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EP0728948B1 - Scroll vacuum pump - Google Patents

Scroll vacuum pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0728948B1
EP0728948B1 EP96400386A EP96400386A EP0728948B1 EP 0728948 B1 EP0728948 B1 EP 0728948B1 EP 96400386 A EP96400386 A EP 96400386A EP 96400386 A EP96400386 A EP 96400386A EP 0728948 B1 EP0728948 B1 EP 0728948B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
axis
fixed
disc
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96400386A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0728948A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Pottier
Rémy Leclaire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALEXIS VULLIEZ
ANTOINE VULLIEZ
FLORENCE GAUTIER NEE VULLIEZ
GUILLAUME VULLIEZ
JACQUES VULLIEZ
Original Assignee
S B P V Brevets P Vulliez Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S B P V Brevets P Vulliez Ste filed Critical S B P V Brevets P Vulliez Ste
Publication of EP0728948A1 publication Critical patent/EP0728948A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0728948B1 publication Critical patent/EP0728948B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
    • F04C29/005—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F04C29/0057—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions for eccentric movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C17/00—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F01C21/102—Adjustment of the interstices between moving and fixed parts of the machine by means other than fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F04C18/0223—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving with symmetrical double wraps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pump, in particular a vacuum pump, with a cycle. of circular translation.
  • a translation cycle vacuum pump circular comprising a fixed body having a fixed disc which has on at least one of its sides a spiral-shaped projection, an opposite movable disc with fixed disc and also having at least one spiral-shaped projection interspersed with the spiral-shaped projection of the fixed disc and similarly angular amplitude, a mechanism by which the movable disc is connected to said body and supported by it, to command a translational movement circular of the movable disc with respect to said body during operation of the pump, motor means for driving the movable disc by through a pump shaft and make it perform said movement of circular translation, said pump also comprising a limiting device of circular translation deflection guiding the movable disc in its circular translational movement avoiding any twisting.
  • a pump of this type is for example described in FR-A-2 141 402. If such a pump according to this document gives excellent results, it has however the inconvenience of having many parts and being bulky especially radially taking into account in particular the fact that said mechanism consists of three cranks so coupled synchronized with each other and arranged at the periphery of the pump, these cranks ensuring by itself the limitation of the travel of circular translation.
  • a translation cycle vacuum pump circular comprising a fixed body having at least one fixed disc which has on one of its sides a spiral-shaped projection, a movable disc opposite the fixed disc and also having at least one spiral-shaped projection interspersed with the spiral-shaped projection of the fixed disc and similarly angular amplitude, a mechanism by which the movable disc is connected to said body and supported by it, to command a translational movement circular of the movable disc with respect to said body during operation of the pump, motor means for driving the movable disc by through a pump shaft and make it perform said movement of circular translation, said pump also comprising a limiting device of circular translation movement, said mechanism comprising at at least one bearing carried by the pump shaft, said pump shaft being in central position relative to the fixed body.
  • a pump of the above type includes a travel limiting device circular translation consisting of a crown having fixed teeth between which overlap teeth secured to the movable disc.
  • a travel limiting device circular translation consisting of a crown having fixed teeth between which overlap teeth secured to the movable disc.
  • the invention provides an angular deflection device which is more easy to carry out and which ensures perfect guiding of the translational movement circular of the movable disc, without any twist.
  • the fixed teeth are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis of the pump and the section of which, by a plane perpendicular to said axis, is composed of arcs of circles of radii R and r, respectively, whose centers are on a circle of radius R p centered on said axis, arcs extending inside and arcs extending outside said circle of centers.
  • a limiting device thus designed is capable of ensuring the travel limitation or anti-torsion function, even when the pump is dimensioned to generate large volumes which can go up to 100 m 3 / h, or even 500 m 3 / h, and even beyond.
  • the movable teeth are limited by surfaces cylindrical with an axis parallel to the axis of the pump and whose section, by a plane perpendicular to said axis, is composed of arcs of the same circles extending outside and inside, respectively, of said circle of centers.
  • the radius of the crank is adjustable.
  • the axis of the passage which receives the end of the shaft of pump is slightly offset from the axis of the outer surface of the bearing in which said passage is formed and which supports the movable disc by means of bearings received by said outer surface;
  • the eccentric bearing of the pump shaft has its axis offset with respect to the axis of a ring which surrounds it and which receives a bearing for a bearing hub.
  • said mechanism comprises two bearings, both carried by the pump shaft, and spaced axially.
  • the pump also comprises a metal bellows seal surrounding the pump shaft and one end of which is integral with the movable disc and the other of the fixed body.
  • the pump only comprises a single spiral projection on the fixed disc and a single spiral projection on the movable disc.
  • the spiral projections of the fixed disc and the projections spiral of the moving disc are separated by a small constant play whatever the position of the moving disc.
  • a pump according to the invention comprises a fixed body 100 consisting of a sleeve 111, a spacer 112 and a flange 114, assembled by screws such as 115, with interposition of seals 116, 117; the flange 114 presents, side facing inward, i.e. towards sleeve 111, a protrusion spiral shape 123, with which a projection in the form of a spiral 133 of the same angular amplitude presented by a movable plate 131 on one side of this plate 131; on the other side of this movable tray, this one supports thanks to screws 171 a barrel 170 of generally cylindrical shape.
  • spiral projections 123 and 133 are separated by a small clearance constant whatever the position of the moving disc 131; in figure 3, this clearance, usually in the range of tens of microns, has been exaggerated to be visible.
  • the barrel 170 On the side of its end by which it is fixed to the plate 131, the barrel 170 has a radial rim 181 extended towards the inside of the barrel 170 by a ring 182 supporting rolling means 148 installed inside the ring 182; the rolling means 148 surround a bearing 147 on which they are mounted, said bearing 147 internally having a passage 183 of frustoconical shape with the largest diameter opening located towards the inside of the bole 170.
  • the sleeve 111 On the side opposite to that which cooperates with the spacer 112, the sleeve 111 has radial arms 177 directed towards the inside of the sleeve 111, for example three radial arms 177 spaced 120 degrees apart, only one being visible in Figure 3; from the inner end of the arms 177 extends axially, along the axis 155 of the pump, and inside the sleeve 111, a barrel 180 of generally cylindrical shape, the barrel 180 also extending inside the barrel 170; near its innermost end by relative to the sleeve 111, the barrel 180 supports from the outside means of bearing 184.
  • the radial fingers 177 of the sleeve 111 support by screws 176 a casing 174 connecting the pump to a motor 120 partially shown which shows at 121 the end of the motor shaft; the housing 174 has an inner wall 175 carrying a rolling bearing 173.
  • the pump includes a pump shaft 140; the pump shaft 140 has a frustoconical end 144, the shape of which is complementary to that of passage 183 of bearing 147; the bearing 147 is integral with the end 144 of the pump shaft 140 by fitting and tightening in 185; the other end 172 of the shaft 140 is intended for the rotational drive of the shaft 140 by the motor 120; to do this, the motor shaft 121 is integral, thanks to a key 122, in rotation of a driving nut 129, the end 172 of the pump shaft 140 being integral, thanks to a key 188, in rotation of a driven nut 186; the leading nuts 129 and led 186 carry fingers 128, 187 respectively connected by a flexible coupling 149.
  • the pump shaft 140 has two cylindrical bearings having for axis the axis 155 of the pump: a bearing 179 in its central region cooperating with the rolling means 184 and a range 189 close to its end 172 and supported by the rolling bearing 173; the tapered end 144 axis 140 has axis 165 as axis which is offset from axis 155 while staying parallel to it, and which is the axis of the bole 170.
  • a device for limiting the movement of circular translation 200 which, according to the invention, consists of a ring 201 having teeth 202 integral with the frame 100 between which nests 212 teeth formed at the 'free transverse end of barrel 170 mobile; as is better visible in Figures 3 to 5, the fixed teeth 202 and mobile 212 have semi-circular profiles constructed from circles of radii R and r whose centers are on a so-called primitive circle of radius R p ; more precisely, the fixed teeth 202 are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis 155 and the section of which, by a plane perpendicular to the axis 155, is composed of arcs of circles 203, 204 of radii respectively R and r, the centers of which are on a circle 205 of radius R p and centered on the axis 155, the arcs 203 extending inside the circle 205 and the arcs 204 outside; the movable teeth 212 are limited by cylindrical surfaces
  • the invention also provides for allowing adjustment of the offset, as shown in Figures 6 and 7; according to Figure 6, the axis of the end frustoconical 144 of the pump shaft 140, and therefore the axis of the passage 183 which la receives, is slightly offset from the axis 165 of the outer surface 192 of the bearing 147 which receives the bearings 148 which support the barrel 170; the eccentricity E being the transverse difference between this axis 165 and the axis 155 of the cylindrical bearing surface 179 of the pump shaft 140, mechanically linked to the frustoconical part 144, it can be seen that it suffices to turn the bearing 147 relative to it so that the distance between the axis 165 and the axis 155, that is to say the offset E, varies.
  • a similar arrangement makes it possible to adjust the offset E at the right bearing means 190; as seen in figure 7, the eccentric reach 178 of the pump shaft 140 has its axis offset from the axis of a ring 193 which surrounds it and which receives the bearing of the bearing hub 190; the also, by rotating the ring 193 relative to the shaft 140 on modifies the distance between axes 155 and 165.
  • the pump which has just been described has an arrangement such as the plane of inertia of the moving masses is located axially to the right of the spacer 112; thus, a single dynamic balancing mass 197 located in this region, joined to bearing 147, is sufficient for balancing all.
  • the suction 156 of the pump is provided radially in the spacer 112 and the discharge 157 is axial, downstream of a non-return valve 159.
  • the pumped fluid is subjected to the effect continuous and progressive compression due to translation travel circular of movable spiral projections with respect to fixed spiral projections.
  • the metal bellows 160 used to completely seal the pumping system is thus positively protected against any effort of functional or accidental torsion due to the limiting device 200; the duration of life of the bellows 160 is therefore practically unlimited.
  • Such a pump intended to generate volumes of up to 500 m 3 / hour or more is advantageously provided with a cooling oil circuit, the entry of which can be seen in 198 in FIG. 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Non-Positive Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne une pompe, notamment à vide, à cycle de translation circulaire.The present invention relates to a pump, in particular a vacuum pump, with a cycle. of circular translation.

Plus précisément, elle concerne une pompe à vide à cycle de translation circulaire comportant un corps fixe ayant un disque fixe qui présente sur au moins un de ses côtés une saillie en forme de spirale, un disque mobile opposé au disque fixe et ayant également au moins une saillie en forme de spirale intercalée avec la saillie en forme de spirale du disque fixe et de même amplitude angulaire, un mécanisme par lequel le disque mobile est relié audit corps et supporté par lui, pour commander un mouvement de translation circulaire du disque mobile par rapport audit corps pendant le fonctionnement de la pompe, des moyens moteurs pour entraíner le disque mobile par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre de pompe et lui faire effectuer ledit mouvement de translation circulaire, ladite pompe comportant également un dispositif limiteur de débattement de translation circulaire guidant le disque mobile dans son mouvement de translation circulaire en évitant toute torsion.More specifically, it relates to a translation cycle vacuum pump circular comprising a fixed body having a fixed disc which has on at least one of its sides a spiral-shaped projection, an opposite movable disc with fixed disc and also having at least one spiral-shaped projection interspersed with the spiral-shaped projection of the fixed disc and similarly angular amplitude, a mechanism by which the movable disc is connected to said body and supported by it, to command a translational movement circular of the movable disc with respect to said body during operation of the pump, motor means for driving the movable disc by through a pump shaft and make it perform said movement of circular translation, said pump also comprising a limiting device of circular translation deflection guiding the movable disc in its circular translational movement avoiding any twisting.

Une pompe de ce type est par exemple décrite dans FR-A-2 141 402. Si une telle pompe selon ce document donne d'excellents résultats, elle présente toutefois l'inconvenient de comporter de nombreuses pièces et d'être encombrante notamment radialement compte tenu en particulier du fait que ledit mécanisme est constitué de trois manivelles accouplées de manière synchronisée les unes avec les autres et disposées à la périphérie de la pompe, ces manivelles assurant par elle-même la limitation du débattement de translation circulaire.A pump of this type is for example described in FR-A-2 141 402. If such a pump according to this document gives excellent results, it has however the inconvenience of having many parts and being bulky especially radially taking into account in particular the fact that said mechanism consists of three cranks so coupled synchronized with each other and arranged at the periphery of the pump, these cranks ensuring by itself the limitation of the travel of circular translation.

Pour éviter ces inconvénients, on a déjà proposé, comme par exemple dans le document US-A-4 795 323, une pompe à vide à cycle de translation circulaire comportant un corps fixe ayant au moins un disque fixe qui présente sur un de ses côtés une saillie en forme de spirale, un disque mobile opposé au disque fixe et ayant également au moins une saillie en forme de spirale intercalée avec la saillie en forme de spirale du disque fixe et de même amplitude angulaire, un mécanisme par lequel le disque mobile est relié audit corps et supporté par lui, pour commander un mouvement de translation circulaire du disque mobile par rapport audit corps pendant le fonctionnement de la pompe, des moyens moteurs pour entraíner le disque mobile par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre de pompe et lui faire effectuer ledit mouvement de translation circulaire, ladite pompe comportant également un dispositif limiteur de débattement de translation circulaire, ledit mécanisme comprenant au moins un palier porté par l'arbre de pompe, ledit arbre de pompe étant en position centrale par rapport au corps fixe.To avoid these drawbacks, it has already been proposed, such as for example in document US-A-4 795 323, a translation cycle vacuum pump circular comprising a fixed body having at least one fixed disc which has on one of its sides a spiral-shaped projection, a movable disc opposite the fixed disc and also having at least one spiral-shaped projection interspersed with the spiral-shaped projection of the fixed disc and similarly angular amplitude, a mechanism by which the movable disc is connected to said body and supported by it, to command a translational movement circular of the movable disc with respect to said body during operation of the pump, motor means for driving the movable disc by through a pump shaft and make it perform said movement of circular translation, said pump also comprising a limiting device of circular translation movement, said mechanism comprising at at least one bearing carried by the pump shaft, said pump shaft being in central position relative to the fixed body.

Dans le document PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, n° 71 (M-202) [1216], correspondant à la demande de brevet JP-A-57 212 303, une pompe du genre ci-dessus comporte un dispositif limiteur de débattement de translation circulaire constitué d'une couronne ayant des dents fixes entre lesquelles s'imbriquent des dents solidaires du disque mobile. Ici, sont prévues un grand nombre de petites dents fixes et autant de dents mobiles, celles-ci ne différant de celles-là que par leur module.In PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, n ° 71 (M-202) [1216], corresponding to patent application JP-A-57 212 303, a pump of the above type includes a travel limiting device circular translation consisting of a crown having fixed teeth between which overlap teeth secured to the movable disc. Here are provided a large number of small fixed teeth and as many movable teeth, these do not differing from these only by their module.

L'invention propose un dispositif de débattement angulaire qui soit plus facile à réaliser et qui assure un guidage parfait du mouvement de translation circulaire du disque mobile, sans aucune torsion.The invention provides an angular deflection device which is more easy to carry out and which ensures perfect guiding of the translational movement circular of the movable disc, without any twist.

Selon l'invention, les dents fixes sont limitées par des surfaces cylindriques d'axe parallèle à l'axe de la pompe et dont la section, par un plan perpendiculaire audit axe, est composée d'arcs de cercles de rayons R et r, respectivement, dont les centres sont sur un cercle de rayon Rp centré sur ledit axe, des arcs s'étendant à l'intérieur et des arcs s'étendant à l'extérieur dudit cercle des centres.According to the invention, the fixed teeth are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis of the pump and the section of which, by a plane perpendicular to said axis, is composed of arcs of circles of radii R and r, respectively, whose centers are on a circle of radius R p centered on said axis, arcs extending inside and arcs extending outside said circle of centers.

Un dispositif limiteur ainsi conçu est capable d'assurer la fonction limitation du débattement, ou anti-torsion, même lorsque la pompe est dimensionnée pour engendrer des volumes importants pouvant aller jusqu'à 100 m3/h, voire 500 m3/h, et même au delà.A limiting device thus designed is capable of ensuring the travel limitation or anti-torsion function, even when the pump is dimensioned to generate large volumes which can go up to 100 m 3 / h, or even 500 m 3 / h, and even beyond.

Avantageusement, les dents mobiles sont limitées par des surfaces cylindriques d'axe parallèle à l'axe de la pompe et dont la section, par un plan perpendiculaire audit axe, est composée d'arcs des mêmes cercles s'étendant à l'extérieur et à l'intérieur, respectivement, dudit cercle des centres. Advantageously, the movable teeth are limited by surfaces cylindrical with an axis parallel to the axis of the pump and whose section, by a plane perpendicular to said axis, is composed of arcs of the same circles extending outside and inside, respectively, of said circle of centers.

De préférence, α étant l'angle entre deux dents fixes ou mobiles et E l'excentration, qui correspond au rayon du cylindre décrit par l'axe mobile autour de l'axe fixe de la pompe, R = RpSin α / 4 + E / 2 et r = RpSin α / 4 - E / 2.Preferably, α being the angle between two fixed or mobile teeth and E the eccentricity, which corresponds to the radius of the cylinder described by the mobile axis around the fixed axis of the pump, R = R p Sin α / 4 + E / 2 and r = R p Sin α / 4 - E / 2.

Avantageusement, le rayon de manivelle est réglable.Advantageously, the radius of the crank is adjustable.

De préférence, l'axe du passage qui reçoit l'extrémité de l'arbre de pompe est légèrement décalé par rapport à l'axe de la surface extérieure du palier dans lequel est ménagé ledit passage et qui supporte le disque mobile par l'intermédiaire de roulements reçus par ladite surface extérieure ; avantageusement, la portée excentrée de l'arbre de pompe a son axe décalé par rapport à l'axe d'une bague qui l'entoure et qui reçoit un roulement pour un moyeu de palier.Preferably, the axis of the passage which receives the end of the shaft of pump is slightly offset from the axis of the outer surface of the bearing in which said passage is formed and which supports the movable disc by means of bearings received by said outer surface; advantageously, the eccentric bearing of the pump shaft has its axis offset with respect to the axis of a ring which surrounds it and which receives a bearing for a bearing hub.

De préférence, ledit mécanisme comprend deux paliers portés tous deux par l'arbre de pompe, et espacés axialement.Preferably, said mechanism comprises two bearings, both carried by the pump shaft, and spaced axially.

Avantageusement, la pompe comprend en outre un soufflet métallique d'étanchéité entourant l'arbre de pompe et dont une extrémité est solidaire du disque mobile et l'autre du corps fixe.Advantageously, the pump also comprises a metal bellows seal surrounding the pump shaft and one end of which is integral with the movable disc and the other of the fixed body.

De préférence, la pompe ne comprend qu'une seule saillie en spirale sur le disque fixe et une seule saillie en spirale sur le disque mobile.Preferably, the pump only comprises a single spiral projection on the fixed disc and a single spiral projection on the movable disc.

Avantageusement, les saillies en spirale du disque fixe et les saillies en spirale du disque mobile sont séparées par un petit jeu constant quelle que soit la position du disque mobile.Advantageously, the spiral projections of the fixed disc and the projections spiral of the moving disc are separated by a small constant play whatever the position of the moving disc.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle d'une pompe selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 4 et 5 sont des schémas géométriques montrant la construction des dents du dispositif de la figure 3 ;
  • les figures 6 et 7 sont des coupes, à plus grande échelle, selon les lignes VI-VI et VII-VII, respectivement, de la figure 1.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of example with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a pump according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figures 4 and 5 are geometric diagrams showing the construction of the teeth of the device of Figure 3;
  • Figures 6 and 7 are sections, on a larger scale, along lines VI-VI and VII-VII, respectively, of Figure 1.

En se reportant aux figures 1 à 7, une pompe selon l'invention comprend un corps fixe 100 constitué d'un manchon 111, d'une entretoise 112 et d'un flasque 114, assemblés par des vis telles que 115, avec interposition de joints d'étanchéité 116, 117 ; le flasque 114 présente, du côté dirigé vers l'intérieur, c'est-à-dire vers le manchon 111, une saillie en forme de spirale 123, avec laquelle est intercalée une saillie en forme de spirale 133 de même amplitude angulaire présentée par un plateau mobile 131 d'un côté de ce plateau 131 ; de l'autre côté de ce plateau mobile, celui-ci supporte grâce à des vis 171 un fût 170 de forme générale cylindrique.Referring to Figures 1 to 7, a pump according to the invention comprises a fixed body 100 consisting of a sleeve 111, a spacer 112 and a flange 114, assembled by screws such as 115, with interposition of seals 116, 117; the flange 114 presents, side facing inward, i.e. towards sleeve 111, a protrusion spiral shape 123, with which a projection in the form of a spiral 133 of the same angular amplitude presented by a movable plate 131 on one side of this plate 131; on the other side of this movable tray, this one supports thanks to screws 171 a barrel 170 of generally cylindrical shape.

Les saillies en spirale 123 et 133 sont séparées par un petit jeu constant quelle que soit la position du disque mobile 131 ; sur la figure 3, ce jeu, en général de l'ordre de dizaines de microns, a été exagéré pour être visible.The spiral projections 123 and 133 are separated by a small clearance constant whatever the position of the moving disc 131; in figure 3, this clearance, usually in the range of tens of microns, has been exaggerated to be visible.

Du côté de son extrémité par laquelle il est fixé au plateau 131, le fût 170 présente un rebord radial 181 prolongé vers l'intérieur du fût 170 par une bague 182 supportant des moyens de roulement 148 installés à l'intérieur de la bague 182 ; les moyens de roulement 148 entourent un palier 147 sur lequel ils sont montés, ledit palier 147 présentant intérieurement un passage 183 de forme tronconique dont l'ouverture de plus grand diamètre est située vers l'intérieur du fût 170.On the side of its end by which it is fixed to the plate 131, the barrel 170 has a radial rim 181 extended towards the inside of the barrel 170 by a ring 182 supporting rolling means 148 installed inside the ring 182; the rolling means 148 surround a bearing 147 on which they are mounted, said bearing 147 internally having a passage 183 of frustoconical shape with the largest diameter opening located towards the inside of the bole 170.

Du côté opposé à celui qui coopère avec l'entretoise 112, le manchon 111 présente des bras radiaux 177 dirigés vers l'intérieur du manchon 111, par exemple trois bras radiaux 177 espacés de 120 degrés, un seul étant visible sur la figure 3 ; depuis l'extrémité intérieure des bras 177 s'étend axialement, selon l'axe 155 de la pompe, et à l'intérieur du manchon 111, un canon 180 de forme générale cylindrique, le canon 180 s'étendant également à l'intérieur du fût 170 ; au voisinage de son extrémité la plus intérieure par rapport au manchon 111, le canon 180 supporte par l'extérieur des moyens de roulement 184.On the side opposite to that which cooperates with the spacer 112, the sleeve 111 has radial arms 177 directed towards the inside of the sleeve 111, for example three radial arms 177 spaced 120 degrees apart, only one being visible in Figure 3; from the inner end of the arms 177 extends axially, along the axis 155 of the pump, and inside the sleeve 111, a barrel 180 of generally cylindrical shape, the barrel 180 also extending inside the barrel 170; near its innermost end by relative to the sleeve 111, the barrel 180 supports from the outside means of bearing 184.

Extérieurement, les doigts radiaux 177 du manchon 111 supportent par des vis 176 un carter 174 reliant la pompe à un moteur 120 partiellement représenté dont on voit en 121 l'extrémité de l'arbre moteur ; le carter 174 présente un voile intérieur 175 portant un palier à roulement 173.Externally, the radial fingers 177 of the sleeve 111 support by screws 176 a casing 174 connecting the pump to a motor 120 partially shown which shows at 121 the end of the motor shaft; the housing 174 has an inner wall 175 carrying a rolling bearing 173.

La pompe comporte un arbre de pompe 140 ; l'arbre de pompe 140 présente une extrémité tronconique 144, dont la forme est complémentaire de celle du passage 183 du palier 147 ; le palier 147 est solidaire de l'extrémité 144 de l'arbre de pompe 140 par emboítement et serrage en 185 ; l'autre extrémité 172 de l'arbre 140 est destinée à l'entraínement en rotation de l'arbre 140 par le moteur 120 ; pour ce faire, l'arbre moteur 121 est solidaire, grâce à une clavette 122, en rotation d'une noix menante 129, l'extrémité 172 de l'arbre de pompe 140 étant solidaire, grâce à une clavette 188, en rotation d'une noix menée 186 ; les noix menante 129 et menée 186 portent des doigts respectivement 128, 187 reliés par un accouplement souple 149.The pump includes a pump shaft 140; the pump shaft 140 has a frustoconical end 144, the shape of which is complementary to that of passage 183 of bearing 147; the bearing 147 is integral with the end 144 of the pump shaft 140 by fitting and tightening in 185; the other end 172 of the shaft 140 is intended for the rotational drive of the shaft 140 by the motor 120; to do this, the motor shaft 121 is integral, thanks to a key 122, in rotation of a driving nut 129, the end 172 of the pump shaft 140 being integral, thanks to a key 188, in rotation of a driven nut 186; the leading nuts 129 and led 186 carry fingers 128, 187 respectively connected by a flexible coupling 149.

L'arbre de pompe 140 présente deux portées cylindriques ayant pour axe l'axe 155 de la pompe : une portée 179 dans sa région centrale coopérant avec les moyens de roulement 184 et une portée 189 proche de son extrémité 172 et supportée par le palier à roulement 173 ; l'extrémité tronconique 144 de l'arbre 140 a pour axe l'axe 165 qui est décalé par rapport à l'axe 155 tout en restant parallèle à lui, et qui est l'axe du fût 170.The pump shaft 140 has two cylindrical bearings having for axis the axis 155 of the pump: a bearing 179 in its central region cooperating with the rolling means 184 and a range 189 close to its end 172 and supported by the rolling bearing 173; the tapered end 144 axis 140 has axis 165 as axis which is offset from axis 155 while staying parallel to it, and which is the axis of the bole 170.

Pour assurer le parallélisme rigoureux entre les axes 155 et 165, on peut, comme le montre la variante représentée, prévoir une autre portée 178 excentrée par rapport à l'axe 155 ; cette portée 178 d'axe 165 supporte un moyen de palier 190 relié au fût 170 par des bras radiaux 191 intercalés circonférentiellement entre les bras radiaux 177 solidaires du manchon 111. To ensure rigorous parallelism between axes 155 and 165, we may, as shown in the variant shown, provide for another range 178 off-center with respect to axis 155; this bearing 178 of axis 165 supports a bearing means 190 connected to the barrel 170 by interposed radial arms 191 circumferentially between the radial arms 177 integral with the sleeve 111.

Selon une particularité importante, il est prévu un dispositif limiteur de débattement de translation circulaire 200 qui, selon l'invention, est constitué d'une couronne 201 ayant des dents 202 solidaires du bâti 100 entre lesquelles s'imbriquent des dents 212 ménagées à l'extrémité transversale libre du fût 170 mobile ; comme cela est mieux visible sur les figures 3 à 5, les dents fixes 202 et mobiles 212 ont des profils semi-circulaires construits à partir de cercles de rayons R et r dont les centres sont sur un cercle dit primitif de rayon Rp ; plus précisément, les dents fixes 202 sont limitées par des surfaces cylindriques d'axe parallèle à l'axe 155 et dont la section, par un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe 155, est composée d'arcs de cercles 203, 204 de rayons respectivement R et r, dont les centres sont sur un cercle 205 de rayon Rp et centré sur l'axe 155, les arcs 203 s'étendant à l'intérieur du cercle 205 et les arcs 204 à l'extérieur ; les dents mobiles 212 sont limitées par des surfaces cylindriques d'axe parallèle à l'axe 165 ou 155 et dont la section, par un plan perpendiculaire à ces axes, est composée également d'arcs de cercles 203, 204, les arcs 203 s'étendant à l'extérieur du cercle 205 et les arcs 204 à l'intérieur ; l'angle a entre deux dents 202, ou 212, dépend bien entendu du 2π nombre N de dents : α = 2π / N ; l'axe 155 est fixe et l'axe 165 décrit un cylindre, autour de l'axe 155, dont le rayon correspond à l'excentration E ; dans ce mouvement, en choisissant les rayons R et r en sorte que R = r + E, les dents 212 suivent le profil des dents 202 en sorte que le fût 170, donc le plateau 131, est guidé dans son mouvement de translation circulaire, sans aucune torsion. Comme cela ressort des figures 4 et 5, on voit que E, α, Rp, R et r sont reliés par la relation Rp . Sin α / 4 = 1 / 2 (R + r) qui combinée à la précédente donnant l'excentration conduit à R = RpSin α4 + E 2 , r = RpSinα4 - E 2 According to an important feature, there is provided a device for limiting the movement of circular translation 200 which, according to the invention, consists of a ring 201 having teeth 202 integral with the frame 100 between which nests 212 teeth formed at the 'free transverse end of barrel 170 mobile; as is better visible in Figures 3 to 5, the fixed teeth 202 and mobile 212 have semi-circular profiles constructed from circles of radii R and r whose centers are on a so-called primitive circle of radius R p ; more precisely, the fixed teeth 202 are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis 155 and the section of which, by a plane perpendicular to the axis 155, is composed of arcs of circles 203, 204 of radii respectively R and r, the centers of which are on a circle 205 of radius R p and centered on the axis 155, the arcs 203 extending inside the circle 205 and the arcs 204 outside; the movable teeth 212 are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis 165 or 155 and the section of which, by a plane perpendicular to these axes, is also composed of arcs of circles 203, 204, the arcs 203 s 'extending outside the circle 205 and the arches 204 inside; the angle a between two teeth 202, or 212, depends of course on the 2π number N of teeth: α = 2π / N ; the axis 155 is fixed and the axis 165 describes a cylinder, around the axis 155, whose radius corresponds to the eccentricity E; in this movement, by choosing the radii R and r so that R = r + E, the teeth 212 follow the profile of the teeth 202 so that the barrel 170, therefore the plate 131, is guided in its movement of circular translation, without any twist. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, we see that E, α, R p , R and r are connected by the relation R p . Sin α / 4 = 1/2 (R + r) which combined with the previous one giving the offset leads to R = R p Sin α 4 + E 2 , r = R p Sin α 4 - E 2

L'invention prévoit également de permettre un réglage de l'excentration, comme le montrent les figures 6 et 7 ; selon la figure 6, l'axe de l'extrémité tronconique 144 de l'arbre de pompe 140, et donc l'axe du passage 183 qui la reçoit, est légèrement décalé par rapport à l'axe 165 de la surface extérieure 192 du palier 147 qui reçoit les roulements 148 qui supportent le fût 170 ; l'excentration E étant l'écart transversal entre cet axe 165 et l'axe 155 de la portée cylindrique 179 de l'arbre de pompe 140, mécaniquement liée à la partie tronconique 144, on voit qu'il suffit de tourner le palier 147 par rapport à elle pour que la distance entre l'axe 165 et l'axe 155, c'est-à-dire l'excentration E, varie.The invention also provides for allowing adjustment of the offset, as shown in Figures 6 and 7; according to Figure 6, the axis of the end frustoconical 144 of the pump shaft 140, and therefore the axis of the passage 183 which la receives, is slightly offset from the axis 165 of the outer surface 192 of the bearing 147 which receives the bearings 148 which support the barrel 170; the eccentricity E being the transverse difference between this axis 165 and the axis 155 of the cylindrical bearing surface 179 of the pump shaft 140, mechanically linked to the frustoconical part 144, it can be seen that it suffices to turn the bearing 147 relative to it so that the distance between the axis 165 and the axis 155, that is to say the offset E, varies.

Un montage analogue permet de régler d'autant l'excentration E au droit du moyen de palier 190 ; comme on le voit sur la figure 7, la portée excentrée 178 de l'arbre de pompe 140 a son axe décalé par rapport à l'axe d'une bague 193 qui l'entoure et qui reçoit le roulement du moyeu de palier 190 ; là également, en faisant tourner la bague 193 par rapport à l'arbre 140 on modifie la distance entre les axes 155 et 165.A similar arrangement makes it possible to adjust the offset E at the right bearing means 190; as seen in figure 7, the eccentric reach 178 of the pump shaft 140 has its axis offset from the axis of a ring 193 which surrounds it and which receives the bearing of the bearing hub 190; the also, by rotating the ring 193 relative to the shaft 140 on modifies the distance between axes 155 and 165.

La pompe qui vient d'être décrite présente un agencement tel que le plan d'inertie des masses en mouvement se situe axialement au droit de l'entretoise 112 ; ainsi, une seule masse d'équilibrage dynamique 197 située dans cette région, solidarisée au palier 147, suffit pour l'équilibrage de l'ensemble.The pump which has just been described has an arrangement such as the plane of inertia of the moving masses is located axially to the right of the spacer 112; thus, a single dynamic balancing mass 197 located in this region, joined to bearing 147, is sufficient for balancing all.

L'aspiration 156 de la pompe est prévue radialement dans l'entretoise 112 et le refoulement 157 est axial, en aval d'un clapet anti-retour 159.The suction 156 of the pump is provided radially in the spacer 112 and the discharge 157 is axial, downstream of a non-return valve 159.

Dès la mise en service de la pompe, le fluide pompé est soumis à l'effet continu et progressif de compression dû au débattement en translation circulaire des saillies en spirale mobiles par rapport aux saillies en spirale fixes.As soon as the pump is put into service, the pumped fluid is subjected to the effect continuous and progressive compression due to translation travel circular of movable spiral projections with respect to fixed spiral projections.

Il est possible, si on le souhaite, d'isoler totalement l'enceinte de la pompe, où se réalise le vide, de l'extérieur et du reste de la pompe ; il suffit de disposer, comme le montre la figure 1, un soufflet métallique 160 autour du fût 170 ; une extrémité du soufflet 160 est fixée sur une collerette 196 ménagée à la surface extérieure du fût 170 au droit de son rebord radial 181 ; l'autre extrémité du soufflet 160 est fixée à une bague 194 solidarisée au corps fixe 100 par les vis 176 et des vis 195. Une telle disposition augmente le nombre d'applications possibles de la pompe qui fait ainsi partie des pompes dites sèches dont les parties actives sont isolées de l'extérieur et exemptes de tout lubrifiant, huile ou graisse.It is possible, if desired, to completely isolate the enclosure from the pump, where the vacuum is created, from the outside and the rest of the pump; simply have, as shown in Figure 1, a metal bellows 160 around the was 170; one end of the bellows 160 is fixed to a flange 196 formed on the outer surface of the barrel 170 in line with its radial rim 181; the other end of the bellows 160 is fixed to a ring 194 secured to the fixed body 100 by screws 176 and screws 195. Such an arrangement increases the number of possible applications of the pump which is thus part of the pumps say dry, the active parts of which are isolated from the outside and free from any lubricant, oil or grease.

Le soufflet métallique 160 utilisé pour réaliser l'étanchéité intégrale du système de pompage est ainsi positivement protégé contre tout effort de torsion fonctionnel ou accidentel du fait du dispositif limiteur 200; la durée de vie du soufflet 160 est dès lors pratiquement illimitée.The metal bellows 160 used to completely seal the pumping system is thus positively protected against any effort of functional or accidental torsion due to the limiting device 200; the duration of life of the bellows 160 is therefore practically unlimited.

Une telle pompe destinée à engendrer des volumes pouvant aller jusqu'à 500 m3/heure ou au delà est avantageusement munie d'un circuit d'huile de refroidissement dont on voit l'entrée en 198 sur la figure 1.Such a pump intended to generate volumes of up to 500 m 3 / hour or more is advantageously provided with a cooling oil circuit, the entry of which can be seen in 198 in FIG. 1.

Claims (10)

  1. A vacuum pump with a circular translation cycle, comprising a fixed body (100) having at least one fixed disc (114) which has on one of its sides a spiral-shaped projection (123), a movable disc (131) opposite the fixed disc (114) and also having at least one spiral-shaped projection (133) interposed with the spiral-shaped projection (123) of the fixed disc (114) and with the same angular amplitude, a mechanism by which the movable disc (131) is connected to said body (100) and supported by it so as to control a circular movement of translation of the movable disc (131) in relation to said body (100) during the operation of the pump, drive means (120) for driving the movable disc (131) via a pump shaft (140) and causing it to effect said circular movement of translation, said pump also comprising a device for limiting circular translatory displacement, said mechanism comprising at least one bearing (182,190) carried by the pump shaft (140), said pump shaft (140) being in a central position in relation to the fixed body (100), and the device for limiting circular translatory displacement being formed by a ring gear (201) having fixed teeth (202) between which engage teeth (212) attached to the movable disc (131), characterised in that the fixed teeth (202) are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis (155) of the pump and the section of which, through a plane perpendicular to said axis (155), is composed of arcs (203,204) of circles of radii R and r, respectively, the centres of which are on a circle (205) of a radius Rp centred on said axis (155), arcs (203) extending inside and arcs (204) extending outside said circle (205) of centres.
  2. A pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the movable teeth (212) are limited by cylindrical surfaces with an axis parallel to the axis (155) of the pump and the section of which, through a plane perpendicular to said axis (155), is composed of arcs (203,204) of the same circles extending outside (203) and inside (204) said circle (205) of centres.
  3. A pump according to claim 2, characterised in that a being the angle between two fixed teeth (202) or movable teeth (212) and E the eccentricity which corresponds to the radius of the cylinder described by the movable axis (165) about the fixed axis (155) of the pump, R = RρSin α / 4 + E / 2 and r = RρSin α / 4 - E / 2.
  4. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the crankshaft radius is adjustable.
  5. A pump according to claim 4, characterised in that the axis of the passage (183) which receives the end of the pump shaft (140) is slightly offset in relation to the axis (165) of the outer surface (192) of the bearing (147) in which said passage (183) is provided and which supports the movable disc (131) via bearings (148) received by said outer surface (192).
  6. A pump according to claim 4, characterised in that the eccentric projection (178) of the pump shaft (140) has its axis offset in relation to the axis of a bush (193) which surrounds it and which receives a bearing for a bearing hub (190).
  7. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that said mechanism comprises two bearings (182,190) both carried by the pump shaft (140) and spaced apart axially.
  8. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it further comprises a metal sealing bellows (160) surrounding the pump shaft (140) and one end of which is attached to the movable disc (131) and the other end of which is attached to the fixed body (100).
  9. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it comprises only one spiral projection (123) on the fixed disc (114) and only one spiral projection (133) on the movable disc (131).
  10. A pump according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the spiral projections (123) of the fixed disc (114) and the spiral projections (133) of the movable disc (131) are separated by a small constant clearance whatever the position of the movable disc (131).
EP96400386A 1995-02-24 1996-02-23 Scroll vacuum pump Expired - Lifetime EP0728948B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9502209 1995-02-24
FR9502209A FR2731051B1 (en) 1995-02-24 1995-02-24 VACUUM PUMP WITH CIRCULAR TRANSLATION CYCLE

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EP0728948A1 EP0728948A1 (en) 1996-08-28
EP0728948B1 true EP0728948B1 (en) 1999-12-08

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JP (2) JP3914974B2 (en)
KR (2) KR100383695B1 (en)
DE (2) DE69605462T2 (en)
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FR (1) FR2731051B1 (en)
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JPH066947B2 (en) * 1988-04-11 1994-01-26 新明和工業株式会社 Scroll type fluid machine
JP2753317B2 (en) * 1989-03-20 1998-05-20 株式会社日立製作所 Scroll fluid machine
JPH04339189A (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-26 Sanden Corp Scroll type fluid device
JP2718295B2 (en) * 1991-08-30 1998-02-25 ダイキン工業株式会社 Scroll compressor
JP3170904B2 (en) * 1992-10-05 2001-05-28 花王株式会社 Carbon dioxide gas-curable binder aqueous solution for casting sand and method for producing mold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3914974B2 (en) 2007-05-16
DE69605461D1 (en) 2000-01-13
WO1996026366A1 (en) 1996-08-29
US6022202A (en) 2000-02-08
TW314576B (en) 1997-09-01
KR19980702456A (en) 1998-07-15
WO1996026367A1 (en) 1996-08-29
KR100383695B1 (en) 2004-05-20
US5951268A (en) 1999-09-14
ES2140039T3 (en) 2000-02-16
DE69605461T2 (en) 2000-07-27
EP0728947B1 (en) 1999-12-08
ES2140040T3 (en) 2000-02-16
TW311162B (en) 1997-07-21
FR2731051A1 (en) 1996-08-30
KR19980702432A (en) 1998-07-15
DE69605462D1 (en) 2000-01-13
JPH11504692A (en) 1999-04-27
EP0728947A1 (en) 1996-08-28
KR100383696B1 (en) 2004-05-20
DE69605462T2 (en) 2000-07-27
EP0728948A1 (en) 1996-08-28
JP4088340B2 (en) 2008-05-21
JPH11500804A (en) 1999-01-19
FR2731051B1 (en) 1997-04-30

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