EP0914548B1 - Abgaskrümmer für verbrennungsmotoren und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Abgaskrümmer für verbrennungsmotoren und verfahren zu seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0914548B1 EP0914548B1 EP98932045A EP98932045A EP0914548B1 EP 0914548 B1 EP0914548 B1 EP 0914548B1 EP 98932045 A EP98932045 A EP 98932045A EP 98932045 A EP98932045 A EP 98932045A EP 0914548 B1 EP0914548 B1 EP 0914548B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic converter
- manifold
- exhaust manifold
- catalyst
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
- F01N3/2857—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines, consisting of at least one manifold pipe with its End flanges arranged and with one in a straight, extended section of the manifold pipe arranged Catalyst.
- the invention also relates to a casting core and a method of manufacturing the exhaust manifold.
- the exhaust gas from gasoline or diesel engines contains substances such as HC, CO, No x and other environmentally harmful components.
- the emission of these pollutants must be kept as low as possible. Particularly high emissions are released into the atmosphere during the start-up and warm-up phases, since the combustion in the engine cylinders is still incomplete during the start-up and cold-running phases. In this cold-running phase, the substances HC, CO and other particles are still contained in the exhaust gases in high concentrations.
- catalysts are almost always arranged in the exhaust pipe connected to the engine on the exhaust gas, the task of which is to convert the pollutants into neutral components.
- EP-A-761 939 discloses an exhaust manifold catalyst arrangement where the manifold and parts of the adjacent catalyst housing are cast in one piece.
- the catalyst substrate With catalytic effective ingredients used.
- Via a separate, end part closing the catalytic converter housing with connecting flange is the manifold-catalytic converter assembly with a further exhaust pipe can be connected.
- the invention is based, while maintaining the task an arrangement of catalysts as close as possible to the cylinder head an exhaust manifold and a suitable manufacturing process to create that can be produced with reasonable effort and the outside except the connection flanges for the cylinder head and the advanced exhaust pipe from projecting, space-consuming Fasteners is free.
- exhaust manifold or "manifold pipe” is the part of entire exhaust system flanged to the engine to understand the connection between the engine or cylinder head and the Exhaust pipe leading exhaust pipe forms, the manifold depending on the number of cylinders corresponding branch line pieces having.
- a flange and screw connection of the otherwise usually arranged in a separate housing catalyst on the exhaust manifold is omitted because the catalyst according to the invention in the exhaust manifold is cast in and with this an integral Building unit forms, i.e., because all and ultimately additional assembly work and space-requiring flange connections is also a compact, which is usually eliminated in modern vehicles, confined spaces in the engine compartment appropriate accommodation of the containing the catalyst Exhaust manifold allows only the connection to the cylinder head of the engine in question.
- the catalyst suffers from its catalytically active Coating, as has been shown and as mentioned, by the heat entered by molten cast iron no damage, and also an undesirable loss of efficiency of the cat could not be determined.
- By rapidly cooling the melt given the small wall thickness, neither washcoat nor Catalytic noble metal entry on the catalyst is negatively affected.
- After machining the manifold flanges is the Exhaust manifold with cast-in integrated catalytic converter ready for installation. It can easily be wound metal catalysts or catalysts in the form of ceramic monoliths be cast around.
- Another advantage of the invention is the "self-adaptation" the liquid melt at the usually tolerances having catalyst.
- the circumference of the cast Catalyst result thanks to the cast integration the same radial stresses everywhere, regardless of whether there are any geometrical deviations such as out-of-roundness, taper or other shape defects available.
- the exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines as an exemplary embodiment is still shown at least one manifold pipe 1 arranged at its ends Connection flanges 2 and with one in a straight, expanded Section 3 of the manifold pipe 1 arranged catalyst 4.
- Fig. 1, 2 is for such an exhaust manifold now essential that the catalyst 4 as a "lost core" in straight section 3 of the manifold pipe cast in one piece 1 is arranged, i.e. the entire exhaust manifold with its in 1, for example, only shows an outer shape including the catalyst integral unit that Ready for installation with their top four branch line connections 2 on the cylinder head ZK of an otherwise not shown four-cylinder engine flanged in a conventional manner and to the lower, leading to the muffler (also not shown) Exhaust pipe AL is connected.
- Fig. 6 C is the "Total core” according to the invention in its preferred embodiment also shown, i.e. the two connections or Manifold cores 8,8 'are in their attachment areas to Catalyst 4 provided with circumferential beads 9 that the joints between the manifold cores and the end faces 5 and thus the Cover foils 7.
- foils 7, which consist, for example, of suitable paper, on the end faces 5,5 'of the catalyst 4 for the fact that in no case core sand from those to be placed on the front Manifold cores 8,8 'due to unfavorable circumstances Kat coating in the flow channels 4 '(only schematically in Figure 3 indicated) can reach the catalyst 4, the Powder filling in the channels 4 'on the one hand for support of the two thin protective films 7 and on the other hand for this ensures that no film remains in their "burning away" during the Gusses get into the flow channels 4 ', which the catalyst effect would affect.
- the catalyst 4 is ceramic acts, this is advantageous with a so-called inflatable mat 12 (e.g. fleece made of refractory fibers with embedded vermiculite particles) envelops, which swells when heated and the ceramic monoliths forming the catalyst safely in the cast Exhaust manifold fixed. Also painting the ceramic monolith with so-called slip can be considered become.
- an inflatable mat 12 it is required, as also indicated in Fig. 3, after cover the top and bottom with so-called fade protection rings 13. To further move such an inflatable mat 12 To prevent the casting process, this can be done with the outer surface of the catalyst 4 glued and / or with a winding thin wire 14 (see Fig. 4) can be fixed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- Fig.1
- perspektivisch den erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmer mit eingegossenem Katalysator;
- Fig.2
- im Schnitt den Abgaskrümmer gemäß Fig.1;
- Fig.3
- stark vergrößert und im Teilschnitt den Anordnungsbereich des Katalysators im Abgaskrümmer;
- Fig.4
- die Anordnung des "Gesamtkernes" in einer entsprechenden Negativgießform;
- Fig.5
- einen Teilschnitt durch.einen gewickelten Katalysator aus Metall und
- Fig.6
- schematisch die Verfahrensschritte A bis D zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmers.
Claims (9)
- Abgaskrümmer für Verbrennungsmotoren, bestehend aus mindestens einem Krümmerrohr (1) mit an seinen Enden angeordneten Anschlußflanschen (2) und mit einem in einem geraden Abschnitt (3) des Krümmerrohres (1) angeordneten Katalysator (4)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Katalysator (4) wie ein "verlorener Kern" im geraden, in Bezug auf das Krümmerrohr (1) erweiterten Abschnitt (3) des in einem Stück gegossenen Krümmerrohres (1) mit eingegossen ist und Katalysator (4) und Abgaskrümmer ein integrales, einbaufertiges Bauteil bilden. - Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gußwand (1') des Krümmerrohres (1) im Bereich der Stirnflächen (5) des Katalysators (4) in Form einer umlaufenden, unterhalb der Stirnflächenebenen (E) ansetzenden Hohlkehle (6) ausgebildet ist. - Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aus Metall gewickelt ausgebildete, Katalysator (4) mit einer dünnwandigen, mit Verankerungmittel (11') versehenen Hülse (11) aus warmfesten, zunderbeständigem Stahl umgeben ist. - Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aus einem Keramik-Monolithen gebildete Katalysator (4) mit einer Blähmatte (12) oder mit einer Schlickerlage umhüllt ist. - Gießkern zur Herstellung des Abgaskrümmers nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kern aus dem Katalysator (4) und den daran angesetzten, miteinander verankerten Anschluß- bzw. Krümmerkernen (8,8') gebildet ist, zwischen denen und den Stirnflächen (5) des Katalysators (4) Verschlußfolien (7) für die Durchströmkanäle (4') des Katalysators (4) angeordnet sind. - Gießkern nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Durchströmkanälen (4') des Katalysators (4) eine Füllung aus rieselfähigem, feinkörnig bis staubförmigen, keramischen und/oder metallischen Pulver angeordnet ist. - Gießkern nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Krümmerkerne (8,8') im Ansatzbereich zu den Stirnflächen (5) des Katalysators (4) mit umlaufenden, die Fugen zwischen Katalysator und Krümmerkernen(8,8') überdeckenden Wülsten (9) versehen sind. - Verfahren zur Herstellung des Abgaskrümmers nach jedem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stirnflächen des Katalysators mit unter Hitzeeinwirkung beim Gießen sich verflüchtigenden Folien verschlossen, dann an die verschlossenen Stirnflächen die beiden Anschlußkerne angesetzt und diese miteinander verankert werden und der Gesamtkern in die Negativgießform eingesetzt und der Raum zwischen Gesamtkern und Negativgießform ausgegossen wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst die eine Stirnfläche des Katalysators mit einer der Folien verschlossen, dann die Durchströmkanäle des Katalysators mit einem rieselfähigen, feinkörnig bis staubförmigen, hitzebständigen, keramischen und/oder metallischen Pulver gefüllt und die andere Stirnfläche des Katalysators ebenfalls mit einer entsprechenden Folie verschlossen wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19718853 | 1997-05-03 | ||
DE19718853A DE19718853A1 (de) | 1997-05-03 | 1997-05-03 | Abgaskrümmer für Verbrennungsmotoren und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
PCT/DE1998/001213 WO1998050687A1 (de) | 1997-05-03 | 1998-05-01 | Abgaskrümmer für verbrennungsmotoren und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0914548A1 EP0914548A1 (de) | 1999-05-12 |
EP0914548B1 true EP0914548B1 (de) | 2002-07-31 |
Family
ID=7828615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98932045A Expired - Lifetime EP0914548B1 (de) | 1997-05-03 | 1998-05-01 | Abgaskrümmer für verbrennungsmotoren und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0914548B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE221615T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19718853A1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL193602B1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK181198A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998050687A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100309839B1 (ko) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-11-01 | 이계안 | 차량용 배기가스의 후처리 장치 |
DE10145876A1 (de) * | 2001-09-18 | 2003-04-10 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Druckgussbauteils mit einem Kern und einem Einlegeteil |
DE10159158A1 (de) * | 2001-12-01 | 2003-06-18 | Deutz Ag | Abgassammeldämpfer mit integriertem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem |
US6725656B2 (en) | 2001-12-07 | 2004-04-27 | Dan T. Moore Company | Insulated exhaust manifold |
AU2002346693A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-23 | Dan T. Moore Company | Insulated exhaust manifold having internal catalyst support body |
DE20302615U1 (de) * | 2003-02-17 | 2004-07-15 | Tower Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hohlformteil mit geschlossenem Querschnitt und einer Verstärkung |
DE102004018693B4 (de) * | 2004-04-17 | 2007-09-06 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Abgasanlage |
EP3190279B1 (de) * | 2014-09-03 | 2019-05-08 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Abgasvorrichtung für einen verbrennungsmotor |
CN109296435B (zh) * | 2018-09-06 | 2024-07-05 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种改善发动机冷态启动排放的排气歧管结构 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE453968B (sv) * | 1985-02-01 | 1988-03-21 | Kanthal Ab | Gjuten metallkropp och sett att framstella densamma |
JPH05140700A (ja) * | 1991-11-15 | 1993-06-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | フエライト系耐熱鋳鋼部材及びその製造法 |
EP0761939A1 (de) * | 1995-08-16 | 1997-03-12 | General Motors Corporation | Krümmer-Umwandler |
-
1997
- 1997-05-03 DE DE19718853A patent/DE19718853A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-05-01 AT AT98932045T patent/ATE221615T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-05-01 WO PCT/DE1998/001213 patent/WO1998050687A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-05-01 EP EP98932045A patent/EP0914548B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-01 DE DE59804978T patent/DE59804978D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-01 PL PL98330715A patent/PL193602B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-05-01 SK SK1811-98A patent/SK181198A3/sk unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL330715A1 (en) | 1999-05-24 |
EP0914548A1 (de) | 1999-05-12 |
PL193602B1 (pl) | 2007-02-28 |
ATE221615T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
WO1998050687A1 (de) | 1998-11-12 |
DE59804978D1 (de) | 2002-09-05 |
DE19718853A1 (de) | 1998-11-05 |
SK181198A3 (en) | 1999-05-07 |
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