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EP0744883A1 - Device and process for operating a high pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents

Device and process for operating a high pressure discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0744883A1
EP0744883A1 EP95107865A EP95107865A EP0744883A1 EP 0744883 A1 EP0744883 A1 EP 0744883A1 EP 95107865 A EP95107865 A EP 95107865A EP 95107865 A EP95107865 A EP 95107865A EP 0744883 A1 EP0744883 A1 EP 0744883A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
inverter
frequency
pressure
pressure discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95107865A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0744883B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Peters
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Scharpenberg
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Prazisa Industrieelektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Prazisa Industrieelektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to EP95107865A priority Critical patent/EP0744883B1/en
Priority to AT95107865T priority patent/ATE261235T1/en
Priority to DE59510867T priority patent/DE59510867D1/en
Publication of EP0744883A1 publication Critical patent/EP0744883A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0744883B1 publication Critical patent/EP0744883B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp, in which the direct current power derived from a voltage source is fed to an inverter which feeds the high-pressure discharge lamp in particular via a current limiting choke.
  • the choice of the operating frequency for ballasts of high-pressure discharge lamps is of considerable importance, since resonance effects due to longitudinal resonances occur within the tubular lamp body in lamps of this type.
  • the resonance frequencies depend not only on the type of gas used and the average gas temperature, but also on the burner geometry. Therefore, the resonance spectra for high-pressure discharge lamps of different types are different. However, resonance changes can also occur within a series of lamps of the same type.
  • the operating frequency of the inverter In order to achieve stable lamp operation, the operating frequency of the inverter must be shifted to a range in which no resonances occur. This has the disadvantage that only a ballast specially matched to this can be used for a particular lamp. If the operating frequency changes out of the permissible frequency window, instabilities occur due to the resonance phenomena.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a method or a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that, on the one hand, high-pressure discharge lamps with a higher output, for example in the range from 70-2000 watts, can be supplied and, on the other hand, the disadvantages described above be avoided due to the resonance effects.
  • the inverter operating at an operating frequency in the range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz is operated with an output power that is periodically modulated by the nominal power value, the modulation frequency being in the range above 50 Hz and below Operating frequency of the inverter is.
  • this object is achieved in that means are assigned to the electronic inverter operating at an operating frequency of 10 kHz to 100 kHz for modulating its output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp with a modulation frequency in the range between 50 Hz and below the operating frequency.
  • the invention is characterized in that the output power of the ballast, which is delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp, is modulated so that a resonance build-up is avoided in principle.
  • the output power of the ballast which is delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp
  • it is not the inverter frequency that is modulated within a previously defined frequency band, but rather the output power, whose mean value corresponds to the nominal value.
  • the "pumped" output power that is to say the constantly varying instantaneous power, means that no energy absorption at the resonance points can result in a build-up.
  • the modulation frequency can be varied over a wide range, the lower limit being determined only by the fact that flicker operation of the lamp which is visible to the eye must be avoided.
  • the modulation frequency is only upwards due to the operating frequency of the inverter limited, which is between 10 kHz and 100 kHz.
  • the ballast can now be used universally, regardless of the type of lamp and without exposing itself to the risk that, as in the prior art, on the one hand and inadequate adaptation of ballast and discharge lamp on the other hand, instabilities can occur.
  • the solution according to the invention can not only replace a conventional ballast but also has the advantage that the lighting comfort is increased since there is no flickering.
  • the device according to the invention is lighter in weight and can optionally be supplied with direct voltage (for example battery systems, solar plants) or with a rectifier with alternating current mains voltage.
  • no compensation capacitors are required as with conventional ballasts.
  • the output power can be modulated by driving the inverter at its control input with a variable frequency.
  • the lamp current at higher frequencies is periodically varied in accordance with the frequency swing due to the constant inverter supply voltage and the constant inductance.
  • the output power is modulated in that the inductance is replaced by a voltage-variable inductance in the form of a transducer, so that the corresponding modulation is effected at constant operating frequency and constant supply voltage of the inverter due to the variable inductance.
  • a third variant provides that the supply voltage at the input of the inverter is varied with a constant inductance and constant operating frequency of the inverter.
  • Another advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that the lamp power can now be dimmed in a simple manner.
  • further means are provided for varying the nominal value of the output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the modulation conditions described above are maintained so that the advantages as described above are retained. Only the nominal power fed into the lamp changes, so that the brightness is varied accordingly.
  • the output power is preferably modulated such that the stroke of the output power delivered to the high-pressure lamp is between the value zero and twice the nominal power, based on a fast ratio of 1: 1.
  • the definition of the duty cycle is variable, whereby the light quality suffers from flickering if the duty cycle is too large (e.g.> 10: 1).
  • the first exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 shows a high-pressure discharge lamp 1 to be supplied, which can be a customary high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp.
  • a rectifier 4 which is connected to a network 10, is connected to the direct current input of the inverter 3.
  • a frequency adjustment device 9 acts on the control input of the inverter 3.
  • the operating frequency of the inverter is typically between 10 and 100 kHz.
  • the operating frequency of the inverter 3 is now modulated via the frequency adjustment device 9 in such a way that the time profile of the lamp current I L fed into the high-pressure discharge lamp is shown in FIG. 4c.
  • the frequency swing of the frequency adjustment device 9 is adapted in this example so that the output power P varies by the nominal value (100%) fluctuating between the value 0 and 200%. On average, the power delivered to the lamp corresponds to the nominal power.
  • the frequency adjustment device 9 consists of a voltage-frequency converter 9a, a control amplifier 9b and a modulation amplifier 9c.
  • FIG. 4a shows the solution used in the prior art, which consists in applying a constant power to the high-pressure discharge lamp by generating a lamp current I L , which changes over time in a sinusoidal manner, by the inverter.
  • the frequency of the lamp current I L is adapted in accordance with the previously determined resonance conditions of the respective high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, which differs in that the inverter is now operated at a constant operating frequency and instead the inductor 7a in the output circuit of the inverter, which is designed as a transducer, is modulated.
  • the modulation is carried out by means of an inductance adjusting device 7, which emits a time-varying output voltage and consists of a control amplifier 7b and a modulation generator 7c.
  • the time course of the lamp current IL that occurs is shown in FIG. 4d.
  • the time profile of the output power determined by the envelope of the lamp current corresponds to that as shown in FIG. 4b.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 shows that the voltage present at the input of the inverter 3 is varied by means of a voltage adjusting device 6 such that the time profile of the lamp current IL shown in FIG. 4e results.
  • the time profiles of FIGS. 4d and 4e are identical.
  • the voltage adjustment device 6 consists of a modulation generator 6c, a control amplifier 6b and a voltage converter 6a.
  • the nominal value of the output power of the inverter 3 can be influenced by another switching means, without otherwise changing the described modulation conditions.
  • This measure allows the nominal value of the output power fed into the high-pressure discharge lamp to be varied, which enables the lamp to be dimmed.
  • the setpoint Via the current measuring device 2 and a control amplifier 6b, 7b or 9b, the setpoint is compared with the actual value and corrected. It is possible to dim the illuminant down to 25% of the nominal luminous flux, which can result in a maximum energy saving of 65%.
  • the solution according to the invention results in loss reductions of approximately 20% and increased light yields of approximately 10%.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using an invertor (3) supplied via a rectifier (4) from the mains (10) and working at a frequency in the 10 to 100 kHz range which is controlled by a voltage-frequency convertor (9a) with regulation and modulation amplifiers (9b,9c). Inputs to the regulation amplifier (9b) are taken from a current-measuring resistance (2) and a power-setting control (5). The output of the invertor is modulated periodically about its nominal level with a modulation frequency lying between 50 Hz and the working frequency of the invertor. A current-limiting choke (8) is interposed between the measuring resistance and the lamp.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung zum Betrieb einer Hochdruck-Entladungslampe, insbesondere einer Quecksilberdampfhochdrucklampe, einer Metalldampfhochdrucklampe oder einer Natriumdampfhochdrucklampe, bei dem die aus einer Spannungsquelle abgeleitete Gleichspannungsleistung einem Wechselrichter zugeführt wird, der insbesondere über eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel die Hochdruckentladungslampe speist.The invention relates to a method and a device for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp, in which the direct current power derived from a voltage source is fed to an inverter which feeds the high-pressure discharge lamp in particular via a current limiting choke.

Ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art ist beschrieben in "Betriebsgeräte und Schaltung für elektrische Lampen", Herausgeber: Erwin Klein, 6. Auflage 1992, Verlag Siemens AG, Berlin und München. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein elektronisches Vorschaltgerät für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe, beispielsweise eine Halogen-Metalldampflampe (vergl. Bild 4.38), bei der die Lampe über ein von einer Gleichspannungsbatterie versorgtes Vorschaltgerät und ein einen Reihenresonanzkreis enthaltendes Zündgerät mit Leistung versorgt wird.A method of the type mentioned is described in "Control gear and circuit for electric lamps", publisher: Erwin Klein, 6th edition 1992, Verlag Siemens AG, Berlin and Munich. This is an electronic ballast for a high-pressure discharge lamp, for example a metal halide lamp (see Fig. 4.38), in which the lamp is supplied with power via a ballast supplied by a DC battery and an igniter containing a series resonant circuit.

Im Gegensatz zu Leuchtstofflampen kommt der Wahl der Betriebsfrequenz für Vorschaltgeräte von Hochdruckentladungslampen erhebliche Bedeutung zu, da bei Lampen dieses Typs Resonanzeffekte bedingt durch longitudinale Resonanzen innerhalb des rohrförmigen Lampenkörpers auftreten. Die Resonanzfrequenzen hängen dabei nicht nur von der Art des verwendeten Gases und der mittleren Gastemperatur ab, sondern auch von der Brennergeometrie. Daher sind die Resonanzspektren für Hochdruckentladungslampen unterschiedlicher Bauarten verschieden. Es kann aber auch zu Resonanzveränderungen innerhalb einer Serie von Lampen gleicher Bauart kommen. Um einen stabilen Lampenbetrieb zu erreichen, muß die Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters in einen solchen Bereich verlagert werden, in dem keine Resonanzen auftreten. Dies hat den Nachteil, daß für eine bestimmte Lampe nur ein auf diese speziell abgestimmtes Vorschaltgerät eingesetzt werden kann. Verändert sich nämlich die Betriebsfrequenz aus dem zulässigen Frequenzfenster heraus, kommt es aufgrund der Resonanzerscheinungen zu Instabilitäten.In contrast to fluorescent lamps, the choice of the operating frequency for ballasts of high-pressure discharge lamps is of considerable importance, since resonance effects due to longitudinal resonances occur within the tubular lamp body in lamps of this type. The resonance frequencies depend not only on the type of gas used and the average gas temperature, but also on the burner geometry. Therefore, the resonance spectra for high-pressure discharge lamps of different types are different. However, resonance changes can also occur within a series of lamps of the same type. In order to achieve stable lamp operation, the operating frequency of the inverter must be shifted to a range in which no resonances occur. This has the disadvantage that only a ballast specially matched to this can be used for a particular lamp. If the operating frequency changes out of the permissible frequency window, instabilities occur due to the resonance phenomena.

In dem oben beschriebenen Stand der Technik wird daher vorgeschlagen, die Ausgangsfrequenz des Wechselrichters zu modulieren, wobei der Hub der Modulationsfrequenz nicht größer ist als das zulässige Frequenzfenster, damit benachbarte Resonanzfrequenzen nicht angeregt werden.In the prior art described above, it is therefore proposed to modulate the output frequency of the inverter, the stroke of the modulation frequency not being greater than the permissible frequency window, so that adjacent resonance frequencies are not excited.

Der Erfindung liegt davon ausgehend die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bzw. eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, daß zum einen auch Hochdruckentladungslampen mit höherer Leistung, z.B. im Bereich von 70 - 2000 Watt, versorgt werden können und zum anderen die oben beschriebenen Nachteile aufgrund der Resonanzeffekte vermieden werden.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to further develop a method or a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that, on the one hand, high-pressure discharge lamps with a higher output, for example in the range from 70-2000 watts, can be supplied and, on the other hand, the disadvantages described above be avoided due to the resonance effects.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der verfahrensmäßigen Komponente der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß der mit einer Betriebsfrequenz im Bereich von 10 kHz bis 100 kHz arbeitende Wechselrichter mit einer periodisch um den Nennleistungswert modulierten Ausgangsleistung betrieben wird, wobei die Modulationsfrequenz im Bereich oberhalb von 50 Hz und unterhalb der Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters liegt.This object is achieved according to the procedural component of the invention in that the inverter operating at an operating frequency in the range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz is operated with an output power that is periodically modulated by the nominal power value, the modulation frequency being in the range above 50 Hz and below Operating frequency of the inverter is.

Gemäß der vorrichtungsmäßigen Komponente wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß dem mit einer Betriebsfrequenz von 10 kHz bis 100 kHz arbeitenden elektronischen Wechselrichter Mittel zugeordnet sind zur Modulation seiner an die Hochdruckentladungslampe abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung mit einer Modulationsfrequenz im Bereich zwischen 50 Hz und unterhalb der Betriebsfrequenz.According to the device component, this object is achieved in that means are assigned to the electronic inverter operating at an operating frequency of 10 kHz to 100 kHz for modulating its output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp with a modulation frequency in the range between 50 Hz and below the operating frequency.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Ausgangsleistung des Vorschaltgerätes, welche an die Hochdruckentladungslampe abgegeben wird, so moduliert wird, daß eine Resonanzaufschaukelung grundsätzlich vermieden wird. Im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik wird nicht die Wechselrichterfrequenz innerhalb eines vorher festgelegten Frequenzbandes moduliert, sondern die Ausgangsleistung, deren Mittelwert dem Nennwert entspricht. Versuche haben ergeben, daß durch die "gepumpte" Ausgangsleistung, also durch die ständig variierende momentane Leistung keine zu einer Aufschaukelung führende Energieabsorption an den Resonanzstellen erfolgen kann. Die Modulationsfrequenz kann dabei in weiten Bereichen variiert werden, wobei die untere Grenze nur dadurch festgelegt wird, daß ein für das Auge sichtbarer Flimmerbetrieb der Lampe vermieden werden muß. Nach oben hin ist die Modulationsfrequenz lediglich durch die Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters beschränkt, die zwischen 10 kHz und 100 kHz liegt. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung läßt sich das Vorschaltgerät nunmehr universell einsetzen, unabhängig von der Art der Lampe und ohne sich der Gefahr auszusetzen, daß wie beim Stand der Technik bei nicht hinreichender Anpassung von Vorschaltgerät einerseits und Entladungslampe andererseits Instabilitäten auftreten können. Bei einem geringen Aufwand an Schaltungsmitteln und sehr kompakter Bauweise sowie sehr gutem Wirkungsgrad kann die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ein konventionelles Vorschaltgerät nicht nur ersetzen sondern weist darüber hinaus den Vorteil auf, daß der Lichtkomfort erhöht wird, da kein Flimmern eintritt. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich eine längere Lebensdauer der Hochdrucklampe verbunden mit geringeren Kosten für den Arbeitsaufwand zum Austauschen des Leuchtmittels. Darüber hinaus verfügt die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung über ein geringeres Gewicht und kann wahlweise mit Gleichspannung (z.B. Batterieanlagen, Solaranlagen) oder über einen Gleichrichter mit Wechselstromnetzspannung versorgt werden. Darüber hinaus sind keine Kompensationskondensatoren wie bei konventionellen Vorschaltgeräten erforderlich.The invention is characterized in that the output power of the ballast, which is delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp, is modulated so that a resonance build-up is avoided in principle. In contrast to the prior art, it is not the inverter frequency that is modulated within a previously defined frequency band, but rather the output power, whose mean value corresponds to the nominal value. Experiments have shown that the "pumped" output power, that is to say the constantly varying instantaneous power, means that no energy absorption at the resonance points can result in a build-up. The modulation frequency can be varied over a wide range, the lower limit being determined only by the fact that flicker operation of the lamp which is visible to the eye must be avoided. The modulation frequency is only upwards due to the operating frequency of the inverter limited, which is between 10 kHz and 100 kHz. By means of the solution according to the invention, the ballast can now be used universally, regardless of the type of lamp and without exposing itself to the risk that, as in the prior art, on the one hand and inadequate adaptation of ballast and discharge lamp on the other hand, instabilities can occur. With a small amount of circuitry and a very compact design and very good efficiency, the solution according to the invention can not only replace a conventional ballast but also has the advantage that the lighting comfort is increased since there is no flickering. In addition, there is a longer service life for the high-pressure lamp combined with lower costs for the work involved in replacing the lamp. In addition, the device according to the invention is lighter in weight and can optionally be supplied with direct voltage (for example battery systems, solar plants) or with a rectifier with alternating current mains voltage. In addition, no compensation capacitors are required as with conventional ballasts.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen dargestellt. Diese bestehen darin, daß als Mittel zur Modulation der Ausgangsleistung mehrere Varianten möglich sind.Preferred embodiments of the invention are set out in the subclaims. These consist in that several variants are possible as means for modulating the output power.

Zum einen kann die Ausgangsleistung dadurch moduliert werden, daß der Wechselrichter an seinem Steuereingang mit einer variablen Frequenz angesteuert wird. Hierbei wird der Lampenstrom bei höheren Frequenzen aufgrund der konstanten Wechselrichterversorgungsspannung und der konstanten Induktivität periodisch entsprechend dem Frequenzhub variiert.On the one hand, the output power can be modulated by driving the inverter at its control input with a variable frequency. Here, the lamp current at higher frequencies is periodically varied in accordance with the frequency swing due to the constant inverter supply voltage and the constant inductance.

In einer Variante hierzu wird die Ausgangsleistung dadurch moduliert, daß die Induktivität durch eine spannungsvariable Induktivität in Form eines Transduktors ersetzt wird, so daß bei konstanter Betriebsfreuqenz und konstanter Versorgungsspannung des Wechselrichters aufgrund der variablen Induktivität die entsprechende Modulation bewirkt wird.In a variant of this, the output power is modulated in that the inductance is replaced by a voltage-variable inductance in the form of a transducer, so that the corresponding modulation is effected at constant operating frequency and constant supply voltage of the inverter due to the variable inductance.

Schließlich ist in einer dritten Variante vorgesehen, daß bei konstanter Induktivität und konstanter Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters die Versorgungsspannung am Eingang des Wechselrichters variiert wird.Finally, a third variant provides that the supply voltage at the input of the inverter is varied with a constant inductance and constant operating frequency of the inverter.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung wird darin gesehen, daß die Lampenleistung nunmehr auf einfache Weise dimmbar ist. Hierzu sind weitere Mittel vorgesehen zur Variation des Nennwertes der an die Hochdruckentladungslampe abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung. Allerdings werden hierbei die oben beschriebenen Modulationsbedingungen beibehalten, damit die Vorteile, wie sie oben beschrieben wurden, erhalten bleiben. Es ändert sich lediglich die in die Lampe eingespeiste Nennleistung, so daß die Helligkeit entsprechend variiert wird.Another advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that the lamp power can now be dimmed in a simple manner. For this purpose, further means are provided for varying the nominal value of the output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp. However, the modulation conditions described above are maintained so that the advantages as described above are retained. Only the nominal power fed into the lamp changes, so that the brightness is varied accordingly.

Bevorzugt erfolgt die Modulation der Ausgangsleistung derart, daß der Hub der an die Hochdrucklampe abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung zwischen dem Wert Null und der doppelten Nennleistung, bezogen auf ein Fastverhältnis von 1:1 liegt. Generell ist aber die Festlegung des Tastverhältnisses variabel, wobei bei zu großen Tastverhältnissen (z.B > 10:1) die Lichtqualität durch Flackern leidet.The output power is preferably modulated such that the stroke of the output power delivered to the high-pressure lamp is between the value zero and twice the nominal power, based on a fast ratio of 1: 1. In general, however, the definition of the duty cycle is variable, whereby the light quality suffers from flickering if the duty cycle is too large (e.g.> 10: 1).

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

Fig.1
ein Blockschaltbild eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung
Fig. 2
ein Blockschaltbild eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung
Fig. 3
ein Blockschaltbild eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung
Fig. 4
zeitliche Verläufe der Ausgangsleistung bzw. des Lampenstromes IL zur Erläuterung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung, wobei
Fig. 4a
den zeitlichen Verlauf von Leistung P und Lampenstrom IL beim Stand der Technik,
Fig. 4b
den zeitlichen Verlauf der Ausgangsleistung P gemäß der Erfindung,
Fig. 4c
den zeitlichen Verlauf des Lampenstromes gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
Fig. 4d
den zeitlichen Verlauf des Lampenstromes gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung und
Fig. 4e
den zeitlichen Verlauf des Lampenstromes gemäß dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. Show:
Fig. 1
a block diagram of a first embodiment of the invention
Fig. 2
a block diagram of a second embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3
a block diagram of a third embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4
time profiles of the output power or the lamp current I L to explain the solution according to the invention, wherein
Fig. 4a
the time course of power P and lamp current I L in the prior art,
Fig. 4b
the time course of the output power P according to the invention,
Fig. 4c
the time course of the lamp current according to the first embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 4d
the time course of the lamp current according to the second embodiment of the invention and
Fig. 4e
the time course of the lamp current according to the third embodiment of the invention.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte erste Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung zeigt eine zu versorgende Hochdruckentladungslampe 1, die eine übliche Quecksilberdampfhochdrucklampe, eine Metalldampfhochdrucklampe oder eine Natriumdampfhochdrucklampe sein kann.The first exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1 shows a high-pressure discharge lamp 1 to be supplied, which can be a customary high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp.

Diese wird über eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel 8 von einem Wechselrichter 3 gespeist. Am Gleichstromeingang des Wechselrichters 3 ist ein Gleichrichter 4 angeschlossen, welcher mit einem Netz 10 verbunden ist. Auf den Steuereingang des Wechselrichters 3 wirkt eine Frequenzverstellvorrichtung 9 ein.This is fed by an inverter 3 via a current limiting choke 8. A rectifier 4, which is connected to a network 10, is connected to the direct current input of the inverter 3. A frequency adjustment device 9 acts on the control input of the inverter 3.

Die Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters liegt typischerweise zwischen 10 und 100 kHz. Über die Frequenzverstelleinrichtung 9 wird nun die Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters 3 so moduliert, daß sich der in Fig. 4c dargestellte zeitliche Verlauf des in die Hochdruckentladungslampe einsgespeisten Lampenstromes IL ergibt. Dadurch, daß die übrigen Größen des Wechselrichters, nämlich die Wechselrichterausgangsspannung und die Ausgangsinduktivitäten konstant gehalten werden, ergibt sich entsprechend dem Frequenzhub der in Fig. 4b dargestellte zeitliche Verlauf der Ausgangsspannung. Der Frequenzhub der Frequenzverstelleinrichtung 9 ist bei diesem Beispiel so angepaßt, daß die Ausgangsleistung P um den Nennwert (100%) schwankend zwischen dem Wert 0 und 200% variiert. Im Mittelwert ist die an die Lampe abgegebene Leistung entsprechend der Nennleistung. Die Frequenzverstelleinrichtung 9 besteht aus einem Spannungs-Frequenzwandler 9a, einem Regelverstärker 9b und einem Modulationsverstärker 9c.The operating frequency of the inverter is typically between 10 and 100 kHz. The operating frequency of the inverter 3 is now modulated via the frequency adjustment device 9 in such a way that the time profile of the lamp current I L fed into the high-pressure discharge lamp is shown in FIG. 4c. The fact that the other quantities of the inverter, namely the inverter output voltage and the output inductances, are kept constant, results in the time profile of the output voltage shown in FIG. 4b in accordance with the frequency swing. The frequency swing of the frequency adjustment device 9 is adapted in this example so that the output power P varies by the nominal value (100%) fluctuating between the value 0 and 200%. On average, the power delivered to the lamp corresponds to the nominal power. The frequency adjustment device 9 consists of a voltage-frequency converter 9a, a control amplifier 9b and a modulation amplifier 9c.

Im Unterschied zu der oben dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Lösung zeigt Fig. 4a die beim Stand der Technik verwendete Lösung, die darin besteht, die Hochdruckentladungslampe mit einer konstanten Leistung zu beaufschlagen, indem ein sich zeitlich etwa sinusförmig ändernder Lampenstrom IL vom Wechselrichter erzeugt wird. Die Frequenz des Lampenstromes IL wird dabei entsprechend den zuvor ermittelten Resonanzbedingungen der jeweiligen Hochdruckentladungslampe angepaßt.In contrast to the solution according to the invention shown above, FIG. 4a shows the solution used in the prior art, which consists in applying a constant power to the high-pressure discharge lamp by generating a lamp current I L , which changes over time in a sinusoidal manner, by the inverter. The frequency of the lamp current I L is adapted in accordance with the previously determined resonance conditions of the respective high-pressure discharge lamp.

Im Unterschied dazu wird entsprechend der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung durch die ständige Veränderung des Augenblickswertes der Ausgangsleistung einerseits und durch die ständig wechselnde momentane Ausgangsfrequenz des Wechselrichters ein Aufschaukeln an den Resonanzstellen verhindert.In contrast to this, according to the solution according to the invention, the constant change in the instantaneous value of the output power, on the one hand, and the constantly changing instantaneous output frequency of the inverter, on the other hand, prevent rocking at the resonance points.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Variante zu dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels, die sich dadurch unterscheidet, daß der Wechselrichter nunmehr mit einer konstanten Betriebsfrequenz betrieben wird und statt dessen die im Ausgangskreis des Wechselrichters liegende Induktivität 7a die als Transduktor ausgeführt ist, moduliert wird. Die Modulation erfolgt mittels einer Induktivitätsverstelleinrichtung 7, die eine zeitlich veränderliche Ausgangsspannung abgibt, und aus einem Regelverstärker 7b und einem Modulationsgenerator 7c besteht. Der zeitliche Verlauf des dabei auftretenden Lampenstromes IL ist in Fig. 4d dargestellt.Fig. 2 shows a variant of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, which differs in that the inverter is now operated at a constant operating frequency and instead the inductor 7a in the output circuit of the inverter, which is designed as a transducer, is modulated. The modulation is carried out by means of an inductance adjusting device 7, which emits a time-varying output voltage and consists of a control amplifier 7b and a modulation generator 7c. The time course of the lamp current IL that occurs is shown in FIG. 4d.

Der durch die einhüllende des Lampenstromes festgelegte zeitliche Verlauf der Ausgangsleistung entspricht demjenigen, wie er in Fig. 4b dargestellt wird.The time profile of the output power determined by the envelope of the lamp current corresponds to that as shown in FIG. 4b.

In einer dritten Variante zeigt das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, daß die am Eingang des Wechselrichters 3 anstehende Spannung mittels einer Spannungsverstelleinrichtung 6 derart variiert wird, daß sich der in Fig. 4e dargestellte zeitliche Verlauf des Lampenstromes IL ergibt. Dabei sind die zeitlichen Verläufe der Fig. 4d und 4e identisch. Die Spannungsverstelleinrichtung 6 besteht aus einem Modulationsgenerator 6c, einem Regelverstärker 6b und einem Spannungswandler 6a.In a third variant, the exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 shows that the voltage present at the input of the inverter 3 is varied by means of a voltage adjusting device 6 such that the time profile of the lamp current IL shown in FIG. 4e results. The time profiles of FIGS. 4d and 4e are identical. The voltage adjustment device 6 consists of a modulation generator 6c, a control amplifier 6b and a voltage converter 6a.

Auch hierbei ergibt sich der in Fig. 4b dargestellte zeitliche Verlauf der Ausgangsspannung P.The time curve of the output voltage P shown in FIG. 4b also results here.

Allen Ausführungsbeispielen, wie sie in den Fig. 1 - 3 dargestellt wurden, ist gemeinsam, daß durch ein weiteres Schaltmittel, nämlich der Leistungsverstelleinrichtung 5, der Nennwert der Ausgangsleistung des Wechselrichters 3 beeinflußt werden kann, ohne daß sich ansonsten die beschriebenen Modulationsbedingungen ändern. Durch diese Maßnahme läßt sich der Nennwert der in die Hochdruckentladungslampe eingespeisten Ausgangsleistung variieren, wodurch ein Dimmen der Lampe ermöglicht wird. Über die Strommeßeinrichtung 2 und einen Regelverstärker 6b,7b bzw. 9b wird der eingestellte Sollwert mit dem Istwert verglichen und ausgeregelt. Dabei ist ein Dimmen des Leuchtmittels bis herab auf 25% des Nennlichtstromes möglich, wodurch sich eine maximale Energieeinsparung von 65% ergeben kann. Gegenüber herkömmlichen Vorschaltgeräten ergeben sich gemäß der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung Verlustreduzierungen von ca. 20% und erhöhte Lichtausbeuten von ca. 10%.All of the exemplary embodiments, as they were shown in FIGS. 1-3, have in common that the switching power 5, the nominal value of the output power of the inverter 3 can be influenced by another switching means, without otherwise changing the described modulation conditions. This measure allows the nominal value of the output power fed into the high-pressure discharge lamp to be varied, which enables the lamp to be dimmed. Via the current measuring device 2 and a control amplifier 6b, 7b or 9b, the setpoint is compared with the actual value and corrected. It is possible to dim the illuminant down to 25% of the nominal luminous flux, which can result in a maximum energy saving of 65%. Compared to conventional ballasts, the solution according to the invention results in loss reductions of approximately 20% and increased light yields of approximately 10%.

Claims (7)

Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Hochdruckentladungslampe, insbesondere einer Quecksilberdampfhochdrucklampe, einer Metalldampfhochdrucklampe oder einer Natriumdampfhochdrucklampe, bei dem die aus einer Spannungsquelle (10) abgeleitete Gleichspannungsleistung einem Wechselrichter (3) zugeführt wird, der insbesondere über eine Strombegrenzungsdrossel (8) die Hochdruckentladungslampe speist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der mit einer Betriebsfrequenz im Bereich von 10 kHz bis 100 kHz arbeitende Wechselrichter (3) mit einer periodisch um den Nennleistungswert modulierten Ausgangsleistung betrieben wird, wobei die Modulationsfrequenz im Bereich oberhalb von 50 Hz und unterhalb der Betriebsfrequenz des Wechselrichters liegt.Method for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal vapor lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp, in which the direct voltage power derived from a voltage source (10) is fed to an inverter (3), which in particular feeds the high pressure discharge lamp via a current limiting choke (8),
characterized in that the inverter (3) operating at an operating frequency in the range from 10 kHz to 100 kHz is operated with an output power which is periodically modulated by the nominal power value, the modulation frequency being in the range above 50 Hz and below the operating frequency of the inverter. Vorrichtung zur Speisung einer Hochdruckentladungslampe, insbesondere einer Quecksilberdampfhochdrucklampe, einer Metalldampfhochdrucklampe oder einer Natriumdampfhochdrucklampe, mit einem von aus einer Spannungsquelle (10) abgeleiteten Gleichspannung beaufschlagten Wechselrichter (3), der über einen Induktivitätskreis (8) zur Strombegrenzung die Hochdrucklampe (1) speist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem mit einer Betriebsfrequenz von 10 kHz bis 100 kHz arbeitenden elektronischen Wechselrichter (3) Mittel (5-9) zugeordnet sind zur Modulation seiner an die Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung mit einer Modulationsfrequenz im Bereich von oberhalb 50 Hz und unterhalb der Betriebsfrequenz.Device for supplying a high-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a high-pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure metal vapor lamp or a high-pressure sodium lamp, with an inverter (3) which is supplied with direct voltage from a voltage source (10) and which feeds the high-pressure lamp (1) via an inductance circuit (8) to limit the current.
characterized in that the operating at an operating frequency of 10 kHz to 100 kHz Electronic inverters (3) are assigned means (5-9) for modulating its output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp (1) with a modulation frequency in the range from above 50 Hz and below the operating frequency. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Modulationsmittel eine auf den Steuereingang des Wechselrichters wirkende Frequenzverstelleinrichtung (9) vorgesehen ist (Fig. 1).Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that a frequency adjustment device (9) acting on the control input of the inverter is provided as the modulation means (FIG. 1). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Modulationsmittel eine auf den Leistungseingang des Wechselrichters wirkende Spannungsvariationsstufe (6) vorgesehen ist (Fig. 3).Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that a voltage variation stage (6) acting on the power input of the inverter is provided as the modulation means (FIG. 3). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Modulationsmittel eine auf den einen Transduktor (7a) enthaltenden Induktivitätskreis wirkende Induktivitätsvariationsstufe (7) vorgesehen ist (Fig. 2).Device according to claim 2,
characterized in that an inductance variation stage (7) acting on the inductance circuit containing a transducer (7a) is provided as modulation means (Fig. 2). Vorrichtung nach einer der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Dämmung der Lampe (1) weitere Mittel zur Variation des Nennwertes der an die Hochdruckentladungslampe abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung unter Beibehaltung der Modulationsbedingungen vorgesehen sind.Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that additional means for varying the nominal value of the output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp are provided for insulating the lamp (1) while maintaining the modulation conditions. Vorrichtug nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hub der an die Hochdruckentladungslampe (1) abgegebenen Ausgangsleistung zwischen dem Wert Null und der doppelten Nennleistung, bezogen auf ein Tastverhältnis von 1:1 liegt.Device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the stroke of the output power delivered to the high-pressure discharge lamp (1) is between the value zero and twice the nominal power, based on a pulse duty factor of 1: 1.
EP95107865A 1995-05-23 1995-05-23 Device and process for operating a high pressure discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0744883B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

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EP95107865A EP0744883B1 (en) 1995-05-23 1995-05-23 Device and process for operating a high pressure discharge lamp
AT95107865T ATE261235T1 (en) 1995-05-23 1995-05-23 PROCEDURE OR DEVICE FOR OPERATING A HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP
DE59510867T DE59510867D1 (en) 1995-05-23 1995-05-23 Method and device for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95107865A EP0744883B1 (en) 1995-05-23 1995-05-23 Device and process for operating a high pressure discharge lamp

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EP0744883A1 true EP0744883A1 (en) 1996-11-27
EP0744883B1 EP0744883B1 (en) 2004-03-03

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EP0785702A3 (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-03-25 Osram Sylvania Inc. Methods and apparatus for operating a discharge lamp
EP0837620A2 (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-04-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Operating method and operating apparatus for a high pressure discharge lamp
WO1998035538A1 (en) * 1997-02-08 1998-08-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for determining the resonance frequency of an electric resonant circuit
EP0893943A1 (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-01-27 F. Verdeyen N.V. Inverter for a gas discharge lamp and stepwise variable frequencies
US6124683A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-09-26 Osram Sylvania Inc. System for and method of operating a mercury free discharge lamp
EP1087644A1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-03-28 Valeo Vision Improvements in driving of discharge lamps in particular for vehicle headlamps
US6229269B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-05-08 Osram Sylvania Inc. System for and method of operating a discharge lamp
WO2003015480A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-20 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for color mixing of hid lamps operated at vhf frequencies using duty cycle modulation
WO2003017736A1 (en) * 2001-08-15 2003-02-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for operating a hid lamp using duty cycle modulation
WO2005098902A3 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-03-16 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv High-pressure sodium lamp
WO2007068603A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-21 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Circuit arrangement and method for the operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0785702A3 (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-03-25 Osram Sylvania Inc. Methods and apparatus for operating a discharge lamp
EP0837620B1 (en) * 1996-10-21 2003-03-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Operating method and operating apparatus for a high pressure discharge lamp
EP0837620A2 (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-04-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Operating method and operating apparatus for a high pressure discharge lamp
WO1998035538A1 (en) * 1997-02-08 1998-08-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for determining the resonance frequency of an electric resonant circuit
US6546346B1 (en) 1997-02-08 2003-04-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for determining the resonance frequency of an electric resonant circuit
EP0893943A1 (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-01-27 F. Verdeyen N.V. Inverter for a gas discharge lamp and stepwise variable frequencies
US6124683A (en) * 1999-04-14 2000-09-26 Osram Sylvania Inc. System for and method of operating a mercury free discharge lamp
US6229269B1 (en) 1999-05-21 2001-05-08 Osram Sylvania Inc. System for and method of operating a discharge lamp
US6556463B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2003-04-29 Valeo Vision Reduced electronic noise power supply to discharge lamps, especially for motor vehicle headlights
FR2799062A1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-03-30 Valeo Vision IMPROVEMENTS IN ORDERING THE SUPPLY OF DISCHARGE LAMPS, ESPECIALLY A MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR
EP1087644A1 (en) * 1999-09-27 2001-03-28 Valeo Vision Improvements in driving of discharge lamps in particular for vehicle headlamps
WO2003015480A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-20 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for color mixing of hid lamps operated at vhf frequencies using duty cycle modulation
WO2003017736A1 (en) * 2001-08-15 2003-02-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method for operating a hid lamp using duty cycle modulation
WO2005098902A3 (en) * 2004-04-09 2006-03-16 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv High-pressure sodium lamp
WO2007068603A1 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-06-21 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Circuit arrangement and method for the operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps
US7839093B2 (en) 2005-12-14 2010-11-23 Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Circuit arrangement with continuously oscillating modulated operating frequency, and method, for the operation of high-pressure gas discharge lamps

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ATE261235T1 (en) 2004-03-15
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