EP0659228B2

EP0659228B2 - A window, a door or the like and in particular a slide mounting provided for same

Info

Publication number: EP0659228B2
Application number: EP93919786A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Berthold Blomqvist
Original assignee: Teknoskand Invent AB
Current assignee: Teknoskand Invent AB
Priority date: 1992-09-07
Filing date: 1993-09-06
Publication date: 2005-07-20
Anticipated expiration: 2013-09-06
Also published as: EP0659228A1; DK0659228T4; DK0659228T3; NO950837L; SE9202552D0; NO950837D0; DE69327790D1; EP0659228B1; WO1994005881A1; SE9202552L; NO306824B1

Abstract

In a window (1) a frame (2) is pivotably inserted in a casement (3) by means of swinging armatures, the side pieces (47) of the casement being provided with longitudinal grooves (25) in order to guide sliding armatures (15), which belong to sliding arms (24) and are positioned at the top of the side pieces (4) of the frame and designed to retain this frame end in the casement, when the frame is swung e.g. 180 . In accordance with the invention the sliding armature (15) is provided with a locking shoulder (36), which, when the frame is closed, protrudes above the frame roughly parallel to said groove and is designed to, in the closing phase, mesh with a recess (40) in the upper piece of the casement and be pressed against its wall (49), turned away from the groove (25), in order to partly form a burglary protection and partly provide an extra sealing effect for this part of the frame against the corresponding casement part. The fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) of the sliding armature is by a bending parallel-displaced in relation to the main part (23) of the arm, which allows a swinging of mainly only said main part with its thickness in the respective gap (51) between the casement and the frame.

Description

The present invention relates to a window, a door or the like in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

The object of slider fixtures is to position e.g. a window frame in relation to a surrounding casement, when the frame is being turned away by means of swinging armatues, which allow the frame to swing 180° in order to be able to wash, clean and paint windows. The term "position" means, that the end of the window frame, which is provided with existing armatures, is allowed to slide along the casement without being allowed to leave the same, while the other end of the window frame is swung around. A window according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from GB-A-2 247 914.

Slider fixtures for individual mounting independently of the swinging armatures are already known per se through e.g. US-A-3 721 044 and US-A-4 158 933. The drawback of such fixtures is that they are complicated and weak. They require several working moments to be manufactured as well as to be fastened in a frame. Partly they require a special machining of the casement in order to make guide and/or compensation grooves for swelling. Also, unfavorable forces may arise, why angular loads and leverage may disturb and possibly damage the fastening. The fixtures often jeopardize a satisfactory and lasting sealing of e.g. a frame against the surrounding casement, particularly within that portion of the frame, which is provided with the slider fixtures. Finally, these known fixtures do not provide any substanital burglary protection.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and suggest a slider fixture, which is superior in these respects and develops the background art in this field.

This object is attained according to the present invention by designing a window, a door or the like, of the type mentioned in the introduction mainly according to the characterizing clause of claim 1.

Additional features of and advantages of the invention will be explained in the following detailed description, reference being made to the enclosed drawings, which show a few preferred but not scope of protection-limiting embodiments. The drawings show in detail:

Fig. 1 a vertical sectional view of a casement with a window frame, which is inserted in the casement and provided with a swinging armature and a slider fixture;

Fig. 2 a partial enlargement of the view according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 a view which is similar to Fig. 2, the frame and the slider fixture being positioned in the final phase of the closing of the frame;

Fig. 4 various views of a slider fixture, which are similar to the views shown in Figs. 1-3;

Fig. 5 various embodiments of base parts, designed for slider fixtures;

Figs. 6-8 modified base parts of angular fixtures; and

Fig. 9 a sectional view along line IX-IX i Fig. 2.

The object according to Fig. 1 is designated 1 in its entirety. It particularly is a window, which is rotatable 180° about a horizontal spindle, but it can also be a door. The mounting can of course be such, that the rotation is done about a vertical spindle.

In Fig. 1 a frame 2 is shown and a casement 3, which surrounds the frame. The frame is provided in its lower part in its side pieces 4 with a locking device 5, e.g. an espagnolet device, which includes a handle (not shown) on the inner side of the lower piece of the frame. The casement is provided with a raised portion 6 on all sides, which is directed towards the center of the casement, with a stop edge 7, which faces and is designed for the frame, along which stop edge weather strips 51, known per se, can be fastened.

Also, in Fig. 1 a swinging armature 8 is shown, known per se, which comprises an array of bars, three of which 9, 10 and 11 are visible. On the outer side of the large exterior bar, which actually is a sectional iron, at its lower portion a pivot 12 is mounted, which constitutes the axis of rotation for the frame. Such armatures 8 are mirror-symmetrically mounted, one on the inner side of each casement side piece 47. These armatures are introduced on pivots 12 in bearing holes (not shown) in side pieces 4 of the frame and allow the rotation of the frame with as much as 180° in relation to the casement, the armatures being expanded in a scissor-like way, allowing the frame with all its parts, except the one which is positioned uppermost in the closing position, to be removed from the casement in order to, when the rotation has been completed, contact, with its lower portion, the upper casement portion. The armatures are introduced in recesses 13 in casement side pieces 47. In Fig.1 slider fixtures 15 according to the invention are introduced in the upper ends of frame side pieces 4, suitably in shape-complementary recesses 14. These slider fixtures are mounted mutually mirror-symmetrically in relation to the frame and comprise a preferably circular base plate 16 which, however, is cut in its upper portion in a chord-like way and suitably is positioned with its chord side 17 in the same plane as upper side 18 of the uppermost piece. Recesses 14 can be made in a simple and quick fashion in one work operation, namely by providing side pieces 4 before the assemblying of the frame or the finished frame with cuts.

The base plates are close to their periphery provided with holes 19, e.g. three counterbored holes, which e.g. can be positioned at the same mutual angular distance and at the same distance from the center and recieve fastening screws 20 provided with recessed heads, by means of which fastening screws the slider fixtures are firmly and most durably fastened in the frame. The outer side of the slider fixtures can coincide with the outer side of the side pieces, but they suitably are positioned slightly recessed in the same. The advantage of such a design will be explained in the following text.

A swinging arm 22 is pivotally fastened centrally in each base plate by means of a spindle 21 and is positioned in a plane-parallel way on the outside of the base plate with its plate-like head portion 23 and protrudes laterally slightly outside the same and is in this area bent 90° and forms a comparatively short slider body 24, which is guided in a groove 25 in the casement side pieces, which groove runs parallel to raised portions 6.

Fastening end 26 of swinging arms 22 is suitably slightly displaced in parallel, e.g. 1-2 mm, in relation to head portion 23, which is easy to accomplish by means of percussion forming or the like. Thus, a roughly round end is formed, which centrally is provided with a bearing hole 27, through which said spindle 21 is introduced, which suitably is a rivet, provided in the end, which abuts from the outside fastening end 26, with a head 28, which is comparatively wide, e.g. about 10 mm, and may have a thickness of 1-2 mm. The other end of spindle 21 is introduced through a bearing hole 29 in the base plate, which on its rear side is counter-bored or widened at 30. Within this area the spindle is upset by means of a device, e.g. a drift or a punch, after the insertion, this spindle portion expanding and filling counterbore 30 with a head 50 in order to securely fasten the spindle and then also keep together the base plate, the spindle and the swinging arm. The spindle suitably is stationary in relation to the base plate and the main portion of the swinging arm is, thanks to said parallel displacement, displaced from the base plate with up to 1-2 mm, which means that only the round ring- or plate-shaped fastening end 26 rotates in relation to the base-plate and the spindle as well as the head and consequently results in a very limited friction. A squeezing or pronounced friction is practically impossible. Said parallel displacement also has the advantage of in this way compensating tolerances for recesses 14 and also for swelling and shrinkage respectively of frame and casement wood. At the same time it is possible to make head 28 abut in a level way against the fastening end, i.e. without any type of counterboring or other weakening but nevertheless make the free main surface of the head be positioned in the same plane as or possibly slightly below the level of the surface of the head portion which is remote from the base plate. In this way it is possible to avoid providing an extra groove for the movements of the head in or along the casement side pieces. It is actually in this connection also at least partially a matter of a compensation space without any direct guide effect, since one rather ought to consider the swelling and shrinkage susceptibility of the wood and create so called airing gaps to air away possible moisture within the area. Thus, pressure equalizing or so called turbulence grooves can be designed in order to fully serve their usual purpose.

However, swinging arm 22 is to be guided and it suitably comprises two lugs 31, which are positioned within the same plane at a distance of a few millimeters from each other and which at their sides are provided with barbs 32. These lugs are introduced into a slider shoe 33, which suitably is made of a plastic material and comprises two boxes 34, against the side walls of which said barbs act, the pulling out of the shoe being obstructed or made impossible. The shoe has a recessed edge 35, which abuts the surface of main portion 23, which is turned away from the base plate, which means that the insertion end of the shoe is positioned in the same plane as the side of the main portion, which is turned towards the base plate.

However, chord 17 does not cut away the entire base plate side in question but leaves centrally a locking shoulder 36, which can have slightly converging short sides 37 and rounded corners 38. Also, the locking shoulder should suitably be parallel-displaced in relation to the base plate with a distance of e.g. 1-5 mm, preferably about 2 mm. Base line 39 for the displacement can have a distance of a few millimeters from chord side 17. The parallel-displacement of the shoulder can simply be done by means of a percussion press. It is turned away from the sliding arm and can also be designed to act as an element, which counteracts a rotation of the base plate, the area around the base line being supported by the upper side of the upper piece of the frame. A rotation force would press the shoulder portions around and above the base line towards said upper side. The bending, the curving or the parallel-displacement of the shoulder also have advantages as to the manufacturing, the sorting and the assemblying. Thus, the base plate can, thanks to such a design, which deviates from one single plane, be positioned more easily and in this way always be brought into the correct position.

Recess 14 is roughly so much deeper than the thickness of base plate 16 with what corresponds to the parallel-displacement of main portion 23 in relation to fastening end 26. In this way only a gap width 51 between the frame and the casement is needed, which mainly corresponds to the thickness of said main portion plus manufacturing tolerances and a consideration for swelling and shrinkage respektively of the frame as well as the casement. Despite the fact that head 28, in a way that is advantageous for the durability, can be made comparatively wide and thick, there is no need whatsoever, thanks to the fearures now described, for any grooves or other cavities to be provided for the head in the casement pieces, which is a clear improvement as compared to already known techniques.

The fixtures and the other portions according to the invention function in the following way: The fixtures are with their slider shoes inserted in the casement grooves, i.e. one at each side of the frame. The swinging arm occupies during all positions of the frame always a horizontal position or a position perpendicular to the casement side pieces and the grooves in the same. In this way the shoe slides along all the groove in question during the total movement of the frame and the base plate with the frame rotates in relation to the swinging arm. In Fig. 3 the end phase of the closing of the frame is shown. The sliding shoe and the swinging arm are thereby moved further upwards and simultaneously the base plate and the frame are swinging counter-clockwise and the locking shoulder starts being inserted into recess 40 in the upper piece of the casement. In the last step of this closing phase one of sides 37 contacts outwardly turned wall 49 of the recess and forces at the same time the frame to closely abut raised portion 6 of the casement and its weather strip if any or put in another way is this accomplished by using the swinging spindle of the frame of the swinging armature as a swinging center for the frame, when it is closed by e.g. turning the handle and pressing of the frame against the lower casement portion, said swinging spindle reacting and transferring the closing movement like a lever arm to the upper frame arm and finally to the locking shoulder, which in its turn acts to press the upper portion of the frame against the casement. Thus, it does not matter that the slider shoe is to be inserted in the sliding groove in the casement with a certain allowance in order to secure comparatively friction-free and easy frame movements or that there are allowances whatosever, which are completely evaded due to an interaction bewteen the locking shoulder of the slider fixture and the recess in the upper portion of the casement and other parts and movements according to the description above. Also, in this way an excellent security device in the frame against burglary is obtained. The locking shoulder and in this connection the fastening of the base plate in the frame and the fastening of the swinging arm in the casement result in a very substantial resistance against efforts to break the frame by means of e.g. a claw wrench or the like. At the same time such an extra security device in a window is normally completely invisible and also is not inconvenient in any other way. The locking shoulder and the matching casement recess utilizes in a very advantageous way the understanding that the frame during the final phase of the locking movement has a substantial vertical upwardly directed movement component.

In Fig. 5 various embodiments of base parts for a slider fixture are shown. Base part e corresponds to the base parts shown in Figs. 1-3. Base parts a-d, f and g include in the upper corners various recesses, bevels, holes and the like 41, which allow communication between not shown cavities, known per se, e.g. airing or so called turbulence and water drainage grooves and the like in the upper portion and the side pieces of the casement, partly a pressure equalizing and a continuous air circulation and partly a water drainage taking place. The embodiments according to Figs. 5a and c have recesses 41, designed as indent-like cuts, which also function as rotation protection, since edges and corners are formed, which when a rotational force is acting against the base part is effecting the frame wood in and around the recess for the fixture.

In Fig. 6 a conventional angular fixture 42 is shown, which is provided with holes 43 and cuts 44 for the insertion of screws (not shown). One of the holes is designed to correspond to bearing hole 29 and recess 30 and is designed to receive a spindle, a swinging arm etc., similar to those shown in Figs. 1-4 and described in that connection. The fixture is designed to be inserted in recesses, holes or the like at an upper frame corner, one of the holes receiving a swinging spindle with a swinging arm etc. (not shown) according to Figs. 1-4, whereas another hole, which is positioned in the fixture leg on the upper piece of the frame, receives a protruding screw, rivet or the like 45, around which a sleeve or the like 46 is mounted, which is fastened by a screw or rivet head and can be made of metal or plastic and suitably has a rounded free end. In this way a locking shoulder 36 is formed, which has functions, which correspond to the locking shoulder according to Figs. 1-5. The recess for this shoulder in the upper piece of the casement suitably is adapted as to shape. As an alternative the recess can have any shape, provided an interaction with one wall 49 of the recess is obtained according to Figs. 2 and 3 and the corresponding part of the description. Such a fixture is particularly suitable to replace conventional angular fixtures or to be placed in frames with existing recesses, holes or the like or in which the use of fixtures according to Figs. 1-5 is less desirable or for other reasons.

The fixture according to Fig. 7 is similar to the fixture according to Fig. 8, but locking shoulder 36 has been formed by a punching, cutting or the like 48 in the upper leg, preferably before this leg has been bent away from the vertical leg. This fixture design can be done in a simple and inexpensive way.

A corresponding way of thinking has served as guidance when the design according to Fig. 8 has been developed, in which shoulder 36 is an upwardly bent part at the free end of the upper horizontal leg, suitably with a small reduction of the leg width. In this instance a combination with the design according to Fig. 6 and/or 7 is possible. All the three last-mentioned designs can be combined with each other in an arbitrary way.

Claims

Window, door or the like (1) having a frame (2) including an upper piece, a lower piece and side pieces (4), which frame is pivotally displaceable between open and closed positions by means of swinging armatures (8) and is receivable in the closed position within a casement (3) comprising an upper member, a lower member and side members (47), each of which members includes an upstanding portion (6) defining a stop face (7), against which a corresponding face of the frame rests in the closed position, the frame (2) including an operating handle acting on a releasable locking device (5) provided on or adjacent the lower piece, said swinging armatures (8) comprising a system of interlinked bars (9,10,11) adapted to expand in a scissor-like manner, two such armatures (8) being mounted mirror-symmetrically on the casement, one on the inner side of each side member (47), such that one bar of each system of interlinked bars (9) carries said frame, an additional locking means (36) being provided on the upper piece of the frame to cooperate with a recess (40) in said upper member of said casement, characterized in that, in use the stop face (7) defined by the upstanding portion (6) of said casement members faces towards the inside of said casement, that the frame is mounted so as to pivot beyond the open position into a reversed position in which the outer surface of the frame faces towards the inside of the casement and is thus accessible from the inside for cleaning, that said side members (47) of said casement (3) are provided with longitudinal grooves (25) for guiding slider fixtures (15;42) mounted individually and independently of said swinging armatures (8) and mirror-symmetrically on the frame (2) at the upper ends of its side pieces (4), which slider fixtures (15;42) include pivotally mounted swinging arms (22) with slider bodies (24) guidingly received in said grooves (25) and adapted to retain the upper frame piece in the casement, when the frame is swung around 180° into its reversed position, and that said additional locking means (36) is provided on each slider fixture (15;42) as a protruding locking shoulder, so adapted as to be pressed, in use during the closing phase of the frame (2), against that wall (49) of said recess (40) further from the corresponding longitudinal groove (25) so as to provide, in addition to protection against burglary, an extra sealing effect for this portion of the frame against the corresponding casement portion through converting by leverage the closing movement to the locking shoulders (36) and thus to the upper frame piece for pressing the upper frame piece against the stop edge (7).
Window, door or the like according to claim 1, characterized in that said locking device (5) is mounted at the bottom of the side pieces (4) of the frame (2) and is an espagnolet-locking mechanism including said operating handle on the inner side of the lower piece of the frame (2), that sealing strips (52) are mounted along said stop edge (7), that the aforementioned one bar (9) of said swinging armature (8) carries a pivot (12) constituting a swinging spindle of the frame (2), that said pivots (12) are inserted in bearing holes in the side pieces (4) of the frame (2), allowing the frame (2) to be swung up to 180 ° in relation to the casement (3), that said swinging armatures (8) are inserted in recesses (13) in the side pieces (47) of the casement (3), and that the slider fixtures (15; 42) are inserted in shape-complementary recesses (14) in the upper ends of the side pieces (4) of the frame (2).
Window, door or the like according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said slider fixture (15; 42) having a base plate (16) fastened to the upper end of a side piece (4) of the window frame (2), said swinging arm (22) being mounted on the base plate (16) for pivotal rotation about an axis (21) perpendicular thereto, said swinging arm (22) extending radially of the base plate (16) and carrying width-wise at its distal end, at right angles thereto and directed away from the base plate (16), said slider body (24), said locking shoulder (36) protruding radially above the mounting plate (16), and projecting beyond an adjacent upper piece of the frame (2) such that when the window frame (2) is closed into its casement (3) the locking shoulder (36) can lockingly engage said recess (40), thereby providing positive location of the upper portion of the frame (2) in its casement (3).
Window, door or the like according to claim 3, characterized in that said base plate (16) is generally circular and is partly cut at its top portion in a chord-like way, the chord side (17) being provided to be positioned in the same plane as the upper side (18) of the upper piece of the frame (2), that the base plate (16), when it is circular, close to its periphery is provided with e.g. three counter-bored holes (19) right through, which are positioned with the same mutual angular distance from the center in order to receive fastening screws (20), particularly provided with recessed heads, by means of which fastening screws the slider fixtures (15; 42) are fastened in the frame (2), and in that the outer side of the base plate (16) preferably is designed to be positioned slightly recessed in the outer side of the side pieces (4) by using corresponding deep recesses (14) in the side pieces (4) of the frame (2).
Window, door or the like according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) of the slider fixture (15; 42) is bent, parallel-displaced or the like in relation to the main part (23) of the swinging arm (22), allowing the base part (16) of the slider fixture (15; 42) to be mounted deeper in said recess (14), designed for this purpose in the frame (2) and mainly only said main part (23) with its thickness to be swung in a gap (51) between the casement (3) and the frame (2).
Window, door or the like according to claim 5, characterized in that the fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) is slightly, e.g. 1 - 2 mm, parallel-displaced in relation to the main part (23), preferably forming an approximately round end, which centrally is provided with a bearing hole (27) through which as sai axis (21) a spindle is inserted, which suitably is a rivet, which is provided in the end, which abuts against the fastening end (26) from outside, with a head (28), which is comparatively, e.g. about 10 mm, wide and preferably has a thickness of 1 - 2 mm, the spindle with its other end is inserted through a bearing hole (29) in the base plate (16), which on its rear side is recessed or widened (at 30), within which area the spindle is bent by means of a device subsequent to the insertion, this spindle part expanding and filling the recess (30) with a head (50) in order to securely retain the spindle and thereby hold together the base plate (16), the spindle and the swinging arm (22), the spindle suitably being stationary in relation to the base plate (16) and the main part (23) of the swinging arm (22), thanks to said parallel-displacement being displaced from the base plate (16) with up to 1 - 2 mm, and in that the free main surface of the head (50) is positioned in the same plane as or slightly below the level of the surface of the main part (23) which faces the base plate (16).
Window, door or the like according to any of claims 3 - 6, characterized in that the swinging arm (22) comprises two lugs (31), which are mounted within the same plane at a distance of a few millimeters from each other, which lugs (31) at their sides are provided with barbs (32) and which are inserted in a slider shoe (33), which suitably is made of a plastic material and comprises two boxes (34), against the side walls of which said barbs (32) act, the pulling out of the shoe (33), being rendered difficult or impossible, and in that said shoe (33), preferably is provided with a recessed edge (35), which abuts against that surface of the main part (23), which faces the base plate (16), which means that the insertion end of the shoe (33) is positioned in the same plane as that side of the main part (23), which faces the base plate (16).
Window, door or the like according to any of claims 4 - 7, characterized in that said chord (7) does not cut along the entire side of the base plate (16) in question but leaves centrally said locking shoulder (36), which suitably is designed with slightly converging short sides (37) and rounded corners (38) and which suitably is parallel-displaced in relation to the base plate (16) with e.g. 1 - 5 mm, preferably about 2 mm, the base line (39) for the displacement preferably being displaced a few millimetres from the chord side (17) and the parallel-displacement being turned away from the swinging arm (22).
Window, door or the like according to any of claims 3 - 8, characterized in that the base plate (16) in its upper corners is provided with recesses, bevels, cuts, holes or the like (41), which allow communication between cavities, known per se, e.g. airing or turbulence and water drainage grooves, respectively, and the like in the upper piece of the casement (3) and its side pieces (47), partly a pressure balancing and a continuous air circulation and partly a water drainage being able to take place, and/or which recesses or the like (41), also function as rotation protection, forming edges and corners, which, when the base plate (16) is influenced by rotational loads, are designed to act on the frame wood in and around the recess (14) for the slider fixture (15; 42).
Window, door or the like according to any of claims 3 - 9, characterized in that said base plate (16) comprises an angular fixture (42), mainly already known per see, which is provided with holes (43) and/or cuts (44), designed for insertion or fastening screws, one of the holes (43) being designed as a bearing hole (29), e.g. with a recess (30) and designed to receive said spindle (21), and in that said swinging arm (22) with armatures (42) is designed to be inserted in recesses, holes or the like at an upper frame corner, another hole (43), which is positioned in the fitting leg of the upper piece of the frame (2), receiving an upwardly directed screw, rivet or the like (45), around which suitably a sleeve or the like (46) is mounted and fastened by the screw or rivet head and is made of metal or plastic and suitably has a rounded free end, designed as a locking shoulder (36), the recess (40) for this shoulder in the upper piece of the casement (3) suitably being shape-adapted, or that a locking shoulder (36) alternatively is formed by a punching, a cutting or the like (48) in the upper or horizontal leg, suitably before this leg has been bent from the lower or vertical leg, and/or that said shoulder (36) is an upwardly bent part at the free end of the upper horizontal leg, suitably with a certain leg width reduction.