EP0897515A1 - Gastherme - Google Patents
GasthermeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0897515A1 EP0897515A1 EP97951824A EP97951824A EP0897515A1 EP 0897515 A1 EP0897515 A1 EP 0897515A1 EP 97951824 A EP97951824 A EP 97951824A EP 97951824 A EP97951824 A EP 97951824A EP 0897515 A1 EP0897515 A1 EP 0897515A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- gas
- thermal
- burner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gas boiler with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
- Gas heaters of the generic type are known. These have a thermal source fed by a gaseous energy source. Natural gas or liquid gas are used as gaseous energy sources. The thermal source has a burner through which the gas is burned. The resulting thermal energy is fed to a heat exchanger, by means of which a medium, for example water or air, is heated.
- the gas boilers commonly referred to as water heaters for generating Brauchwarmwasse 'r or as a combination boilers for generating the demand for heat (hot water, heating) are used of a house hold electric power auxiliary equipment.
- auxiliary devices such as, for example, burner igniters, solenoid valves, control electronics, circulation pumps, etc.
- auxiliary devices are used to operate, monitor and control or regulate the gas boiler and are hereinafter referred to as auxiliary devices.
- auxiliary devices In order to cover the electrical energy requirement of the auxiliary devices, it is known to either connect the gas heaters to an energy supply network or to equip them with an exchangeable and / or rechargeable electrical storage device.
- thermo-electric generators are connected to a heat source and a heat sink within the gas heaters. Due to the temperature gradient occurring at the thermoelectric generator, an electrical voltage is generated which can be used to operate the auxiliary devices.
- thermoelectric generators When using the thermoelectric generators, a large temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink is desirable for their effective use, since this influences the provision of the required electrical power by the thermoelectric generator.
- the exhaust gas heat flow from the thermal source is a suitable heat source for the thermoelectric generator in the gas boiler.
- temperatures are reached in the exhaust gas that are above the maximum permissible temperatures for the heat source of the thermoelectric generator.
- the heat source of the thermo-electric generator should be brought to a necessary operating temperature as quickly as possible in order to reduce the thermal inertia, the influence on the time period between the start of the gas heater and the provision of the necessary electrical power through the thermo-electric generator has to be reduced to a minimum.
- the gas boiler according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that the maximum temperature available in the gas boiler can be used to control the thermoelectric generator without it being heated above its maximum permissible operating temperature. Because the thermoelectric generator is connected to the thermal source via a controllable heat exchanger, the amount of heat made available to the thermoelectric generator can be adapted to the operating conditions of the gas boiler. Especially when starting the gas heater, the heat source of the thermo-electric generator can be brought up to its operating temperature very quickly. Furthermore, fluctuations in the power of the gas heaters can be compensated for via the controllable heat exchanger without this having a significant influence on the provision of the required electrical power by the thermoelectric generator.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a thermoelectric generator according to a first embodiment
- Figures 2 and 3 are schematic plan views of the arrangement of Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of a thermoelectric generator according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 1 Figures schematic arrangements of a thermal 5 to 7 electrical generator according to further embodiments.
- a gas boiler 10 is shown schematically in a side view in FIG. Only the components essential for the explanation of the invention are shown, since the structure and function of a gas boiler is generally known.
- the gas heater 10 has a burner 14 which is arranged within a combustion chamber 12 and is connected to a gas supply line.
- the burner 14 is on a lower one Arranged end of the combustion chamber 12 so that when the burner 14 is ignited, the hot exhaust gases emanating from the combustion flames 16 indicated here rise upwards due to their thermals.
- An exhaust gas heat flow of the hot exhaust gases is passed through a heat exchanger, not shown, via which water flowing through a line 18 is heated.
- the line 18 is arranged, for example, starting from a cold water inlet 20 in a spiral around the heat exchanger and ends in a hot water outlet (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the gas heater 10 has a thermoelectric generator 22 which has thermal connection contacts 24 and 26 and electrical connection contacts (not shown).
- the thermal connection contact 26 is connected to a heat sink of the gas heater 10.
- the thermal connection contact 26 is, for example, in thermally conductive contact with the line 18 in the vicinity of the cold water inlet 20.
- the line 18 thus forms the heat sink of the thermoelectric generator 22.
- the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 is connected to a heat source of the gas heater 10 via a heat exchanger 28, which consists of a thermally highly conductive material.
- the hot exhaust gas coming from the burner 14 serves as the heat source, that is to say the thermal source of the gas boiler 10.
- the heat exchanger 28 is, for example, rod-shaped and projects into the combustion chamber 12, so that the combustion chamber 12 Flames 16 generated hot exhaust gas passes through the heat exchanger 28.
- a heat conducting device 30 is assigned to the heat exchanger 28 and is arranged to be horizontally pivotable about a fixed point 32.
- the heat conducting device 30 can consist, for example, of a sheet metal which is connected to the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 via a bimetal 34.
- FIG. 1 performs the following function, which is illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 each show the thermal connection contact 24, the heat exchanger 28, the heat-conducting device 30 and the bimetal 34 in a schematic plan view.
- the other parts shown in FIG. 1 have not been shown for reasons of clarity.
- the starting position of the heat-conducting device 30 is shown in FIG. This starting position is given, for example, when the gas boiler 10 is switched off.
- the hot exhaust gas from the combustion flames 16 rises and thereby heats the heat exchanger 28.
- the thermal connection contact 24 becomes thermal conduction of the heat exchanger 28 brought to its operating temperature T x .
- this operating temperature T x is reached very quickly. is sufficient so that the thermal inertia of the thermoelectric generator 22 is low.
- thermoelectric generator 22 Since the thermal connection contact 26 of the thermoelectric generator 22 is at the same time thermally conductively connected to the line 18, through which cold water flows through when the gas heater 10 is switched on, there is a relatively short time between the thermal connection contacts 24 and 26 a sufficiently large temperature difference, which is sufficient for the provision of a required electrical power by the thermoelectric generator 22 in this short period of time.
- the electrical connection contact 24 would be heated above its maximum permissible operating temperature T max by heat conduction via the heat exchanger 28.
- the current operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 is tapped via the bimetal 34 and converted into a pivoting movement of the heat-conducting device 30 connected to the bimetal 34 around the fixed point 32.
- the heat-conducting device 30 pivots horizontally below the heat exchanger 28 about the fixed point 32, so that direct contact of the combustion flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases emanating from them with the heat exchanger 28 is minimized.
- the degree of coverage of the heat exchanger 28, seen in plan view, with the burner 14 or its combustion flames 16 is thus increased with increasing drive temperature T x reduced.
- the heat supply from the combustion flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases emanating from them is throttled to the heat exchanger 28, so that the heat supply to the thermal connection contact 24 is throttled.
- the pivotable heat-conducting device 30 thus controls the heat exchanger 28 as a function of the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermo-electric generator 22 by allowing a more or less large exhaust gas heat flow to reach the heat exchanger 28.
- the thermal output of the burner 14 and thus the exhaust gas heat flow emanating from it can change, in particular in the case of thermal output regulators. If the thermal output of the burner 14 is reduced, the exhaust gas heat flow is reduced and thus less
- Heat is transferred to the heat exchanger 28 so that the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24 drops. Is Consequently, cools the coupled to the terminal contact 24 'bimetal 34, and the heat-conducting device 30 is pivoted in the direction of its initial position so that the -in plan view as seen degree of coverage of the heat exchanger 28 increases again to the torch 14 and exposed with a correspondingly larger area of the exhaust heat power .
- the heat exchanger 28 is controlled as a function of the thermal output of the burner 14 via the operating temperature T x of the thermal connection contact 24.
- FIG. 1 A further embodiment variant of the arrangement of a controllable heat exchanger 28 is shown in FIG.
- the heat exchanger 28 itself is designed as a bimetal 36 and is pivotably mounted in the vertical direction about the fixed point 32.
- the heat exchanger 28 In the initial state, that is to say when the gas heater 10 is switched off, the heat exchanger 28 assumes its initial position shown in FIG. 4 in a horizontal position. As a result, the heat exchanger 28 is in relative proximity to the burner 14.
- the heat exchanger 28 When the gas heater 10 is switched on, the heat exchanger 28 is directly exposed to the exhaust gas heat flow, so that the heat exchanger 28 heats up relatively quickly, and this due to the large heat gradient between the heat exchanger 28 and the thermal connection contact 24 brings the connection contact 24 to its operating temperature T x in a relatively short time.
- the heat exchanger 28 designed as a bimetal 36 With increasing operating temperature T x , the heat exchanger 28 designed as a bimetal 36 becomes around the fixed point 32 pivoted upward, so that the distance to the burner 14 increases. As a result, the heat exchanger 28 is arranged in an area within the combustion chamber 12 in which the temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow is reduced, so that the heat gradient between the heat exchanger 28 and the thermal connection contact 24 is reduced and the heat supply to the connection contact 24 is reduced. This also ensures here that the thermal connection contact 24 is not heated above a maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22.
- the thermal connection contact 26 is in turn thermally conductively connected to the line 18 in the vicinity of the cold water inlet 20.
- a medium flowing through the line 18, in particular water, is heated via a heat exchanger 38 and emerges from a hot water outlet 40 as domestic hot water.
- the one formed as a bimetal 36 heat exchanger 28 shown in Figure 4 instead of a vertical pivotal movement • a horizontal pivoting movement about the fixed point 32 out, so that this is moved out of the exhaust heat power the burner 14 and an inadmissible heating of the thermoelectric generator 22 is thus counteracted.
- the heat exchanger 28 is controlled as a function of the operating temperature T x or the thermal output of the burner 14.
- the thermal inertia of such an arrangement is low since the mass of the heat exchanger 28 is very small and, due to its controllability, it can be exposed to a temperature adapted to the operating state of the gas boiler 10 or of the thermoelectric generator 22.
- the heat gradient between the heat source for the thermo-electric generator and the thermal connection contact 24 can thus be optimally adjusted so that there is rapid heating to the operating temperature T x .
- FIG. 5 A further embodiment variant is shown in FIG. 5, in which the same parts are again provided with the same reference numerals.
- the thermal connection contact 24 is coupled here via a heat exchanger 42, which forms a heat exchanger 44, to the line 18 in the vicinity of the hot water outlet 40.
- the heat exchanger 42 is exposed to the exhaust gas heat flow from the burner 14 within the combustion chamber 12.
- the amount of heat absorbed by the exhaust gas heat flow is both given off the thermal connection contact 24 as well as to the line 18.
- the amount of heat given off by the exhaust gas heat flow depends on the operating state of the burner 1. This in turn is determined by a flow rate through line 18, that is, the greater the flow rate, the higher the thermal output of the burner 14.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow and thus the amount of heat given off to the heat exchanger With a change in the thermal output of the burner 14, the temperature of the exhaust gas heat flow and thus the amount of heat given off to the heat exchanger.
- the coupling of the heat exchanger 42 to the line 18 through the heat exchanger 44 ensures that the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22 cannot be exceeded. If the amount of heat given off by the exhaust gas heat flow to the heat exchanger 42 exceeds the maximum allowable for the connection contact 24, the excess amount of heat is automatically given off via the heat exchanger 44 to the line 18.
- the heat exchanger 42 is arranged depending on the structural conditions of the gas heater 10 in such a way that it is not possible to exceed the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermo-electric generator 22 at maximum output of the gas heater 10 and at a minimum thermal output of the gas heater 10 the necessary operating temperature T x of the thermoelectric generator 22 is reached.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show further design variants of gas heaters 10 with a controlled heat exchanger 28.
- the structure and mode of operation are the same as those already explained for FIG. 1 Gastherme 10 comparable, so that reference is made to the description there.
- the heat exchanger 28 is provided with a heat-dissipating device 46.
- the heat dissipation device 46 is formed by a heat conducting plate 48 which is in contact with the heat exchanger 28 on the one hand and with a heat sink on the other hand.
- the heat conducting plate 48 can, for example, be formed in one piece with the heat exchanger 28 or can be attached to it in a thermally conductive manner by means of suitable measures.
- the heat-conducting plate 48 engages the heat exchanger 28 at a point which — viewed in the direction of heat flow — lies from the burner 14 after the thermal connection contact 24. According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
- the heat sink is formed by a jacket 50 of the combustion chamber 12, to which the heat conducting plate 48 is connected in a thermally conductive manner.
- the heat sink is formed by the line 18, through which a medium to be heated or a medium cooling the combustion chamber 12 flows.
- the heat exchanger 28 is heated very quickly via the combustion flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases emanating from them. Since the heat exchanger 28 consists of a thermally highly conductive material of low mass, the thermal connection contact 24 of the thermoelectric generator 22 brought to its operating temperature T x in a relatively short time. If the operating temperature T x reaches the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22, excess heat is dissipated via the heat dissipation device 46. Since the heat exchanger 28 in the area of the thermal contact 24 and the heat sink, in FIG Jacket 50 and in FIG. 2 of line 18, there is a temperature difference, heat is dissipated away from heat exchanger 28 via heat conducting plate 48.
- the heat exchanger 28 experiences, via the burner 14, a heat absorption through the temperature difference between the thermal connection contact 24 and the burner flames 16 or the hot exhaust gases, and a heat removal in the form of a heat emission to the thermo-electric generator 22 and a heat dissipation via the heat conducting plate 48.
- the temperature regime at the thermal connection contact 24 can be designed such that when the gas heater 10 starts, the thermal connection contact 24 reaches its operating temperature T x very quickly and the maximum operating temperature T max of the thermoelectric generator 22 is not exceeded during continuous operation of the gas boiler.
- the heat conduction paths and the heat conduction cross sections it can be achieved that at the thermal connection contact 24 the the amount of heat conducted via the heat exchanger 28 is equal to the amount of heat dissipated via the thermoelectric generator 22 and the heat conducting plate 48, the heat dissipation via the heat conducting plate 48 only starting when the thermoelectric generator 22 has reached its operating temperature T x or the operating temperature T x approaches the maximum operating temperature T max . As with the other design variants, this ensures that the operating temperature T x is reached quickly and prevents the maximum operating temperature T max from being exceeded.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Control For Baths (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19704928 | 1997-02-10 | ||
DE19704928 | 1997-02-10 | ||
DE19719766 | 1997-05-10 | ||
DE19719766A DE19719766A1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-05-10 | Gastherme |
PCT/DE1997/002813 WO1998035190A1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-12-03 | Gastherme |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0897515A1 true EP0897515A1 (de) | 1999-02-24 |
EP0897515B1 EP0897515B1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
Family
ID=26033796
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97951824A Expired - Lifetime EP0897515B1 (de) | 1997-02-10 | 1997-12-03 | Gastherme |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0897515B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000508760A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1216097A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9709119A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998035190A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101650068B (zh) * | 2008-08-12 | 2012-05-02 | 广东万和新电气股份有限公司 | 带有热电转换装置自供电的强排燃气热水器 |
CN102444986B (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2014-04-16 | 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 | 一种实现经济运行的双能源热水供应系统及其运行方法 |
CN107448928A (zh) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 广东海翔教育科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保燃气炉 |
KR102080899B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-02-24 | 김진동 | 수소산소 혼합가스를 이용한 가열 장치 |
-
1997
- 1997-12-03 BR BR9709119A patent/BR9709119A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-03 EP EP97951824A patent/EP0897515B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-03 JP JP10533495A patent/JP2000508760A/ja active Pending
- 1997-12-03 CN CN 97193756 patent/CN1216097A/zh active Pending
- 1997-12-03 WO PCT/DE1997/002813 patent/WO1998035190A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9835190A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1216097A (zh) | 1999-05-05 |
EP0897515B1 (de) | 2001-09-26 |
WO1998035190A1 (de) | 1998-08-13 |
BR9709119A (pt) | 1999-08-03 |
JP2000508760A (ja) | 2000-07-11 |
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