EP0659228A1

EP0659228A1 - A window, a door or the like and in particular a slide mounting provided for same

Info

Publication number: EP0659228A1
Application number: EP93919786A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Berthold Blomqvist
Original assignee: Teknoskand Invent AB
Current assignee: Teknoskand Invent AB
Priority date: 1992-09-07
Filing date: 1993-09-06
Publication date: 1995-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2013-09-06
Also published as: DK0659228T4; DK0659228T3; NO950837L; SE9202552D0; NO950837D0; DE69327790D1; EP0659228B2; EP0659228B1; WO1994005881A1; SE9202552L; NO306824B1

Abstract

In a window (1) a frame (2) is pivotably inserted in a casement (3) by means of swinging armatures, the side pieces (47) of the casement being provided with longitudinal grooves (25) in order to guide sliding armatures (15), which belong to sliding arms (24) and are positioned at the top of the side pieces (4) of the frame and designed to retain this frame end in the casement, when the frame is swung e.g. 180°. In accordance with the invention the sliding armature (15) is provided with a locking shoulder (36), which, when the frame is closed, protrudes above the frame roughly parallel to said groove and is designed to, in the closing phase, mesh with a recess (40) in the upper piece of the casement and be pressed against its wall (49), turned away from the groove (25), in order to partly form a burglary protection and partly provide an extra sealing effect for this part of the frame against the corresponding casement part. The fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) of the sliding armature is by a bending parallel-displaced in relation to the main part (23) of the arm, which allows a swinging of mainly only said main part with its thickness in the respective gap (51) between the casement and the frame.

Description

A window, a door or the like and in particular a slide mounting provided for same.

The present invention relates to a window, a door or the like and particularly a sliding armature designed for the same in accordance with the preamble of patent claim 1.

The object of such sliding armatures is to position e.g. a window frame in relation to a surrounding casement, when the frame is being turned away by means of swinging arma- tues, which allow the frame to swing 180 in order to be able to wash, clean and paint windows. The term "position" means, that the end of the window frame, which is provided with existing armatures, is allowed to slide along the case¬ ment without being allowed to leave the same, while the other end of the window frame is swung around.

Such armatures are already known through e.g. US-A-3 721 044 and US-A-4 158 933. The drawback of such armatures is that they are complicated and weak. They require several working moments to be manufactured as well as to be faste¬ ned in a frame. Partly they require a special machining of the casement in order to make guide and/or compensation grooves for swelling. Also, unfavorable forces may arise, why angular loads and leverage may disturb and possibly da¬ mage the fastening. The armatures often jeopardize a sa¬ tisfactory and lasting sealing of e.g. a frame against the surrounding casement, particularly within that portion of the frame, which is provided with the sliding armatures. Finally, these known armatures do not provide any substan- ital burglary protection.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and suggest a sliding armature, which is superior in these respects and develops the back- ground art in this field.

This object is attained according to the present invention by designing a window, a door or the like and a sliding ar¬ mature respectively of the type mentioned in the introduc¬ tion mainly according to the characterizing clause of pa¬ tent claim 1.

Additional characterizing features of and advantages of the invention will be explained in the following detailed des¬ cription, reference being made to the enclosed drawings, which show a few preferred but not scope of protection- limiting embodiments. The drawings show in detail: Fig. 1 a vertical sectional view of a casement with a win¬ dow frame, which is inserted in the casement and provided with a swinging armature and a sliding armature according to the invention;

Fig. 2 a partial enlargement of the view according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 a view which is similar to Fig. 2, the frame and the sliding armature being positioned in the final phase of the closing of the frame;

Fig. 4 various views of a sliding armature according to the invention, which are similar to the views shown in Figs. 1-3;

Fig. 5 various embodiments of base parts, designed for sli¬ ding armatures according to the invention;

Figs. 6-8 modified base parts of angular armatures in accor¬ dance with the invention; and Fig. 9 a sectional view along line IX-IX i Fig. 2.

The object according to Fig. 1 is designated 1 in its enti¬ rety. It particularly is a window, which is rotatable 180 about a horizontal spindle, but it can also be a door. The mounting can of course be such, that the rotation is done about a vertical spindle. In Fig. 1 a frame 2 is shown and a casement 3, which sur¬ rounds the frame. The frame is provided in its lower part in its side pieces 4 with a locking device 5, e.g. an es- pagnolet device, which includes a handle (not shown) on the inner side of the lower piece of the frame. The casement is provided with a raised portion 6 on all sides, which is di¬ rected towards the center of the casement, with a stop edge 7, which face's and is designed for the frame, along which stop edge weather strips 51, known per se, can be fastened.

Also, in Fig. 1 a swinging armature 8 is shown, known per se, which comprises an array of bars, three of which 9, 10 and 11 are visible. On the outer side of the large exterior bar, which actually is a sectional iron, at its lower por¬ tion a pivot 12 is mounted, which constitutes the axis of rotation for the frame. Such armatures 8 are mirror-sym¬ metrically mounted, one on the inner side of each casement side piece 47. These armatures are introduced on pivots 12 in bearing holes (not shown) in side pieces 4 of the frame and allow the rotation of the frame with as much as 180 in relation to the casement, the armatures being expanded in a scissor-like way, allowing the frame with all its parts, except the one which is positioned uppermost in the closing position, to be removed from the casement in order to, when the rotation has been completed, contact, with its lower portion, the upper casement portion. The armatures are int¬ roduced in recesses 13 in casement side pieces 47. In Fig.1 sliding armatures 15 according to the invention are intro¬ duced in the upper ends of frame side pieces 4 , suitably in shape-complementary recesses 14. These sliding armatures are mounted mutually mirror-symmetrically in relation to the frame and comprise a preferably circular base plate 16, which however is cut in its upper portion in a chord-like way and suitably is positioned with its chord side 17 in the same plane as upper side 18 of the uppermost piece. Re¬ cesses 14 can be made in a simple and quick fashion in one work operation, namely by providing side pieces 4 before the assemblying of the frame or the finished frame with cuts.

The base plates are close to their periphery provided with holes 19, e.g. three counterbored holes, which e.g. can be positioned at the same mutual angular distance and at the same distance from the center and recieve fastening screws 20 provided with recessed heads, by means of which faste¬ ning screws the sliding armatures are firmly and most du¬ rably fastened in the frame. The outer side of the sliding armatures can coincide with the outer side of the side pie¬ ces, but they suitably are positioned slightly recessed in the same. The advantage of such a design will be explained in the following text.

A swinging arm 22 is pivotally fastened centrally in each base plate by means of a spindle 21 and is positioned in a plane-parallel way on the outside of the base plate with its plate-like head portion 23 and protrudes laterally slightly outside the same and is in this area bent 90 and forms a comparatively short sliding arm 24, which is guided in a groove 25 in the casement side pieces, which groove runs parallel to raised portions 6.

Fastening end 26 of swinging arms 22 is suitably slightly displaced in parallel, e.g. 1-2 mm, in relation to head por¬ tion 23, which is easy to accomplish by means of percussion forming or the like. Thus, a roughly round end is formed, which centrally is provided with a bearing hole 27, through which said spindle 21 is introduced, which suitably is a ri¬ vet, provided in the end, which abuts from the outside fas¬ tening end 26, with a head 28, which is comparatively wide, e.g. about 10 mm, and may have a thickness of 1-2 mm. The other end of spindle 21 is introduced through a bearing hole 29 in the base plate, which on its rear side is coun¬ terbored or widened at 30. Within this area the spindle is upset by means of a device, e.g. a drift or a punch, after the insertion, this spindle portion expanding and filling counterbore 30 with a head 50 in order to securely fasten the spindle and then also keep together the base plate, the spindle and the swinging arm. The spindle suitably is sta¬ tionary in relation to the base plate and the main portion of the swinging arm is, thanks to said parallel displace¬ ment, displaced from the base plate with up to 1-2 mm, which means that only the round ring- or plate-shaped fastening end 26 rotates in relation to the base-plate and the spindle as well as the head and consequently results in a very li¬ mited friction. A squeezing or pronounced friction is prac¬ tically impossible. Said parallel displacement also has the advantage of in this way compensating tolerances for reces¬ ses 14 and also for swelling and shrinkage respectively of frame and casement wood. At the same time it is possible to make head 28 abut in a level way against the fastening end, i.e. without any type of counterboring or other weakening but nevertheless make the free main surface of the head be positioned in the same plane as or possibly slightly below the level of the surface of the head portion which is re¬ mote from the base plate. In this way it is possible to avoid providing an extra groove for the movements of the head in or along the casement side pieces. It is actually in this connection also at least partially a matter of a compensation space without any direct guide effect, since one rather ought to consider the swelling and shrinkage susceptibility of the wood and create so called airing gaps to air away possible moisture within the area. Thus, pressure equalizing or so called turbulence grooves can be designed in order to fully serve their usual purpose.

However, sliding arm 24 is to be guided and it suitably comprises two lugs 31, which are positioned within the same plane at a distance of a few millimeters from each other and which at their sides are provided with barbs 32. These lugs are introduced into a sliding shoe 33, which suitably is made of a plastic material and comprises two boxes 34, against the side walls of which said barbs act, the pulling out of the shoe being obstructed or made impossible. The shoe has a recessed edge 35, which abuts the surface of main portion 23, which is turned away from the base plate, which means that the insertion end of the shoe is positioned in the same plane as the side of the main portion, which is turned towards the base plate.

However, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention chord 17 does not cut away the entire base plate side in question but leaves centrally a locking shoulder 36, which can have slightly converging short sides 37 and roun¬ ded corners 38. Also, the locking should suitably be paral¬ lel-displaced in relation to the base plate with a distance of e.g. 1-5 mm, preferably about 2 mm. Base line 39 for the displacement can have a distance of a few millimeters from chord side 17. The parallell—displacement of the shoulder can simply be done by means of a percussion press. It is turned away from the sliding arm and can also be designed to act as an element, which counteracts a rotation of the base plate, the area around the base line being supported by the upper side of the upper piece of the frame. A rota¬ tion force would press the shoulder portions around and above the base line towards said upper side. The bending, the curving or the parallel-displacement of the shoulder also have advantages as to the manufacturing, the sorting and the assemblying. Thus, the base plate can, thanks to such a design, which deviates from one single plane, be po¬ sitioned more easily and in this way always be brought in¬ to the correct position.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention recess 14 is roughly so much deeper than the thickness of base plate 16 with what corresponds to the parallel-dis¬ placement of main portion 23 i relation to fastening end 26. In this way only a gap width 51 between the frame and the casement is needed, which mainly corresponds to the thickness of said main portion plus manufacturing toleran¬ ces and a consideration for swelling and shrinkage respek- tively of the frame as well as the casement. Despite the fact that head 28, in a way that is advantageous for the durability, can be made comparatively wide and thick, there is no need whatsoever, thanks to the characterizing fea- rures now described, for any grooves or other cavities to be provided for the head in the casement pieces, which is a clear improvement as compared to already known techniques.

The armatures and the other portions according to the in¬ vention function in the following way: The armatures are with their sliding shoes inserted in the casement grooves, i.e. one at each side of the frame. The swinging arm occu¬ pies during all positions of the frame always a horizontal position or a position perpendicular to the casement side pieces and the grooves in the same. In this way the shoe slides along all the groove in question during the total movement of the frame and the base plate with the frame ro¬ tates in relation to the swinging arm. In Fig. 3 the end phase of the closing of the frame is shown. The sliding shoe and the swinging arm are thereby moved further upwards and simultaneously the base plate and the frame are swinging counter-clockwise and the locking shoulder starts being in¬ serted into recess 40 in the upper piece of the casement. In the last step of this closing phase one of sides 37 con¬ tacts outwardly turned wall 49 of the recess and forces at the same time the frame to closely abut raised portion 6 of the casement and its weather list if any or put in another way is this accomplished by using the swinging spindle of the frame of the swinging armature as a swinging center for the frame, when it is closed by e.g. turning the handle and pressing of the frame against the lower casement por¬ tion, said swinging spindle reacting and transferring the closing movement like a lever arm to the upper frame arm and finally to the locking shoulder, which in its turn acts to press the upper portion of the frame against the case¬ ment. Thus, it does not matter that the sliding shoe is to be inserted in the sliding groove in the casement with a cer¬ tain allowance in order to secure comparatively friction- free and easy frame movements or that there are allowances whatosever, which are completely evaded due to an interac¬ tion bewteen the locking shoulder of the sliding armature and the recess in the upper portion of the casement and other parts and movements according to the description above. Also, in this way an excellent security device in the frame against burglary is obtained. The locking shoulder and in this connection the fastening of the base plate in the frame and the fastening of the swinging arm in the casement re¬ sult in a very substantial resistance against efforts to break the frame by means of e.g. a claw wrench or the like. At the same time such an extra security device in a window is normally completely invisible and also is not inconve¬ nient in any other way. The locking shoulder and the match¬ ing casement recess utilizes in a very advantageous way the understanding that the frame during the final phase of the locking movement has a substantial vertical upwardly direc¬ ted movement component.

In Fig. 5 various embodiments of base parts for an armature according to the invention are shown. Base part i corre¬ sponds to the base parts shown in Figs. 1-3. Base parts a-h and k as well as 1-n include in the upper corners various recesses, bevels, holes and the like 41, which allow commu¬ nication between not shown cavities, known per se, e.g. air¬ ing or so called turbulence and water drainage grooves and the like in the upper portion and the side pieces of the casement, partly a pressure equalizing and a continuous air circulation and partly a water drainage taking place. The embodiments according to Figs. 5a, c, e and g have recesses 41, designed as indent-like cuts, which also function as rotation protection, since edges and corners are formed, which when a rotational force is acting against the base part is effecting the frame wood in and around the recess for the armature.

In Fig. 6 a conventional angular armature 42 is shown, which is provided with holes 43 och cuts 44 for the insertion of screws (not shown) . One of the holes is designed to corre¬ spond to bearing hole 29 and recess 30 and is designed to receive a spindle, a swinging arm etc., similar to those shown in Figs. 1-4 and described in that connection. The armature is designed to be inserted in recesses, holes or the like at an upper frame corner, one of the holes recei¬ ving a swinging spindle with a swinging arm etc. (not shown) according to Figs. 1-4, whereas another hole, which is po¬ sitioned in the armature leg on the upper piece of the frame, receives a protruding screw, rivet or the like 45, around which a sleeve or the like 46 is mounted, which is fastened by a screw or rivet head and can be made of metal or plastic and suitably has a rounded free end. In this way a locking shoulder 36 is formed, which has functions, which correspond to the locking shoulder according to Figs. 1-5. The recess for this shoulder in the upper piece of the case¬ ment suitably is adapted as to shape. As an alternative the recess can have any shape, provided an interaction with one wall 49 of the recess is obtained according to Figs. 2 and 3 and the corresponding part of the description. Such an armature is particularly suitable to replace conventional angular armatures or to be placed in frames with existing recesses, holes or the like or in which the use of arma¬ tures according to Figs. 1-5 is less desirable or for other reasons.

The armature according to Fig. 7 is similar to the arma¬ ture according to Fig. 8, but locking shoulder 36 has been formed by a punching, cutting or the like 48 in the upper leg, preferably before this leg has been bent away from the vertical leg. This armature design can be done in a simple and inexpensive way.

A corresponding way of thinking has served as guidance when the design according to Fig. 8 has been developed, in which shoulder 36 is an upwardly bent part at the free end of the upper horizontal leg, suitably with a small reduction of the leg width. In this instance a combination with the de¬ sign according to Fig. 6 and/or 7 is possible. All the three last-mentioned designs can be combined with each other in an arbitrary way. It is indeed possible to use arbitrary com¬ binations of parts or complete entities of all the arma¬ ture designs.

Claims

CLAIMS :

1. Window, door or the like (1) having a frame (2) , which by means of swinging armatures (8) is pivotingly inserted in a casement (3) , the side pieces (47) of which are pro¬ vided with longitudinal grooves (25) for guiding sliding armatures, which belong to sliding arms (24) and are moun¬ ted at the top of the side pieces (4) of the frame and de¬ signed to retain this frame end in the casement, when the frame is turned around with e.g. 180 , c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that the sliding armature is provided with a locking shoulder (36) , which protrudes, when the frame is closed, above the frame roughly parallel to said groove, which locking shoulder is designed, in the closing phase, to mesh with a recess (40) in the upper piece of the casement and be pressed against its wall (49) , which is turned away from the groove (25) in order to part¬ ly form a burglary protection and partly provide an extra sealing effect for this part of the frame against the cor¬ responding casement part and/or in that the fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) of the sliding armature is bent, parallel-displaced or the like in relation to the main part (23) of the arm, allowing the base part (16) of the sliding armature to be mounted deeper in a recess (15) , designed for this purpose, in the frame (2) and mainly on¬ ly said main part with its thickness to be swung in a gap (51) between the casement and the frame.

2. Window or the like according to claim 1, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the frame (2) , in a way known per se, is provided with a locking device (5) , which is mounted at the bottom of the side pieces (4) of the frame and is a es- pagnolet-locking device, which includes a handle on the in¬ ner side of the lower piece of the frame, in that the case¬ ment (3) is provided with a raised portion (6) , which runs on all sides and is turned towards the center of the case¬ ment and has a stop edge (7) , which faces the frame and is designed for the frame, along which stop edge preferably sealing strips (52) are mounted, in that the swinging arma¬ ture (8) comprises a system of bars (9,10 and 11) , on the outer side and at the bottom of one to this system belong¬ ing and along the entire height of the swinging armature stretching iron section (9) a pivot (12) being mounted, which constitutes the swinging spindle of the frame, in that two swinging armatures (8) are mounted in a mirror-symmetrical way, one on the inner side of each side piece (47) of the casement, in _.that said armatures with pivots (12) are in¬ serted in bearing holes in the side pieces (4) of the frame, allowing the frame to be swung up to 180 in relation to the casement, the armatures being designed to expand in a scissor-like way, the frame with all its parts, except the one in the upper part in the closing position, being able to be removed from the casement in order to, when the swing¬ ing is completed, abut with its lower part against the up¬ per casement part, in that swinging armatures are inserted in recesses (13) in the side pieces (47) of the casement and in that the sliding armatures (15) are inserted in the upper ends of the side pieces (4) of the frame, suitably in shape- complementary recesses (14) , which sliding armatures are mutually mounted in a mirror-symmetrical way in rela¬ tion to the frame.

3. Sliding armature according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that the sliding armature is provided with a preferably circular base plate (16) , which however when it is circular completely or partly is cut at its top portion in a chord-like way, the chord side (17) suitably being positioned in the same plane as the upper side (18) of the upper piece of the frame, in that the base plate when it is circular close to its periphery is provided with e.g. three counter-bored holes (19) right through, which are po¬ sitioned with the same mutual angular distance from the cen¬ ter in order to receive fastening screws (20) , particular¬ ly provided with recessed heads, by means of which fastening screws the sliding armatures are fastened in the frame, and in that the outer side of the base plate preferably is de¬ signed to be positioned slightly recessed in the outer side of the side pieces by using corresponding deep recesses (14) in the side pieces (4) of the frame.

4. Sliding armature according to claim 3, c h a r a c t e ¬ r i z e d in that centrally in each base plate a swinging arm (22) by means of a spindle (21) is pivotally fastened, which swinging arm is positioned in a plane-parallel way outside the base plate with its plate-like main part (23) and protrudes laterally a small distance outside the base plate to be perpendicularly bent in this area and form a short sliding arm (24) , which is guided in a groove (25) in the side pieces of the casement, which groove runs paral¬ lel to said raised portions (6) .

5. Sliding armature according to claim 4, c h a r a c t e ¬ r i z e d in that the fastening end (26) of the swinging arm (22) is slightly, e.g. 1-2 mm, parallel-displaced in relation to the main part (23) , preferably forming an app¬ roximately round end, which centrally is provided with a bearing hole (27) , through which said spindle (21) is in¬ serted, which suitably is a rivet, which is provided in the end, which abuts against the fastening end (26) from outside, with a head (28) , which is comparatively, e.g. about 10 mm, wide and preferably has a thickness of 1-2 mm, the spindle (21) with its other end is inserted through a bearing hole (29) in the base plate, which on its rear side is recessed or widened at (30) , within which area the spindle is bent by means of a device subsequent to the in¬ sertion, this spindle part expanding and filling the recess (30) with a head (50) in order to securely retain the spindle and thereby hold together the base plate, the spindle and the swinging arm, the spindle suitably being stationary in relation to the base plate and the main part of the swinging arm, thanks to said parallel-displacement being displaced from the base plate with up to 1-2 mm, and in that the free main surface of the head is positioned in the same plane as or slightly below the level of the surface of the main part, which faces the base plate.

6. Sliding armature according to any of claims 3-5, c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that the sliding arm (24) compri¬ ses two lugs (31) , which are mounted within the same plane at a distance of a few millimeters from each other, which lugs at their sides are provided with barbs (32) and which are inserted in a sliding shoe (33), which suitably is made of a plastic material and comprises two boxes (34) , against the side walls of which said barbs act, the pulling out of the shoe being rendered difficult or impossible, and in that said shoe preferably is provided with a recessed edge, (35) , which abuts against that surface of the main part (23) , which faces the base plate, which means that the in¬ sertion end of the shoe is positioned in the same plane as that side of the main part, which faces the base plate.

V

7. Sliding armature according to any of claims 3-6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that said chord (7) does not cut along the entire side of the base plate in question but leaves centrally a locking shoulder (36) , which suitably is designed with slightly converging short sides (37) and rounded corners (38) and which suitably is parallel-dis¬ placed in relation to the base plate with e.g. 1-5 mm, pre¬ ferably about 2 mm, the base line (39) for the displacement preferably being displaced a few millimeters from the chord side (17) and the parallel-displacement being turned away from the sliding arm.

8. Sliding armature according to any of claims 3-6, c a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that the base plate (16) in its up¬ per corners is provided with recesses, bevels, cuts, holes or the like (41) , which allow communication between cavi¬ ties, known per se, e.g. airing or turbulence and water drainage grooves respectively and the like in the upper piece of the casement and its side pieces, partly a pressure ba¬ lancing and a continuous air circulation and partly a water drainage being able to take place, and/or which recesses or the like (41) , also function as rotation protection, for¬ ming edges and corners, which, when the base plate is influ¬ enced by rotational loads, are designed to act on the frame wood in and around the recess for the armature.

9. Sliding armature according to any of claims 3-8, c h a ¬ r a c t e r i z e d in that said base plate (16) comprises an angular armature (42) , mainly already known per se, which is provided with holes (43) and/or cuts (44) , designed for insertion of fastening screws, one of the holes (43) being designed as a bearing hole (29) , e.g. with a recess (30) and designed to receive a spindle (21) , and in that a swing¬ ing arm (22) with armatures (42) is designed to be inserted in recesses, holes or the like at an upper frame corner, another hole (43) ,which is positioned in the armature leg of the upper piece of the frame, receiving an upwardly di¬ rected screw, rivet or the like (45) , around which suitably a sleeve or the like (46) is mounted and fastened by the screw or rivet head and is made of metal or plastic and suitably has a rounded free end, designed as a locking shoulder (36) , the recess for this shoulder in the upper piece of the casement suitably being shape-adapted.

10. Sliding armature according to claim 9, c h a r a c ¬ t e r i z e d in that a locking shoulder (36) alternative¬ ly is formed by a punching, a cutting or the like (48) in the upper or horizontal leg, suitably before this leg has been bent from the lower or vertical leg, and/or in that said shoulder (36) is an upwardly bent part at the free end of the upper horizontal leg, suitably with a certain leg width reduction.