EP0668945A1

EP0668945A1 - Device on a warp knitting machine for crocheting an elastic band with a coating and possibly for crocheting picots, and an elastic band produced with this device.

Info

Publication number: EP0668945A1
Application number: EP93923500A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Johann Berger; Fritz Schuelein
Original assignee: Berger GmbH
Current assignee: Berger GmbH
Priority date: 1992-11-12
Filing date: 1993-10-19
Publication date: 1995-08-30
Anticipated expiration: 2013-10-19
Also published as: CZ114095A3; BR9307426A; ATE150496T1; GR3023028T3; LV11195B; DK0668945T3; BG61575B1; ZA938433B; DE4238250A1; AU5335394A; HU215669B; SK280346B6; MX9307037A; SK60295A3; KR950704558A; FI952277A0; CZ283549B6; DE59305902D1; WO1994011554A1; AU676224B2

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP93/02890 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 7, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 7, 1995 PCT Filed Oct. 19, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/11554 PCT Pub. Date May 26, 1994A device on a warp knitting machine for crocheting an elastic band with a coating and an elastic band made with this device. The band may also have picots at its edges, that is small loops. The device is intended to facilitate the production of very fine bands with a distribution of more than eight and especially twelve needles per centimeter of machine width and even more if possible. The coating should be patternable. The coating may be produced on only one or on both sides of the strip. The device has crochet hooks (4), a cuttler (80) to feed skeins of rubber-elastic threads (14) and a cuttler (20) to feed skeins of warp threads (22).

Description

Device on a warp knitting machine for crocheting an elastic band with fleece and optionally for crocheting Picos, and elastic band produced with this device.

The invention initially relates to a device on a warp knitting machine (crochet machine) for crocheting an elastic band, which is provided on one or both sides with a fleece. The band can additionally have small loops (picos) on one or both edges.

The device is intended to enable the production of very fine strips, namely with a pitch of more than eight, in particular twelve, needles per centimeter machine width, if possible even more. The fleece should be able to have a pattern, the pattern being able to be varied to a large extent. The aim is to create the possibility of producing a patterned fleece on only one hinge side or on both hinge sides.

Such elastic bands can also be produced by weaving. For this, however, it is necessary that the rubber-elastic threads running in the longitudinal direction of the tape are wound before the actual weaving process, which requires additional manufacturing costs.

In the context of the present invention, this additional spinning is to become superfluous, and the rubber-elastic threads are also to be knitted as part of the crochet process. In this way, the manufacturing costs can be reduced by about 30% compared to weaving.

The stated requirements are met at the same time by the invention according to claim 1. (The terms defined in the claims are also used below.)

Expressions such as "front", "rear", "right", "left" refer to the usual location of an observer in front of such a crochet machine (B in FIGS. 1 to 3, 5 and 6). _ o

From an older, not prepublished German patent application P 41 31 809.9 (-28T 80-de) - by the same applicant, it can be seen how crochet hooks are clamped in a needle bar, are moved back and forth with it, and coulters of warp threads by sets of Needle needles are fed from the front, coulters of elastic threads are moved from above by combs as well as a front and a rear single weft thread, each with a tube, transversely to a group of elastic threads right-left-right.

The high fineness of the band can be achieved by arranging the above-mentioned and other crochet elements in the desired fineness, ie more than eight, but in particular twelve, crochet elements per centimeter of machine width, with up to 16 crochet elements per centimeter being sought. EP-A-0 266 481 - BERGER (-28T 74 cp.) Shows how perforated needles are arranged in the necessary number per centimeter of machine width

To form a fluff on the front broad side of the band (seen from the viewer location B), according to the invention, a weft coulter laying device can be arranged in front of the web for the sheets of rubber-elastic threads, while one in front of and behind the web of the elastic thread sheets Single-weft laying device is present, that is, a device that places a single weft thread or a bundle of parallel weft threads across the width of the sheet of elastic threads. The weft coulter laying device can be moved back and forth and is displaceable laterally so that, depending on which weft needles of a set of weft threads, a desired fleece pattern can be produced.

Another aspect of the invention relates to an elastic band which is crocheted on one of the claimed devices and has fleece and possibly picos.

Further developments of both parts of the invention result from the subclaims.

If the tape should also have a fleece on its back, a rear weft coulter laying device can be provided which is arranged instead of a rear single weft laying device. If, on the other hand, the tape is to be smooth on its back, that is to say without fluff, there is only a single-shot laying device at the back in a known manner. In view of the desired high fineness of the elastic band, the perforated needles of the weft share laying device (s) cannot reach between the heads of the crochet needles. The heads of the front weft coulter laying device temporarily reach from and above between the warp threads of the warp thread sheet extending from the warp thread perforating needles to the stitch formation point. The droplets of front weft threads are then taken from the warp threads to the heads of the crochet hooks.

If a rear weft coulter laying device is used, the heads of their perforated needles, with the crochet hooks withdrawn, are brought from behind and above as close as possible to the stitch formation point, namely to a position on the upper edges of a knock-off rail and a retaining rail, between which the crocheted elastic band is pulled off downwards. The coulters of the rear weft threads are gripped by the heads of the crochet hooks and taken away.

If the elastic band should have small loops ("Picos") on one or both of its edges, one or two claw-shaped elements ("claws") can be attached to each drive shaft, which run parallel to the laying rails for the crochet tools and swing up and down so that one claw tip is wrapped by one of the supplied wefts when it is deflected. After crocheting this weft and swinging the claw back, a pico has formed there. The same applies to the other edge of the tape, where a claw is also swung in and out at different times.

Exemplary embodiments with further features of the invention are described below with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a left side view of a crochet machine with crochet tools for producing an elastic band with front loop and picos on the edges.

FIG. 2 shows a similar representation of the crochet tools for the production of an elastic band with fleece on both sides. A device for generating picos is not shown here for simplicity.

Figure 3 is a top view of some of the crochet tools of Figure 1.

Figure 4 shows a part of a chain link control in front view.

FIG. 5 is an oblique view from the top left of some of the crochet tools according to FIG. 1 with the crochet hooks pushed to the side.

FIG. 6 is an oblique view from the top right of some of the crochet tools according to FIG. 1 with the crochet hooks pulled back as far as possible.

The viewer's reference location B is on the right in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, at the bottom left in FIG. 6 and at the bottom in FIG. 3.

Flocks of rubber-elastic threads 14 (made of natural or synthetic rubber) are guided from above with strong stretching (about 100%) between the teeth of combs 16 to a stitch formation site 6. The finished crocheted band 8 is pulled downwards under the same stretch, namely in a narrow gap between a knock-off rail 10 and a retaining rail 12. FIG. 1 shows, seen from the left, a needle bar 2, in which crochet hooks 4 (carbine needles) with heads 5 are clamped. With the needle bar, the crochet hooks can be moved out of their extremely rear position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 between tines 3 of a knock-off rail 10 and the rubber-elastic threads 14 from to to a position according to FIG. 5 and back again.

A group of warp threads 22 is guided from a warp beam 24 through the heads 28 of warp thread perforated needles 26 to the stitch formation point 6. There are two sets of perforated needles 26 rigidly attached to a warp thread laying rail 29 in such a way that their heads engage between one another, as described in the document EP-A-0 266 481 - BERGER - (* 28-74 cp) is. The warp needles are moved back and forth (seen from location B). In addition, the perforated needles are shifted from left to right by approximately the distance between two crochet hooks 4 so that the heads 5 of the crochet hooks are looped around by the warp threads.

A rear and a front single-weft laying device 30h and 30v serve to feed a front weft thread, which is referred to here as a "single weft", which is either a single thread or a bundle of individual threads lying next to one another. Which are arranged behind or in front of the web for one of the coulters of the elastic threads 14. These single-weft laying devices each have a weft guide 34h, 34v, which firmly engages around a laying rail 38h, 38v with a hook 39h, 39v and is controlled by this. It has at its lower end a tube 36h, 36v through which the individual weft thread 32h, 32v is guided back and forth, above the warp threads 22 and transversely to them near the stitch formation point 6. The tubes guide the weft thread an upwardly curved path from the left edge of the sheet of warp threads and rubber-elastic threads to their right edge and back, so that it is crocheted.

To create a fluff on the front of the belt 8, a set of weft threads 56v is fed from a front weft laying device 50v, specifically through heads 53v of perforated needles 52v, which are attached to a weft laying rail 54v. Figure 5 shows further details. Preferably, these perforated needles 52v are also arranged like the perforated needles 26, that is to say in the form of obliquely interlocking perforated needle packs. The perforated needles 52v are shown in FIG. 1 in two different positions, in an upper position in which the front weft threads 56v run obliquely from above to the stitch formation point 6 and in a lower position in which the heads of the Weft needles 53v have been passed through the set of warp threads 22. From there they are taken along by the warp threads when looping the heads 5 of the crochet hooks and then integrated.

If the elastic band to be crocheted only on its one, z. B. front broadside with a fleece, it must be prevented that it later curls because of the asymmetry of the weft threads. For this purpose, the rear single-weft laying device 30h does not feed a single weft thread in this case, but rather a bundle of parallel weft threads. This should not be confused with a set of weft threads, as used by a weft laying device, e.g. B. 50h is supplied.

If a fleece is also to be produced on the rear side of the elastic band, a rear weft coulter laying device 50h can be arranged instead of the rear single weft laying device 30h, which leads a coulter of rear weft threads 56h to the stitch formation point according to FIG. Figure 2 shows the position in which the rear weft needles 52h are brought as far as possible to the stitch formation point 6. They are also involved in this situation, with their previous right-left shift deciding between which crochet hooks this is done.

With the use of front and rear weft coulter laying devices, elastic bands with fleece on both sides can be crocheted.

FIG. 3 shows the needle bar 2 from above and the crochet hooks 4 clamped in it, as well as the weft thread guides 34h, 34v with tubes 36h, 36v for the rear and front individual weft threads, with somewhat changed dimensions. The combs 16 for the rubber-elastic threads are attached to a laying rail 80.

The front weft perforating needles 52v are fastened to the front weft thread laying shank 54v and the perforating needles 26 for the warp threads to the associated warp thread laying rail 29.

For the sake of simplicity, only one set of crochet tools is shown in FIG. 3. However, many such sets are arranged side by side across the machine width in a known manner. A chain link drum 82 is indicated in FIG. Chains run around the drum to steer each of the laying rails sideways. Only one chain is shown which has links 84 and 86 for controlling the front coulter lay rail 54v. Depending on the (radially measured) height of the chain links, the laying rail 54v for the front weft needles 52v is moved sideways via a scanning roller 88. It is thereby achieved that the front weft threads are moved over one or more warp threads, depending on the desired pattern of the fluff. The pattern is achieved in a known manner by using higher or lower chain links 84, 86.

The same applies to the rear weft thread guide 54h, which is not shown in FIG. The warp thread laying rail 29 and the rear and front laying rail 38h, 38v for the single weft threads are controlled by other chains. The warp thread laying rail 29 is shifted right-left-right, but only by small distances, namely essentially the distance between the centers of two adjacent crochet needle heads 5.

FIG. 5 shows a part of the crochet tools with crochet needles 4 advanced to the maximum. It also shows one of many sets of front warp thread perforated needles 26 to be arranged next to one another, but only a set of warp threads 22. The warp threads run from the heads 28 of the Pierced needles 18 to the stitch formation point 6. The tube 36h can be seen in its leftmost position. It feeds the rear weft 32h. One recognizes the hook 39h of the weft thread guide 34h, which engages around its (the rear) laying rail 38h and is moved with this right-left-right.

The front single-shot laying device 30v and the rear weft share laying device 50h have not been shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 for the sake of a better overview.

It can be seen in FIGS. 5 and 6 that a group of front weft threads 56v is guided from above to the heads of the front weft thread needles 52v. The sets of front weft piercing needles 52v are attached to the lay rail 54v which runs (to the right in Figure 5) to the chain link drum. Function of the crochet tools described so far

A group of rubber-elastic threads 14 is guided from above between the tines of one of the combs 16 to the stitch formation point 6. The crochet hooks 4 are moved back and forth with the needle bar 2 between the tines 3 of the knock-off rail 10 and reach through between the rubber-elastic threads. The warp thread perforated needles 26 feed the warp threads 22 from the front and, by means of a sideways offset, ensure that the heads 5 of the crochet hooks are looped around. The rear weft guide 34h places a rear weft from right to left and back across the sheet of the rubber-elastic threads 14. The front weft needles 52v reach from above and from obliquely downwards between the sheet of warp threads 22, so that the front Weft threads 56v are guided obliquely from below to the stitch formation point 6 and are placed together with the warp threads in the heads of the crochet hooks. In a manner known per se, stitches are formed and the finished elastic band 8 is pulled off downward, the elastic threads being stretched as far as the warp threads 22 allow. Later, when the elastic band is relieved, it contracts in the longitudinal direction. The desired fleece then results from the fact that the front weft threads 52v, which are initially lying flat, now form loops.

The structure of the fluff can be varied, on the one hand by the number of weft threads 56v used. In general, not each of the weft needles 52v feeds a weft. Rather, one can release other needles according to the desired pattern between weft needles. The height and circumferential length of the chain links used can also be used to control the extent of the sideways movement of the laying rails and the weft needles.

If there is also a rear weft coulter laying device 50h, an elastic band can be crocheted which has a fleece on both broad sides, the fleece patterns on both sides being the same or different.

If fleece is not to be produced on either side of the hinge, then instead of the front and rear weft coulter laying devices 50v, 50h, front and rear single weft laying devices 30v and 30h are used. Pico device and its function

If the elastic band should have picos (small loops) on one or both edges, then a right and a left pico device 70R and 70L are used, as is only shown in FIGS. 1 and 6. Each of the two pico devices has a so-called Kraller 74R and 74L, namely a dome that tapers at its upper end in FIG. 1 and is curved to the left. Each claw is fixed in a holder 76R, 76L and sits with this holder in a rotationally fixed manner on a drive shaft 72R, 72L. The two drive shafts are also controlled by a chain of the chain link drum, specifically an initially generated right-left movement is converted into pure swivel movements of the drive shafts 72R and 72L by mechanical deflection in a manner known per se.

If only Picos is to be produced on one edge of the band, only one of the claws is activated, while the other remains pivoted out, as is the case with the claw 74L in FIG. 1 or removed. If the front weft thread 32v is guided all the way to the right, the claw 74R is pivoted into its effective position shown in FIG. 1 to produce a pico. The front weft thread 32v is, as usual, moved to the left by the front weft thread guide 34v across the width of the warp thread sheet and is crocheted. The right claw is then swung out. A pico remains on the right edge of the ribbon.

The same applies to the left edge of the belt, where the Kraller 74L can also generate picos.

Picos can be generated either on the left or only on the right edge or on both edges, depending on the control of the drive shafts 72R and 72L, the picos are generated at regular or irregular small or large intervals. REFERENCES

Location of the viewer

Needle bar

prong

Crochet hook

Crochet needle head

Mesh formation elastic band

Tee rail

Retaining rail elastic threads

Comb

Laying device for warp thread coulter

Warp threads

Warp beam

Warp needle

Head of the warp needle

Warp thread guide

rear, front single-weft laying device rear, front weft rear, front weft guide rear, front tube rear, front laying rail for single weft rear, front hook

rear, front weft share laying device rear, front perforating needles for weft share rear, front heads of the perforating needles rear, front weft share laying rail rear, front weft threads 70L, 80R Pico device

72L, 72R drive shaft for left and right claws

74L, 74R left, right claw

76L, 76R left, right holder

80 Laying device for rubber-elastic threads

82 chain link drum

84, 86 chain link

88 scanning roll

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Device on a warp knitting machine (crochet machine) for crocheting an elastic band (8), the device having the following crochet tools: a) Crochet hooks (4) which are clamped in a needle bar (2) and can be moved back and forth with it b) a laying device (80) for feeding sheets of rubber-elastic threads (14), c) a laying device (20) for sheets of warp threads (22) with a warp thread laying rail (29) which can be moved back and forth and can be displaced sideways. with carrier for sets of warp thread perforated needles (26), d) in front of a path described by the rubber-elastic threads, a front single-weft laying device (30v) for feeding a front weft thread (32v) or a bundle of front weft threads, e) optionally behind the web described by the rubber-elastic threads a rear single-shot laying device (30h), characterized in that f) that, in order to produce a particularly fine band, more than eight, in particular a further twelve crochet elements are provided per centimeter of machine width, and g) that, to form a bunch on one or both broad sides of the band, in front of and / or behind the web described by the sheets of rubber-elastic threads (14) (each) a weft share - Laying device (50v, 50h) with sets of weft perforated needles (52v, 52h) for feeding a set of weft threads (56v, 56h) is arranged.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that behind the tracks for the rubber-elastic threads either, for crocheting back fluff, a rear weft laying device (50h) is provided or, for crocheting a tape with fluff-free back, a rear single weft Laying device (30h) is provided.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the weft coulter laying devices (50v, 50h) has a weft laying rail (54v, 54h) which can be moved back and forth in relation to the stitch formation point (6) in its longitudinal direction is pivotable controlled about its longitudinal axis.

4. Device according to Anspmch 3, characterized by such an arrangement and guidance of the front weft laying device (50v) that the heads (53v) of their weft needles (52v) temporarily from and above between the warp threads of the Grasp the warp thread perforated needles (26) to the warp thread sheet (22) running through the stitch formation point (6).

5. Device according to Anspmch 3, characterized by such an arrangement and guidance of the rear weft laying device (50h) that the heads of their weft needles (52h), with the crochet hooks (4) retracted, from behind and above close to the stitch formation point ( 6) are introduced.

6. Apparatus according to Anspmch 1 or 3, characterized in that in a manner known per se, two sets of perforated needles (26, 52v, 52h) are arranged at an acute angle to one another, such that the heads of one and the interpose another sentence.

7. Apparatus according to Anspmch 1 or 2, characterized in that each single-weft laying device (30v, 30h) has a laterally behind and / or in front of the host of rubber-elastic threads (14), over their width back and forth movable weft guide (34v, 34h) Has.

8. The device according to Anspmch 1, characterized in that a) that to produce small loops ("Picos") on at least one edge of the elastic band, one or two claw-shaped elements per band ("Kraller" (74L, 74R)) each fixed to a drive shaft (72L, 72R) which are arranged parallel to the laying rails and can be pivoted in a controlled manner and b) that the tip of each claw (74L, 74R) can be pivoted in just outside the outermost rubber-elastic thread (14) of the share, such that a supplied single weft thread (32v, 32h) engages around the swiveled-in tip of the claw, and that the claw is swung out again after the weft thread has been bound in.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a rotatable, known chain link drum (82) with chain links (84, 86), corresponding to the fleece pattern to be generated, for sideways control of the laying rail (s) (29, 38v, 38h, 54v , 54h) and possibly for the rotary control of the Kraller drive shaft (s) (72L, 72R).

10. Elastic band, characterized in that a) that it is crocheted using a device on a warp knitting machine (crochet machine) with crochet tools according to one of the preceding claims, b) that it has a fineness corresponding to more than eight, in particular twelve, rubber-elastic Has threads per centimeter machine width, c) that it is provided on one of its broad sides with a fleece from at least one sheet of additional weft threads.

11. Elastic band according to Anspmch 10, characterized in that it is also provided on its other broad side with a fleece made of at least one set of additional weft threads.

12. Elastic band according to Anspmch 10 or 11, characterized in that it is provided with at least one of its edges with small loops ("picos").