EP0759979A4 - Antisense inhibition of hepatitis c virus - Google Patents
Antisense inhibition of hepatitis c virusInfo
- Publication number
- EP0759979A4 EP0759979A4 EP95919104A EP95919104A EP0759979A4 EP 0759979 A4 EP0759979 A4 EP 0759979A4 EP 95919104 A EP95919104 A EP 95919104A EP 95919104 A EP95919104 A EP 95919104A EP 0759979 A4 EP0759979 A4 EP 0759979A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hepatitis
- virus
- antisense inhibition
- antisense
- inhibition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
- C12N15/1131—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/11—Antisense
- C12N2310/111—Antisense spanning the whole gene, or a large part of it
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US24038294A | 1994-05-10 | 1994-05-10 | |
US240382 | 1994-05-10 | ||
PCT/US1995/005812 WO1995030746A1 (en) | 1994-05-10 | 1995-05-08 | Antisense inhibition of hepatitis c virus |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0759979A1 EP0759979A1 (en) | 1997-03-05 |
EP0759979A4 true EP0759979A4 (en) | 1999-10-20 |
Family
ID=22906305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95919104A Withdrawn EP0759979A4 (en) | 1994-05-10 | 1995-05-08 | Antisense inhibition of hepatitis c virus |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6001990A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0759979A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10503364A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995030746A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (52)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ZA964446B (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-06 | Hoffmann La Roche | Oligonucleotides specific for hepatitis c virus |
IT1297096B1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-08-03 | Sorin Diagnostics S R L | METHOD FOR THE DETECTION OF SINGLE HELIX DNA ANALYTES |
EP1002878A3 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2003-11-12 | Tosoh Corporation | Hepatitis C Virus RNA-binding oligo DNA and method preparing it |
KR20080023768A (en) | 2000-03-30 | 2008-03-14 | 화이트헤드 인스티튜트 포 바이오메디칼 리서치 | RNA sequence specific mediator of RNA interference |
MY164523A (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2017-12-29 | Univ Degli Studi Cagliari | Methods and compositions for treating hepatitis c virus |
JP2002125688A (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-08 | Tosoh Corp | Oligonucleotides and detection method for sensitive detection of hepatitis C virus |
MXPA03004836A (en) | 2000-12-01 | 2005-09-08 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | SMALL RNA MOLECULES THAT MEDIATE RNA INTERFERENCE. |
AU2002227252A1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-11 | Cornell Research Foundation | Animal model for flaviviridae infection |
AU2002311897A1 (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-18 | Third Wave Technologies, Inc. | Nucleic acid detection in pooled samples |
CA2936534C (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2021-01-26 | The Board Of Trustees Of Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods and compositions for rnai mediated inhibition of gene expression in mammals |
US10590418B2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2020-03-17 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods and compositions for RNAi mediated inhibition of gene expression in mammals |
US7138376B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2006-11-21 | Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods and compositions for treating hepatitis C virus using 4'-modified nucleosides |
EP1352960A1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-15 | Viruvation B.V. | Antiviral therapy on the basis of RNA interference |
US20040024193A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-05 | Williams Gregg T. | Method of detecting and quantifying hepatitis C virus |
JP4603356B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2010-12-22 | アボット・ラボラトリーズ | Method for detecting and quantifying hepatitis C virus |
WO2004011647A1 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-02-05 | Chiron Corporation | Modified small interfering rna molecules and methods of use |
US20050042646A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2005-02-24 | Davidson Beverly L. | RNA interference suppresion of neurodegenerative diseases and methods of use thereof |
US20040241854A1 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2004-12-02 | Davidson Beverly L. | siRNA-mediated gene silencing |
US20080274989A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2008-11-06 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Rna Interference Suppression of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Methods of Use Thereof |
US20040023390A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-05 | Davidson Beverly L. | SiRNA-mediated gene silencing with viral vectors |
US20050255086A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2005-11-17 | Davidson Beverly L | Nucleic acid silencing of Huntington's Disease gene |
US20080176812A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2008-07-24 | Davidson Beverly L | Allele-specific silencing of disease genes |
US20050106731A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2005-05-19 | Davidson Beverly L. | siRNA-mediated gene silencing with viral vectors |
FR2848572B1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2005-12-09 | Univ Joseph Fourier | INHIBITOR MOLECULES OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS AND METHOD FOR SCREENING THESE INHIBITORY MOLECULES |
JP4545091B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2010-09-15 | 財団法人 東京都医学研究機構 | Oligoribonucleotide or peptide nucleic acid that inhibits the function of hepatitis C virus |
US8575327B2 (en) | 2003-06-12 | 2013-11-05 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Conserved HBV and HCV sequences useful for gene silencing |
SG173218A1 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2011-08-29 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc | Conserved hbv and hcv sequences useful for gene silencing |
JP4943322B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2012-05-30 | ボード オブ トラスティーズ オブ ザ レランド スタンフォード ジュニア ユニバーシティ | Methods and compositions for reducing the amount of viral genome in target cells |
AU2011250867A1 (en) * | 2004-05-04 | 2011-12-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Methods and compositions for reducing viral genome amounts in a target cell |
WO2006031901A2 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-23 | Somagenics, Inc. | SMALL INTERFERING RNAs THAT EFFICIENTLY INHIBIT VIRAL GENE EXPRESSION AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF |
EP2772541A3 (en) | 2004-09-24 | 2014-09-24 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Targeting opposite strand replication intermediates of hepatitis C virus by RNAi |
WO2007052629A1 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2007-05-10 | Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. | Oligo double-stranded rna and pharmaceutical composition |
WO2007084567A2 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-26 | The Government Of The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Health And Human Services | Detection and discrimination of hepatitis c virus, human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and hepatitis b virus |
WO2007112753A2 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-11 | Santaris Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical composition comprising anti-mirna antisense oligonucleotides |
EP2261333B1 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2016-03-30 | Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S | Pharmaceutical composition comprising anti-miRNA antisense oligonucleotides |
DK2149605T3 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2013-09-30 | Santaris Pharma As | Short RNA antagonist compounds to modulate the desired mRNA |
AU2008228243B2 (en) | 2007-03-22 | 2014-05-15 | Santaris Pharma A/S | RNA antagonist compounds for the inhibition of Apo-B100 expression |
WO2009043354A2 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Santaris Pharma A/S | Combination treatment for the treatment of hepatitis c virus infection |
CA2717792A1 (en) | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-11 | Santaris Pharma A/S | Pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of microrna related diseases |
US8492357B2 (en) | 2008-08-01 | 2013-07-23 | Santaris Pharma A/S | Micro-RNA mediated modulation of colony stimulating factors |
JP2012505657A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2012-03-08 | ソマジェニックス インク. | Short hairpin RNA for gene expression inhibition |
ES2599979T3 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2017-02-06 | Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of HCV patients who do not respond to interferon |
EP2454371B1 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2021-01-20 | Somagenics, Inc. | Chemical modification of small hairpin rnas for inhibition of gene expression |
EP2456870A1 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2012-05-30 | Santaris Pharma A/S | Antisense oligomers targeting pcsk9 |
US8809354B2 (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2014-08-19 | Sheikh Riazuddin | 3-amino-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-(3H)-quinazolinone or derivatives thereof for treating or preventing antiviral infections |
SG10201803157XA (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2018-05-30 | Regulus Therapeutics Inc | Microrna compounds and methods for modulating mir-122 |
CN105164261B (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2022-03-18 | 莱古路斯治疗法股份有限公司 | Compounds and methods for enhanced cellular uptake |
AU2014300981B2 (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2017-08-10 | Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen A/S | Antisense oligomers and conjugates targeting PCSK9 |
JOP20200092A1 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2017-06-16 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc | HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) iRNA COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF |
US11324820B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2022-05-10 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for the treatment of subjects having a hepatitis b virus (HBV) infection |
WO2019217369A1 (en) | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Regulus Therapeutics Inc. | Galnac conjugated modified oligonucleotide as mir-122 inhibitor having hcv antiviral activity with reduced hyperbilirubinemia side-effect |
AR114551A1 (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2020-09-16 | Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc | COMPOSITIONS OF hdRNA AGENTS AGAINST HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) AND METHODS FOR THEIR USE |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992012992A2 (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-08-06 | James N. Gamble Institute Of Medical Research | Basic structural immunogenic polypeptides having epitopes for hcv, antibodies, polynucleotide sequences, vaccines and methods |
CA2104649A1 (en) * | 1992-08-25 | 1994-02-26 | Makoto Seki | Antisense compounds complementary to hcv genome |
WO1994005813A1 (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-03-17 | Juridical Foundation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute | Compositions and methods for treatment of hepatitis c virus-associated diseases |
WO1994008002A2 (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-04-14 | Chiron Corporation | Methods and compositions for controlling translation of hcv proteins |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3625214A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1971-12-07 | Alza Corp | Drug-delivery device |
NZ209840A (en) * | 1983-10-17 | 1988-11-29 | Kaji Akira | A method of inhibiting viral propagation by hybridising dna with the viral rna thus blocking its action |
US4789734A (en) * | 1985-08-06 | 1988-12-06 | La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation | Vitronectin specific cell receptor derived from mammalian mesenchymal tissue |
EP0545913B1 (en) * | 1986-08-18 | 1999-02-24 | Emisphere Technologies, Inc. | Delivery systems for pharmacological agents |
EP0384566A3 (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-11-13 | The Wistar Institute | Amplification of htlv-1 sequences from multiple sclerosis patients |
JP2656995B2 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1997-09-24 | カイロン コーポレイション | NANBV diagnostics |
US5372928A (en) * | 1989-09-15 | 1994-12-13 | Chiron Corporation | Hepatitis C virus isolates |
US5399345A (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1995-03-21 | Boehringer Mannheim, Gmbh | Muteins of the granulocyte colony stimulating factor |
CA2089761A1 (en) * | 1990-08-29 | 1992-03-01 | Elaine Defreitas | Method and compositions for diagnosing and treating chronic fatique immunodysfunction syndrome |
EP0516859A1 (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-12-09 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Non-a non-b hepatitis virus antigen protein |
JPH06508026A (en) * | 1991-05-08 | 1994-09-14 | カイロン コーポレイション | HCV genome sequence for diagnosis and treatment |
JPH06508024A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1994-09-14 | ラッキー・リミテッド | Hepatitis C diagnostic reagents and vaccines |
KR950014915B1 (en) * | 1991-06-19 | 1995-12-18 | 주식회사녹십자 | Asialoglycoprotein-conjugated compounds |
JP3688290B2 (en) * | 1991-11-21 | 2005-08-24 | コモン サーヴィシス エージェンシー | Hepatitis C virus test |
EP0642592A4 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1997-01-02 | Abbott Lab | Ligase chain reaction starting with rna sequences. |
JP2778886B2 (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1998-07-23 | エバーニュー バイオテック インコーポレイティド | Hepatitis C virus core antigen protein and diagnostic method and kit using the same |
US5559028A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1996-09-24 | Antigen Express, Inc. | Methods of enhancing or antigen presentation to T cells inhibiting |
-
1995
- 1995-05-08 EP EP95919104A patent/EP0759979A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-05-08 JP JP7529188A patent/JPH10503364A/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-05-08 WO PCT/US1995/005812 patent/WO1995030746A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-06-07 US US08/474,700 patent/US6001990A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992012992A2 (en) * | 1991-01-14 | 1992-08-06 | James N. Gamble Institute Of Medical Research | Basic structural immunogenic polypeptides having epitopes for hcv, antibodies, polynucleotide sequences, vaccines and methods |
CA2104649A1 (en) * | 1992-08-25 | 1994-02-26 | Makoto Seki | Antisense compounds complementary to hcv genome |
WO1994005813A1 (en) * | 1992-09-10 | 1994-03-17 | Juridical Foundation The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute | Compositions and methods for treatment of hepatitis c virus-associated diseases |
WO1994008002A2 (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-04-14 | Chiron Corporation | Methods and compositions for controlling translation of hcv proteins |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9530746A1 * |
WAKITA T ET AL: "INHIBITION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS ANTIGEN EXPRESSION BY ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES DIRECTED AGAINST 5' NONCODING REGION RIBOSOMAL BINDING SITES", HEPATOLOGY, vol. 18, no. 4, PART 02, 1 October 1993 (1993-10-01), pages 77A, XP000603285, ISSN: 0270-9139 * |
WAKITA T ET AL: "SPECIFIC INHIBITION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS EXPRESSION BY ANTISENSE SPECIFIC OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES. IN VITRO MODEL FOR SELECTION OF TARGET SEQUENCE.", JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 269, no. 19, 13 May 1994 (1994-05-13), pages 14205 - 14210 142, XP000604710, ISSN: 0021-9258 * |
WU G Y ET AL: "DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR GENE THERAPY", BIOTHERAPY, vol. 3, 1991, pages 87 - 95, XP000764198, ISSN: 0921-299X * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0759979A1 (en) | 1997-03-05 |
US6001990A (en) | 1999-12-14 |
JPH10503364A (en) | 1998-03-31 |
WO1995030746A1 (en) | 1995-11-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0759979A4 (en) | Antisense inhibition of hepatitis c virus | |
EP0837951A4 (en) | Antisense inhibition of hepatitis b virus replication | |
PL324906A1 (en) | Vaccines against viral hepatitis of c type | |
PL321966A1 (en) | Vaccine against viral hepatitis of b type | |
HU9402822D0 (en) | Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of papillomavirus | |
NZ290318A (en) | Compositions comprising antisense oligonucleotides for use against hepatitis b viral replication | |
AP9200412A0 (en) | Compounds and methods for inhibition of hiv and related viruses | |
GB9415369D0 (en) | Mutant virus | |
EP0973510A4 (en) | Use of amantadine for treatment of hepatitis c | |
NZ307494A (en) | Lymphokine capable of inhibiting immunodeficiency viruses | |
PL312692A1 (en) | New derivatives of dialkoxy-pyridinol-benzimidazole | |
EP0833668A4 (en) | Inhibition of hepatitis b replication | |
AU2970595A (en) | Inhibition of virus by nitric oxide | |
ZA964446B (en) | Oligonucleotides specific for hepatitis c virus | |
GB9425604D0 (en) | Peptides effective for diagnsis of hepatitis C infection | |
GB9006924D0 (en) | Prognosis of hepatitis infection | |
GB9209669D0 (en) | Novel plant virus sequences | |
EP0879055A4 (en) | Inhibition of viral replication | |
GB8914680D0 (en) | Prevention of aid virus | |
HU0400424D0 (en) | Hepatitis virus vaccines | |
GB9420956D0 (en) | Virus | |
GB9108030D0 (en) | An antisense"aids"virus | |
IL114891A0 (en) | 3-substituted-2- oxindoles as inhibitors of viral replication | |
IL132848A0 (en) | Treatment of hepatic cirrhosis | |
GB9213362D0 (en) | Hcv-3 virus |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19961209 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 19990903 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A4 Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT NL |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010704 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20050908 |