EP0710451B1 - Chaussure de sport - Google Patents
Chaussure de sport Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0710451B1 EP0710451B1 EP95115852A EP95115852A EP0710451B1 EP 0710451 B1 EP0710451 B1 EP 0710451B1 EP 95115852 A EP95115852 A EP 95115852A EP 95115852 A EP95115852 A EP 95115852A EP 0710451 B1 EP0710451 B1 EP 0710451B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tightening
- foot
- boot according
- sport boot
- external
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 39
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009023 proprioceptive sensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000272 proprioceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004744 fore-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010001488 Aggression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003484 anatomy Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
- A43B23/26—Tongues for shoes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/002—Mountain boots or shoes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C1/00—Shoe lacing fastenings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sports shoe and more specifically a shoe to ensure a double function of holding the foot and protecting it with respect to elements outdoors such as rain, snow, stones, ..., such as a walking shoe intended for walking mountain and high mountain, or a cross-country ski or ski touring boot, telemark, snowboarding, ... etc.
- mountain or ski touring boots, telemark, ... etc are sturdy shoes, uppers and thick leather to ensure good foot hold and of the ankle on any type of ground, in particular in scree and slopes, and a good control of the organ sliding in the case of a ski boot, telemark, surf, ... etc.
- shoes say plastic shell, ie shoes whose upper is made of rigid synthetic material.
- shoes also include a generally removable internal bootie intended for ensure the comfort of the foot inside the shoe.
- the foot is held by the liner, by the deformation of the shell putting stress on the latter.
- this type of shoe In addition to the difficulty of deforming the plastic shell to ensure the desired tightening, this type of shoe also has the disadvantage that any relative movement of the boot relative to the shell cannot be excluded, except to very strongly deform the shell on the liner and thus generate strong pressure and discomfort on the foot.
- EP-A-0 521 287 (FR-A-2 678 487) to make a walking shoe comprising inside of an external rod a clamping device for the foot intended to ensure the holding of the foot inside the shoe, independently of the external upper, which provides only protective function against external conditions.
- the outer upper is provided on the top of the foot with a longitudinal opening extending from the ankle to the toe, and closed either by a zipper or by hook-and-loop means.
- Such a shoe effectively provides foot support and comfort inside the significantly improved shoe.
- the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to provide a shoe for advanced sport / walking / mountain / skiing, and in particular a shoe providing foot support and improved sealing while remaining as light as possible, and offering good characteristics of proprioceptive sensations.
- the sports shoe according to the invention which is of the type comprising a internal clamping device arranged at the instep, and an external rod for protection against external aggressions provided with an opening for the passage of the foot and closing means of this opening, by the fact that the opening of the external rod is only disposed at the end upper part of the latter, and the external rod has a completely closed structure at the front, provided with at least one bellows allowing an opening of the rod allowing the passage of a foot, the means for closing the opening of the rod being constituted by a lacing arranged above of bellows.
- a waterproof and lightweight shoe construction is thus obtained since the tightening device internal by means of clamping quarters is much lighter than an internal clamping device with double rod or inner bootie.
- the lacing of the external rod extends from the end upper of the latter to the level of the toe, therefore, the lacing of the outer rod can also be used as an additional means of holding the foot inside the shoe.
- the internal wall of the rod is lined with a material elastic foam, at least on the forefoot part of the shoe, so as to obtain during lacing of the external rod contact of the foot with the foam, without any compression of the parts in contact of the foot.
- the means for tightening the internal tightening quarters consist of a lace connecting the two quarters by means of return elements arranged on these quarters, and by a blocker placed at the free end of the lace.
- the sports shoe and more particularly the walking shoe consists of an external sole called a step 10, an external upper 20 and a internal clamping device 30.
- the internal clamping device in a manner known per se, consists of two quarters or bands clamp 31 in a flexible material and arranged at the instep part of the shoe.
- Each clamping quarter 31 is fixed, in a manner known per se, by its lower end 32 to the lower edge of the shoe, in this case between the outer sole 10 and the first mounting (not shown in the drawing).
- This lower end 32 of each or only one of the clamping quarters can also be fixed at a different level in height on the rod in order to obtain for example a tightening of the foot rather on the internal or medial side of the shoe, or to take account of mounting requirements of the upper / shoe.
- each clamping quarter 31 is fixed very far to the rear of the shoe, at the heel 2 thereof, as shown in Figure 2, so as to obtain a hold foot optimum backward, and avoid sliding the foot forward during descents.
- the front edge 34 extends in turn at the lower limit of the instep area generally called the instep.
- each clamping quarter 31 has on its edge upper free 35 a series of loops or return elements 36 for a lace 37.
- each loop 36 is constituted by a strap folded in the shape of loop.
- Such an embodiment has the advantage of a construction with minimum extra thickness, and is therefore suitable for tightening by the external rod without creating overpressures or hard points at level of these passers-by.
- these passers-by can also be replaced by metal loops, hooks, ... etc.
- the lace 37 is passed alternately over each of the clamping quarters 31, and is anchored by each of its free ends 38 to the last passer-by 36 located at the front edge 34 of each clamping quarter 31.
- the lace 37 then defines, at the end opposite to the anchoring points 38, a closed loop 39 constituting a gripping and traction element for tightening the clamping quarters 31.
- loop 39 constitutes an element of unique grip allowing to exert a symmetrical tensile force on each of the strands of the lace.
- a lace blocker 40 slidably mounted on the strands of the lace in the area of the loop 39 allows these strands to be locked in the desired clamping position.
- the lace 37 could also be mounted in a conventional manner with the loop 39 placed at the lower end of the lacing and the lace blocker 40 disposed on the free ends of the lace, such a construction, however, has the drawback of a risk of asymmetrical tightening.
- the clamping system using a blocker is particularly advantageous because the clamping force can be exerted by one hand, the user then only having to move using his other hand the blocker to the desired position.
- the blocker can be produced in a particularly flat manner without creating any additional thickness. likely to create areas of stress or overpressure on the foot.
- a tongue 41 is provided, in a manner known per se, under the internal clamping device so avoid overpressure at the instep.
- This tongue 41 is fixed to the front end of the shoe, in a manner known per se, by a sewing 42.
- this seam 42 is covered by a rubber band 43 surrounding the rod, so as to guarantee sealing.
- the external upper 20 of the shoe is preferably made in one piece, as in the example shown so as to eliminate all the seams which could affect the overall sealing of the shoe.
- the rod 20 has only one opening 22 disposed only at its upper end 21.
- the upper has on its vertical part before two bellows 23 of substantially triangular shape closing the opening traditionally formed between the lateral quarters 24 and the front flap 25.
- the rod 20 therefore has a closed structure, apart from the top opening 22, and therefore extremely waterproof.
- the rod can be folded up, as shown in Figure 1, and secured around of the foot.
- the rod 20 and in particular its front flap 25 is designed with sufficient width for its opening 22 to extend substantially to the vertical vertically from the bottom edges 34 of the clamping quarters 31. This is guaranteed easy access to the lower end of the lacing of the internal clamping device.
- the rod 20 furthermore comprises a lacing clamping system 26 consisting of elements of reference 27, such as hooks, loop, and a lace 28 which extends not only over the vertical part from the upper, but also over the entire top of the foot to the tip 3 of the shoe.
- a lacing clamping system 26 consisting of elements of reference 27, such as hooks, loop, and a lace 28 which extends not only over the vertical part from the upper, but also over the entire top of the foot to the tip 3 of the shoe.
- This lacing 26 allows not only to "close” the opening 22 around the leg, but also tighten the rod 20 around the foot.
- the internal tightening allows more particularly to secure the foot to the sole of the shoe, and therefore to have more direct contact with the ground, and therefore "less play”, a better transmission and feeling of information coming from the ground, and, surprisingly, the impression of having a much lighter shoe because "responding" immediately.
- the external rod provides protection for the foot against external elements (water / snow / cold / shocks), and is made of one of the materials suitable for such a function (for leather example ). In the case of a ski, snowboard boot, etc., this rod may also include reinforcements appropriate to the transmission of forces, support points, etc., occurring in this type of sport.
- the external tightening allows a precise adjustment of the external volume of the rod around the foot and is therefore particularly interesting for obtaining proprioceptive sensations providing information on balance, positioning or movement of the body.
- proprioceptive sensations are particularly sought in the case of sliding sports or sports such as climbing.
- the internal wall of the rod 20 can be lined with elastic foam material, such as polyurethane, at least on the forefoot of the shoe which corresponds to a part of the foot having an excellent proprioceptive sensitivity.
- elastic foam material such as polyurethane
- such a foam lining will be produced over the entire inner surface of the rod, and will be of a thickness suitable for the desired use.
- FIG. 3 shows a shoe having the same characteristics as the shoe of the Figure 2, apart from the internal clamping device. The same elements will therefore be designated by the same references.
- the internal clamping 30 also consists of two quarters of tightening 31 arranged at the instep part of the shoe.
- each clamping quarter 31 extends more vertically with respect to the rear edge 33 of the clamping quarters of the example previous.
- the rear foot hold or heel hold is provided by a band 35a substantially horizontal connecting the two upper edges 35 of each clamping quarter in forming a kind of chain around the heel.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above at by way of nonlimiting examples, and is in particular not limited to a walking shoe application, but can also be extended to any other type of shoe and in particular any other shoe for the practice of sliding sports.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de 3/4 avant avec arraché partiel d'une chaussure selon l'invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté de la chaussure de la figure 1,
- la figure 3 est une vue similaire à la figure 2 d'une chaussure selon un autre mode de réalisation.
Claims (12)
- Chaussure de sport du type comportant un dispositif de serrage interne (30) disposé au niveau du cou-de-pied, et une tige externe (20) de protection contre les agressions extérieures munie d'une ouverture (22) pour le passage du pied et de moyens (26) de fermeture de cette ouverture,
caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture (22) de la tige externe (20) est uniquement disposée à l'extrémité supérieure (21) de celle-ci, et en ce que la tige externe (20) présente à l'avant une structure complètement fermée munie d'au moins un soufflet (23) permettant une ouverture de la tige autorisant la passage d'un pied, les moyens de fermeture (26) de l'ouverture (22) de la tige étant constitués par un laçage disposé au-dessus du soufflet (23). - Chaussure de sport selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le laçage (26) de la tige externe s'étend depuis l'extrémité supérieure de celle-ci jusqu'au niveau du cou-de-pied.
- Chaussure de sport selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le laçage (26) de la tige externe s'étend jusqu'au bout (3) de la chaussure.
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de serrage interne (30) est constitué de deux quartiers de serrage (31) fixés chacun par leur extrémité inférieure sur chacun des côtés intérieur/extérieur de la chaussure, leur extrémité libre supérieure (35) étant munie de moyens de liaison et de serrage (36, 37).
- Chaussure de sport selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité inférieure (32) de chaque quartier de serrage (31) est fixée en prise de montage.
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que le bord arrière (33) de chaque quartier de serrage est fixé au niveau du talon de la chaussure.
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que les deux quartiers de serrage (31) sont reliés par un chaínage (35a) autour du talon.
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de serrage des quartiers de serrage interne sont constitués par un lacet (37) reliant les deux quartiers par l'intermédiaire d'éléments de renvoi (36) disposés sur ces quartiers, et par un bloqueur (40) disposé à l'extrémité libre (39) du lacet.
- Chaussure de sport selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que chacune des extrémités du lacet (37) est ancrée à l'extrémité avant d'un quartier de serrage (31).
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que chaque élément de renvoi (36) est constituée par une sangle repliée en forme de boucle.
- Chaussure de sport selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la tige (20) est réalisée en une seule pièce.
- Chaussure de sport selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la paroi intérieure de la tige est doublée par un matériau en mousse élastique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9413510A FR2726440B1 (fr) | 1994-11-07 | 1994-11-07 | Chaussure de sport |
FR9413510 | 1994-11-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0710451A1 EP0710451A1 (fr) | 1996-05-08 |
EP0710451B1 true EP0710451B1 (fr) | 1998-08-05 |
Family
ID=9468700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95115852A Expired - Lifetime EP0710451B1 (fr) | 1994-11-07 | 1995-10-09 | Chaussure de sport |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5966841A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0710451B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE169185T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69503867T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2119285T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2726440B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1871962B (zh) * | 2005-02-04 | 2010-05-12 | 奥地利阿托米克公司 | 用于跑步或越野滑雪的运动鞋 |
Families Citing this family (79)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2752683B1 (fr) † | 1996-08-29 | 1998-11-06 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure de sport comprenant des moyens de renvoi souples et resistants a la traction |
US20060156517A1 (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2006-07-20 | Hammerslag Gary R | Reel based closure system |
US20080060167A1 (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2008-03-13 | Hammerslag Gary R | Reel based closure system |
FR2784870B1 (fr) * | 1998-10-22 | 2000-12-15 | Salomon Sa | Lacage chausson avec blocage talon |
CA2257737C (fr) * | 1999-01-04 | 2002-04-02 | Gordon Cook | Botte munie d'une fermeture superieure facile a utiliser |
US6267390B1 (en) | 1999-06-15 | 2001-07-31 | The Burton Corporation | Strap for a snowboard boot, binding or interface |
US6416074B1 (en) * | 1999-06-15 | 2002-07-09 | The Burton Corporation | Strap for a snowboard boot, binding or interface |
FR2802782B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-28 | 2002-08-16 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure a tige haute avec dispositif de serrage a lacet |
US6324774B1 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2001-12-04 | Charles W. Zebe, Jr. | Shoelace retaining clip and footwear closure means using same |
US6305103B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2001-10-23 | Gravis Footwear, Inc. | Footwear including a locking component |
US6474000B2 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2002-11-05 | Salomon S.A. | Sports boot having an integrated quick tightening system |
FR2818505B1 (fr) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-06-18 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure |
FR2824450B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-10 | 2008-03-14 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure de sport |
US6604477B1 (en) * | 2001-06-11 | 2003-08-12 | Oltea Hozan | Method of manufacture for a boot for the physically impaired |
SE520209C2 (sv) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-06-10 | Foersvarets Materielverk | Handgranat innefattande anordning för att resa handgranaten från liggande till stående läge samt medel för att sända upp verkansdelen i luften innan brisad |
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WO2014124054A1 (fr) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | Boa Technology Inc. | Dispositifs de fermeture pour dispositifs médicaux et procédés |
US10251451B2 (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2019-04-09 | Boa Technology Inc. | Closure devices including incremental release mechanisms and methods therefor |
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US10182935B2 (en) | 2014-10-01 | 2019-01-22 | Ossur Hf | Support for articles and methods for using the same |
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USD776421S1 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2017-01-17 | Boa Technology, Inc. | In-footwear lace tightening reel |
US10004297B2 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2018-06-26 | Boa Technology Inc. | Lacing configurations for footwear |
JP7073335B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 | 2022-05-23 | ボア テクノロジー,インコーポレイテッド | 紐締めシステムの張力部材ガイド |
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KR20230020012A (ko) | 2016-12-09 | 2023-02-09 | 보아 테크놀러지, 인크. | 릴 기반의 폐쇄 시스템 |
US10543630B2 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2020-01-28 | Boa Technology Inc. | Reel based closure system employing a friction based tension mechanism |
US11357279B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2022-06-14 | Boa Technology Inc. | Closure components for a helmet layer and methods for installing same |
US10772384B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2020-09-15 | Boa Technology Inc. | System and methods for minimizing dynamic lace movement |
US11382389B2 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2022-07-12 | Nike, Inc. | Sole structure for article of footwear |
CN114072024B (zh) | 2019-05-01 | 2024-08-20 | Boa科技股份有限公司 | 基于卷轴的闭合系统 |
USD1040486S1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2024-09-03 | Canada Goose Inc. | Boot |
US11849812B2 (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-12-26 | Canada Goose Inc. | Footwear with alternate lacing systems |
USD1041813S1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2024-09-17 | Canada Goose Inc. | Boot |
US12213557B2 (en) * | 2022-10-05 | 2025-02-04 | Reebok International Limited | Footwear with customizable lacing system |
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US1286787A (en) * | 1917-10-09 | 1918-12-03 | Charles Rokahr | Athletic shoe. |
US2591211A (en) * | 1951-08-17 | 1952-04-01 | Us Army | Adjustable shoe |
DE1808115A1 (de) * | 1968-11-09 | 1970-05-21 | Gerhard Hornung | Schuhwerk aus plastifizierbarem Werkstoff,insbesondere Kunststoff |
FR2354723A1 (fr) * | 1976-06-14 | 1978-01-13 | Trappeur | Perfectionnement aux chaussures de marche, de montagne, de ski ou analogue |
US4394803A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1983-07-26 | Polsam, Inc. | Elasticized overlay |
US4550511A (en) * | 1983-01-14 | 1985-11-05 | Kangaroos U.S.A., Inc. | Instep support for footwear |
US4811500A (en) * | 1987-02-06 | 1989-03-14 | L. A. Gear, Inc. | Article of footware having an adjustable instep supporting insert |
FR2678487B1 (fr) * | 1991-07-04 | 1995-05-05 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure de marche/randonnee en montagne a dispositif de serrage interne. |
FR2694167B1 (fr) * | 1992-07-29 | 1994-09-23 | Salomon Sa | Chaussure de sport. |
FR2706744B1 (fr) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-08-25 | Salomon Sa |
-
1994
- 1994-11-07 FR FR9413510A patent/FR2726440B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-10-09 ES ES95115852T patent/ES2119285T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-09 AT AT95115852T patent/ATE169185T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-10-09 DE DE69503867T patent/DE69503867T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-09 EP EP95115852A patent/EP0710451B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-10-29 US US08/967,218 patent/US5966841A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-06-04 US US09/325,550 patent/US6128836A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1871962B (zh) * | 2005-02-04 | 2010-05-12 | 奥地利阿托米克公司 | 用于跑步或越野滑雪的运动鞋 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2726440B1 (fr) | 1997-01-03 |
EP0710451A1 (fr) | 1996-05-08 |
ATE169185T1 (de) | 1998-08-15 |
DE69503867D1 (de) | 1998-09-10 |
US5966841A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
ES2119285T3 (es) | 1998-10-01 |
FR2726440A1 (fr) | 1996-05-10 |
DE69503867T2 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
US6128836A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
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