EP0845435A1 - Trolley for a lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The mechanism comprises at least two running wheels (2) supported on different inner side surfaces of rail hollow profile shaped and downwardly open in the longitudinal direction. The running wheels are rotatably located on a carrier (10) which is connected with a connecting component, on which hangs the load to be lifted and on which at least one support roller is rotatably arranged, which supports on the rail with a component vertical to the support force of a running wheel. The running wheel carrier and the connecting component (3) are supported in one another by a link. The at least one support roller (4) supports in the interior of the rail (7). At least one running roller (6) located in the connecting component supports on at least one outer running surface (15) of the rail with a force which has a component against the force direction of a running wheel.

Description

The invention relates to a chassis of a lifting device, in particular with a laterally projecting boom, according to the preamble of claim 1.

From DE GM 19 56 894 a trolley for trolleys is known, the two Has impellers, each on an inner horizontal side surface of a support in its longitudinal direction downwards open hollow profile rail and are rotatably mounted on an impeller. The impeller is designed that it extends down through the opening of the rail and a Forms connection element on which the load to be lifted hangs. The connector is further provided with a horizontal cross member, on which two by a vertical Axis rotatable support rollers are arranged, each on an outer vertical side surface with a component perpendicular to the supporting force of a Support the impeller.

The disadvantage of this chassis is that the wheels with rigid suspension Rail tend to lift off the treads, making it easy to move Prevents running of the undercarriage within the rail and with an increased Rail wear is connected. In addition, the bearings of the support rollers are in front Pollution not protected.

Furthermore, from DE-GM 18 06 696 a chassis is known, the wheels on the unroll the lower inner surfaces of a double-T beam on both sides of the web and are supported laterally on a U-shaped undercarriage frame, which supports the includes below. To guide the undercarriage are additional on the undercarriage frame Support rollers are provided, which lie opposite each other on both sides of the web. The direction of force of a support roller is opposite to the direction of force other support roller so that the support forces of the support rollers cancel each other.

The undercarriage is driven by one on the outer surface of the lower one Drive roller attached to the flange.

Such a chassis is only suitable for rails that are open to the sides are formed and have a web so that support rollers on both sides of the Bridges can be brought to the plant. With a downward open, however otherwise closed, hollow-profile rail without a web inside is a such chassis not applicable, especially since the wheels are within move the rail on both sides above the opening and therefore not on one U-shaped chassis frames arranged outside the rail can be supported.

Furthermore, from DE-PS 938 480 a chassis for heavy ground or Rail vehicles known in which the wheels are rotatable on an wheel carrier are stored, which in turn is articulated to a chassis frame. over the articulated connection between the wheel carrier and chassis Road bumps are automatically compensated for, without it essentially when the vehicle is raised or lowered. This is particularly the case with heavy vehicles, such as excavators, cranes or the like, an advantage.

However, this solution of a chassis cannot be made in the form of a hollow profile Rail running running gear transfer, where the wheels within the roll off almost closed rail and the load below the rail on the Suspension hangs.

The object of the invention is a movable in a hollow profile rail Design the chassis in such a way that the running wheels can be lifted off the rail experience a louse equalization, so that even with rigid suspension of the rail Smooth running is achieved and heavy wear is prevented.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the in the Claims 1 and 14 specified features. By the characteristic Features of subclaims 2 to 13 and 15 to 18 are the trolleys in advantageously further developed.

The invention provides in a first variant that the impeller carrier and Connection element are supported on one another in a joint that the least supports a support roller inside the rail and that at least one in Connection element mounted roller on at least one outer tread of the Rail with a force that supports a component against the direction of force an impeller. Such a chassis allows Horizontal forces are effective in the side surfaces of the hollow profile-shaped rail initiate, so that there is no destruction or to rigidly suspended rails no heavy wear and no twisting of the chassis and / or the Rail is coming. Jamming of the undercarriage is largely avoided, so that the running gear runs smoothly even when using one vertical axis of the swiveling boom is achieved, the changing vertical forces generated.

Advantageously, the joint is a universal joint that is large Angular range is articulated.

A more stable embodiment results if the at least one support roller on Connection element is rotatably supported in the upper region.

A smoother running of the chassis is achieved in that the wheels in Direction of travel are arranged one behind the other.

The treads are used to ensure self-centering chassis guidance the rail is arranged at an angle to each other and the running surfaces of the wheels are crowned educated.

It has proven to be advantageous for a uniform derivation of the forces in the Side walls proved to have at least two rollable on each side surface To provide support rollers.

The smooth running of the chassis is ensured in particular by the fact that the gimbal-formed hinge from a rigid with the connector connected ball head and a ball socket arranged on the impeller is formed.

It is for the uniform introduction of the horizontal forces into the side walls useful if the support rollers seen in the direction of travel between the wheels are arranged.

A uniform introduction of the horizontal forces is also achieved if the Support rollers seen in the direction of travel are arranged in front of and behind the wheels.

A simple adjustment or adjustment can be achieved in that the from below on a horizontal outer tread formed on the rail adjustable roller via an eccentric bearing in the direction of the rail can be adjusted below, leaving play between the roller and the rail, especially to compensate for rail tolerances. As a result, the after vertical forces directed above are safely guided into the rail.

Good guidance is achieved in that the connection element is on both sides Rollers are arranged and that the rail on both sides horizontal outer Has treads for the rollers.

In order to form a running gear running on two rails from the individual running gears is in particular provided with a boom that can be swiveled about a vertical axis and where there is no jamming even with a heavy load proposed that bogies are in parallel rails and the connection elements are rigidly connected to one another. The horizontal forces are with such an arrangement of the trolleys evenly and effectively in the Rails initiated. Next will be within a given tolerance range lying deviations of the rail parameters in such a chassis balanced without jamming.

A particularly stable undercarriage is obtained by having two in parallel rails arranged to each other on a rail a pair of bogies and a single running gear is provided on the other rail.

In the case of a chassis of a lifting device, in particular with one on the side cantilevered boom that has at least two impellers that are on various inner side surfaces of one open in the longitudinal direction downwards supports hollow profile-shaped rail and rotatably mounted on an impeller are on which a pair of elements for receiving the load is arranged and on the at least one roller is rotatably mounted, which is located on an outside of the Rail supports and the play-free connection between rail and chassis guaranteed, the invention provides in a second variant that the at least a roller itself with a component opposite to the supporting force of a Supported wheel on the rail and that the pair of elements is a ball joint. The use of the ball joint results in a rigid suspension of the rails to reduce the horizontal forces and constraints that occur during operation.

An eccentric connection is proposed for establishing a backlash-free connection Storage.

A simple eccentric bearing results when the roller is on its axis is arranged eccentrically.

Advantageously, the freedom of play can be achieved by setting what a practical adaptation to the conditions of the rail and the chassis enables.

Good running properties are achieved if at least on both sides of the wheel carrier one roller is arranged.

Fig. 1

eine Ansicht eines Fahrwerkes,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch ein Fahrwerk und eine Schiene gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Ansicht einer weiteren Variante eines Fahrwerkes,

Fig. 4

eine Laufkatze eines Hängekrans,

Fig. 5

einen Querschnitt durch zwei starr miteinander verbundene Fahrwerke einer Laufkatze gemäß Fig. 4,

Fig. 6

eine Laufkatze eines Hängekrans mit einem um eine vertikale Achse schwenkbaren Ausleger und

Fig. 7

einen Hängekran mit Laufkatze in schematischer Darstellung.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a view of a chassis,

Fig. 2

2 shows a cross section through a chassis and a rail according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a view of a further variant of a chassis,

Fig. 4

a trolley of a suspension crane,

Fig. 5

3 shows a cross section through two rigidly connected trolleys of a trolley according to FIG. 4,

Fig. 6

a trolley of a suspended crane with a jib that can be pivoted about a vertical axis and

Fig. 7

a hanging crane with trolley in a schematic representation.

Fig. 1 shows a view of a chassis 1 of a rail movable Lifting device. The chassis 1 has one behind the other and seen in the direction of travel in pairs parallel to each other arranged crowned wheels 2, which are arranged on both sides of a connecting element 3. It goes without saying also an arrangement with offset on both sides of the connecting element 3 arranged impellers 2 possible. In the upper part of the Connection element 3 are seen between the impellers 2 in the direction of travel arranged support rollers 4 rotatably. The vertical axes of rotation 5 of the support rollers 4 are supported on the connecting element 3. In the embodiment is on each side of the Connection element 3 exactly one support roller 4 is provided. Of course you can the support rollers 4 can also be arranged in front of and / or behind the wheels 2, wherein a pairwise arrangement transverse to the direction of travel is particularly useful has proven. However, a single large support roller 4 is also conceivable. In the lower one The area of the connection element is on both sides in a vertical plane revolving roller 6 provided.

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a chassis, which is inside one after open hollow profile-shaped rail 7 is located below. The rail 7 has a cold-rolled special profile, resulting in a low weight and good Strength and stiffness values can be achieved. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the roll Impellers 2 on substantially horizontal inner treads 8, which are easy are arranged obliquely to each other and extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail. The two support rollers 4 are inside the rail 7 on at least one side surface 7a unrollable. Here, the arrangement can be designed so that in the central position, that is if there are no horizontal forces, there is a game. This way is included Occurrence of horizontal forces to be derived only one of the support rollers 4 one of the side walls 7a of the rail 7, introducing these forces into the Rail 7.

In order to achieve that horizontal forces without jamming the chassis 1 in the Rail 7 are introduced into the side walls 7a, the two axes 9 of the Impellers 2 connected to one another via a common impeller carrier 10. The Connection of the impeller carrier 10 to the connecting element 3 takes place via a cardan joint. The impeller 10 and the connecting element 3 are here supported in one another via a joint 11. In Fig. 1 is the formation of the gimbal The partially cut illustration clearly shows the joint. As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show, the joint 11 has a ball socket 12. On the ball socket 12 is the connection element 3 via a formed on the connection element 3 complementary spherical surface 13 is supported. Connection element 3 and Impeller carriers 10 are against one another in a limited angular range pivotable. This will jam the drive during the Driving effectively prevented, so that despite horizontal forces to be derived smooth running of the chassis 1 is achieved. This has the further advantage that the load is evenly distributed on the rollers 2 even when the rail is twisted.

Fig. 2 can also be seen that the connecting element for fastening a load protrudes from the bottom of the rail 1. A play-free, quasi "rigid" connection between chassis 1 and rail 7 is due to the eccentric bearing Guaranteed rollers 6 adjustable from below in the direction of the rail. The Adjustment of the rollers 6 takes place, for example, once after inserting the Running gear 1 in the rail leaving a game, e.g. of 1 mm; a Readjustment is possible at any time during operation. As shown in Fig. 2, the Adjustment of the rollers 6 from below to a horizontal outer tread 15 of the rail 1, on which it is supported with a force that is a component has against the direction of force of the impeller 2. For this purpose, the rollers 6 eccentrically mounted on an axis 14, via which the rollers 6 in turn on Connection element 3 are stored.

With very large horizontal forces, which only occur in exceptional cases, prevents the roller 16 from damaging the chassis 1 and / or the Rail 7.

Another variant of the chassis 1 is shown in Fig. 3. Here are the Impeller 10 and the connecting element 3 rigidly connected to each other, d. H. the articulated connection of these two components is missing in this variant of the chassis 1. For this purpose, the part protruding from the rail below has a pair of elements, which is designed as a ball joint 20, which consists of a on the connecting element 3rd trained ball socket 21 and from one inserted into the ball socket Ball head 22 exists, the ball head 22 via a support element 23 (for example a load hook) can be connected to a load. Further are on that Impeller 10 (via which the connecting element 3 as part of the impeller 10) two rollers 6 rotatably mounted, each on an outer side 15 of the Support rail 7, with a component opposite to the supporting force of the Wheels 2. To ensure a play-free connection between rail 7 and chassis 1 ensure, the two rollers 6 are adjustable on their axis 14 eccentric arranged.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a formed from chassis 1 Complete undercarriage, for example a trolley of a suspension crane on which for example, a hoist (not shown) can be moved. It is essential with this Overall chassis that the connecting elements 3 of the on different rails arranged trolleys are rigidly connected to one another by a cross member 31, as shown in cross section in FIG. 5. Such an overall chassis already shows very good running and load properties. Get a significant improvement one if you combine at least two pairs of trolleys 1. To do this the connecting elements 3 of the running gear 1 arranged on different rails which are at the same height as seen in the direction of travel, each by a Traverse connected together. The longitudinal direction expediently close the cross member 31 and the longitudinal direction of the rail each an angle of 90 °. A such a complete chassis, consisting of four over cross members 31 rigid interconnected trolleys 1, can be very well with a boom 30th use, since all horizontal forces are effectively introduced into the rails 1. It is possible, as shown in Fig. 6, the boom 30 by a vertical To arrange the swivel axis pivotably. It has been shown that with this Arrangement when swiveling a load almost no vertical lowering of the Load takes place, so that an operator with little effort The load can be swiveled into any position. Such 7 shows a suspension crane with trolley in a schematic representation.

Alternatively, a stable running of the entire undercarriage can also be achieved with a Achieve three-point support by placing two parallel to each other Rails 7 on a rail 7 a pair of trolleys 1 and on the other Rail a single chassis 1 are arranged.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST:

1

landing gear

2nd

Wheel

3rd

Connector

4th

Support roller

5

Axis of rotation

6

Roller

7

rail

7a

Side surface of the rail

8th

inner tread

9

Axis of the impeller

10th

Impeller

11

joint

12th

Ball socket

13

spherical surface

14

Axis of the roller

15

outer tread

16

Caster

20th

Ball joint

21

Ball socket

22

Ball head

23

Support element

30th

boom

31

traverse

33

vertical swivel axis

Claims (18)

Chassis of a lifting device, in particular with a laterally projecting boom, which has at least two running wheels, which are supported on different inner side surfaces of a hollow profile-shaped rail which is open in the longitudinal direction downwards and which are rotatably mounted on an running wheel carrier which is connected to a connecting element on which the load to be lifted hangs and on which at least one support roller is rotatably arranged, which is supported on the rail with a component perpendicular to the support force of an impeller,
characterized,
that the impeller (10) and the connection element (3) are supported in one another via a joint (11), that the at least one support roller (4) is supported in the interior of the rail (7) and that at least one is mounted in the connection element (3) The roller (6) is supported on at least one outer running surface (15) of the rail (7) with a force which has a component against the direction of force of an impeller (2). Running gear according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the joint (11) is a universal joint. Running gear according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the at least one support roller (4) is rotatably supported in the upper region of the connection element (3). Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the wheels (2) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel. Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the running surfaces (8) of the rail (7) are arranged obliquely to one another and the running surfaces of the running wheels (2) are spherical. Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that there are at least two support rollers (4) which can be rolled off on each side surface (7a). Running gear according to one of claims 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the gimbal joint (11) is formed from a ball head (22) rigidly connected to the connecting element (3) and a ball socket (21) arranged on the impeller carrier (10). Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that a support roller (4) seen in the direction of travel is arranged between the wheels (2). Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the support rollers (4) as seen in the direction of travel are arranged in front of and behind the wheels (2). Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the roller (6) can be adjusted from below via an eccentric bearing in the direction of the rail (7). Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that rollers (6) are arranged on both sides of the connecting element (3) and that the rail (7) has horizontal outer running surfaces (15) for the rollers (6) on both sides. Running gear according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that trolleys (1) are located in parallel rails (7) and the connection elements (3) are rigidly connected to one another. Running gear according to claim 12,
characterized,
that in the case of two rails (7) arranged parallel to one another, a pair of undercarriages (1) are provided on one rail (7) and a single undercarriage (1) is provided on the other rail. Chassis of a lifting device, in particular with a laterally projecting arm, which has at least two running wheels, which are supported on different inner side surfaces of a hollow profile-shaped rail which is open in the longitudinal direction downwards and which are rotatably mounted on an running wheel carrier, on which a pair of elements for receiving the load is arranged and on which at least one roller is rotatably supported, which is supported on an outside of the rail and which ensures a play-free connection between the rail and the running gear,
characterized,
that the at least one roller (6) is supported with a component opposite to the supporting force of an impeller (2) on the rail (7) and that the pair of elements (8) is a ball joint (20). Undercarriage according to claim 14,
characterized,
that the play-free connection is achieved with an eccentric bearing. Chassis according to claim 15,
characterized,
that the eccentric bearing is achieved by an eccentric arrangement of the roller (6) on its axis (14). Running gear according to one of claims 14 to 16,
characterized,
that freedom of play is achieved through adjustment. Running gear according to one of claims 14 to 17,
characterized,
that at least one roller (6) is arranged on both sides of the wheel carrier (10).

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