EP0853215A2 - Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0853215A2 EP0853215A2 EP98105588A EP98105588A EP0853215A2 EP 0853215 A2 EP0853215 A2 EP 0853215A2 EP 98105588 A EP98105588 A EP 98105588A EP 98105588 A EP98105588 A EP 98105588A EP 0853215 A2 EP0853215 A2 EP 0853215A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- combustion
- combustion chamber
- inlet
- secondary air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
- F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
- F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
- F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G2205/20—Waste feed arrangements using airblast or pneumatic feeding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2207/00—Control
- F23G2207/40—Supplementary heat supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/50001—Combination of two or more furnaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for Burning dusty materials, especially Activated coke dust from filter systems contaminated with pollutants, Sewage sludge dust and the like, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a device according to the preamble of the independent Claim 1 is known from DE-B-1 024 191.
- This Document describes a "cyclone firing", where a fuel (fuel dust) air mixture via entry slots with Twist (rotary motion) is inserted into a cyclone muffle.
- Combustion air (primary air) is also also introduced with twist, with the same direction of rotation like the fuel-air mixture.
- outlet slots for secondary air (secondary air) arranged such that the Second air also flows in with swirl, namely in the the fuel dust-air mixture opposite direction of the opposite inlet and either with the same or with the opposite direction of rotation as the fuel-air mixture.
- EP-A-0 409 037 describes a different combustion chamber in that than doing no counterflow of primary and Secondary air, but only rectified, moving towards of an output described swirling flows are.
- this publication is also not concerned with the special problem of thermal destruction of Pollutants.
- This document describes one first substoichiometric combustion with primary and secondary air as well as a subsequent complete combustion by means of excess air achieved by tertiary air, however must the substoichiometric combustion according to the overall disclosure this document obviously with a extremely serious lack of air ( ⁇ «1) because the The temperature remains "below the ash softening point" should, i.e. below 1100 ° C. So it is about a relatively lower temperature than the subsequent one complete combustion.
- the present invention has for its object a Device for burning such contaminated materials to create, with what is structurally simple as well compact structure the special, for safe pollutant destruction required combustion conditions on simple Are controllable.
- the combustion device should preferably for a continuous Material throughput are suitable, so that an economical Operation especially in direct combination with such facilities is possible in which the contaminated Materials.
- the combustion device has a Combustion chamber with a one-sided inlet opening for the burning material and one opposite the inlet opening Exhaust opening for combustion Flue gases on, in the area of the inlet opening a device for introducing itself with the to be burned, dusty material of primary air mixing and in the area of the outlet opening a device for Introducing secondary air are provided such that the Secondary air on the one hand opposite the primary air in the direction the inlet opening flows and on the other hand into a Swirl flow around an inlet and outlet opening Combustion chamber axis is offset.
- there is an afterburning zone at the outlet in which then - in addition to the primary and secondary air - Tertiary air is introduced.
- the combustion can advantageously be carried out by metering Supply of primary, secondary and tertiary air like this control that overall at least approximately a stoichiometric Combustion is achieved.
- ⁇ For security reasons - to always be complete
- ⁇ To be able to ensure combustion - lies ⁇ according to the invention on the order of about 1.02.
- This extremely small excess air is of decisive advantage in that as a fire temperature drop due to too big Excess air is avoided, i.e. the firing temperature can be kept very high and permanent. It is complete combustion with thermal destruction of all pollutants occurring in practice, in particular also of dioxins.
- the term "complete combustion" means that by the invention in the flue gas only an extraordinary low percentage of unburned substances, namely ⁇ 0.1% is included. The one usually required here The limit value of a maximum of 5% unburned is therefore advantageously far below. Furthermore, the preferred near-stoichiometric combustion also a new formation of dioxins and the like advantageously avoided because of such reactions because of the low Air excess of around 2% in particular is not enough Oxygen is available.
- tertiary air supplied in the afterburning zone can be substoichiometric within the combustion chamber are burned, then total, i.e. through primary, Secondary and tertiary air, preferably approximately stoichiometric Combustion with ⁇ ⁇ 1.02 is achieved.
- the substoichiometric Burning in the combustion chamber leads to a higher combustion temperature and thereby a even safer removal of pollutants, in particular Dioxins.
- the afterburning caused by supplying tertiary air practically leads to a completion of the Incineration in such a way that overall the intended full Combustion is achieved.
- burned can be, for example, when a lower temperature from e.g. about 1200 ° C should be reached.
- a lower temperature from e.g. about 1200 ° C should be reached.
- a very stable combustion due to the homogeneity of the mixture.
- the primary air too is set in a swirl flow, the swirl directions of primary air and secondary air opposed to each other are directed.
- too Tertiary air swirled; are here then the swirl directions of secondary air and tertiary air facing each other.
- the invention Device thus around a "multi-stage counter-swirl burner".
- ⁇ 1
- a Control range of 1:20 can be achieved without that Influencing stability of the flame.
- optimal, complete combustion over a control range guaranteed from full load to 1/20 of full load can be.
- the device is for 1000 kg Designed for full load, even at 1/20, i.e. 50 kg, a complete, optimal combustion can be achieved, even at a temperature of around 1800 ° C.
- FIG. 1 there is an inventive Device 1 for burning dust Materials mainly from a combustion chamber 2 with a one-sided inlet opening 4 for the material to be burned and also for supplied combustion air as well as with a the inlet opening 4 opposite in the throughput direction Outlet opening 6 for flue gases resulting from the combustion.
- the inlet and outlet openings 4, 6 are preferably coaxial arranged to each other, i.e. a combustion chamber axis 8 runs in particular centrally through the inputs and Outlet openings 4, 6.
- the material to be burned is in dust form, i.e. in ground state, supplied via a pipeline 10, this pipeline 10 in the area of the inlet opening 4 flows.
- This material is a certain percentage of air attached so that a dust-air mixture is already from the pipe 10 exit. However, this mixture becomes additional Combustion air supplied.
- the combustion air is initially in primary air P and secondary air S divided, in the area of the inlet opening 4th a device 12 for introducing the to be burned Material mixing primary air P and in Area of the outlet opening 6 a device 14 for insertion the secondary air S are provided such that the Secondary air S, on the one hand, of the primary air P or the air from it resulting dust-air mixture in the opposite direction Inlet opening 4 flows and on the other hand in a Swirl flow around the combustion chamber axis 8 is offset.
- swirl flow of the secondary air S will increase the residence time of the flammable mixture reached within the combustion chamber 2 and also a such intensive swirling and mixing that a almost homogeneous fuel mixture is generated. Result from this optimal combustion conditions.
- the device is 12 to introduce the primary air P only in the form of a short, preferably cylindrical, the inlet opening at the same time 4 tube piece 16 formed such that the primary air P with the entrainment of the combustion Material initially essentially straight, i.e. as approximately homogeneous flow, through the inlet opening 4 in the direction the outlet opening 6 is blown.
- the fuel mixture is then the opposite Swirl flow of the secondary air S intensive swirled.
- the primary air P is formed such that the primary air P taking the material to be burned on the one hand the secondary air S in the direction of the outlet opening 6 flows and on the other hand also in a swirl flow is displaced about the combustion chamber axis 8.
- the swirl direction of the primary air P or of the dust-air mixture the swirl direction of the secondary air S opposite.
- This swirl flap device 18 is to generate the Swirl flow of the primary air P, i.e. as a device 12 for Introducing the primary air P within the inlet opening 4 a swirl flap device 18 with in particular for changing the swirl inclination-adjustable swirl flaps 20 are arranged.
- This swirl flap device 18 is in the manner of a Turbine wheel or an axial fan, wherein the swirl flaps over the circumference of the inlet opening 4 evenly spaced around radial axes are in particular continuously pivotable, namely between an axially aligned arrangement and one approximately vertical arrangement, the opening 4 then almost closed is. This can also have a certain Regulation of the air volume can be achieved.
- serves the swirl flap device 18 for variability in the swirl effect or swirl intensity of the primary air-dust mixture.
- the device 14 for introducing the secondary air S essentially from a surrounding the outlet opening 6 or to the outlet opening 6 concentric blowing ring 22, one in the direction of the combustion chamber 2 conically widening inner surface 24 and several over the Has circumferentially distributed louvers 26.
- This Air slots 26 extend from the outer periphery 28 of the blowing ring 22 to the inner surface 24 and are such aligned that the secondary air supplied from the outside S flows through the louvers 26 and thereby into the in the combustion chamber 2 directed swirl flow is offset.
- the blowing ring is 22 expediently of several individual ring elements 30 formed, each between the louvers 26 form or limit.
- ring elements 30 by means of suitable holding means, not described in detail fixed in position or clamped.
- the blowing ring 22 consists of about twenty-four individual ones Elements, so that a total of twenty-four louvers in an even distribution over the circumference are provided.
- the number of ring elements 30 or Air slots 26 can vary widely, however, in Depending on the design of the burner output and the amount of air required in each case.
- Louvers 26 of the blowing ring 22 in terms of their effective flow cross-section formed in such a nozzle-like manner are that the outside with a certain, i.e. by that required for complete combustion at ⁇ ⁇ 1 Air volume specified, inlet pressure supplied secondary air S through the narrowed louvers 26 one such high flow rate maintains that it penetrates of fuels in the louvers 26 prevented.
- self-cleaning is advantageously practical or self-maintenance of the louvers 26 achieved by the injected secondary air S.
- tertiary air T is supplied.
- Conveniently for this purpose connects to the outlet opening 6 in the direction facing away from the combustion chamber 2 is a post-combustion zone 32 with a device 34 for feeding the Tertiary air T on.
- the combustion inside the combustion chamber 2 sub-stoichiometric with an excess air number or "lack of air" ⁇ ⁇ 1. It can thereby a particularly high temperature to absolute safe destruction of pollutants, especially dioxins, can be achieved.
- the tertiary air T with a volume per unit time is supplied that preferably the overall combustion is approximately stoichiometric ( ⁇ about 1.02).
- the overall combustion is approximately stoichiometric ( ⁇ about 1.02).
- ⁇ about 1.02
- excess air e.g. ⁇ ⁇ 1.9
- the device 34 for supplying the tertiary air T is such trained that the tertiary air T on the one hand in the the combustion chamber 2 opposite direction of the post-combustion zone 32 flows, but on the other hand also in a swirl flow is displaced, whereby the dwell time within the post-combustion zone 32 is increased.
- the swirl directions of tertiary air and secondary air opposed to each other This will make a repeat Mixing and swirling of the fuel mixture reached.
- the device 34 also expediently exists for supplying the tertiary air T from a to the outlet opening 6 concentric blowing ring 36, which in its constructive Design basically that for the secondary air S provided blowing ring 22 corresponds, so that on this For the sake of simplicity, refer to the above statements is referred. To this end, the same or functional corresponding parts with the same reference numerals. Of particular note, however, is that the conical inner surface 24 of the blowing ring 36 into the Combustion chamber 2 extends in the opposite direction. Also are the air slots 26 are also formed in the blowing ring 36, that the tertiary air T has such a high flow rate maintains that it penetrates substances effectively prevented from the flue gases. As tertiary air T cold fresh air is expediently used (with Outside or ambient temperature).
- the primary air P and preferably also the secondary air S before it is introduced into the combustion chamber 2 expediently heated.
- the combustion chamber 2 is delimited by a chamber wall 38 , which in turn is enclosed by an outer jacket 40 in this way is that between the chamber wall 38 and the Sheath 40 a cavity enclosing the chamber wall 38 42 is formed.
- this cavity 42 opens into one of the Outlet opening 6 near area an air inlet 44, and the cavity 42 goes on that facing away from the outlet opening 6 Side in the inlet opening 4 over.
- a helical extending partition 46 arranged such that the Air supplied via the air inlet 44 to the chamber wall 38 flows around helically in the direction of the inlet opening 4. This ensures good and effective heat absorption or heat transfer from the combustion chamber 2 via the Chamber wall 38 reached on the air (heat exchanger). This also contributes to the fact that within the combustion chamber 2 very high firing temperatures can be achieved.
- the chamber wall 38 is advantageously cooled.
- the invention is also Device 1 the combustion chamber 2 with an inner jacket 48 lined with a refractory material.
- the for this are commonly used refractory materials however only up to an average temperature of about Resistant at 1600 ° C. Therefore, it is due to the very high Combustion chamber temperatures of up to 2000 ° C are particularly advantageous, if between the chamber wall 38 and the refractory Inner jacket 48 a cavity enclosing the latter 50 formed for a cooling medium cooling the inner jacket 48 is.
- the secondary air S is used as the cooling medium, for which purpose preferably the via the air inlet 44 and between the Chamber wall 38 and the outer shell 40 formed cavity 42 supplied air in front of the inlet opening 4 Area divided into the primary air P and the secondary air S.
- Burner 54 is used on the one hand for the first ignition in start-up mode the combustion device 1 according to the invention. Once a regular combustion inside the combustion chamber 2 is reached, this burner 54 can be switched off will.
- the pilot and auxiliary burner 54 preferably controlled automatically by a controller, that in the event of an irregularity within the Combustion chamber 2 running combustion of the pilot and auxiliary burners 54 automatically switched on for a certain time becomes.
- the burner 54 switching control for monitoring the one hand in the Combustion chamber 2 running combustion and on the other hand the Flame of the burner 54, in particular photocells or the same sensors.
- the combustion chamber 2 is thus directly on a combustion boiler 56 in particular a waste incineration plant arranged that exiting through the outlet opening 6 Flue gases directly into the combustion chamber 58 of the combustion boiler 56 can be initiated.
- This is preferably Arrangement of the device 1 according to the invention on the combustion boiler 56 chosen such that the flue gases in one Enter the area of the combustion chamber 58 in which one Operating temperature ⁇ 1200 ° C. This is advantageous undercooling the combustion chamber flame Edge influences and streak formation in the firebox are excluded.
- the application according to the invention is suitable for this application Device 1 in particular for burning the in the Waste incineration system of activated coke, advantageously a steady throughput, i.e. a steady Disposal is possible. It also provides thermal support the one running inside the combustion boiler 56 Combustion reached. That from the invention Device 1 originating flue gas is then together with the Flue gases from a conventional incinerator Flue gas cleaning supplied.
- the combustion chamber 2 is a processing device 60 upstream for the material to be burned, which in particular from a grinding device 62 and transport devices 64 exists.
- the one that arises Activated coke from an intermediate silo 66 via a pneumatic one Conveyor system 64a in particular with nitrogen to the Grinding device 62 promoted and there for a secured Burning down the necessary fineness.
- Of the Ground coke dust is then passed through a rotary valve 64b carried out and further by means of the combustion air dosed fed.
- Each unit is separate advantageously designed to have a maximum Active coke can be disposed of continuously. This means, that each combustion boiler with its own combustion device is equipped so that by this Amount of activated coke directly in the boiler can be disposed of again.
- the invention is not based on the illustrated and described Embodiments limited, but also includes all designs having the same effect in the sense of the invention. Furthermore, the invention is not yet based on the Claim 1 defined combination of features limited, but can also be by any other combination of certain characteristics of all of the individual characteristics disclosed be defined. This means that basically practically every single feature of claim 1 omitted or by at least one elsewhere in the registration disclosed individual feature can be replaced. To that extent is claim 1 only as a first attempt at formulation to understand for an invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Verbrenn-Vorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform,
- Fig. 2
- eine Teilansicht in Pfeilrichtung II gemäß Fig. 1 (vgl. auch Fig. 4),
- Fig. 3
- eine Teilansicht in Pfeilrichtung III gemäß Fig. 1 (vgl. auch Fig. 4),
- Fig. 4
- einen Längsschnitt analog zu Fig. 1, jedoch in einer besonders vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
- Fig. 5
- einen Teilbereich der Vorrichtung im Querschnitt in der Schnittebene V-V gemäß Fig. 4,
- Fig. 6
- eine vereinfachte Prinzipdarstellung einer mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ausgestatteten Müllverbrennunganlage und
- Fig. 7
- eine blockschaltbildartige Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit dieser vorgeordneten Zusatzkomponenten zur Aufbereitung und zum Transport des zu verbrennenden Materials.
Claims (20)
- Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien, mit einer Brennkammer (2) mit einer einseitigen Einlaßöffnung (4) für das zu verbrennende Material und einer der Einlaßöffnung (4) gegenüberliegenden Auslaßöffnung (6) für durch die Verbrennung entstehende Rauchgase, wobei im Bereich der Einlaßöffnung (4) eine Einrichtung (12) zum Einführen von sich mit dem zu verbrennenden Material vermischender Primärluft (P) sowie im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung (6) eine Einrichtung (14) zum Einführen von Sekundärluft (S) derart vorgesehen sind, daß die Sekundärluft (S) einerseits der Primärluft (P) entgegen in Richtung der Einlaßöffnung (4) strömt und dabei andererseits in eine Drallströmung um eine durch Ein- und Auslaßöffnung (4, 6) verlaufende Brennkammer-Achse (8) versetzt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich an die Auslaßöffnung (6) - in der aus der Brennkammer (2) führenden Auslaß-Richtung der Rauchgase gesehen - eine Nachverbrennungszone (32) mit einer Einrichtung (34) zum Zuführen von Tertiärluft (T) anschließt, wobei die Einrichtung (14) zum Einführen der Sekundärluft (S) einen die Auslaßöffnung (6) umschließenden Einblasring (22) aufweist, der eine sich in Richtung der Brennkammer (2) konisch erweiternde Innenfläche (24) sowie mehrere über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Luftschlitze (26) besitzt, die sich vom Außenumfang (28) bis zur Innenfläche (24) erstrecken und derart ausgerichtet sind, daß die von außen zugeführte Sekundärluft (S) durch die Luftschlitze (26) strömt und hierdurch in die in die Brennkammer (2) gerichtete Drallströmung versetzt wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (12) zum Einführen der Primärluft (P) derart ausgebildet ist, daß die Primärluft (P) unter Mitnahme des zu verbrennenden Materials zunächst im wesentlichen geradlinig durch die Einlaßöffnung (4) in Richtung der Auslaßöffnung (6) eingeblasen und innerhalb der Brennkammer (2) durch die entgegengerichtete Drallströmung der Sekundärluft (S) verwirbelt wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (12) zum Einführen der Primärluft (P) derart ausgebildet ist, daß die Primärluft (P) unter Mitnahme des zu verbrennenden Materials einerseits der Sekundärluft (S) entgegen in Richtung der Auslaßöffnung (6) strömt und dabei andererseits in eine Drallströmung um die Brennkammer-Achse (8) versetzt wird, wobei die Drallrichtungen der beiden Drallströmungen der Primär- und Sekundärluft (P, S) einander entgegengerichtet sind. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb der Einlaßöffnung (4) eine Drallklappeneinrichtung (18) mit insbesondere zur Drallveränderung neigungverstellbaren Drallklappen (20) angeordnet ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sekundärluft-Einblasring (22) von mehreren einzelnen Ringelementen (30) gebildet ist, die jeweils zwischen sich die Luftschlitze (26) bilden. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftschlitze (26) des Einblasringes (22) hinsichtlich ihres wirksamen Strömungsquerschnittes derart ausgebildet sind, daß die von außen mit einem bestimmten Eingangsdruck zugeführte Sekundärluft (S) durch die Luftschlitze (26) eine derart hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erhält, daß sie ein Eindringen von Verbrennungsstoffen in die Luftschlitze (26) verhindert. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (34) zum Zuführen der Tertiärluft (T) derart ausgebildet ist, daß die Tertiärluft (T) einerseits in die der Brennkammer (2) abgekehrte Richtung der Nachverbrennungszone (32) strömt und dabei andererseits in eine Drallströmung versetzt wird, wobei vorzugsweise die Drallrichtungen von Tertiär- und Sekundärluft (T, S) entgegengesetzt sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (34) zum Zuführen der Tertiärluft (T) einen zur Auslaßlöffnung (6) konzentrischen Einblasring (36) aufweist, der eine sich in die der Brennkammer (2) abgekehrte Richtung der Nachverbrennungszone (32) konisch erweiternde Innenfläche (24) sowie mehrere über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Luftschlitze (26) besitzt, die sich vom Außenumfang (28) bis zur Innenfläche (24) erstrecken und derart ausgerichtet sind, daß die von außen zugeführte Tertiärluft (T) durch die Luftschlitze (26) strömt und hierdurch in die in die Nachverbrennungszone (32) gerichtete Drallströmung versetzt wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Einblasring (36) von mehreren einzelnen Ringelementen (30) gebildet ist, die jeweils zwischen sich die Luftschlitze (26) bilden. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftschlitze (26) des Einblasringes (36) hinsichtlich ihres wirksamen Strömungsquerschnittes derart ausgebildet sind, daß die von außen mit einem bestimmten Eingangsdruck zugeführte Tertiärluft (T) durch die Luftschlitze (26) eine derart hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erhält, daß sie ein Eindringen von Verbrennungsstoffen in die Luftschlitze (26) verhindert. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (2) von einer Kammerwandung (38) begrenzt ist, die ihrerseits von einem Mantel (40) derart umschlossen ist, daß zwischen der Kammerwandung (38) und dem Mantel (40) ein die Kammerwandung (38) umschließender Hohlraum (42) gebildet ist, in den in einem der Auslaßöffnung (6) naheliegenden Bereich ein Lufteinlaß (44) mündet, wobei der Hohlraum (42) auf der der Auslaßöffnung (6) abgekehrten Seite in die Einlaßöffnung (4) übergeht. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß innerhalb des Hohlraumes (42) zwischen der Kammerwandung (38) und dem Mantel (40) eine schraubenlinienför mig verlaufende Trennwand (46) derart angeordnet ist, daß die über den Lufteinlaß (44) zugeführte Luft die Kammerwandung (38) schraubenlinienförmig in Richtung der Einlaßöffnung (4) umströmt. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (2) mit einem Innenmantel (48) aus feuerfestem Material ausgekleidet ist, wobei vorzugsweise zwischen der Kammerwandung (38) und dem feuerfesten Innenmantel (48) ein letzteren umschließender Hohlraum (50) für ein den Innenmantel (48) kühlendes Kühlmedium gebildet ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Kühlmedium die Sekundärluft (S) verwendet wird, wobei vorzugsweise die über den Lufteinlaß (44) und den zwischen der Kammerwandung (38) und dem äußeren Mantel (40) gebildeten Hohlraum (42) zugeführte Luft im vor der Einlaßöffnung (4) liegenden Bereich einerseits in die zur Einlaßöffnung (4) strömende Primärluft (P) und andererseits die durch den Kühlmittel-Hohlraum (50) in Richtung der an der Auslaßöffnung (6) angeordneten Zuführ-Einrichtung (14) strömende Sekundärluft (S) aufgeteilt wird. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
gekennzeichnet durch einen im Bereich der Einlaßöffnung (4) angeordneten, insbesondere mit Leichtöl zu betreibenden Zünd- und Stützbrenner (54). - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zünd- und Stützbrenner (54) von einer Steuerung automatisch so gesteuert wird, daß im Falle einer Unregelmäßigkeit der innerhalb der Brennkammer (2) ablaufenden Verbrennung der Zünd- und Stützbrenner (54) automatisch für eine bestimmte Zeit eingeschaltet wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerung zur Überwachung einerseits der in der Brennkammer (2) ablaufenden Verbrennung und andererseits der Flamme des Zünd- und Stützbrenners (54) jeweils Fotozellen oder dergleichen Sensoren aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennkammer (2) derart unmittelbar an einem Verbrennungskessel (56) insbesondere einer Müllverbrennungsanlage angeordnet ist, daß die über die Auslaßöffnung (6) austretenden Rauchgase in den Feuerraum (58) des Verbrennungskessels (56) eingeleitet werden, und zwar vorzugsweise in einem Bereich des Feuerraumes (58), in dem im Betrieb eine Temperatur ≥ 1200° C herrscht. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Auslaßöffnung (6) austretenden Rauchgase insbesondere über eine Rauchgaskühlung einer Rauchgasreinigung zugeführt und dann in die Atmosphäre geleitet werden. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 19,
gekennzeichnet durch eine der Brennkammer (2) vorgeordnete Aufbereitungseinrichtung (60) für das zu verbrennende Material, die insbesondere aus einer Mahlvorrichtung (62) sowie Transporteinrichtungen (64a,b) besteht.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4409951A DE4409951A1 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1994-03-23 | Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien |
DE4409951 | 1994-03-23 | ||
EP95103739A EP0674134B1 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-03-15 | Verfahren zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialen |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP95103739A Division EP0674134B1 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-03-15 | Verfahren zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0853215A2 true EP0853215A2 (de) | 1998-07-15 |
EP0853215A3 EP0853215A3 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
Family
ID=6513572
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP98105588A Withdrawn EP0853215A3 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-03-15 | Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialien |
EP95103739A Expired - Lifetime EP0674134B1 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-03-15 | Verfahren zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialen |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP95103739A Expired - Lifetime EP0674134B1 (de) | 1994-03-23 | 1995-03-15 | Verfahren zum Verbrennen von staubförmigen Materialen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (2) | EP0853215A3 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE180558T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4409951A1 (de) |
ES (2) | ES2081788T1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000075564A1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-14 | Nunez Suarez, Mario | Pressurized combustion and heat transfer process and apparatus |
WO2002086405A2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Ebara Corporation | Slagging combustion furnace |
CN107702745A (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-16 | 绿色动力环保集团股份有限公司 | 一种垃圾焚烧炉烟气停留时间的在线动态计算方法及系统 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19806823C2 (de) * | 1998-02-18 | 1999-12-09 | Loesche Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung vanadiumhaltiger Brennstoffe |
AT406901B (de) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-10-25 | Andritz Patentverwaltung | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verbrennung von partikelförmigen feststoffen |
DE10140422C1 (de) * | 2001-08-17 | 2002-11-28 | Eisenmann Kg Maschbau | Thermische Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung |
DE102007055113B4 (de) | 2007-11-19 | 2017-05-24 | Volkswagen Ag | Scheibenwischeranlage an einem Fahrzeug |
WO2015069784A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Zheng Shi | Adjusting the flame characteristic within a combustor |
CN104791837A (zh) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-07-22 | 无锡锡能锅炉有限公司 | 具有防焦水冷却装置的链条炉排锅炉 |
CN104949127A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-30 | 李延新 | 一种单一炉体双向燃烧的低氮炉型 |
BE1025864B1 (nl) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-31 | Europem Technologies Nv | Een proces en systeem voor het verbranden van afval |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE1024191B (de) | 1954-06-18 | 1958-02-13 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Mit Kuehlrohren ausgekleidete Zyklon-Brennkammer |
EP0409037A1 (de) | 1989-07-19 | 1991-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennkammer zum Verbrennen zumindest teilweise brennbarer Stoffe |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE1551939A1 (de) * | 1967-12-11 | 1970-07-23 | Srednjeaziatskij Nii Prirodnog | Verfahren zur Temperaturregelung des ueberhitzten Dampfes bei mit Wirbelbrennern versehenen Dampfkesseln und Wirbelbrenner zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens |
FR2063347A5 (de) * | 1969-10-09 | 1971-07-09 | Pillard Freres Et Cie | |
US4408548A (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1983-10-11 | Jorg Schmalfeld | Pulverized coal combustion method and apparatus |
US4532873A (en) * | 1982-05-12 | 1985-08-06 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Suspension firing of hog fuel, other biomass or peat |
DD223796A1 (de) * | 1984-02-27 | 1985-06-19 | Komb Leipziger Metallbau Veb | Verfahren zur verbrennung von holzschleifstaub in industriellen feuerungen |
AT390206B (de) * | 1988-04-22 | 1990-04-10 | Howorka Franz | Einrichtung zum thermischen zerlegen von fluiden schadstoffen |
US5111757A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-05-12 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Dynamic containment vessel |
-
1994
- 1994-03-23 DE DE4409951A patent/DE4409951A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-03-15 ES ES95103739T patent/ES2081788T1/es active Pending
- 1995-03-15 EP EP98105588A patent/EP0853215A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-03-15 EP EP95103739A patent/EP0674134B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-15 ES ES98105588T patent/ES2120399T1/es active Pending
- 1995-03-15 DE DE59505994T patent/DE59505994D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-15 AT AT95103739T patent/ATE180558T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1024191B (de) | 1954-06-18 | 1958-02-13 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Mit Kuehlrohren ausgekleidete Zyklon-Brennkammer |
EP0409037A1 (de) | 1989-07-19 | 1991-01-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennkammer zum Verbrennen zumindest teilweise brennbarer Stoffe |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000075564A1 (en) * | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-14 | Nunez Suarez, Mario | Pressurized combustion and heat transfer process and apparatus |
US6651645B1 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2003-11-25 | Nunez Suarez Rene Maurico | Pressurized combustion and heat transfer process and apparatus |
WO2002086405A2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Ebara Corporation | Slagging combustion furnace |
WO2002086405A3 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-12-19 | Ebara Corp | Slagging combustion furnace |
EP1489354A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2004-12-22 | Ebara Corporation | Verschlackungsöfen |
CN107702745A (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-02-16 | 绿色动力环保集团股份有限公司 | 一种垃圾焚烧炉烟气停留时间的在线动态计算方法及系统 |
CN107702745B (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-12-03 | 绿色动力环保集团股份有限公司 | 一种垃圾焚烧炉烟气停留时间的在线动态计算方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0853215A3 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
DE59505994D1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
ES2081788T1 (es) | 1996-03-16 |
EP0674134B1 (de) | 1999-05-26 |
ES2120399T1 (es) | 1998-11-01 |
ATE180558T1 (de) | 1999-06-15 |
EP0674134A1 (de) | 1995-09-27 |
DE4409951A1 (de) | 1995-09-28 |
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