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EP0654808A1 - Autoexpansion circuit breaker with insulating gas - Google Patents

Autoexpansion circuit breaker with insulating gas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654808A1
EP0654808A1 EP94410104A EP94410104A EP0654808A1 EP 0654808 A1 EP0654808 A1 EP 0654808A1 EP 94410104 A EP94410104 A EP 94410104A EP 94410104 A EP94410104 A EP 94410104A EP 0654808 A1 EP0654808 A1 EP 0654808A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
circuit breaker
contact
tube
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP94410104A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephen Rowe
Paul Glenat
Pierre Leclercq
Daniel Perret
Jean-Claude Faye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Schneider Electric SE
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA, Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0654808A1 publication Critical patent/EP0654808A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/98—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow
    • H01H33/982—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being initiated by an auxiliary arc or a section of the arc, without any moving parts for producing or increasing the flow in which the pressure-generating arc is rotated by a magnetic field

Definitions

  • the exhaust of the hot gases coming from the breaking chamber towards the expansion chamber takes place through the sectioning contacts.
  • the arc is extinguished in the breaking chamber before the separation contacts are separated.
  • breaking of currents of moderate intensities it is possible that two arcs are in series, the first in the breaking chamber between the arcing contacts, the second in the expansion chamber between the isolating contacts .
  • the presence of ionized gases in the interval between the isolating contacts may lead to degradation of the dielectric strength.
  • the arc extinction time during the opening of the circuit breaker is then relatively long, for example greater than 60 ms.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the breaking time of a self-expanding circuit breaker, regardless of the intensity of the current to be interrupted.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that a closure means is housed in the second tube above the second isolating contact, and that discharge orifices are provided in the second tube upstream of the means d 'shutter to divert the first gas flow from the shutdown chamber to the expansion chamber without crossing the isolation gap.
  • the expansion chamber contains blowing means made operational during the opening stroke of the isolating contacts, for injecting a second jet of cold gas in the meantime.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a self-expanding circuit breaker according to the invention, the left half-view showing the circuit breaker in the closed position, and the right half-view showing the circuit breaker at the end of travel opening.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the main and sectioning contacts of the circuit breaker of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows an identical view of Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment.
  • a pole 10 of a high-voltage autoexpansion circuit breaker in particular greater than 100 kV, comprises a sealed casing 12 filled with SF6 gas, and subdivided into a breaking chamber 14, and an expansion chamber 16.
  • the envelope 12 has a tubular shape having two opposite bottoms 18, 20 made of conductive material constituting the two current supply areas of the pole 10.
  • the breaking chamber 14 contains a fixed arcing contact 22 secured to the front surface of an electromagnetic induction coil 24, and a movable arcing contact 26 cooperating with the fixed arcing contact 22 in the closed position of the circuit breaker.
  • the interrupting chamber 14 is arranged in the upper part of the casing 12, the coil 24 and fixed arcing contact 22 assembly being electrically connected to the bottom 18 constituting the first current supply range.
  • the movable arcing contact 26 is carried at the end of a first conductive tube 28 mounted to slide axially through a first insulating wall 30.
  • the expansion chamber 16 is placed coaxially in the lower part of the casing 12 and communicates with the breaking chamber 14 via the first tube 28 during the separation of the arcing contacts 22, 26.
  • the chamber d expansion 16 contains a fixed main contact 32 located at the potential of the upper bottom 18, and a movable main contact 34 electrically connected to the lower bottom 20.
  • the movable main contact 34 is carried by a support member or end piece 36 tubular and conductor made integral a control rod 38 slidably mounted in a conductive tube 40 fixed to the bottom 20.
  • the end piece 36 also comprises a first tubular sectioning contact 42, arranged coaxially inside the movable main contact 34, and cooperating with a second tubular sectioning contact 44 carried at the lower end of a second conductive tube 46.
  • a first return spring 48 is arranged between the wall 30 and a radial stop 50 of the second tube 46, so as to push the latter down by causing the two cutting contacts 42, 44 to abut in the closed position (see half-view on the left in figure 1).
  • the expansion chamber 16 is separated from the interrupting chamber 14 by an intermediate space 52 delimited by the first wall 30 and a second parallel wall 54.
  • a central orifice in the second wall 54 is crossed coaxially by the two telescopic tubes 28, 46.
  • the second outer tube 46 has at its upper end a lug 56 for driving intended to cooperate with a radial flange 58 of the first internal tube 28.
  • a second spring 62 which tends to separate the two tubes 28, 46 longitudinally from one another.
  • the main contacts 32, 34 and the isolating contacts 42, 44 are located inside the expansion chamber 16, while the arcing contacts 22, 26 are permanently arranged in the breaking chamber 14.
  • the volume of the expansion chamber 16 is significantly greater than that of the breaking chamber 14.
  • the current enters through the first current supply range 18, travels through the main contacts 32, 34 and exits through the second range 20.
  • a very low current current flows in the impedant circuit of the coil 24, in series with the arcing contacts 22, 26 and sectioning 42, 44 which are closed.
  • the control rod 38 is pulled down by the action of a mechanism (not shown).
  • the translational movement of the rod 38 drives the end piece 36 in the same direction, and the second tube 46 follows this movement to keep the isolating contacts 42, 44 closed.
  • the first tube 28 remains stationary thanks to the second spring 62, so as to keep the arcing contacts 22, 26 in the closed position.
  • the main contacts 32, 34 separate, with current switching in the circuit of the coil 24 in series with the arcing contacts 22, 26, and the isolating contacts 42, 44.
  • the coming in engagement of the lug 56 against the flange 58 subsequently drives the first tube 28 downwards, which causes the separation of the arcing contacts 22, 26.
  • the electric arc drawn between the arcing contacts 22, 26 is rotated by the magnetic field created by the coil 24, and simultaneously causes a rise in pressure of the SF6 gas inside the breaking chamber 14. It gas flows through the first tube 28 towards the expansion chamber 16, followed by the extinction of the arc when the stop 50 comes to bear against the upper face of the second wall 54.
  • the second tube 46 then remains stationary, and the continued movement of descent of the control rod 38 generates the separation of the sectioning contacts 42, 44 until a sufficient insulation gap 66 is obtained (see half-view on the right on figure 1).
  • the hot gases from the interrupting chamber 14 are discharged to the expansion chamber 16 through the two tubes 28, 46 telescopic.
  • the second tube 46 is plugged by a closure means 68 located above the second sectioning contact 44.
  • Evacuation orifices 70 are provided in the second tube 46 upstream of the closure means 68 to force the flow of hot gases towards the expansion chamber 16 in the direction of the arrow F1. These hot gases do not pass through the insulation gap 66, which is particularly favorable for a rapid restoration of the dielectric strength of the medium between the isolation contacts 42, 44.
  • the arc extinction time is in the range of thirty five to fifty milliseconds.
  • the dielectric recovery of the medium between the isolating contacts 42, 44 can be further improved by the use of blowing means 72 intended to inject an additional jet of cold gas towards the isolation interval 66.
  • the blowing means 72 comprise a fixed piston 74 on which the tubular end piece 36 can slide serving as a movable cylinder.
  • the separation of the isolating contacts 42, 44 during the downward movement of the moving element brings the closing means 68 closer to the piston 74, with a gas compression effect in the region of the isolating contacts 42 , 44.
  • the isolation gap 66 is subjected to a radial flow of fresh gas (arrow F2) intended to extinguish the arc between the isolating contacts 42, 44 with a rapid restoration of the dielectric strength.
  • the arc extinction time is less than thirty milliseconds.
  • the pistonable volume of the compression device is delimited by the fixed piston 74 and the sealing means 68 of the second tube 46.
  • the tubular end piece of the support member 36 has a diameter close to that of the sectioning contacts 42, 44.
  • blowing means 72 by compression of the SF6 gas can be arranged differently without departing from the scope of the invention.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

An auto-expansion circuit breaker with SF6 includes main contacts (32, 34) and isolating contacts (42, 44) housed in an expansion chamber (16) connected to a cutoff chamber by tubular ducts (46, 28). A stopper plug (68) is housed in the tube (46) above the isolating contact (44), and removal orifices (70) are provided in the tube (46) above the plug (68) to deflect the first gaseous outflow originating from the cutoff chamber (14) towards the expansion chamber (16) without crossing the insulating gap (66) between the isolating contacts (42, 44). A blowing assembly (72) with a cylinder piston (74) can send a second jet of cold gases towards the insulating gap (66) to enhance the reestablishment of the dielectric strength of the medium. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur à autoexpansion et à haute tension ayant une enveloppe étanche remplie de gaz isolant à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre, chaque pôle comprenant :

  • une chambre de coupure renfermant un contact d'arc fixe coopérant avec un contact d'arc mobile, et des moyens magnétiques de mise en rotation de l'arc tiré entre les contacts d'arc,
  • une chambre d'expansion communiquant avec la chambre de coupure par l'intermédiaire d'un premier et d'un deuxième tubes télescopiques en matériau conducteur, le contact d'arc mobile étant agencé à l'une des extrémités du premier tube,
  • un contact principal fixe et un contact principal mobile agencés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'expansion , et reliés électriquement à une paire de plages d'amenée de courant,
  • un organe support du contact principal mobile , et d'un premier contact de sectionnement, lequel coopère dans la chambre d'expansion avec un deuxième contact de sectionnement porté par le deuxième tube ,
  • des moyens mécaniques d'entraînement des tubes et de l'organe support pour ouvrir dans un premier stade les contacts principaux avant les contacts d'arc, et dans un deuxième stade les contacts d'arc avant les contacts de sectionnement,
  • et un intervalle d'isolement ménagé entre les contacts de sectionnement en position d'ouverture du disjoncteur.
The invention relates to a self-expanding, high-voltage circuit breaker having a sealed envelope filled with insulating gas of high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, each pole comprising:
  • a breaking chamber containing a fixed arcing contact cooperating with a movable arcing contact, and magnetic means for rotating the arc drawn between the arcing contacts,
  • an expansion chamber communicating with the interrupting chamber by means of first and second telescopic tubes of conductive material, the movable arcing contact being arranged at one end of the first tube,
  • a fixed main contact and a movable main contact arranged inside the expansion chamber, and electrically connected to a pair of current supply pads,
  • a support member for the movable main contact, and a first isolating contact, which cooperates in the expansion chamber with a second isolating contact carried by the second tube,
  • mechanical means for driving the tubes and the support member for firstly opening the main contacts before the arcing contacts, and in a second stage for arcing contacts before the isolating contacts,
  • and an isolation gap provided between the isolating contacts in the open position of the circuit breaker.

Selon un disjoncteur connu du genre mentionné, l'échappement des gaz chauds en provenance de la chambre de coupure vers la chambre d'expansion s'effectue à travers les contacts de sectionnement. Dans le cas de coupure de courants d'intensités élevées. l'extinction de l'arc intervient dans la chambre de coupure avant la séparation des contacts de sectionnement. Dans le cas de coupure de courants d'intensités modérées, il est possible que deux arcs se trouvent en série, le premier dans la chambre de coupure entre les contacts d'arc, le deuxième dans la chambre d'expansion entre les contacts de sectionnement. La présence de gaz ionisés dans l'intervalle entre les contacts de sectionnement risque d'entraîner une dégradation de la tenue diélectrique. Le temps d'extinction de l'arc pendant l'ouverture du disjoncteur est alors relativement long, par exemple supérieur à 60 ms.According to a known circuit breaker of the kind mentioned, the exhaust of the hot gases coming from the breaking chamber towards the expansion chamber takes place through the sectioning contacts. In the event of breaking of currents of high intensities. the arc is extinguished in the breaking chamber before the separation contacts are separated. In the case of breaking of currents of moderate intensities, it is possible that two arcs are in series, the first in the breaking chamber between the arcing contacts, the second in the expansion chamber between the isolating contacts . The presence of ionized gases in the interval between the isolating contacts may lead to degradation of the dielectric strength. The arc extinction time during the opening of the circuit breaker is then relatively long, for example greater than 60 ms.

L'objet de l'invention consiste à réduire le temps de coupure d'un disjoncteur à autoexpansion, indépendamment de l'intensité du courant à interrompre.The object of the invention is to reduce the breaking time of a self-expanding circuit breaker, regardless of the intensity of the current to be interrupted.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen d'obturation est logé dans le deuxième tube au-dessus du deuxième contact de sectionnement , et que des orifices d'évacuation sont prévus dans le deuxième tube en amont du moyen d'obturation pour dévier le premier écoulement gazeux issu de la chambre de coupure vers la chambre d'expansion sans traverser l'intervalle d'isolement .The circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that a closure means is housed in the second tube above the second isolating contact, and that discharge orifices are provided in the second tube upstream of the means d 'shutter to divert the first gas flow from the shutdown chamber to the expansion chamber without crossing the isolation gap.

L'absence de gaz ionisés entre les contacts de sectionnement favorise un rétablissement rapide de la rigidité diélectrique, et diminue le temps d'extinction de l'arc.The absence of ionized gases between the isolating contacts promotes rapid recovery of the dielectric strength, and reduces the arc extinction time.

Selon un développement de l'invention, la chambre d'expansion contient des moyens de soufflage rendus opérationnels lors de la course d'ouverture des contacts de sectionnement, pour injecter un deuxième jet de gaz froids dans l'intervalle.According to a development of the invention, the expansion chamber contains blowing means made operational during the opening stroke of the isolating contacts, for injecting a second jet of cold gas in the meantime.

Cet écoulement supplémentaire de gaz froids dans l'intervalle d'isolement produit une accélération de la récupération diélectrique du milieu, et une extinction rapide de l'arc. Le temps d'extinction de l'arc est dans ce cas réduit au minimum.This additional flow of cold gases in the isolation interval produces an acceleration of the dielectric recovery of the medium, and a rapid extinction of the arc. In this case, the arc extinction time is reduced to a minimum.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example, and represented in the appended drawings, in which:

La figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon l'invention, la demi-vue de gauche représentant le disjoncteur en position fermée, et la demi-vue de droite montrant le disjoncteur en fin de course d'ouverture.Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of a self-expanding circuit breaker according to the invention, the left half-view showing the circuit breaker in the closed position, and the right half-view showing the circuit breaker at the end of travel opening.

La figure 2 est une vue de détail à échelle agrandie des contacts principaux et de sectionnement du disjoncteur de la figure 1.FIG. 2 is a detail view on an enlarged scale of the main and sectioning contacts of the circuit breaker of FIG. 1.

La figure 3 montre une vue identique de la figure 2 d'une variante de réalisation.Figure 3 shows an identical view of Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, un pôle 10 d'un disjoncteur à autoexpansion et à haute tension, notamment supérieure à 100kV comporte une enveloppe 12 étanche remplie de gaz à SF6, et subdivisée en une chambre de coupure 14, et une chambre à expansion 16. L'enveloppe 12 présente une forme tubulaire ayant deux fonds 18, 20 opposés en matériau conducteur constituant les deux plages d'amenée de courant du pôle 10.In FIGS. 1 and 2, a pole 10 of a high-voltage autoexpansion circuit breaker, in particular greater than 100 kV, comprises a sealed casing 12 filled with SF6 gas, and subdivided into a breaking chamber 14, and an expansion chamber 16. The envelope 12 has a tubular shape having two opposite bottoms 18, 20 made of conductive material constituting the two current supply areas of the pole 10.

La chambre de coupure 14 renferme un contact d'arc fixe 22 solidarisé à la surface frontale d'une bobine d'induction électromagnétique 24 , et un contact d'arc mobile 26 coopérant avec le contact d'arc fixe 22 en position de fermeture du disjoncteur. La chambre de coupure 14 est agencée dans la partie supérieure de l'enveloppe 12, l'ensemble bobine 24 et contact d'arc fixe 22 étant relié électriquement au fond 18 constituant la première plage d'amenée de courant. Le contact d'arc mobile 26 est porté à l'extrémité d'un premier tube 28 conducteur monté à coulissement axial à travers une première paroi 30 isolante.The breaking chamber 14 contains a fixed arcing contact 22 secured to the front surface of an electromagnetic induction coil 24, and a movable arcing contact 26 cooperating with the fixed arcing contact 22 in the closed position of the circuit breaker. The interrupting chamber 14 is arranged in the upper part of the casing 12, the coil 24 and fixed arcing contact 22 assembly being electrically connected to the bottom 18 constituting the first current supply range. The movable arcing contact 26 is carried at the end of a first conductive tube 28 mounted to slide axially through a first insulating wall 30.

La chambre d'expansion 16 est placée coaxialement dans la partie inférieure de l'enveloppe 12 et communique avec la chambre de coupure 14 par l'intermédiaire du premier tube 28 lors de la séparation des contacts d'arc 22, 26. La chambre d'expansion 16 contient un contact principal fixe 32 se trouvant au potentiel du fond supérieur 18, et un contact principal mobile 34 connecté électriquement au fond inférieur 20. Le contact principal mobile 34 est porté par un organe support ou embout 36 tubulaire et conducteur rendu solidaire d'une tige de commande 38 montée à coulissement dans un tube conducteur 40 fixé au fond 20.The expansion chamber 16 is placed coaxially in the lower part of the casing 12 and communicates with the breaking chamber 14 via the first tube 28 during the separation of the arcing contacts 22, 26. The chamber d expansion 16 contains a fixed main contact 32 located at the potential of the upper bottom 18, and a movable main contact 34 electrically connected to the lower bottom 20. The movable main contact 34 is carried by a support member or end piece 36 tubular and conductor made integral a control rod 38 slidably mounted in a conductive tube 40 fixed to the bottom 20.

L'embout 36 comporte également un premier contact de sectionnement 42 tubulaire, disposé coaxialement à l'intérieur du contact principal mobile 34, et coopérant avec un deuxième contact de sectionnement 44 tubulaire porté à l'extrémité inférieure d'un deuxième tube 46 conducteur. Un premier ressort 48 de rappel est agencé entre la paroi 30 et une butée 50 radiale du deuxième tube 46, de manière à repousser ce dernier vers le bas en provoquant l'aboutement des deux contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 en position de fermeture (voir demi-vue de gauche sur figure 1).The end piece 36 also comprises a first tubular sectioning contact 42, arranged coaxially inside the movable main contact 34, and cooperating with a second tubular sectioning contact 44 carried at the lower end of a second conductive tube 46. A first return spring 48 is arranged between the wall 30 and a radial stop 50 of the second tube 46, so as to push the latter down by causing the two cutting contacts 42, 44 to abut in the closed position (see half-view on the left in figure 1).

La chambre d'expansion 16 est séparée de la chambre de coupure 14 par un espace intermédiaire 52 délimité par la première paroi 30 et une deuxième paroi 54 parallèle. Un orifice central de la deuxième paroi 54 est traversé coaxialement par les deux tubes 28, 46 télescopiques. Le deuxième tube 46 extérieur possède à son extrémité supérieure un ergot 56 d'entraînement destiné à coopérer avec une collerette 58 radiale du premier tube 28 interne. Entre la collerette 58 du premier tube 28, et un épaulement 60 interne du deuxième tube 46 est agencé un deuxième ressort 62 qui tend à écarter longitudinalement les deux tubes 28, 46 l'un de l'autre.The expansion chamber 16 is separated from the interrupting chamber 14 by an intermediate space 52 delimited by the first wall 30 and a second parallel wall 54. A central orifice in the second wall 54 is crossed coaxially by the two telescopic tubes 28, 46. The second outer tube 46 has at its upper end a lug 56 for driving intended to cooperate with a radial flange 58 of the first internal tube 28. Between the flange 58 of the first tube 28, and an internal shoulder 60 of the second tube 46 is arranged a second spring 62 which tends to separate the two tubes 28, 46 longitudinally from one another.

Les contacts principaux 32, 34 et les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 se trouvent situés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'expansion 16, tandis que les contacts d'arc 22, 26 sont agencés en permanence dans la chambre de coupure 14. Le volume de la chambre d'expansion 16 est nettement supérieur à celui de la chambre de coupure 14. Un tel disjoncteur à autosoufflage est décrit dans la demande de brevet français n° 92.08138 de la demanderesse.The main contacts 32, 34 and the isolating contacts 42, 44 are located inside the expansion chamber 16, while the arcing contacts 22, 26 are permanently arranged in the breaking chamber 14. The volume of the expansion chamber 16 is significantly greater than that of the breaking chamber 14. Such a self-blowing circuit breaker is described in French patent application No. 92.08138 of the applicant.

En position de fermeture (demie-vue de gauche sur la figure 1), le courant rentre par la première plage d'amenée de courant 18, parcourt les contacts principaux 32, 34 et ressort par la deuxième plage 20. Un courant de très faible intensité circule dans le circuit impédant de la bobine 24, en série avec les contacts d'arc 22, 26 et de sectionnement 42, 44 qui sont fermés.In the closed position (half-view on the left in FIG. 1), the current enters through the first current supply range 18, travels through the main contacts 32, 34 and exits through the second range 20. A very low current current flows in the impedant circuit of the coil 24, in series with the arcing contacts 22, 26 and sectioning 42, 44 which are closed.

Au cours de la phase d'ouverture du disjoncteur, la tige de commande 38 est tirée vers le bas par l'action d'un mécanisme (non représenté). Le mouvement en translation de la tige 38 entraîne l'embout 36 dans le même sens, et le deuxième tube 46 suit ce mouvement pour maintenir les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 fermés. Le premier tube 28 reste immobile grâce au deuxième ressort 62, de manière à conserver les contacts d'arc 22, 26 en position fermée.During the opening phase of the circuit breaker, the control rod 38 is pulled down by the action of a mechanism (not shown). The translational movement of the rod 38 drives the end piece 36 in the same direction, and the second tube 46 follows this movement to keep the isolating contacts 42, 44 closed. The first tube 28 remains stationary thanks to the second spring 62, so as to keep the arcing contacts 22, 26 in the closed position.

Il se produit tout d'abord la séparation des contacts principaux 32, 34, avec commutation du courant dans le circuit de la bobine 24 en série avec les contacts d'arc 22,26, et les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44. La venue en engagement de l'ergot 56 contre la collerette 58 entraîne par la suite le premier tube 28 vers le bas, ce qui provoque la séparation des contacts d'arc 22, 26.First of all, the main contacts 32, 34 separate, with current switching in the circuit of the coil 24 in series with the arcing contacts 22, 26, and the isolating contacts 42, 44. The coming in engagement of the lug 56 against the flange 58 subsequently drives the first tube 28 downwards, which causes the separation of the arcing contacts 22, 26.

L'arc électrique tiré entre les contacts d'arc 22, 26 est mis en rotation par le champ magnétique crée par la bobine 24, et provoque simultanément une montée en pression du gaz SF6 à l'intérieur de la chambre de coupure 14. Il en résulte alors un écoulement de gaz à travers le premier tube 28 vers la chambre d'expansion 16, suivi de l'extinction de l'arc lorsque la butée 50 arrive en appui contre la face supérieure de la deuxième paroi 54.The electric arc drawn between the arcing contacts 22, 26 is rotated by the magnetic field created by the coil 24, and simultaneously causes a rise in pressure of the SF6 gas inside the breaking chamber 14. It gas flows through the first tube 28 towards the expansion chamber 16, followed by the extinction of the arc when the stop 50 comes to bear against the upper face of the second wall 54.

Le deuxième tube 46 reste alors immobile, et le mouvement poursuivi de descente de la tige de commande 38 engendre l'écartement des contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 jusqu'à obtenir un intervalle d'isolement 66 suffisant (voir demie-vue de droite sur figure 1).The second tube 46 then remains stationary, and the continued movement of descent of the control rod 38 generates the separation of the sectioning contacts 42, 44 until a sufficient insulation gap 66 is obtained (see half-view on the right on figure 1).

Pendant la phase d'extinction de l'arc, l'échappement des gaz chauds en provenance de la chambre de coupure 14 vers la chambre d'expansion 16 s'effectue à travers les deux tubes 28, 46 télescopiques. Pour éviter le passage direct des gaz chauds dans l'intervalle d'isolement 66 entre les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44, le deuxième tube 46 est bouché par un moyen d'obturation 68 situé au-dessus du deuxième contact de sectionnement 44.During the arc extinguishing phase, the hot gases from the interrupting chamber 14 are discharged to the expansion chamber 16 through the two tubes 28, 46 telescopic. To avoid the direct passage of hot gases in the isolation gap 66 between the sectioning contacts 42, 44, the second tube 46 is plugged by a closure means 68 located above the second sectioning contact 44.

Des orifices 70 d'évacuation sont prévus dans le deuxième tube 46 en amont du moyen d'obturation 68 pour forcer l'écoulement des gaz chauds vers la chambre d'expansion 16 dans le sens de la flèche F1. L'intervalle d'isolement 66 n'est pas traversé par ces gaz chauds, ce qui est particulièrement favorable à un rétablissement rapide de la rigidité diélectrique du milieu entre les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44. Le temps d'extinction de l'arc est compris dans une fourchette de trente cinq à cinquante millisecondes.Evacuation orifices 70 are provided in the second tube 46 upstream of the closure means 68 to force the flow of hot gases towards the expansion chamber 16 in the direction of the arrow F1. These hot gases do not pass through the insulation gap 66, which is particularly favorable for a rapid restoration of the dielectric strength of the medium between the isolation contacts 42, 44. The arc extinction time is in the range of thirty five to fifty milliseconds.

La récupération diélectrique du milieu entre les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 peut encore être améliorée par l'usage de moyens de soufflage 72 destinés à injecter un jet additionnel de gaz froid vers l'intervalle d'isolement 66. Sur la figure 3, les moyens de soufflage 72 comportent un piston 74 fixe sur lequel peut coulisser l'embout 36 tubulaire servant de cylindre mobile. La séparation des contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 pendant le mouvement de descente de l'équipage mobile, provoque le rapprochement du moyen d'obturation 68 par rapport au piston 74, avec un effet de compression du gaz dans la zone des contacts de sectionnement 42, 44. L'intervalle d'isolement 66 est soumis à un écoulement radial de gaz frais (flèche F2) destiné à éteindre l'arc entre les contacts de sectionnement 42, 44 avec un rétablissement rapide de la rigidité diélectrique. Le temps d'extinction de l'arc est inférieur à trente millisecondes.The dielectric recovery of the medium between the isolating contacts 42, 44 can be further improved by the use of blowing means 72 intended to inject an additional jet of cold gas towards the isolation interval 66. In FIG. 3, the blowing means 72 comprise a fixed piston 74 on which the tubular end piece 36 can slide serving as a movable cylinder. The separation of the isolating contacts 42, 44 during the downward movement of the moving element, brings the closing means 68 closer to the piston 74, with a gas compression effect in the region of the isolating contacts 42 , 44. The isolation gap 66 is subjected to a radial flow of fresh gas (arrow F2) intended to extinguish the arc between the isolating contacts 42, 44 with a rapid restoration of the dielectric strength. The arc extinction time is less than thirty milliseconds.

Le volume pistonnable du dispositif de compression est délimité par le piston 74 fixe et le moyen d'obturation 68 du deuxième tube 46. L'embout tubulaire de l'organe support 36 présente un diamètre voisin de celui des contacts de sectionnement 42, 44.The pistonable volume of the compression device is delimited by the fixed piston 74 and the sealing means 68 of the second tube 46. The tubular end piece of the support member 36 has a diameter close to that of the sectioning contacts 42, 44.

Il est clair que les moyens de soufflage 72 par compression du gaz SF6 peuvent être agencés différemment sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is clear that the blowing means 72 by compression of the SF6 gas can be arranged differently without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

Disjoncteur à autoexpansion et à haute tension ayant une enveloppe (12) étanche remplie de gaz isolant à rigidité diélectrique élevée, notamment de l'hexafluorure de soufre, chaque pôle comprenant : - une chambre de coupure (14) renfermant un contact d'arc fixe (22) coopérant avec un contact d'arc mobile (26), et des moyens magnétiques de mise en rotation de l'arc tiré entre les contacts d'arc, - une chambre d'expansion (16) communiquant avec la chambre de coupure (14) par l'intermédiaire d'un premier et d'un deuxième tubes (28, 46) télescopiques en matériau conducteur, le contact d'arc mobile(26) étant agencé à l'une des extrémités du premier tube (28), - un contact principal fixe (32) et un contact principal mobile (34) agencés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'expansion (16), et reliés électriquement à une paire de plages d'amenée de courant (18, 20), - un organe support (36) du contact principal mobile (34), et d'un premier contact de sectionnement (42), lequel coopère dans la chambre d'expansion (16) avec un deuxième contact de sectionnement (44) porté par le deuxième tube (46), - des moyens mécaniques d'entraînement des tubes (28, 46) et de l'organe support (36) pour ouvrir dans un premier stade les contacts principaux (32, 34) avant les contacts d'arc (22, 26), et dans un deuxième stade les contacts d'arc (22, 26) avant les contacts de sectionnement (42, 44), - et un intervalle d'isolement (66) ménagé entre les contacts de sectionnement (42, 44) en position d'ouverture du disjoncteur, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen d'obturation (68) est logé dans le deuxième tube (46) au-dessus du deuxième contact de sectionnement (44), et que des orifices (70) d'évacuation sont prévus dans le deuxième tube (46) en amont du moyen d'obturation (68) pour dévier le premier écoulement gazeux issu de la chambre de coupure (14) vers la chambre d'expansion (16) sans traverser l'intervalle d'isolement (66).Self-expanding, high-voltage circuit breaker having a sealed enclosure (12) filled with insulating gas of high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride, each pole comprising: a breaking chamber (14) containing a fixed arcing contact (22) cooperating with a movable arcing contact (26), and magnetic means for rotating the drawn arc between the arcing contacts, - an expansion chamber (16) communicating with the breaking chamber (14) by means of first and second telescopic tubes (28, 46) made of conductive material, the movable arcing contact (26 ) being arranged at one end of the first tube (28), - a fixed main contact (32) and a movable main contact (34) arranged inside the expansion chamber (16), and electrically connected to a pair of current supply pads (18, 20), - a support member (36) of the movable main contact (34), and of a first sectioning contact (42), which cooperates in the expansion chamber (16) with a second sectioning contact (44) carried by the second tube (46), mechanical means for driving the tubes (28, 46) and the support member (36) in order to open the main contacts (32, 34) in the first stage before the arcing contacts (22, 26), and in a second stage, the arcing contacts (22, 26) before the sectioning contacts (42, 44), - and an isolation gap (66) formed between the isolating contacts (42, 44) in the open position of the circuit breaker, characterized in that a sealing means (68) is housed in the second tube (46) above the second isolating contact (44), and that discharge orifices (70) are provided in the second tube (46) upstream of the closure means (68) for deflecting the first gas flow from the interrupting chamber (14) towards the expansion chamber (16) without crossing the isolation gap (66). Disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre d'expansion (16) contient des moyens de soufflage (72) rendus opérationnels lors de la course d'ouverture des contacts de sectionnement (42, 44), pour injecter un deuxième jet de gaz froids dans l'intervalle (66).Self-expanding circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion chamber (16) contains blowing means (72) made operational during the opening stroke of the isolating contacts (42, 44), for injecting a second jet of cold gases in the meantime (66). Disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de soufflage (72) comportent un dispositif de compression à piston cylindre.Self-expanding circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that the blowing means (72) comprise a compression device with cylinder piston. Disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de compression est équipé d'un piston (74) fixe sur lequel peut coulisser l'organe support (36) en forme d'embout tubulaire servant de cylindre mobile.Self-expanding circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that the compression device is equipped with a fixed piston (74) on which the support member (36) can slide in the form of a tubular end piece serving as a movable cylinder. Disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le volume pistonnable du dispositif de compression est délimité par le piston (74) fixe et le moyen d'obturation (68) du deuxième tube (46).Self-expanding circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the pistonable volume of the compression device is delimited by the fixed piston (74) and the closure means (68) of the second tube (46). Disjoncteur à autoexpansion selon la revendication 4 , caractérisé en ce que l'embout tubulaire de l'organe support (36) présente un diamètre voisin de celui des contacts de sectionnement (42, 44).Self-expanding circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the tubular end piece of the support member (36) has a diameter close to that of the sectioning contacts (42, 44).
EP94410104A 1993-11-24 1994-11-18 Autoexpansion circuit breaker with insulating gas Ceased EP0654808A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9314146A FR2713014B1 (en) 1993-11-24 1993-11-24 Self-expanding insulating gas circuit breaker.
FR9314146 1993-11-24

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EP0654808A1 true EP0654808A1 (en) 1995-05-24

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EP94410104A Ceased EP0654808A1 (en) 1993-11-24 1994-11-18 Autoexpansion circuit breaker with insulating gas

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EP (1) EP0654808A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07201258A (en)
FR (1) FR2713014B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116153734A (en) * 2023-03-07 2023-05-23 西安西电开关电气有限公司 Arc extinguishing chamber and working method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2459543A1 (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-01-09 Alsthom Cgee HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH ROTATING ARC AND SELF-BLOWING
FR2479553A1 (en) * 1980-03-28 1981-10-02 Merlin Gerin Circuit breaker with combined magnetic and pneumatic arc quenching - uses magnetic coil for arc rotation and conductive screen preventing pre-ionisation of expansion gas
EP0298809A1 (en) * 1987-07-02 1989-01-11 Merlin Gerin Self-blasting electrical circuit breaker with a rotating arc

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2459543A1 (en) * 1979-06-15 1981-01-09 Alsthom Cgee HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH ROTATING ARC AND SELF-BLOWING
FR2479553A1 (en) * 1980-03-28 1981-10-02 Merlin Gerin Circuit breaker with combined magnetic and pneumatic arc quenching - uses magnetic coil for arc rotation and conductive screen preventing pre-ionisation of expansion gas
EP0298809A1 (en) * 1987-07-02 1989-01-11 Merlin Gerin Self-blasting electrical circuit breaker with a rotating arc

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116153734A (en) * 2023-03-07 2023-05-23 西安西电开关电气有限公司 Arc extinguishing chamber and working method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2713014A1 (en) 1995-06-02
FR2713014B1 (en) 1996-01-12
JPH07201258A (en) 1995-08-04

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