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EP0662736B1 - Rotating electrical slipring with multiwire brushes - Google Patents

Rotating electrical slipring with multiwire brushes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0662736B1
EP0662736B1 EP94400681A EP94400681A EP0662736B1 EP 0662736 B1 EP0662736 B1 EP 0662736B1 EP 94400681 A EP94400681 A EP 94400681A EP 94400681 A EP94400681 A EP 94400681A EP 0662736 B1 EP0662736 B1 EP 0662736B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotating electrical
strands
brushes
commutator according
electrical commutator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94400681A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0662736A1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Blanchard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Everaxis Aerospace and Defence SAS
Original Assignee
Air Precision SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Precision SA filed Critical Air Precision SA
Publication of EP0662736A1 publication Critical patent/EP0662736A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0662736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0662736B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64Devices for uninterrupted current collection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/24Laminated contacts; Wire contacts, e.g. metallic brush, carbon fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical collector turning comprising one or more slip rings and at least one multi-strand broom in lateral support sliding against each slip ring, so that allow the transmission of one or more signals electric between two rooms able to be animated by a relative rotational movement.
  • the rotating electrical collectors are devices that transmit one or more several electrical signals between a fixed part or stator, and a moving part or rotor. Such devices are used in many industrial sectors among which we will cite, only as examples, machine tools, transport air, naval and terrestrial, radars, etc.
  • the rotor of a rotating electrical collector includes a number of rings electrically conductive equal to the number of electrical signals that must pass the device. These rings electrically conductive are arranged on an axis electrically insulating and separated from each other by a electrically insulating material.
  • the stator of rotating electrical collectors generally includes, opposite each of electrically conductive rings, at least two brushes most often made up of a strand single electrically conductive continuously rubbing on the corresponding ring.
  • Gorges can be machined on electrically conductive rings for guide the brushes.
  • the electrical collectors single-strand brushes therefore have the main disadvantages the introduction of electrical noise into the signals they transmit, sometimes a lifetime insufficient and a relative linear speed between slip rings and brushes which cannot exceed certain limits.
  • the majority of the strands of the bundle forming a broom is not directly in contact with the slip ring. Therefore, the transmission electrical signals are made from strand to strand up to the slip ring, which is not satisfactory from the point of view of resistance variation of contact.
  • Document EP-A-54 380 describes a rotary electrical collector provided with a multi-strand brush also formed of a large number of metallic wires of very small diameter, applied tangentially in a rectangular groove, in U or V shape of a ring collector.
  • the subject of the invention is precisely a rotating electrical collector with brushes an original design allowing to reduce noticeably the electrical noises due to vibrations, compared to single-wire brushes, while allowing longer service life and higher linear speeds to those allowed with single-wire brushes, without risk creation of short circuits due to breaks broom strands, and whatever the diameter slip rings, in particular for very small collectors used in gyroscopic applications.
  • this result is obtained by means of an electrical collector rotating at multi-strand brooms, suitable for placing between two parts likely to be rotated relative, this collector comprising at least one ring manifold provided with an annular groove, made of an electrically material conductor and carried by a first of said parts and at least one multi-strand broom made of a material electrically conductive and carried by the second piece so as to be in lateral sliding contact against the slip ring, according to a determined bearing force, characterized by the fact that each multi-strand broom includes a bundle of two to five strands juxtaposed, received in the annular groove of the slip ring so that each of them is simultaneously in contact with this throat.
  • multi-strand brushes a limited number of strands arranged so as to be all in contact with the annular groove of the ring collector significantly reduces variations dynamic electrical resistance to surfaces of contact, in particular by providing self-damping vibrations. This results in a significant decrease electrical noise generated in the collector as well as a marked improvement in service life and linear speeds likely to be reached, compared to single-wire brush collectors.
  • limiting the number of strands constituting each broom at a very low number allows to give these strands a sufficient diameter to avoid any risk of rupture likely to produce unacceptable short circuits in the collector.
  • each multi-strand broom further includes a base having a receptacle in which is received one end of the bundle and a support force adjustment rod, carrying the receptacle and able to be fixed on a terminal block of the second room.
  • This rod is advantageously a rod straight folded to form an angle that determines the support force.
  • the strands are welded in a blind hole in receptacle.
  • each broom present either a section V-shaped, i.e. a U-shaped section.
  • two the brushes are preferably in sliding lateral support, opposite direction, in each of the annular grooves.
  • the rotating electric collector illustrated schematically in Figure 1 comprises a rotor 10 and a stator 12.
  • the rotor 10 mainly comprises an axis 14, made of an electrically insulating material, on which are fitted with slip rings 16, made of an electrically conductive material. These slip rings 16 are separated from each other others by electrically insulating rings 18.
  • the number of rings 16 and 18 can be any and basically depends on the number of signals to be transmitted through the collector.
  • each of the slip rings 16 electrical conductors inside the axis 14, so as to connect each of the slip rings 16 to systems capable of receive or transmit electrical signals by the rings.
  • the axis 14 of the rotor 10 is supported by two flanges 22 of stator 12, via two bearings 24.
  • the stator 12 of the rotating electrical collector further comprises a tubular piece 26 which connects between them the two flanges 22 coaxially with the axis 14, around slip rings 16 and insulating rings 18.
  • the tubular part 26 carries a terminal block 27 in one electrically insulating material, supporting blades conductive.
  • This terminal block 27 supports, in a cutting plane radially each of the slip rings 16, two multi-strand brushes 28 which are arranged so as to be in sliding lateral support, in opposite direction, on the corresponding slip ring 16. More precisely, each pair of brushes 28 is supported in a groove of guide 30 of the corresponding slip ring 16, this groove 30 advantageously having a section V-shaped ( Figure 3) or U-shaped ( Figure 4). Fixation two brushes 28 of the same pair on the terminal block 27 is carried out in two neighboring locations, such so that the brushes 28 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the geometric axis of axis 14.
  • each of the multi-strand brushes 28 comprises a bundle of n juxtaposed strands, n being able to vary between 2 and 5 and being advantageously equal to 3, as illustrated in the figures.
  • the strands 32 are all identical and they are made of an electrically conductive material, mechanically resistant and having good elasticity. This material can in particular consist of a metallic alloy such as a gold-based alloy.
  • each of the strands 32 of the broom 28 is advantageously between 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm. This dimension avoids any risk of breakage and therefore short circuit inside the collector, without significantly increasing the size of the brushes.
  • Each of the multi-strand brushes 28 includes plus a base 34 by which the strands 32 are mounted on terminal block 27 of the stator.
  • This base 34 is made of an electrically conductive material such than brass.
  • a first end of the beam formed by the strands 32 is embedded in a blind hole formed in a tubular receptacle 36 constituting a part of the base 34.
  • the base 34 further comprises a rod 38 which is aligned with the strands 32 when these the latter are embedded in receptacle 36.
  • the three strands 32 of each of the brushes are embedded in the blind hole of receptacle 36 and they are welded to it by welding 40.
  • This welding 40 can be carried out electrically.
  • the strands 32 are then straight and aligned with the rod 38 as shown in solid line in Figure 2.
  • the rod 38 is bent at a determined angle, in a plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of axis 14, as shown in dashed lines in the figure 2. This angle is such that when the rotor is in place, the strands 32 of the brush 28 are in lateral support sliding in the groove 30 of the corresponding ring 16, by undergoing a certain outward bending which determines the support force.
  • groove 30 with V-shaped section has been replaced by a U-shaped section groove.
  • characteristic notably improves the distribution between the strands 32 of the loads due to the force with which the brush is applied against the groove, while preserving the guiding effect provided by this throat.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un collecteur électrique tournant comportant une ou plusieurs bagues collectrices et au moins un balai multibrin en appui latéral glissant contre chaque bague collectrice, de façon à permettre la transmission d'un ou plusieurs signaux électriques entre deux pièces aptes à être animées d'un mouvement de rotation relative.The invention relates to an electrical collector turning comprising one or more slip rings and at least one multi-strand broom in lateral support sliding against each slip ring, so that allow the transmission of one or more signals electric between two rooms able to be animated by a relative rotational movement.

Les collecteurs électriques tournants sont des dispositifs qui permettent de transmettre un ou plusieurs signaux électriques entre une partie fixe ou stator, et une partie mobile ou rotor. De tels dispositifs sont utilisés dans de nombreux secteurs industriels parmi lesquels on citera, uniquement à titre d'exemples, les machines outils, les transports aériens, navals et terrestres,les radars, etc..The rotating electrical collectors are devices that transmit one or more several electrical signals between a fixed part or stator, and a moving part or rotor. Such devices are used in many industrial sectors among which we will cite, only as examples, machine tools, transport air, naval and terrestrial, radars, etc.

Le rotor d'un collecteur électrique tournant comprend un nombre de bagues électriquement conductrices égal au nombre de signaux électriques que doit transmettre le dispositif. Ces bagues électriquement conductrices sont disposées sur un axe électriquement isolant et séparées les unes des autres par un matériau électriquement isolant.The rotor of a rotating electrical collector includes a number of rings electrically conductive equal to the number of electrical signals that must pass the device. These rings electrically conductive are arranged on an axis electrically insulating and separated from each other by a electrically insulating material.

Le stator des collecteurs électriques tournants comprend généralement, en face de chacune des bagues électriquement conductrices, au moins deux balais constitués chacun, le plus souvent, par un brin unique électriquement conducteur frottant en permanence sur la bague correspondante. Des gorges peuvent être usinées sur les bagues électriquement conductrices pour assurer le guidage des balais. The stator of rotating electrical collectors generally includes, opposite each of electrically conductive rings, at least two brushes most often made up of a strand single electrically conductive continuously rubbing on the corresponding ring. Gorges can be machined on electrically conductive rings for guide the brushes.

Lorsque les balais des collecteurs électriques tournants sont des balais monobrins, comme c'est habituellement le cas, les vibrations qui se produisent inévitablement lors du fonctionnement entraínent des variations dans le temps des surfaces de contact entre les balais et les bagues collectrices pouvant aller jusqu'à de brèves pertes de contact. Ces variations des surfaces de contact et ces brèves pertes de contact ont pour conséquence des variations sensibles de la résistance électrique dynamique dans les zones de contact glissants des collecteurs.When the brushes of the electrical collectors swivels are solid brooms, as it is usually the case, the vibrations that occur inevitably during operation lead to variations over time of the contact surfaces between brushes and slip rings that can go up to brief loss of contact. These variations of contact surfaces and these brief contact losses have as a result of significant variations in resistance dynamic electric in contact areas slippery collectors.

Cela se traduit tout d'abord par l'apparition de bruits dans les signaux électriques transmis pas ces collecteurs.This first results in the appearance noise in the transmitted electrical signals not these collectors.

Cela se traduit aussi par une accélération de l'usure des balais, à la fois pour des raisons mécaniques et du fait de l'échauffement qui se produit par effet Joule lors de l'accroissement de la résistance électrique dynamique entraínée par les pertes de contact.This also results in an acceleration brush wear, both for mechanical reasons and because of the overheating that occurs by Joule effect when the resistance increases dynamic electric driven by losses of contact.

Ces phénomènes sont d'autant plus sensibles que la vitesse de déplacement linéaire relative entre les bagues collectrices et les balais du collecteur est élevée.These phenomena are all the more sensitive that the relative linear displacement speed between the slip rings and the brushes of the collector is high.

En résumé, les collecteurs électriques tournants à balais monobrins ont donc pour principaux inconvénients l'introduction de bruits électriques dans les signaux qu'ils transmettent, une durée de vie parfois insuffisante et une vitesse linéaire relative entre les bagues collectrices et les balais qui ne peut excéder certaines limites.In summary, the electrical collectors single-strand brushes therefore have the main disadvantages the introduction of electrical noise into the signals they transmit, sometimes a lifetime insufficient and a relative linear speed between slip rings and brushes which cannot exceed certain limits.

Comme l'indique notamment le document FR-A-2 469 813, il est connu de doter un collecteur électrique tournant de balais multibrins. Plus précisément, ce document propose de réaliser les balais d'un collecteur électrique tournant sous la forme d'un faisceau de brins constitué par l'assemblage d'un grand nombre de fils métalliques de très faible diamètre (10 µm à 300 µm).As indicated in particular in document FR-A-2 469 813, it is known to provide an electrical collector turning of multi-strand brushes. Specifically, this document proposes to make the brushes of a collector electric rotating in the form of a beam of strands consisting of the assembly of a large number of metallic wires of very small diameter (10 µm to 300 µm).

Dans un agencement de ce type, compte tenu du grand nombre de brins et de leur très faible diamètre, il se produit rapidement une usure qui conduit à la cassure de certains des brins. Il existe alors de forts risques de courts-circuits, ce qui constitue un inconvénient rédhibitoire rendant cette solution inacceptable dans la grande majorité des cas.In an arrangement of this type, taking into account the large number of strands and their very small diameter, wear and tear occurs quickly which leads to the breakage of some of the strands. There are then high risks of short circuits, which constitutes a crippling drawback making this solution unacceptable in the vast majority of cases.

De plus, la majorité des brins du faisceau formant un balai n'est pas directement en contact avec la bague collectrice. Par conséquent, la transmission des signaux électriques s'effectue de brins en brins jusqu'à la bague collectrice, ce qui n'est pas satisfaisant du point de vue de la variation de la résistance de contact.In addition, the majority of the strands of the bundle forming a broom is not directly in contact with the slip ring. Therefore, the transmission electrical signals are made from strand to strand up to the slip ring, which is not satisfactory from the point of view of resistance variation of contact.

Le document EP-A-54 380 décrit un collecteur électrique tournant doté d'un balai multibrin également formé d'un grand nombre de fils métalliques de très faible diamètre, appliqué tangentiellement dans une gorge rectangulaire, en U ou en V d'une bague collectrice.Document EP-A-54 380 describes a rotary electrical collector provided with a multi-strand brush also formed of a large number of metallic wires of very small diameter, applied tangentially in a rectangular groove, in U or V shape of a ring collector.

L'invention a précisément pour objet un collecteur électrique tournant dont les balais présentent une conception originale permettant de diminuer sensiblement les bruits électriques dus aux vibrations, par rapport aux balais monobrins, tout en autorisant une durée de vie et des vitesses linéaires supérieures à celles permises avec les balais monobrins, sans risque de création de courts-circuits par suite de cassures des brins du balai, et quel que soit le diamètre des bagues collectrices, c'est-à-dire notamment pour des collecteurs de très petites dimensions utilisés dans des applications gyroscopiques.The subject of the invention is precisely a rotating electrical collector with brushes an original design allowing to reduce noticeably the electrical noises due to vibrations, compared to single-wire brushes, while allowing longer service life and higher linear speeds to those allowed with single-wire brushes, without risk creation of short circuits due to breaks broom strands, and whatever the diameter slip rings, in particular for very small collectors used in gyroscopic applications.

Conformément à l'invention, ce résultat est obtenu au moyen d'un collecteur électrique tournant à balais multibrins, apte à être placé entre deux pièces susceptibles d'être animées d'un mouvement de rotation relative, ce collecteur comprenant au moins une bague collectrice pourvue d'une gorge annulaire, réalisée en un matériau électriquement conducteur et portée par une première desdites pièces et au moins un balai multibrin réalisé en un matériau électriquement conducteur et porté par la deuxième pièce de façon à être en appui latéral glissant contre la bague collectrice, selon une force d'appui déterminée, caractérisé par le fait que chaque balai multibrin comprend un faisceau de deux à cinq brins juxtaposés, reçu dans la gorge annulaire de la bague collectrice de façon telle que chacun d'entre eux soit simultanément en contact avec cette gorge.According to the invention, this result is obtained by means of an electrical collector rotating at multi-strand brooms, suitable for placing between two parts likely to be rotated relative, this collector comprising at least one ring manifold provided with an annular groove, made of an electrically material conductor and carried by a first of said parts and at least one multi-strand broom made of a material electrically conductive and carried by the second piece so as to be in lateral sliding contact against the slip ring, according to a determined bearing force, characterized by the fact that each multi-strand broom includes a bundle of two to five strands juxtaposed, received in the annular groove of the slip ring so that each of them is simultaneously in contact with this throat.

L'utilisation de balais multibrins présentant un nombre limité de brins disposés de façon à être tous en contact avec la gorge annulaire de la bague collectrice permet de diminuer sensiblement les variations de résistance électrique dynamique aux surfaces de contact, notamment en procurant un auto- amortissement des vibrations. Il en découle une diminution sensible des bruits électriques engendrés dans le collecteur ainsi qu'une nette amélioration de la durée de vie et des vitesses linéaires susceptibles d'être atteintes, par rapport aux collecteurs à balais monobrins.The use of multi-strand brushes a limited number of strands arranged so as to be all in contact with the annular groove of the ring collector significantly reduces variations dynamic electrical resistance to surfaces of contact, in particular by providing self-damping vibrations. This results in a significant decrease electrical noise generated in the collector as well as a marked improvement in service life and linear speeds likely to be reached, compared to single-wire brush collectors.

De plus, la limitation du nombre de brins constituant chaque balai à un nombre très faible permet de donner à ces brins un diamètre suffisant pour éviter tout risque de rupture susceptible de produire des courts-circuits inacceptables dans le collecteur.In addition, limiting the number of strands constituting each broom at a very low number allows to give these strands a sufficient diameter to avoid any risk of rupture likely to produce unacceptable short circuits in the collector.

La forme de réalisation présentant le compromis le plus satisfaisant correspond au cas où chaque balai multibrin comprend trois brins juxtaposés.The embodiment presenting the most satisfactory compromise corresponds to the case where each multi-strand broom has three juxtaposed strands.

De préférence, chaque balai multibrin comprend de plus une embase comportant un réceptacle dans lequel est reçue une extrémité du faisceau et une tige de réglage de la force d'appui, portant le réceptacle et apte à être fixée sur un bornier de la deuxième pièce.Preferably, each multi-strand broom further includes a base having a receptacle in which is received one end of the bundle and a support force adjustment rod, carrying the receptacle and able to be fixed on a terminal block of the second room.

Cette tige est avantageusement une tige rectiligne pliée pour former un angle qui détermine la force d'appui.This rod is advantageously a rod straight folded to form an angle that determines the support force.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, les brins sont soudés dans un trou borgne du réceptacle.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the strands are welded in a blind hole in receptacle.

Selon le cas, la gorge annulaire dans laquelle est reçue chaque balai présente soit une section en forme de V, soit une section en forme de U.Depending on the case, the annular groove in which is received each broom present either a section V-shaped, i.e. a U-shaped section.

D'une manière en elle-même connue, deux balais sont de préférence en appui latéral glissant, en sens opposé, dans chacune des gorges annulaires.In a manner known per se, two the brushes are preferably in sliding lateral support, opposite direction, in each of the annular grooves.

On décrira à présent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme de réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, avec arrachement partiel, représentant un collecteur électrique tournant réalisé conformément à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale du collecteur de la figure 1, passant par l'axe de l'un des balais de ce collecteur ;
  • la figure 3 est une section selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2 ; et
  • la figure 4 est une section analogue à celle de la figure 3 illustrant une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view, partially broken away, showing a rotating electrical collector made according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the collector of Figure 1, passing through the axis of one of the brushes of this collector;
  • Figure 3 is a section along line III-III of Figure 2; and
  • Figure 4 is a section similar to that of Figure 3 illustrating an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Le collecteur électrique tournant illustré schématiquement sur la figure 1 comprend un rotor 10 et un stator 12.The rotating electric collector illustrated schematically in Figure 1 comprises a rotor 10 and a stator 12.

Le rotor 10 comprend principalement un axe 14, réalisé en un matériau électriquement isolant, sur lequel sont montées des bagues collectrices 16, réalisées en un matériau électriquement conducteur. Ces bagues collectrices 16 sont séparées les unes des autres par des bagues électriquement isolantes 18. Le nombre des bagues 16 et 18 peut être quelconque et dépend essentiellement du nombre de signaux à transmettre au travers du collecteur.The rotor 10 mainly comprises an axis 14, made of an electrically insulating material, on which are fitted with slip rings 16, made of an electrically conductive material. These slip rings 16 are separated from each other others by electrically insulating rings 18. The number of rings 16 and 18 can be any and basically depends on the number of signals to be transmitted through the collector.

Des conducteurs électriques 20 cheminent à l'intérieur de l'axe 14, de façon à relier chacune des bagues collectrices 16 à des systèmes susceptibles de recevoir ou d'émettre les signaux électriques cheminant par les bagues.20 electrical conductors inside the axis 14, so as to connect each of the slip rings 16 to systems capable of receive or transmit electrical signals by the rings.

L'axe 14 du rotor 10 est supporté par deux flasques 22 du stator 12, par l'intermédiaire de deux paliers 24.The axis 14 of the rotor 10 is supported by two flanges 22 of stator 12, via two bearings 24.

Le stator 12 du collecteur électrique tournant comprend de plus une pièce tubulaire 26 qui relie entre eux les deux flasques 22 coaxialement à l'axe 14, autour des bagues collectrices 16 et des bagues isolantes 18. La pièce tubulaire 26 porte un bornier 27 en un matériau électriquement isolant, supportant des lames conductrices.The stator 12 of the rotating electrical collector further comprises a tubular piece 26 which connects between them the two flanges 22 coaxially with the axis 14, around slip rings 16 and insulating rings 18. The tubular part 26 carries a terminal block 27 in one electrically insulating material, supporting blades conductive.

Ce bornier 27 supporte, dans un plan coupant radialement chacune des bagues collectrices 16, deux balais multibrins 28 qui sont disposés de façon à être en appui latéral glissant, en sens opposé, sur la bague collectrice 16 correspondante. Plus précisément, chaque paire de balais 28 prend appui dans une gorge de guidage 30 de la bague collectrice 16 correspondante, cette gorge 30 présentant avantageusement une section en forme de V (figure 3) ou de U (figure 4). La fixation des deux balais 28 d'une même paire sur le bornier 27 est effectuée en deux emplacements voisins, de telle sorte que les balais 28 soient disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan passant par l'axe géométrique de l'axe 14.This terminal block 27 supports, in a cutting plane radially each of the slip rings 16, two multi-strand brushes 28 which are arranged so as to be in sliding lateral support, in opposite direction, on the corresponding slip ring 16. More precisely, each pair of brushes 28 is supported in a groove of guide 30 of the corresponding slip ring 16, this groove 30 advantageously having a section V-shaped (Figure 3) or U-shaped (Figure 4). Fixation two brushes 28 of the same pair on the terminal block 27 is carried out in two neighboring locations, such so that the brushes 28 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the geometric axis of axis 14.

La réalisation individuelle de chacun des balais multibrins 28 va à présent être décrite en détail en se référant aux figures 2 et 3.The individual realization of each of multi-strand brushes 28 will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 2 and 3.

Conformément à l'invention, chacun des balais multibrins 28 comprend un faisceau de n brins juxtaposés, n pouvant varier entre 2 et 5 et étant avantageusement égal à 3, comme l'illustrent les figures. Les brins 32 sont tous identiques et ils sont réalisés en un matériau électriquement conducteur, mécaniquement résistant et présentant une bonne élasticité. Ce matériau peut notamment être constitué par un alliage métallique tel qu'un alliage à base d'or.According to the invention, each of the multi-strand brushes 28 comprises a bundle of n juxtaposed strands, n being able to vary between 2 and 5 and being advantageously equal to 3, as illustrated in the figures. The strands 32 are all identical and they are made of an electrically conductive material, mechanically resistant and having good elasticity. This material can in particular consist of a metallic alloy such as a gold-based alloy.

Le diamètre de chacun des brins 32 du balai 28 est avantageusement compris entre 0,15 mm et 0,25 mm. Cette dimension évite tout risque de cassure et, par conséquent, de court-circuit à l'intérieur du collecteur, sans pour autant accroítre de façon sensible l'encombrement des balais.The diameter of each of the strands 32 of the broom 28 is advantageously between 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm. This dimension avoids any risk of breakage and therefore short circuit inside the collector, without significantly increasing the size of the brushes.

Chacun des balais multibrins 28 comprend de plus une embase 34 par laquelle les brins 32 sont montés sur le bornier 27 du stator. Cette embase 34 est réalisée en un matériau électriquement conducteur tel que du laiton. Une première extrémité du faisceau formé par les brins 32 est encastrée dans un trou borgne formé dans un réceptacle tubulaire 36 constituant une partie de l'embase 34. L'embase 34 comprend de plus une tige 38 qui est alignée avec les brins 32 lorsque ces derniers sont encastrés dans le réceptacle 36.Each of the multi-strand brushes 28 includes plus a base 34 by which the strands 32 are mounted on terminal block 27 of the stator. This base 34 is made of an electrically conductive material such than brass. A first end of the beam formed by the strands 32 is embedded in a blind hole formed in a tubular receptacle 36 constituting a part of the base 34. The base 34 further comprises a rod 38 which is aligned with the strands 32 when these the latter are embedded in receptacle 36.

Lors de la fabrication des balais 28, les trois brins 32 de chacun des balais sont encastrés dans le trou borgne du réceptacle 36 et ils y sont soudés par de la soudure 40. Cette soudure 40 peut être réalisée électriquement. Les brins 32 sont alors rectilignes et alignés avec la tige 38 comme on l'a représenté en trait plein sur la figure 2.During the manufacture of the brushes 28, the three strands 32 of each of the brushes are embedded in the blind hole of receptacle 36 and they are welded to it by welding 40. This welding 40 can be carried out electrically. The strands 32 are then straight and aligned with the rod 38 as shown in solid line in Figure 2.

Lorsque le balai 28 est fixé sur le bornier 27 du stator 12, la tige 38 est introduite dans un perçage 40, de profondeur définie, formé dans un contact électriquement conducteur porté par le bornier 27. La fixation définitive est assurée par soudage comme on l'a représenté en 42.When the brush 28 is fixed on the terminal block 27 of stator 12, rod 38 is introduced into a hole 40, of defined depth, formed in a electrically conductive contact carried by the terminal block 27. Final fixation is achieved by welding as shown in 42.

Afin que les brins 32 du balai 28 appuient ensuite avec une force d'appui prédéterminée contre la gorge 30 de la bague collectrice 16 correspondante, la tige 38 est pliée selon un angle déterminé, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe géométrique de l'axe 14, comme on l'a représenté en traits mixtes sur la figure 2. Cet angle est tel que, lorsque le rotor est en place, les brins 32 du balai 28 sont en appui latéral glissant dans la gorge 30 de la bague 16 correspondante, en subissant une certaine flexion vers l'extérieur qui détermine la force d'appui.So that the strands 32 of the brush 28 support then with a predetermined pressing force against the groove 30 of the corresponding slip ring 16, the rod 38 is bent at a determined angle, in a plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of axis 14, as shown in dashed lines in the figure 2. This angle is such that when the rotor is in place, the strands 32 of the brush 28 are in lateral support sliding in the groove 30 of the corresponding ring 16, by undergoing a certain outward bending which determines the support force.

Comme on l'a représenté sur la figure 3, lorsque la gorge 30 présente en section la forme d'un V, l'un des brins 32 du balai 28 prend appui dans le fond de la gorge alors que les deux autres brins 32 prennent appui à la fois sur les flancs de la gorge et sur le premier brin.As shown in Figure 3, when the groove 30 has in section the shape of a V, one of the strands 32 of the brush 28 is supported in the back of the throat while the other two strands 32 are supported both on the sides of the throat and on the first strand.

Les tests effectués à l'aide de balais réalisés de cette manière ont permis de montrer que les vibrations de chacun des brins 32 du balai sont auto-amortis par les autres brins, de telle sorte que les variations relatives des surfaces de contact entre les balais et les bagues collectrices sont sensiblement réduites par rapport à un collecteur équipé de balais monobrins. De plus, étant donné que chacun des brins 32 du balai est en contact directement avec la bague collectrice 16, les surfaces de contact sont accrues. En outre, la force d'appui élémentaire est réduite et répartie.Tests carried out using brushes in this way made it possible to show that the vibrations of each of the strands 32 of the broom are self-absorbed by the other strands, so that the relative variations of the contact surfaces between brushes and slip rings are noticeably reduced compared to a collector fitted with brushes single-strand. In addition, since each of the strands 32 of the brush is in direct contact with the slip ring 16, the contact surfaces are increased. In in addition, the elementary support force is reduced and distributed.

Ces changements de caractéristiques ont pour conséquences des diminutions sensibles des bruits électriques, de la résistance de contact, de l'échauffement par effet Joule et de l'usure mécanique dues à une force d'appui élémentaire réduite et répartie. Cela se traduit concrètement par une augmentation notable de la durée de vie par rapport aux collecteurs électriques tournants à balais monobrins ainsi que la possibilité d'atteindre des vitesses de déplacement linéaire relatif entre les balais et les bagues sensiblement plus élevées qu'avec des balais monobrins.These changes in characteristics have for consequences of significant reductions in noise electrical, contact resistance, heating by Joule effect and mechanical wear due to reduced and distributed elementary support force. That translates concretely into a notable increase of the service life compared to electrical collectors single-strand brushes as well as the possibility achieve relative linear displacement speeds between the brushes and the rings substantially more high than with single-wire brushes.

De plus, ces avantages sont obtenus pour un coût de fabrication très réduit et sans risquer d'entraíner des courts-circuits dans le collecteur par suite de la cassure accidentelle de certains brins.In addition, these advantages are obtained for a very low manufacturing cost and without risking short circuits in the collector by following the accidental breakage of certain strands.

Dans la variante de réalisation de la figure 4, la gorge 30 à section en forme de V a été remplacée par une gorge à section en forme de U. Cette caractéristique permet notamment d'améliorer la répartition entre les brins 32 des charges dues à la force d'appui avec laquelle le balai est appliqué contre la gorge, tout en préservant l'effet de guidage procuré par cette gorge.In the alternative embodiment of the figure 4, groove 30 with V-shaped section has been replaced by a U-shaped section groove. characteristic notably improves the distribution between the strands 32 of the loads due to the force with which the brush is applied against the groove, while preserving the guiding effect provided by this throat.

Bien que l'utilisation de trois brins dans chacun des balais 28 constitue le meilleur compromis, on peut toutefois envisager de n'utiliser que deux brins, notamment dans le cas d'une gorge à section en forme de U, ou au contraire d'utiliser quatre à cinq brins. Dans ce dernier cas, il est toutefois souhaitable de s'assurer que la fixation des brins sur le stator soit réalisée de façon telle que chacun des brins soit directement en contact avec la gorge 30 usinée sur la bague collectrice 16.Although the use of three strands in each of the brushes 28 constitutes the best compromise, we can however consider using only two strands, especially in the case of a groove with a cross section U shape, or on the contrary to use four to five strands. In the latter case, however, it is desirable ensure that the strands are fixed to the stator be made in such a way that each of the strands either directly in contact with the groove 30 machined on the slip ring 16.

Claims (9)

  1. Rotating electrical commutator having multistranded brushes, which can be placed between two components (10, 12) capable of undergoing a movement of relative rotation, this commutator comprising at least one slip ring (16) provided with an annular groove (30), made of an electrically conductive material and carried by a first of the said components, and at least one multistranded brush (28) made of an electrically conductive material and carried by the second component (12) so as to be in sliding lateral bearing contact with the slip ring, with a defined bearing force, characterized in that each multistranded brush (28) comprises a bundle of two to five juxtaposed strands (32) and is housed in the annular groove (30) of the slip ring (16) in such a way that each of them is simultaneously in contact with this groove.
  2. Rotating electrical commutator according to Claim 1, characterized in that each multistranded brush (28) comprises three juxtaposed strands (32).
  3. Rotating electrical commutator according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each multistranded brush (28) additionally comprises a base (34) which includes a receptacle (36) in which one end of the bundle is housed and a rod (38) for adjusting the said bearing force, which rod bears the receptacle and can be fixed to a terminal block (27) on the second component (12).
  4. Rotating electrical commutator according to Claim 3, characterized in that the rod (38) is a straight rod bent in order to form an angle which determines the bearing force.
  5. Rotating electrical commutator according to either of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the strands (32) are soldered in a blind hole in the receptacle (36).
  6. Rotating electrical commutator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the strands (32) have the same circular cross-section with a diameter of between approximately 0.15 mm and approximately 0.25 mm.
  7. Rotating electrical commutator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular groove (30) has a U-shaped cross-section.
  8. Rotating electrical commutator according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the annular groove (30) has a V-shaped cross-section.
  9. Rotating electrical commutator according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two brushes (28) are in sliding lateral bearing contact, in opposite directions, in each of the annular grooves (30).
EP94400681A 1994-01-10 1994-03-30 Rotating electrical slipring with multiwire brushes Expired - Lifetime EP0662736B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400165 1994-01-10
FR9400165A FR2715005B1 (en) 1994-01-10 1994-01-10 Electric collector rotating with multi-strand brushes.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0662736A1 EP0662736A1 (en) 1995-07-12
EP0662736B1 true EP0662736B1 (en) 1998-11-18

Family

ID=9458875

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94400681A Expired - Lifetime EP0662736B1 (en) 1994-01-10 1994-03-30 Rotating electrical slipring with multiwire brushes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0662736B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69414687T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2715005B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809334A2 (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-26 Precisie Industrie v.d. Akker B.V. Slip ring assembly
DE10140014C1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2002-10-31 Schleifring Und Appbau Gmbh Retaining and contacting device for slip ring contact springs has mechanically rigid carrier elements coupled together via flexible printed circuit board
EP1317030A2 (en) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 Stemmann-Technik GmbH Slip ring transmitter

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DE10111403B4 (en) * 2001-03-09 2008-07-24 G. Dietrich Gmbh Device for transmitting or removing current to at least one or at least one slip ring
DE10215809B4 (en) * 2002-04-10 2008-09-25 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Sliding contact arrangement
DE102008001361A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-11-05 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Multiple brush for slip rings
DE102011006820A1 (en) 2011-04-06 2012-10-11 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Vibration-resistant slip ring arrangement
DE102011101621A1 (en) * 2011-05-14 2012-11-15 Ltn Servotechnik Gmbh Slip ring unit
DE102011077358B3 (en) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-06 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Vibration-insensitive brush block for slip rings
DE102011051804B4 (en) 2011-07-13 2013-09-19 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Slip ring brush with galvanic multilayer system
WO2013030563A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Overview Limited Improved slip ring apparatus and method of manufacturing a slip ring
FR2980921B1 (en) * 2011-10-03 2013-10-11 Centre Nat Etd Spatiales ELECTRICAL MANIFOLD WITH MECHANICALLY INDEPENDENT INSULATION TUBULAR INSULATION SLEEVES.
DE102012200561A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-18 Wobben Properties Gmbh A slip ring transmission
DE102012203842B3 (en) * 2012-03-12 2013-09-05 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Slip ring brush and slip ring brush holder
DE102012204829A1 (en) 2012-03-12 2013-09-12 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Slip ring brush for brush holder of slip ring arrangement for transmission of electric signals between mutually rotatable parts, has insertion mandrel comprising structure for pressing mandrel into hole of holder for receiving brush wire
EP2696449B1 (en) 2012-08-06 2015-02-25 Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH Slipring with integrated heating unit
EP2696442A1 (en) 2012-08-06 2014-02-12 Schleifring und Apparatebau GmbH Multifunctional housing for a slipring module
CN105393413B (en) 2013-05-17 2019-01-04 史莱福灵有限公司 High current slip ring for multifilament brush
EP2924817B1 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-08-29 Schleifring GmbH Slipring with Active Cooling
DE102014115291A1 (en) * 2014-10-21 2016-05-12 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg grounding device
EP3293836B1 (en) 2016-09-08 2019-04-17 Schleifring GmbH Methods of making contact wires for sliprings, device for manufacturing of contact wires for sliprings and contact wires for sliprings
EP3454435B1 (en) 2017-09-06 2019-09-04 Schleifring GmbH Stabilized gold wire brush for sliprings
EP3480901B1 (en) * 2017-11-06 2020-02-19 Schleifring GmbH Vibration absorbing device for slip-ring brushes
CN108321650A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-24 杭州驰宏科技有限公司 A kind of rotary connector
IT202000014803A1 (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-19 R M D Components Italia S R L Winder for recharging an electric or hybrid vehicle

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US4398113A (en) * 1980-12-15 1983-08-09 Litton Systems, Inc. Fiber brush slip ring assembly

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0809334A2 (en) * 1996-05-23 1997-11-26 Precisie Industrie v.d. Akker B.V. Slip ring assembly
DE10140014C1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2002-10-31 Schleifring Und Appbau Gmbh Retaining and contacting device for slip ring contact springs has mechanically rigid carrier elements coupled together via flexible printed circuit board
FR2828592A1 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-02-14 Schleifring Und Appbau Gmbh FIXING DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL COLLECTORS
EP1317030A2 (en) * 2001-11-28 2003-06-04 Stemmann-Technik GmbH Slip ring transmitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2715005A1 (en) 1995-07-13
DE69414687T2 (en) 1999-06-10
DE69414687D1 (en) 1998-12-24
EP0662736A1 (en) 1995-07-12
FR2715005B1 (en) 1996-03-22

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