EP0655880B1 - Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0655880B1 EP0655880B1 EP94117877A EP94117877A EP0655880B1 EP 0655880 B1 EP0655880 B1 EP 0655880B1 EP 94117877 A EP94117877 A EP 94117877A EP 94117877 A EP94117877 A EP 94117877A EP 0655880 B1 EP0655880 B1 EP 0655880B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- low
- lamp
- circuit arrangement
- voltage
- operating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910005580 NiCd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source according to the preamble of the protection claim 1.
- Circuit arrangements of this type are supplied by a battery in commercially available devices Luminaires that are equipped with a low-pressure discharge lamp are used. These lights are, for example, hand lights or Interior lights for campers and caravans.
- the circuit arrangements work on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter, which is powered by the battery receives a few volts and this to the ignition or operating voltage the low-pressure discharge lamp.
- the principle of operation a single-ended flyback converter is e.g. in the book "Schaltnetzmaschine" by W. Hirschmann / A. Hauenstein, ed. Siemens AG, edition 1990, described on pages 45-46.
- a circuit arrangement based on this principle for operating a Low pressure discharge lamp is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,973,885.
- a disadvantage of this circuit arrangement is that the high-frequency alternating current due to the heatable lamp electrode, insufficient electrode preheating guaranteed. It has been shown that with insufficient preheating the heatable Lamp electrode the lamp end tends to blacken and after a certain Operating time has a reduced brightness. It also causes the feedback winding effective heating of the electrode filaments in the variable lamp Operating currents that cause the lamp to operate erratically.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention has two diodes, one of which first diode with a connection of the lamp ignition voltage or the lamp operating voltage generating secondary winding of the transformer and with a first lamp electrode is connected, while the second diode on the one hand with the other connection of the secondary winding and with the primary winding of the transformer and on the other hand connected to the second, heatable lamp electrode is.
- the second diode ensures that the heatable lamp electrode during the Blocking phase of the flyback transistor from the primary winding of the transformer is heated with DC pulses, with premature ignition of the lamp due to the higher damping of the secondary voltage at the beginning of the electrode heating phase is prevented.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention advantageously contains an additional one Capacitor between the unheated lamp electrode and the positive pole of the Voltage source or the input capacitor or parallel to the first diode is switched.
- This capacitor smoothes the DC voltage pulses and thus improves the operating behavior, especially the ignition, of the Low pressure discharge lamp. After the lamp has ignited, it goes into the heatable Lamp electrode converted heating power back to a low value.
- With the Circuit arrangement according to the invention can also ignite the lamp low temperatures are guaranteed.
- the circuit arrangement according to the first embodiment is for operation a hand lamp, which is equipped with a U-shaped fluorescent lamp. It works on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter and contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core. A battery or a serves as voltage source Accumulator. In parallel with the voltage source is an electrolytic capacitor C1 with a comparatively high capacity switched. This input capacitor C1 charges on the battery voltage and prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation, i.e. that the lamp brightness drops too much with increasing discharge of the battery ..
- the positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the beginning of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer as well as with the electrode E2 and with the capacitor C4 connected.
- the winding end of the primary winding N1 is to the collector connection of the switching transistor T, while the emitter connection of the transistor T to the negative pole of the input capacitor C1 or the voltage source connected.
- the base connection of the transistor T is via a low pass R1, C2 and via an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 to the start of the winding second secondary winding N3 of the transformer. Parallel to the adjustable Resistor R2 is connected to a capacitor C3.
- the low-pass capacitor C2 lies parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T.
- a capacitor C5 Parallel to the collector-emitter path of transistor T, a capacitor C5 is arranged, which has the flashback voltage and reduces the power loss that occurs.
- the winding start of the Secondary winding N2 of the transformer is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor T and connected to the winding end of the primary winding N1 while the winding end of the secondary winding N2 via the diode D1 and the short-circuited Electrode filament E1 of the fluorescent lamp L and via a smoothing capacitor C4 is led to the positive pole of the voltage source.
- the winding end the primary winding N1 is via a second diode D2 and via second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L also with the positive pole of the voltage source connected.
- the second Electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be used with a heating current be charged.
- a switch S is integrated in the circuit arrangement, with which the circuit is switched on or off.
- This circuit arrangement works on the principle of operation of the single-ended flyback converter.
- the transformer stores on the primary side Energy that it receives in the blocking phase via the secondary winding N2 Lamp L emits.
- the switching transistor T becomes the primary winding by means of the second one N1 feedback controlled secondary winding N3. Both secondary windings N2, N3 work in opposite directions to the primary winding N1.
- N2 When transistor T is turned off, N2 is also in the first secondary winding an induction voltage, which causes the ignition required for the lamp L or operating voltage generated.
- the diode D1 and the low resistance of the still cold lamp electrode E2 prevent the lamp L from igniting immediately.
- the electrode heating phase extends over several switching cycles of the Transistor T and takes about 0.25 sec.
- the switching frequency of transistor T is above 20 KHz.
- the lamp L After the lamp L has been ignited, only the much smaller one is left with it Operating voltage of approx. 110 volts. Since the flyback converter the lamp L only during supplied the blocking phase of the transistor T, the lamp L is supposed to be operated unipolar DC pulses.
- the diode D1 has a certain one Blocking delay, which allows a brief current flow even in the blocking direction, so that a high-frequency alternating current flows through the lamp L.
- a sufficient high heating current flows through the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L only during the blocking phase of the transistor T and only before the lamp is ignited.
- the capacitor C4 serves to smooth the ignition voltage and allows a better one Ignite the fluorescent lamp.
- the base control of the switching transistor T includes the feedback winding N3 of the transformer has an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 with a capacitor C3 connected in parallel and a low-pass filter that results from the ohmic Resistor R1 and capacitor C2 exist.
- the low pass filters high frequencies Shares out of the base input signal of transistor T.
- the lamp L is here with an electrical Power of approx.2.5 watts operated and powered by a 5 volt power source.
- the switching frequency of the transistor T is approximately 55 KHz.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first Embodiment only through the capacitor C4 ', which instead of the capacitor C4 used and connected in parallel to the first diode Dl. All other details as well as the functional principle correspond to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
- This circuit arrangement essentially corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment. Identical components therefore have the same reference numerals in FIG. 3 as the corresponding components in Figure 1. However, it also contains an infinitely adjustable dimming resistor that dimmers the fluorescent lamp allowed and a charging socket that recharges the serving as a voltage source Accumulator enables. With the help of the dimming resistor, the duty cycle of the switching transistor and thus the electrical power supplied to the lamp be regulated.
- This circuit arrangement according to the third embodiment contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core.
- Four NiCd battery cells serve as voltage source, which provide a voltage of approx. 5V.
- an electrolytic capacitor C1 is switched with a comparatively high capacitance. This input capacitor C1 prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation.
- the positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the end of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the beginning of the winding of the second secondary winding or feedback winding N3 of the transformer and with the Electrode E2 and connected to a capacitor C4.
- the winding start of the Primary winding N1 is led to the collector terminal of the switching transistor T.
- the base connection of the transistor T is via a low-pass filter R1, C2 and an adjustable one ohmic resistor R2 and a variable dimming resistor R3 led to the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer.
- the low-pass capacitor C2 is parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T.
- a Capacitor C5 is arranged, the the flashback voltage and the power loss that occurs decreased.
- the winding end of the secondary winding N2 of the transformer is with the collector terminal of the transistor T and with the start of the winding connected to the primary winding N1 during the beginning of the winding of the secondary winding N2 via a diode D1 and the short-circuited electrode coil El of the fluorescent lamp L and via the smoothing capacitor C4 to the positive pole Voltage source is guided.
- the winding start of the primary winding N1 is over a second diode D2 and via the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L.
- the second electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be supplied with a heating current.
- a switch S is between the positive pole of the The voltage source and the positive pole of the input capacitor C1 in integrated the circuit arrangement with which the circuit is switched on or off becomes.
- the circuit arrangement contains a charging socket B, which is a recharge of the Accumulator allowed.
- the connection 1 of the charging socket B is via a diode D3 and an ohmic resistor R4 with the positive pole of the voltage source and via one LED D4 and an ohmic resistor R5 with the negative pole of the Input capacitor C1 connected.
- the connection 2 of the charging socket B is to the Emitter terminal of the transistor T connected, while the terminal 3 of the Charging socket B to the negative pole of the voltage source and to the negative pole of the input capacitor C1 is performed.
- connections 2 and 3 of the charging socket B electrically connected to each other, so that the emitter of the Transistor T is present at the negative pole of the voltage source.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
- Dimensioning of the circuit arrangement according to the first and second exemplary embodiments Ferrite transformer EF16 N1, N3 25 windings N2 420 windings R1 47 ⁇ R2 1 K ⁇ C1 100 ⁇ C2, C5 10 nF C3 22 nF C4, C4 ' 100 pF T D882-Y D1, D2 1N1937
- Dimensioning of the circuit arrangement according to the third embodiment Ferrite transformer EF16 N1, N3 25 windings N2 420 windings R1 47 ⁇ R2 560 ⁇ R3 1 K ⁇ R4 47 ⁇ ; 0.8W R5 470 ⁇ C1 100 ⁇ ; 10 V C2, C5 10 nF C3 22 nF C4 150 pF; 1 KV T D882-Y D1, D2 1N1937 D3 1
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
- Figur 2
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
- Figur 3
- ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
Dimensionierung der Schaltungsanordnung gemäß des ersten und zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels | |
Ferrit-Transformator | EF16 |
N1, N3 | 25 Wicklungen |
N2 | 420 Wicklungen |
R1 | 47 Ω |
R2 | 1 KΩ |
C1 | 100 µ |
C2, C5 | 10 nF |
C3 | 22 nF |
C4, C4' | 100 pF |
T | D882-Y |
D1, D2 | 1N1937 |
Dimensionierung der Schaltungsanordnung gemäß des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels | |
Ferrit-Transformator | EF16 |
N1, N3 | 25 Wicklungen |
N2 | 420 Wicklungen |
R1 | 47 Ω |
R2 | 560 Ω |
R3 | 1 KΩ |
R4 | 47 Ω; 0,8W |
R5 | 470 Ω |
C1 | 100 µ; 10 V |
C2, C5 | 10 nF |
C3 | 22 nF |
C4 | 150 pF; 1 KV |
T | D882-Y |
D1, D2 | 1N1937 |
D3 | 1N4001 |
D4 | LED, rot |
Claims (7)
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle, wobei die Schaltungsanordnung als Eintakt-Sperrwandler ausgebildet ist, der einen Transistor (T) und einen Transformator besitzt, wobei die Primärwicklung (N1) des Transformators in Reihe zur Schaltstrecke des Transistors (T) geschaltet ist, und wobei der Transformator eine Sekundärwicklung (N2) für die Zünd- bzw. für die Betriebsspannung der Lampe (L) sowie eine Rückkopplungswicklung (N3) zur Ansteuerung der Steuerelektrode des Transistors (T) aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Anschluß der Sekundärwicklung (N2) des Transformators über eine erste Diode (D1) mit einer ersten Lampenelektrode (E1) verbunden ist, der andere Anschluß der Sekundärwicklung (N2) mit der Primärwicklung (N1) und über eine zweite Diode (D2) mit der zweiten, heizbaren Lampenelektrode (E2) verbunden ist. - Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung einen Kondensator (C4) enthält, der die erste Lampenelektrode (E1) mit der zweiten Lampenelektrode (E2) verbindet.
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung einen Kondensator (C4') besitzt, der parallel zur ersten Diode (D1) geschaltet ist.
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung einen variablen Dimmwiderstand (R3) enthält, der ein Dimmen der Lampe (L) ermöglicht.
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dimmwiderstand (R3) mit der Rückkopplungswicklung (N3) und über weitere Widerstände (R1, R2) mit der Steuerelektrode des Transistors (T) verbunden ist.
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle aus einem Akkumulator besteht und die Schaltungsanordnung eine Ladebuchse (B) enthält, die ein Nachladen des Akkumulators erlaubt.
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Lampenelektroden vor dem Zünden der Lampe mit einem Heizstrom beaufschlagt werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE9318071U DE9318071U1 (de) | 1993-11-25 | 1993-11-25 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle |
DE9318071U | 1993-11-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0655880A1 EP0655880A1 (de) | 1995-05-31 |
EP0655880B1 true EP0655880B1 (de) | 1998-07-01 |
Family
ID=6901159
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94117877A Expired - Lifetime EP0655880B1 (de) | 1993-11-25 | 1994-11-11 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5461286A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0655880B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3010988U (de) |
CA (1) | CA2135549C (de) |
DE (2) | DE9318071U1 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1010444A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1271237B (it) * | 1994-09-30 | 1997-05-27 | Whirlpool Italia | Dispositivo di controllo della potenza di elementi riscaldanti |
JP3607428B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-08 | 2005-01-05 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 蛍光ランプ点灯装置 |
DE19649170A1 (de) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-05-28 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle |
US5998941A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-12-07 | Parra; Jorge M. | Low-voltage high-efficiency fluorescent signage, particularly exit sign |
US6034485A (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2000-03-07 | Parra; Jorge M. | Low-voltage non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method |
US6300722B1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2001-10-09 | Jorge M. Parra | Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method |
FI107655B (fi) * | 1998-06-11 | 2001-09-14 | Innoware Oy | Elektroninen ohjauspiiri |
TW437909U (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 2001-05-28 | Idea Up Tech Co Ltd | Soft start device of lighting |
US6411041B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2002-06-25 | Jorge M. Parra | Non-thermionic fluorescent lamps and lighting systems |
US6465971B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2002-10-15 | Jorge M. Parra | Plastic “trofer” and fluorescent lighting system |
US6936973B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2005-08-30 | Jorge M. Parra, Sr. | Self-oscillating constant-current gas discharge device lamp driver and method |
DE102004031445A1 (de) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-26 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Schaltungsanordnung und Betriebsgerät zum Betrieb von Lampen |
US7330000B2 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2008-02-12 | Shimon Limor | Discharge lighting bulbs control system |
ATE443428T1 (de) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-10-15 | Sander Elektronik Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zünden einer fluoreszenz-lampe |
EP1915035A3 (de) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-05-07 | Sander Elektronik AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Speisen einer Fluoreszenz-Lampe in einer Notleuchte |
CN102413621A (zh) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 奥斯兰姆有限公司 | 灯丝预热电路、方法及镇流器 |
US10375796B2 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-08-06 | Current Lighting Solutions, Llc | Waveform shaping circuit for spurious harmonic suppression |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3700956A (en) * | 1971-01-04 | 1972-10-24 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Arc discharge lamp control circuit |
US3869640A (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-03-04 | Taras Avenir Kolomyjec | Power supply arrangement for fluorescent tubes, thermionic devices and the like |
GB1570277A (en) * | 1975-10-01 | 1980-06-25 | Sonca Ind Ltd | Fluorescent lamp arrangement |
JPS5321878A (en) * | 1976-08-13 | 1978-02-28 | Yoshinobu Ichinose | Fluorescent lamp lighting device |
US4234823A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-11-18 | National Computer Sign Company | Ballast circuit for low pressure gas discharge lamp |
AU555174B2 (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Oy Helvar | Electronic ballast for a discharge lamp |
DE3608615A1 (de) * | 1986-03-14 | 1987-09-17 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb von niederdruckentladungslampen |
DE3829388A1 (de) * | 1988-08-30 | 1990-03-01 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer last |
US4973885A (en) * | 1989-04-10 | 1990-11-27 | Davis Controls Corporation | Low voltage direct current (DC) powered fluorescent lamp |
US5237243A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-08-17 | Chung Yeong Choon | Dimming circuit for a fluorescent lamp |
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 DE DE9318071U patent/DE9318071U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-11-01 US US08/332,857 patent/US5461286A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-09 JP JP1994014968U patent/JP3010988U/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-10 CA CA002135549A patent/CA2135549C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-11 EP EP94117877A patent/EP0655880B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-11 DE DE59406367T patent/DE59406367D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-10-19 HK HK98111305A patent/HK1010444A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59406367D1 (de) | 1998-08-06 |
CA2135549C (en) | 2000-06-06 |
DE9318071U1 (de) | 1995-03-23 |
HK1010444A1 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
JP3010988U (ja) | 1995-05-09 |
EP0655880A1 (de) | 1995-05-31 |
US5461286A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
CA2135549A1 (en) | 1995-05-26 |
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