Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
  • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
  • B28D1/02—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing
  • B28D1/06—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by sawing with reciprocating saw-blades
  • B28D1/068—Components, e.g. guiding means, vibrations damping means, frames, driving means, suspension
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B3/00—Gang saw mills; Other sawing machines with reciprocating saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks
  • B27B3/02—Gang saw mills; Other sawing machines with reciprocating saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks with vertically-reciprocating saw frame
  • B27B3/06—Gang saw mills; Other sawing machines with reciprocating saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks with vertically-reciprocating saw frame with side blade saw frame
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • B27B3/00—Gang saw mills; Other sawing machines with reciprocating saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks
  • B27B3/28—Components
  • B27B3/30—Blade attachments, e.g. saw buckles; Stretching devices
  • B27B3/34—Blade attachments, e.g. saw buckles; Stretching devices the stretching devices being actuated by fluid pressure

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a diamond frame for sawing blocks of granite or other stone material.
• the present invention relates to a subvertical high speed diamond frame with preformed packs of blades, open bilaterally for simultaneous sawing but with independent feed of blocks of material.
• the blade does not saw at the top and bottom dead centers since it is momentarily at a standstill and, being unable to follow the constant rhythm of the blade-holder square, starts to assume a negative camber.
• the various types of granite have very different hardnesses and can only be sawn with diamond blades of different and adequate features, particularly in order to obtain small thickness slabs from them.
• diamond frames currently known, in which the pack of blades is mounted inside the square, it is not possible to saw economically the approximately one hundred types of granite processed, since the operations to change the pack of blades are long and complex and it would require a store of blades at least equal to the number of the classes, three or five, in which the granites are grouped on the basis of the index of sawabi lity.
• the object of the present invention is a diamond frame suitable for sawing blocks of granite, as also other stone material, which functions efficiently and at acceptable costs.
• a further object of the invention is a diamond frame which enables the pack of blades to be changed simply and rapidly, in order to adapt them to the features of the material to be processed, thus lowering times and costs of sawing.
• the frame according to the invention comprises a mobile blade-holder square, operatively connected to motor means and to motion transmission means via suitable mechanisms capable of driving the same blade-holder square to move with a certain pattern along predetermined paths, and is characterised in that the abovementioned blade-holder square is fitted with bracket means, cantilever mounted in order to support at least one blade in a removable manner.
• bracket means are composed of at least one pair of brackets, a lower and an upper one, cantilever mounted, and at least one bracket is cantilever mounted by means of disengageable constraining means at an adjustable height.
• the abovementioned pair of brackets is able to support the abovementioned blades, pre-assembled in a pack, with suitable spacers placed between.
• the abovementioned brackets are cantilever mounted on one or both of the external sides of the blade-holder square and at least the abovementioned upper bracket is fitted with hydraulic tighteners capable of supporting the abovementioned blades pre-assembled in a pack, in order to adjust their traction.
• the abovementioned brackets are preferably composed of rods and the abovementioned constraining means are formed by tie rods connected to the abovementioned brackets by means of first disengageable pins and to the square by means of second pins.
• the abovementioned constraining means are preferably also formed by third pins suitable for connecting in a disengageable manner at least the abovementioned upper bracket to the abovementioned blade-holder square, the abovementioned second pins also being disengageable.
• Fig. 1 is a front schematic view of a frame suitable for sawing granite or other stone material, accomplished according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a side view, partially sectioned along the trace plane II-II of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 is a side view on an enlarged scale and partially sectioned along the trace plane III-III of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 is a partial section view along the trace plane IV-IV of Fig. 3;
• Fig. 5 is a front schematic view of a system comprising the frame of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 6 is a view from above of the system in Fig. 5.
• Fig. 1 10 denotes in its entirety a diamond frame suitable for sawing blocks of stone material, particularly blocks of granite, and obtain therefrom slabs of a certain thickness.
• the frame 10 comprises a blade holder square, denoted in its entirety by 11, formed by two uprights 12, by two cross members 13, by two lower brackets 14 and by two upper brackets, denoted in their entirety by 15, suitable for supporting in a removable manner two pre-assembled packs of blades, denoted in their entirety by 16.
• the blades, denoted by 26, are provided with teeth 30 formed by diamond concretion and diamond granules embedded therein.
• the blade-holder square 11 which in the figures is represented vertically, can be tilted at a certain angle with respect to the vertical line.
• the lower brackets 14 are formed by rods constrained to the sides 12a of the uprights 12 by means of the disengageable pins 18 and by means of the tie rods 19, which in turn are constrained to the sides of the same uprights by means of the pins 20, and to the abovementioned brackets 14 by means of the disengageable pins 21.
• the upper brackets 15 are constrained to the sides 12a of the uprights 12 by means of respective disengageable pins 22 and by means of respective tie rods 23, which in turn are constrained to the sides of the same uprights by means of disengageable pins 24, and to the abovementioned brackets 15 by means of the pins 25, likewise disengageable.
• Each pack 16 is formed by a set of blades 26 and by spacers 27, placed between the same blades, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
• the blades and spacers are held tight by the tie rods 28, which are inserted in the holes 29 of the same spacers and are locked by nuts, screwed at their threaded ends.
• the spacers 27 are provided with sinusoidally-shaped edges 31, capable of improving contact with the blades and resistance to bending loads.
• the blades 26 are provided with two slots 33, a lower one and an upper one, which can be seen in Figs. 3 and 4, and likewise the spacers 27 are provided with slots 34, lower and upper, wherein the brackets 14 and 15 are inserted, once they have been released from the tie rods 19 and 23.
• the brackets 15 are formed by hollow rods 36, fitted with hydraulic tighteners, denoted in their entirety by 37, each of which comprises a piston 38 running, sealed, in a cylinder 39 fixed to the respective rod 36.
• the pistons 38 can be driven by pressurized oil fed to the same cylinders 39 through fittings 40 by the manifold 41, which can be operatively connected to a source of pressurized oil and to a drain for the same oil, by valve means which can be actuated manually and are not shown since they are known.
• the hydraulic tighteners 37 are equal in number to the blades 26 of each pack 16 and are arranged in a row, aligned along a generatrix of the rod 36, at a distance which depends upon the distance between the centres of the same blades of a pack.
• brackets 14 and 15 When the brackets 14 and 15 are unhooked from the respective tie rods 19 and 23, the packs 16 of blades 26 are fitted onto the same brackets. Subsequently the brackets are once again hooked to the tie rods by means of the pins 21 and 25 and the traction of the individual blades 26 is regulated by means of the hydraulic tighteners 37.
• bracket 15 at a distance from the bracket 14 at the level required for supporting blades having three different working heights, for example 170 cm, 62 cm and 36 cm.
• Integral with the uprights 12 of the blade-holder square 11 are four pins, two lower 50 and two upper 51, which connect it to drive mechanisms denoted as a whole by 52 and 53, the type of those which form the object of the European patent no. 0002265 in the name of the same Applicant.
• the mechanisms 52 and 53 comprise the connecting rods 54 and 55 to which the abovementioned pins 50 and 51 are rotan * ly connected, at a predetermined distance from the feet of the same connecting rods.
• the heads of the connecting rods 54 and 55 are in turn rotan * Ly connected to the crank pins 56 and 57 of flywheels denoted in their entirety by 58 and 59, which are supported for rotation in the frames 60 of a support structure, denoted in its entirety by 49, formed by uprights 45 and 46 and by cross members 47 and 48, suitably accomplished and positioned so as to allow the assembly and movement of the blade-holder square 11.
• the feet of the same connecting rods 54 and 55 are rotari Ly connected to the pins 62 and 63 fixed to respective Levers 64 and 65, whose ends are in turn rotari ly connected to the pins 66 and 67.
• the pins 66 and 67 are fixed to pairs of rocker arms 68 and 69, in turn hinged in 70 and 71 to the uprights 46 of the support structure 49.
• the Levers 64 and 65 and the pairs of rocker arms 68 and 69 guide the feet of the connecting rods 54 and 55 to move along predetermined rectilinear and vertical paths.
• the flywheels 58 and 59 are formed by two half-flywheels 58a, 58b, and 59a, 59b, and the crank pins 56 and 57 are fixed to the inner walls of the same half-flywheels by an arm preset with respect to the axes of rotation 72 and 73.
• the crank pins 74a, 74b and 75a, 75b To the outer walls of the same half-flywheels, by the same arm, are attached the crank pins 74a, 74b and 75a, 75b, to which the heads of the pairs of balancing counterconnecting rods 76a, 76b and 77a, 77b are rotar Ly connected.
• the counterconnecting rods which serve to eliminate the tilting couple, are provided with counterweights 78a, 78b and 79a, 79b, equal to an eighth of the weight of the blade-holder square 11, distanced from the foot of the same counterconnecting rods to the same extent as the pins 50 and 51 from the foot of the respective connecting rods 54 and 55.
• the feet of the counterconnecting rods are also rotari Ly connected to the pins 80a, 80b and 81a, 81b, attached to respective levers 82a, 82b and 83a, 83b.
• the ends of the Levers are in turn rotari Ly connected to the pins 84a, 84b and 85a, 85b attached to pairs of rocker arms 86a, 86b and 87a, 87b, in turn hinged in 88a, 88b and 89a, 89b to the uprights 46 of the support structure 49.
• the flywheels 58 and 59 are operatively connected to an electric motor 90 through transmission members denoted in their entirety by 91 and 92.
• the crank pins 74b and 75b are attached eccentricaLly to auxiliary flywheels 93 and 94, rotari ly supported in the uprights 45 by the shafts 95 and 96 coaxial with the flywheels 58 and 59.
• Cogged pulleys 97 and 98 are integral with the shafts 95 and 96 and driven in rotation, by means of the cogged belts 99 and 100, by the transmission cogged pulleys 101 and 102, integral with the shafts 103 and 104, rotari ly supported in the uprights 45 of the structure 49.
• 105 and 106 denote belt-tightening pulleys, which can be seen in Fig. 2, which enable the tightness of the belts 99 and 100 and the timing between the pulleys 97, 101 and 98, 102, to be regulated according to the invention of the
• the electric motor 90 could be replaced by two electric motors which can be energised separately or jointly, to adapt the available power to the work load of the frame 10.
• the conveyor belts 112 arranged on the sides of the frame 10 are the conveyor belts 112, whose function is to push the blocks 113 of stone material to be sawn against the packs 16 of blades 26, and the conveyor belts 114, whose function is to move away from the same packs of blades the slabs 115 of sawn stone material.
• Two conveyor trolleys 116 and 117, running on tracks 118 and 119 load the blocks to be sawn onto the conveyor belts 112.
• the conveyor trolleys are provided with mobile cross members 120 and 121, capable of raising the block to be sawn and moving it sideways in order to deposit it on the same conveyor belts 112, inserting its own cross members between those of the conveyor belts.
• the mechanisms 52 and 53 drive the blade-holder square 11, and hence the blades 26 of the packs 16, to perform repeated movements along an elliptical path in which the ratio between the greater axis and the smaller axis depends on the ratio between the stroke of the foot of the connecting rods 54, 55 and the distance of the pins 50, 51 from the same foot of the connecting rods.
• the two packs 16 of blades 26 are able to saw the blocks 113 of stone material carried by the conveyor belts 112.
• a frame of this type is particularly suitable for sawing material of the hardness of granite, due to the fact that the blades, by performing repeated movements along elliptical paths, carry out the sawing with monodirectional movements and with a combined abrasion and chiselling action.
• the frame described above represents an optimum solution for sawing granite since it enables the blades to be changed in order to adapt them to the hardness of the material to be sawn in a simple and rapid manner, reaching the blade-holder square 11 from its sides, to replace the pre-assembled packs 16 of blades 26.
• the approximately one hundred granites processed are divided into five classes on the basis of the index of sawability, which is a function of their hardness. Therefore, in order to saw different types of granite with the frame described, it is sufficient to have packs 16 composed of five different types of blades 26, to each of which correspond diamond teeth of certain characteristics.
• brackets 14 and 15 are inserted in the slots 33 and 34 of the blades 26 and spacers 27 which form the pack 16, the tie rods 19 and 23 are re-hooked to the brackets, engaging the pins 21 and 25 with the same tie rods and brackets, and the blades 26 of the new pack are put into traction, sending pressurized oil to the hydraulic tighteners 37.
• the square 11 can be equipped and the frame 10 is ready for sawing blocks of granite of different hardness or blocks of different materials into slabs and blocks.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 1991
  • 1991-06-10 IT ITMI911596A patent/IT1248025B/it active IP Right Grant
• 1992
  • 1992-06-02 WO PCT/EP1992/001325 patent/WO1992022408A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-06-02 EP EP92912002A patent/EP0674575A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-06-02 JP JP4511248A patent/JPH06508077A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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