EP0745119B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von sprühgetrockneten granulaten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von sprühgetrockneten granulaten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0745119B1 EP0745119B1 EP95909694A EP95909694A EP0745119B1 EP 0745119 B1 EP0745119 B1 EP 0745119B1 EP 95909694 A EP95909694 A EP 95909694A EP 95909694 A EP95909694 A EP 95909694A EP 0745119 B1 EP0745119 B1 EP 0745119B1
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- European Patent Office
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical class [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920013821 hydroxy alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000250 methylamino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012831 stearyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003470 sulfuric acid monoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003892 tartrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spray drying process by which heavy granules can be produced, which can be used as a detergent or cleaning agent suitable for use in detergents or cleaning agents.
- EP-A-0 120 492 special spray dried Granules described which bulk densities of at least Achieve 550 g / l up to 800 g / l without post-treatment of the granules, whereby with aftertreatment, spraying the porous granules with, for example non-ionic surfactants or powdering with finely divided powders, for example zeolite powders is understood.
- These contain granules ethoxylated alcohols with 12 to 24 carbon atoms and average 3 to 20 ethylene oxide groups.
- the Granules are produced by a process in which a slurry is used a content of 55 to 35 wt .-% water (including the adsorptive or sprayed as hydrate bound water).
- the water content is not below 42 wt .-%, because lower Contents lead to a strong increase in viscosity of the slurry and the Addition of viscosity reducing agents such as toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonate make necessary. Slurry viscosities up to a maximum of 15000 mPas under operating conditions are considered acceptable.
- An object of the invention was to make the spray drying process energetic to make it cheaper or to increase the performance of the spray towers and thus an increase in capacity of the existing systems to achieve constant energy requirements. To do this, it should be possible to spray more concentrated slurries. However, these slurries were allowed do not have such high viscosities that spraying is no longer possible was. In addition, additives such as toluene, xylene or cumene sulfonate should be considered usual means of lowering viscosity can be dispensed with.
- Another The object of the invention was to provide granules which anionic surfactants in amounts of at least 1 wt .-% as well optionally additional soaps in quantities of at least 0.2% by weight included and one for spray-dried products without after-treatment mechanical and / or chemical processing increased bulk density exhibit.
- the invention accordingly relates to a process for the production of spray-dried granules, which are particularly suitable for washing or Detergents or as a component for this, characterized in that a slurry is used in the spray drying, less than 40% by weight of water, but there are quantities of anionic surfactants of at least 1% by weight, based on the spray-dried granules, and Contains sugar acids or salts of sugar acids and a viscosity of has a maximum of 15000 mPas (under operating conditions).
- Granules produced with preference have a bulk density of at least 600 g / l, preferably from 650 to 1000 g / l and in particular at least 700 g / l.
- a bulk density of at least 600 g / l, preferably from 650 to 1000 g / l and in particular at least 700 g / l.
- these granules are used exclusively produced by a spray drying process.
- Spray drying processes like Impregnation with liquid to waxy components, for example Nonionic surfactants, powdering with finely divided powders or use of the granules in optionally further compacting mixing and / or granulation or Extrusion processes are not excluded, but are not essential to the invention.
- the details of the bulk weights therefore relate always on the base granules obtained by spray drying.
- the anionic surfactants in the granules produced according to the invention such as usual alkylbenzenesulfonates and / or alkyl (ether) sulfates is preferably 1.5 to 10% by weight.
- the granules can also be added to soaps Contain quantities of at least 0.2 wt .-%. Contain preferred granules about 0.5 to 15% by weight, in particular up to 10% by weight Fatty acid soaps or natural fatty acid soap mixtures.
- Anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
- Preferred surfactants of the sulfonate type are C 9 -C 13 alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates such as are obtained, for example, from C 12 -C 18 monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous Sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products is considered.
- alkanesulfonates obtained from C 12 -C 18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
- the readily biodegradable alkanesulfonates are obtained from C 12 -C 18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
- the sulfonate group is statistically distributed over the entire carbon chain, with the secondary alkanesulfonates predominating.
- the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids are also suitable, for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
- alk (en) yl sulfates the alkali and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of the C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred.
- alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, straight-chain alkyl radical prepared on a petrochemical basis and which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
- C 16 -C 18 alk (en) yl sulfates are particularly preferred from the point of view of washing technology. It can also be particularly advantageous, and particularly advantageous for machine washing agents, to use C 16 -C 18 alk (en) yl sulfates in combination with lower melting anionic surfactants and in particular with those anionic surfactants which have a lower Krafft point and relatively low ones Washing temperatures of, for example, room temperature to 40 ° C. show a low tendency to crystallize.
- the compositions therefore contain mixtures of short-chain and long-chain fatty alkyl sulfates, preferably mixtures of C 12 -C 14 fatty alkyl sulfates or C 12 -C 18 fatty alkyl sulfates with C 16 -C 18 fatty alkyl sulfates and in particular C 12 -C 16 -Fatty alkyl sulfates with C 16 -C 18 fatty alkyl sulfates.
- not only saturated alkyl sulfates but also unsaturated alkenyl sulfates with an alkenyl chain length of preferably C 16 to C 22 are used.
- the sulfuric acid monoesters of the straight-chain or branched C 7 -C 21 alcohols ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide such as 2-methyl-branched C 9 -C 11 alcohols with an average of 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12 - C 18 fatty alcohols with 2 to 4 E0 are suitable. Because of their high foaming behavior, they are used in detergents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.
- Suitable soaps are in particular saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.
- those soap mixtures are preferred which are composed of 50 to 100% by weight of saturated C 12 -C 24 fatty acid soaps and 0 to 50% by weight of oleic acid soap.
- the anionic surfactants and soaps can be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, Di- or triethanolamine.
- the anionic are preferably located Surfactants in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, especially in the form of Sodium salts.
- the agents preferably contain as sugar acids or salts of sugar acids Polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts with 4 to 6 carbon atoms, each carbon atom which has no carboxyl group or carries a keto group, has a hydroxy group, and / or Polyhydroxydicarboxylic acids or polyhydroxydicarboxylic acid salts with 4 to 6 Carbon atoms and at least 2 hydroxyl groups per molecule or mixtures from these acids and salts.
- polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids form or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts, which one keto group per Have molecule, preferably lactones.
- Preferred polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts are those which have 4 to 6 carbon atoms contain and on each carbon atom that has no carboxyl group or carries a keto group, have a hydroxy group.
- polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids and or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts with 4 carbon atoms and 3 hydroxyl groups, with 5 carbon atoms and 4 hydroxyl groups and with 6 carbon atoms and 4 or 5 hydroxyl groups prefers.
- Polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids have particularly advantageous properties or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts with 6 carbon atoms and 5 hydroxy groups, such as D-gluconic acid (also maltonic acid or called dextronic acid) or their salts, and polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids or polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts with 6 carbon atoms, one Keto group and 4 hydroxy groups, such as L-ascorbic acid, which is present as a lactone, and L-ascorbic acid salts.
- Mixtures of acids can also be used and / or the salts are used, the latter preferably in the form their sodium or potassium salts.
- polyhydroxydicarboxylic acids are also preferred or polyhydroxydicarboxylic acid salts, which 4 to 6 Contain carbon atoms and on each carbon atom that has no carboxyl group carries, have a hydroxy group.
- polyhydroxydicarboxylic acids and polyhydroxydicarboxylic acid salts with 4 Carbon atoms and 2 hydroxy groups, such as tartaric acid and tartaric acid salts, and with 6 carbon atoms and 4 hydroxy groups, such as galactaric acid (also Called mucic acid or mucic acid) and galactaric acid salts as well as glucaric acid (also called saccharic acid) and glucaric acid salts, preferred.
- the content of the spray-dried granules in sugar acids and preferably the salts of the sugar acids are preferably 0.2 to 20% by weight and in particular 0.5 to 15% by weight.
- the granules produced according to the invention can also contain further ingredients which are usually used in detergents or cleaning agents which can be used either in the home or in the commercial sector.
- the granules can also contain nonionic surfactants.
- Their content is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, in particular 2 to 25% by weight. In granules which contain more than 10% by weight of anionic surfactants and soaps, the content of nonionic is advantageously up to 20% by weight.
- the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously liquid ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (E0) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical may be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position, or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues from alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 E0 per mole of alcohol are preferred.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12 -C 14 alcohols with 3 E0 or 4 E0, C 9 -C 11 alcohol with 7 E0, C 13 -C 15 alcohols with 3 E0, 5 E0, 7 E0 or 8 E0, C 12 -C 18 alcohols with 3 E0, 5 E0 or 7 E0 and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C 12 -C 14 alcohol with 3 E0 and C 12 -C 18 alcohol with 5 E0.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- nonionic surfactants are, in particular, tallow fatty alcohols with up to 80 E0, preferably tallow fatty alcohols with 11 E0, 14 E0, 25 E0, 30 E0 or 40 E0. Because of the known pluming problem in the spray drying of ethoxylated alcohols, which is caused by the steam volatility of unreacted alcohol and low-ethoxylated alcohols, the preferred ethoxylated fatty alcohols contain at least 5 E0 groups in the molecule on average. For the same reason, preferred alcohol ethoxylates also have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
- Suitable alkoxylated alcohols can also be propoxylated or both ethoxylated be propoxylated as well. However, within the scope of this invention the only ethoxylated alcohols due to the better resulting Product characteristics preferred.
- alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x can also be used as further nonionic surfactants, in which R denotes a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, C atoms and G is the symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
- the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; x is preferably 1.2 to 1.4.
- Granules produced with preference preferably contain inorganic ones or inorganic and organic builder substances.
- inorganic Builder substances primarily include phosphates, in particular the well-known tripolyphosphates and zeolite.
- the finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite NaA in detergent quality.
- zeolite NaX, zeolite P and mixtures of NaA, NaX and possibly P are also suitable.
- the zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder, but advantageously also as an undried stabilized suspension which is still moist from its production.
- the zeolite may contain minor additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3% by weight, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols with 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols.
- Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 ⁇ m (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22, in particular 20 to 22% by weight of bound water.
- Layer substitutes are suitable substitutes or partial substitutes for the zeolite natural and synthetic origin.
- Such layered silicates are, for example, from patent applications DE-B-23 34 899, EP-A-0 026 529 and DE-A-35 26 405.
- Their usability is not one special composition or structural formula limited. Are preferred here, however, smectites, especially bentonites.
- the phosphate and / or zeolite content of the spray-dried granules is preferably 20 to 60% by weight and in particular 25 to 50 % By weight, based in each case on anhydrous active substance, lower quantities between 20 and 25% by weight can be particularly advantageous, if phosphates and zeolites are used.
- Usable organic builders in addition to the sugar acids or their salts can be used, for example, are preferred polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid used in the form of their sodium salts, Adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, aminocarboxylic acids, Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), provided that such use from ecological Reasons is not objectionable, as well as mixtures of these.
- Preferred Salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, glutaric acid and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable polymeric polycarboxylates are, for example, the sodium salts polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 800 to 150,000 (based on acid).
- Suitable copolymeric polycarboxylates are, in particular, those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid have proven particularly suitable proven that 50 to 90 wt .-% acrylic acid and 50 to 10 wt .-% maleic acid contain.
- Their relative molecular mass, based on free acids is generally 5,000 to 200,000, preferably 10,000 to 120,000 and in particular 50,000 to 100,000.
- the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution, 20 up to 55% by weight aqueous solutions are preferred.
- Particularly preferred are also biodegradable terpolymers, for example those that are considered Monomeric salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or Vinyl alcohol derivatives according to DE-A-43 00 772 or as the monomers salts of Acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid as well as sugar derivatives according to DE-C-42 21 381 included.
- polyacetals which by reaction of dialdehydes with polyol carboxylic acids, which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and have at least 3 hydroxyl groups, for example as in European Patent application EP-A-0 280 223 can be obtained.
- Preferred polyacetals are derived from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, Terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.
- Suitable ingredients of the granules are water-soluble inorganic salts such as bicarbonates, carbonates, amorphous silicates or mixtures of these;
- alkali carbonate and amorphous alkali silicate especially sodium silicate with a molar ratio Na 2 O: SiO 2 of 1: 1 to 1: 4.5, preferably of 1: 2 to 1: 3.5, are used.
- the sodium carbonate content of the granules is preferably up to 20% by weight, advantageously between 5 and 15% by weight if the granules are to be used in the home, and can preferably be up to 50% by weight in the commercial sector. , in particular up to 45% by weight.
- the sodium silicate content of the granules is generally up to 10% by weight and preferably between 2 and 8% by weight, silicate-containing granules of at most 3% by weight being preferred in zeolite-containing granules.
- Alkali carbonates also by sulfur-free, 2 to 11 carbon atoms and optionally having a further carboxyl and / or amino group Amino acids and / or their salts are replaced.
- a partial to complete exchange the alkali carbonates are made by glycine or glycinate.
- the other detergent ingredients contained in the granules may include graying inhibitors, foam inhibitors, optical Brighteners, enzymes, fabric softening agents, colors and fragrances as well Neutral salts such as sulfates and chlorides in the form of their sodium or potassium salts.
- Suitable foam inhibitors are, for example, soaps of natural or synthetic origin, which have a high proportion of C 18 -C 24 fatty acids.
- Suitable non-surfactant-like foam inhibitors are, for example, organopolysiloxanes and their mixtures with microfine, optionally silanized silica, and paraffins, waxes, microcrystalline waxes and their mixtures with silanized silica or bistearylethylenediamide. Mixtures of various foam inhibitors are also used with advantages, for example those made of silicones, paraffins or waxes.
- the salts of polyphosphonic acids are preferably the neutral ones Sodium salts of, for example, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate and Diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonate in amounts of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight used.
- Enzymes come from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, Cellulases or their mixtures in question. Are particularly well suited Strains of bacteria or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus derived enzymatic agents. Preferably become proteases of the subtilisin type and in particular proteases that are obtained from Bacillus lentus.
- enzyme mixtures for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or Protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from protease, Amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but especially Mixtures of cellulase of particular interest. Oxidases too and peroxidases have been found to be suitable in some cases.
- enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules can, for example about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.
- Graying inhibitors have the task of removing the fiber Keep dirt suspended in the fleet and prevent graying.
- Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this, for example the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, Glue, gelatin, salts of ether carboxylic acids or ether sulfonic acids Starch or the cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters Cellulose or starch. Also water-soluble containing acidic groups Polyamides are suitable for this purpose.
- soluble ones Use starch preparations and other starch products than those mentioned above, e.g. degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful.
- cellulose ethers such as carboxymethyl cellulose are preferred.
- Methyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose and mixed ethers such as methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, Methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- the agents can contain derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or its alkali metal salts. Suitable are, for example, salts of 4,4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or compounds of similar structure which instead of the morpholino Group carry a diethanolamino group, a methylamino group, anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group.
- Brighteners of the substituted diphenylstyryl type may also be present, for example the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, or 4- (4-chlorostyryl) -4 '- (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl.
- Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used. It has been found that uniform white granules are obtained if, apart from the customary brighteners, the agents are used in customary amounts, for example between 0.1 and 0.5% by weight, preferably between 0.1 and 0.3% by weight. also contain small amounts, for example 10 -6 to 10 -3 % by weight, preferably around 10 -5 % by weight, of a blue dye.
- a particularly preferred dye is Tinolux (R) (commercial product from Ciba-Geigy).
- the spray-dried granules without bleach, bleach activator and enzymes and optionally produced without a foam inhibitor.
- Ingredients of household detergents can preferably be added later either as a raw material or in a pre-assembled processing form (Compound) are mixed with the spray-dried granules.
- the spray-dried granules as basic granules for the production of detergents used for the commercial sector.
- the proportion of spray-dried granules in household detergents or for the commercial sector is preferably 40 to 90% by weight and in particular 50 to 85% by weight.
- the granules are produced in the process according to the invention via the Spray drying a slurry that contains less than 40% by weight of water anionic surfactants in amounts of at least 1% by weight, based on the spray-dried granules, as well as sugar acids or salts of sugar acids contains, with the viscosity of the slurries not under the operating conditions should be above 15000 mPas in order to process the slurries safely Enable tower.
- such slurries are preferably used under the operating conditions a viscosity below 12000 mPas and especially below Have 10,000 mPas.
- Such slurries are obtained when they are according to the invention Polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acids or their salts, polyhydroxydicarboxylic acids or their salts or mixtures of these mono- and / or Di compounds as indicated above contained in the amounts indicated.
- polyhydroxymononecarboxylic acids or Polyhydroxymonocarboxylic acid salts and in particular the use of gluconic acid and advantageously preferred by gluconate.
- the sugar acids and in particular the salts of the sugar acids can be in solid form or in form an aqueous solution, for example in the form of a 60 to 80% by weight aqueous solution can be incorporated into the slurry.
- the spray to dry Slurry advantageously contains 0.5 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 10 % By weight and in particular 2 to 5% by weight of gluconic acid, gluconate or mixtures from these, each based on the spray-dried granules.
- the bulk weights of the granules so produced can be in a wide range Frames vary. The person skilled in the art knows which parameter changes in the spray drying process to lighter and which lead to heavier granules. For example, granules with a bulk density can also be below of 550 g / l. However, it is preferred that in this Spray drying process Bulk weights of at least 550 g / l, preferably of at least 600 g / l and in particular from 650 to 1000 g / l be, these bulk weights easily in conventional Spray towers can be reached.
- This process not only solves the tasks, but also the services and to increase the capacities of the spray towers while maintaining the same energy requirements (performance increases of 20% and above are possible) and at others to ensure the processability of highly concentrated slurries (Concentration by 10% and more possible compared to the prior art), but in the case of spray drying of tripolyphoshate-containing ones Granules also achieve a higher degree of phosphate conservation.
- Another Advantage of this method is that slurries that have no polycarboxylate content cannot be sprayed as there will be phase separations comes, and for which the addition of citrate no training homogeneous phase caused by the addition of the sugar acids or their Salts now become homogeneous and can thus be sprayed.
- the concentration of the sprayed slurry was 75.7% by weight and the viscosity under operating conditions 7400 mPas.
- the bulk density achieved was 600 g / l.
- Example M1 / 1 was repeated, the operating conditions of the Spray tower remained the same and 2 wt .-%, based on the spray-dried Granules, sodium gluconate in solid form (100% by weight) in exchange for Sodium carbonate were used.
- the slurry concentration became 76.2 % By weight increased, the viscosity decreased to 5000 mPas.
- the bulk density of the spray dried granules M1 / 2 was 647 g / l.
- Example M1 / 2 was used at a slurry concentration of 79.7% by weight repeated.
- the viscosity of the slurry was below 10,000 mPas.
- the Bulk weight of the spray-dried granules M1 / 3 was 730 g / l.
- sodium citrate sodium gluconate was used in the same way as above added, the viscosity of the slurry dropped to 6500 mPas. It there was a phase-stable slurry that could be sprayed.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von sprühgetrockneten Granulaten, welche insbesondere für Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel oder als Komponente hierfür eingesetzt werden können, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Sprühtrocknung ein Slurry eingesetzt wird, der weniger als 40 Gew.-% Wasser, dafür aber anionische Tenside in Mengen von mindestens 1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das sprühgetrocknete Granulat, sowie Zuckersäuren bzw. Salze von Zuckersäuren enthält und eine Viskosität von maximal 15000 mPas (unter Betriebsbedingungen) aufweist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Slurry eingesetzt wird, welcher Polyhydroxymonocarbonsäuren bzw. Polyhydroxymonocarbonsäuresalze mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und mindestens 3 Hydroxy-Gruppen pro Molekül oder Mischungen aus diesen Säuren und/oder Salzen und/oder Polyhydroxydicarbonsäuren bzw. Polyhydroxydicarbonsäuresalze mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und mindestens 2 Hydroxy-Gruppen pro Molekül oder Mischungen aus diesen Säuren und Salzen enthält.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Slurry eingesetzt wird, welcher 0,2 bis 20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die sprühgetrockneten Granulate, Polyhydroxymonocarbonsäuren bzw. Polyhydroxymonocarbonsäuresalze mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen enthält, wobei jedes Kohlenstoffatom, welches keine Carboxylgruppe oder Ketogruppe trägt, eine Hydroxygruppe aufweist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Slurry eingesetzt wird, welcher 0,5 bis 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 10 Gew.-% und insbesondere 2 bis 5 Gew.-% Gluconsäure, Gluconat oder Mischungen aus diesen, jeweils bezogen auf die sprühgetrockneten Granulate, enthält.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Schüttgewicht von mindestens 600 g/l und vorzugsweise von 650 bis 1000 g/l eingestellt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4405125 | 1994-02-18 | ||
DE4405125 | 1994-02-18 | ||
DE4408502A DE4408502A1 (de) | 1994-02-18 | 1994-03-14 | Sprühgetrocknetes Granulat mit hohem Schüttgewicht |
DE4408502 | 1994-03-14 | ||
PCT/EP1995/000465 WO1995022596A1 (de) | 1994-02-18 | 1995-02-09 | Sprühgetrocknetes granulat mit hohem schüttgewicht |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0745119A1 EP0745119A1 (de) | 1996-12-04 |
EP0745119B1 true EP0745119B1 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
Family
ID=25933884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95909694A Expired - Lifetime EP0745119B1 (de) | 1994-02-18 | 1995-02-09 | Verfahren zur herstellung von sprühgetrockneten granulaten |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0745119B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE187487T1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0745119T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2141336T3 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3032349T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL180293B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995022596A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8626082D0 (en) * | 1986-10-31 | 1986-12-03 | Unilever Plc | Detergent powders |
GB8806702D0 (en) * | 1988-03-21 | 1988-04-20 | Unilever Plc | Detergent powders & processes for preparing them |
DE3818829A1 (de) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Koerniges adsorptionsmittel mit verbessertem einspuelverhalten |
DE4220387A1 (de) * | 1992-06-22 | 1993-12-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Granulares Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
-
1995
- 1995-02-09 AT AT95909694T patent/ATE187487T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-09 DK DK95909694T patent/DK0745119T3/da active
- 1995-02-09 WO PCT/EP1995/000465 patent/WO1995022596A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-02-09 PL PL95315788A patent/PL180293B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-09 EP EP95909694A patent/EP0745119B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-09 ES ES95909694T patent/ES2141336T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-01-13 GR GR20000400045T patent/GR3032349T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1995022596A1 (de) | 1995-08-24 |
DK0745119T3 (da) | 2000-05-08 |
ATE187487T1 (de) | 1999-12-15 |
GR3032349T3 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
PL315788A1 (en) | 1996-12-09 |
ES2141336T3 (es) | 2000-03-16 |
EP0745119A1 (de) | 1996-12-04 |
PL180293B1 (pl) | 2001-01-31 |
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