencing the air flow has at least one flow separator (6.1) by which the air volume is divided between the jet nozzle (3) and the exit portal (4).
4. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that
   the means (6) of influencing the air flow is formed by at least one throttle device (6.2) placed at least at the exit portal (4).
5. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that
   the throttle device (6.2) has at least two perforated plates (6.3) positioned at right angles to the direction of air flow and preferably at a distance from each other.
6. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that
   the perforated plates (6.3) can be moved in relation to each other in the plane of the plates in order to change the aperture resistance, the lowest aperture resistance being achieved at a setting of the plates at which the holes are in line with each other in the direction of flow.
7. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that
   the means (6) of influencing the air flow has a number of fin-like flow guide elements (8), which can be pivoted in relation to each other, for guiding and/or restricting the air stream.
8. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that
   the means (6) of influencing the air flow is made in the form of a cassette (12) which can be inserted into and removed from the air supply channel (2).
9. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that
   the flow guide elements (8) are positioned alongside each other in a datum plane (10), and in that these datum planes are positioned at an angle to the plane of the exit portal (4).
10. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that
    the exit portal (4) is positioned at an angle to the axis of the motive stream and at the same time forms a screen (5) against the ambient air.
11. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterised in that
    a pre-channel (11) which protrudes into the air supply channel (2) against the direction of air flow is allocated to the jet nozzle (3).
12. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that
    the pre-channel (11) has, at its inlet, fin-like flow guide elements (8) which can be pivoted in relation to each other in order to change the air throughput.
13. Air outlet as in one of claims 1 to 12, having at least one outlet portal (4) which is positioned at an angle to the axis (7) of the motive stream,
    characterised in that
    at least one lateral outlet (13) is positioned on the side facing away from the outlet portal (4).

Images