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EP0654224B1 - Anordnung zum Aufbereiten eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial - Google Patents

Anordnung zum Aufbereiten eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654224B1
EP0654224B1 EP94117723A EP94117723A EP0654224B1 EP 0654224 B1 EP0654224 B1 EP 0654224B1 EP 94117723 A EP94117723 A EP 94117723A EP 94117723 A EP94117723 A EP 94117723A EP 0654224 B1 EP0654224 B1 EP 0654224B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
strip
arrangement according
stretching
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94117723A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0654224A2 (de
EP0654224A3 (de
Inventor
Firdausia Dr. Chehab
Stefan Fietkau
Peter-Franz Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0654224A2 publication Critical patent/EP0654224A2/de
Publication of EP0654224A3 publication Critical patent/EP0654224A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0654224B1 publication Critical patent/EP0654224B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for processing at least a strip of filter material for the tobacco processing industry Industry taken from a supply and one Stretching section is fed with a stretching device, the an application line with an application device for application of application liquid that dissolves the filter material is subordinate to the strip, which in turn is a gathering track with a width reducing the width of the strip Gathering device is subordinate.
  • Such an arrangement is e.g. known from GB-A-2 265 296.
  • a strip of filter material, so-called filter tow, of interconnected fibers e.g. B. from cellulose acetate, continuously from a supply, for. B. from a bale, peeled, spread, stretched, with a solvent, e.g. B. triazetin, sprayed, gathered laterally, a nozzle loaded with blown air and then fed to a funnel, from which the prepared and compressed filter strip is fed to a filter rod machine.
  • the strip formed into a filter rod is continuously covered with a wrapping material strip with further compression , after which filter rods are cut off from the coated filter strand.
  • Proven processing devices of the type described above are manufactured and sold by the applicant under the designations AF 1, AF 2 and AF 3.
  • Proven filter rod machines of the type described are built and sold by the applicant under the designations KDF 2 and KDF 3.
  • the problem on which the invention is based is to create a further advantageous processing arrangement for filter tow.
  • the solution according to the invention is that the stretching section, the order section and the gathering section at least form approximately the shape of a U or a V.
  • the stretching section which advantageously comprises at least two pairs of stretching rolls with different peripheral speeds, can have a length of 800 mm to 1200 mm, preferably 1000 mm. It has surprisingly been found that such a length gives optimal values with regard to the tow yield (tow amount per unit length with constant tensile resistance in the finished filter rod).
  • the width of the filter strip in the stretching section and the application section can preferably be 120 mm to 150 mm. With such a small width, two or more filter tow strips simultaneously drawn off from bales and guided in parallel can be prepared relatively easily, for which purpose the same processing devices can predominantly be used. If the filter strand machine is then designed to process two filter tow strips simultaneously to encased filter strands (so-called two-strand machine), the production performance of a treatment plant can be increased significantly without major additional mechanical expenditure.
  • the stretching section at least approximately vertically or with a predominant be arranged with a vertical component preferred promotion of the strip from top to bottom.
  • the Application device can preferably be at least approximately horizontally arranged order line and than the filter tow after relaxing against the Stretching with finely divided liquid such as triazetin for Dissolve the filter tow fibers by spraying from both sides Spray device can be formed.
  • the gathering track can go to a preferred embodiment of the invention at least approximate vertically or with a predominant vertical Component can be arranged with a preferred conveying direction of the filter tow strip from bottom to top. there can at least approximate the stretch and stretch have the same length.
  • stretching stretch and order stretch and gathering track arranged in the form of a V, so can the stretching route with a preferably from top to bottom strip conveying one leg of the V form while the order is and directly related to it subsequent gathering track with opposite conveying direction form the other leg of the V.
  • the actual stretching section can be preceded by a pre-stretching section, the conveying direction of the filter tow strip, which preferably runs from top to bottom, can have a vertical and a horizontal component.
  • a conditioning device for conditioning the filter tow strip to a constant relative humidity preferably a drying device, can be arranged in an advantageous, independent inventive rank of the invention.
  • B. can be designed as an infrared heater.
  • the beginning of the stretching section can be a preferably non-drivable pair of rolls, the rolls of which can be pressed together with controllable force, while at the end of the stretching section the first pair of rolls of the actual stretching section can be arranged.
  • the direction of the filter tow strip reversing roller pairs of stretching and application section can each z.
  • a pneumatic spreading nozzle can be arranged upstream of the stretching section, from which blown air emerges for spreading the filter tow fibers.
  • the application device can be provided with a charging device for applying electrostatic charges to the filter tow strip. This improves the separation of the fibers of the filter tow strip and makes spraying more uniform, especially when the droplets of the dissolving liquid receive charges with opposite polarity to the charges on the filter tow strip.
  • the application device can advantageously be followed by a discharge device designed as an ionization device.
  • the above-mentioned conditioning device preferably in the form of a drying device, can be controlled by a control arrangement in order to achieve a constant relative humidity in the filter tow strip, to which a measurement signal can be fed from a moisture measurement device.
  • the measuring device can be a device for detecting a field strength resulting from electrostatic charges on the filter tow strip.
  • the electrostatic charge can e.g. B. generated by the stretching of the filter tow strip.
  • the yield can be increased considerably and a saving of filter tow of several percent with the same draw resistance of the filter rods produced with the processed filter tow can be achieved.
  • the dimensions of the processing plant can be reduced; in addition, the "depth" of the System be reduced so far that several run in parallel Filter tow strips are processed at the same time can.
  • the draw-off section 3, in which the filter material strip 2a is promoted along the arrow 5, has one or more Spreading nozzles 16, the compressed air from a compressed air source 17 received.
  • the compressed air is used for expansion of the filter tow fabric conveyed in the direction of arrow 5 in section 2a.
  • a - controllable - spreader nozzle is in U.S. Patent No. 4,259,769.
  • the deflecting rollers 18, 19 lead the filter tow strip into the stretching section 4, which is delimited on the one hand by a pair of rollers 21 with the rollers 22, 23, and on the other hand by a pair of rollers 24 with motorized rollers 26, 27.
  • the rollers 22, 23 are towed by the tow strip 2b, ie they run empty with more or less resistance. If necessary, they can be driven by a motor. They can also be pressed against one another in a manner known per se with controllable force.
  • the filter tow is pre-stretched in the pre-stretching section in which the strip section 2b is conveyed obliquely downwards in the direction of the arrow 28.
  • the filter tow is conditioned in a controlled manner to a predetermined, preferably constant, relative humidity (water).
  • a suitable drying device 31 is sold under the name WEKO-HEAT dryer by HAUG GmbH & Co. KG, PO Box 200333, D-70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen.
  • a speed sensor 32 known per se, which detects the speed of the filter strip 2b directly or indirectly, for example in a known manner via the speed of the motor-driven roller pair 24, outputs a signal dependent on the speed of the strip section 2b to an input a of a control arrangement 33, which controls an electrical energy source 34 for the drying device 31 by means of a signal at an output d such that the heating power increases as the speed of the strip section 2b increases, and decreases as the speed decreases.
  • the signals supplied to the inputs b and c of the control arrangement 33 will be explained later.
  • Downstream of the drying device 31 is a charging rod 37 for applying electrostatic charges to the filter tow strip.
  • the rod sold by the aforementioned company HAUG with the type designation ALS A 030-500 can be used with the charger 38 AG-3 neg / 7612 and AG-3 pos / 7609.
  • the high potential electrostatic charges applied to the strip section 2b ensure good separation of the individual fibers of the filter tow strip still adhering to one another by electrostatic repulsion forces, which is advantageous for the subsequent application of solvent droplets to the filter tow strip. Details of the application of electrostatic charges are shown in US-A-3 817 211 and US defensive publication 665 476, US-Official Gazette 860/3 dated March 18, 1969.
  • the actual stretching section 6 adjoins the pair of rolls 24, in which section 2c of the filter tow strip is conveyed vertically or with a vertical component according to arrow 36 from top to bottom.
  • a further pair of rollers 39 made of motor-driven rollers 41, 42, the peripheral speeds of which are somewhat greater than the peripheral speeds of the rollers 26, 27, so that the elastic filter tow is stretched in a defined manner in section 2c.
  • the roller pairs 24 and 39 thus form the actual stretching device.
  • the rollers 26 and 41 have a rigid grooved. Surface that touch a resilient surface of the rollers 27 and 42, respectively.
  • Such roller configurations are known from the aforementioned filter tow processing devices AF 1, AF 2 and AF 3 from the applicant and z.
  • the length c of the stretching section can be between 800 mm and 1200 mm, preferably about 1000 mm. It has been shown that, surprisingly, a particularly good tow yield can be achieved in this length range.
  • the pair of rollers 39 is followed by a further pair of rollers 43 made of motor-driven rollers 44, 46, the peripheral speeds of which are lower than those of the rollers 41, 42, so that the filter tow in section 2d relaxes slightly as it is conveyed in accordance with arrow 49.
  • the pair of rollers 43 again has a roller 44 with a rigid grooved surface which is in contact with the resilient surface of the roller 46.
  • the roller pairs 39 and 43 thus limit the at least approximately horizontally arranged application section 7, in which an application device 47 in the form of a spraying device 48 is arranged.
  • the spraying device 48 can be designed as described in US Pat. No.
  • the width of the filter tow strip in the stretching section 6 and the application section 7 is preferably between 120 mm and 150 mm. This is such a small width that it allows processing devices for two filter tow strips guided in parallel to be arranged one behind the other perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and thus to be used twice. The strips can then be processed into filter rods in a filter strand machine that processes two strands simultaneously.
  • the gathering section 8 Downstream of the application section is the gathering section 8, in which section 2e of the filter tow strip is conveyed vertically or with a predominantly vertical component (as shown) by a pair of rolls 51 with motor-driven rolls 52, 53 from bottom to top in the direction of arrow 54.
  • the roller 52 again has a rigid grooved surface
  • the contact roller 53 has a resilient surface.
  • gathering devices in the form of wire loops 56a ... 56c are arranged which constantly reduce the width of the filter tow in section 2e.
  • the wire loops have different, ie, decreasing, dimensions.
  • a moisture measuring device 57 in the form of a measuring device 58 for the field strength, which is caused by electrostatic charges which are located on the filter tow strip. These electrostatic charges originate from the stretching in the stretching section 6. Additional charges, as described with the aid of the charging rod 37, are not expedient when the field strength is recorded as the moisture measurement value of the filter material.
  • the field strength is a measure of the content of water in the fibers of the filter tow.
  • a corresponding output signal is fed to a comparison element 59 and compared there with a setpoint value output by a setpoint generator 61.
  • the output signal of the comparator 59 acts on the input b of the control arrangement 33, the input c of which receives a signal from a temperature sensor 62 on the drying device 31.
  • This advantageous development of the invention also has an independent inventive rank.
  • the feed section 9 Downstream of the pair of deflecting rollers 51 is the feed section 9, in which section 2f of the filter tow strip is conveyed in the direction of arrow 62 and is freed of adhering electrostatic charges which are disadvantageous for further processing by means of a discharge device 63.
  • It is an ionizing device in the farm of ring electrodes 64a, 64b, as it is sold by the aforementioned company HAUG under the type designation EI-RE 014-200 with the power pack 66 under the type designation EN-7/7703.
  • the feed section 9 there is also a driven deflection roller 67 with a rounded groove 68 on the circumference rotating at the filter tow speed and a so-called stuffing nozzle 69, known per se, to which compressed air is supplied from an appealing compressed air source 71.
  • 72 is an inlet funnel and 12 the filter rod machine.
  • the stretching section 6, application section 7 and gathering section 8 form at least approximately a U, the inclination of the gathering section in the direction of the stretching section being even greater than shown.
  • Mode of operation of the processing arrangement according to FIG. 1 A filter tow strip 2 is pulled off the bale 1 and first spread out in section 2a.
  • the filter strip is first pre-stretched by the roller pairs 21 and 24, its relative humidity (water) being kept at a constant value by the drying device 31. Electrostatic charges are applied to the filter tow from the charging rod 37 in order to be able to separate the fibers better.
  • the fibers of the filter tow strip are stretched by the rollers of the roller pairs 24 and 39 rotating at different peripheral speeds, the roller pair 39 having the greater peripheral speed.
  • the fibers of the filter tow strip are relaxed by the rollers of the roller pairs 39 and 43 rotating at different rotational speeds, because the roller pair 43 has a lower peripheral speed than the roller pair 39.
  • the spray device 48 sprays the filter tow from both sides with finely divided droplets of a solvent, e.g. B. Triazetin.
  • a solvent e.g. B. Triazetin.
  • the filter tow strip which is conveyed by the roller pairs 51 and 43, is gathered by the wire loops 56a ... 56c, the width of which decreases in each case, ie the width perpendicular to the plane of the drawing is reduced.
  • the moisture is detected by the measuring device 58 and a corresponding measuring signal is sent to the control arrangement 33 for the drying device 31.
  • the filter material is freed of its electrostatic charges by the ionizing device 64a, 64b and, after deflection on the roller 68, is fed via the staking nozzle 69 to the funnel 72 and the inlet 11 of the filter rod machine 12.
  • the stretching section 6 forms one leg of a V, while the application section 7 and the gathering section 8 form the other leg.
  • the stretching section 6 is formed by the two motor-driven roller pairs 24 and 39.
  • Their length c is also preferably between 800 mm and 1200 mm, advantageously 1000 mm.
  • the application device 47 has a spraying device 48 which contains rapidly rotating rotors 50 which spray the supplied solution liquid in the form of thin spray threads 55 onto the filter tow 2d.
  • Such application devices are sold by Weitmann & Konrad GmbH & Co. KG, Postfach 200252, D-70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen, under the name WEKO-ROTORENBEFEUCHTUNG für MATERIALBAHNEN.
  • the shirring section 8 directly adjoins the application section 7 with its wire loops 56a ... 56c, which ends at the pair of rollers 51.
  • the plant sections upstream of the stretching section 6 and those downstream of the application section 7 and the gathering section 8 can be designed as described in FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP94117723A 1993-11-24 1994-11-10 Anordnung zum Aufbereiten eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial Expired - Lifetime EP0654224B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4340029 1993-11-24
DE4340029A DE4340029A1 (de) 1993-11-24 1993-11-24 Anordnung zum Aufbereiten eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0654224A2 EP0654224A2 (de) 1995-05-24
EP0654224A3 EP0654224A3 (de) 1999-10-27
EP0654224B1 true EP0654224B1 (de) 2001-05-02

Family

ID=6503321

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94117723A Expired - Lifetime EP0654224B1 (de) 1993-11-24 1994-11-10 Anordnung zum Aufbereiten eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5590449A (zh)
EP (1) EP0654224B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3534461B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1064222C (zh)
AT (1) ATE200851T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2134724C (zh)
DE (3) DE4340029A1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2157947T3 (zh)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1325685A2 (de) 2002-01-07 2003-07-09 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbereiten wenigstens eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial für die tabakverarbeitende Industrie
EP1325686A3 (de) * 2002-01-07 2004-01-02 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Verschleissanzeigeeinrichtung für eine Walze
DE102006011599A1 (de) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
EP2124032A2 (de) 2008-05-20 2009-11-25 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Prüfen des Rotationsverhaltens einer Walze
EP2255683A1 (de) 2009-05-26 2010-12-01 HAUNI Maschinenbau AG Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
EP3123877A1 (de) 2015-07-29 2017-02-01 PT. Gudang Garam Tbk. Verfahren und anlage zum aufbereiten mindestens eines streifens aus filtermaterial zum herstellen von papierlosen filterstäben für stabförmige rauchartikel der tabakverarbeitenden industrie

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US6936446B2 (en) * 2002-06-19 2005-08-30 Eliminite, Inc. Light weight medium for growing microorganisms
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DE10354924B4 (de) 2003-11-25 2024-01-18 Körber Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Filtertowmaterial sowie Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filtern
DE102004004688A1 (de) * 2004-01-29 2005-08-25 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Separate Entspannung und Besprühung eines Filtertowstreifens
WO2005087026A1 (ja) 2004-03-16 2005-09-22 Japan Tobacco Inc. フィルタロッド製造機
DE102005052660B3 (de) * 2005-11-04 2007-04-26 Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ausbreiten eines Karbonfaserstrangs
DE102006011588B4 (de) * 2006-03-10 2008-04-10 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
DE102006011587B4 (de) * 2006-03-10 2008-04-03 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
DE102006018101A1 (de) * 2006-04-18 2007-10-25 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitungseinheit zur Aufbereitung mindestens eines Filtertowstreifens sowie eine Vorrichtung mit mindestens zwei derartigen Aufbereitungseinheiten
ITBO20070569A1 (it) * 2007-08-07 2007-11-06 Gd Spa Apparecchiatura per la lavorazione di almeno una striscia di materiale da filtro nell'industria del tabacco.
DE102008003368A1 (de) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zum Transport eines Filtertows
DE102009016500B4 (de) * 2009-04-08 2024-02-08 Körber Technologies Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Filterstrangmaschine und Filterstrangmaschine
DE102009040092A1 (de) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Filterstrangs
US8534294B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2013-09-17 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method for manufacture of smoking article filter assembly including electrostatically charged fiber
DE202015100671U1 (de) * 2015-02-11 2016-05-16 Daicel Corporation Zigarettenfilterfertigungsvorrichtung sowie Steuereinheit und Prozessoreinheit für eine Zigarettenfilterfertigungsvorrichtung
CN109222198B (zh) * 2018-08-08 2021-05-18 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种用于烟支滤棒加香的丝束加香装置和加香方法
CN111150095B (zh) * 2020-01-22 2021-06-11 深圳市联君科技股份有限公司 一种滤棒吸阻稳定装置及方法
GB202300835D0 (en) * 2023-01-19 2023-03-08 Nicoventures Trading Ltd Methods and assemblies for the processing of a continuous sheet of material

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1325685A2 (de) 2002-01-07 2003-07-09 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Aufbereiten wenigstens eines Streifens aus Filtermaterial für die tabakverarbeitende Industrie
EP1325686A3 (de) * 2002-01-07 2004-01-02 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Verschleissanzeigeeinrichtung für eine Walze
US7175580B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2007-02-13 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Wear indicator for a roller
DE102006011599A1 (de) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
DE102006011599B4 (de) * 2006-03-10 2007-12-20 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
EP2124032A2 (de) 2008-05-20 2009-11-25 Hauni Maschinenbau AG Prüfen des Rotationsverhaltens einer Walze
DE102008024373A1 (de) 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Prüfen des Rotationsverhaltens einer Walze
EP2255683A1 (de) 2009-05-26 2010-12-01 HAUNI Maschinenbau AG Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
DE102009022759A1 (de) 2009-05-26 2010-12-02 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Aufbereitung eines Filtermaterialstreifens der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie
EP3123877A1 (de) 2015-07-29 2017-02-01 PT. Gudang Garam Tbk. Verfahren und anlage zum aufbereiten mindestens eines streifens aus filtermaterial zum herstellen von papierlosen filterstäben für stabförmige rauchartikel der tabakverarbeitenden industrie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3534461B2 (ja) 2004-06-07
JPH07203935A (ja) 1995-08-08
CA2134724C (en) 2007-04-17
CN1064222C (zh) 2001-04-11
DE4340029A1 (de) 1995-06-01
US5590449A (en) 1997-01-07
EP0654224A2 (de) 1995-05-24
CA2134724A1 (en) 1995-05-25
ES2157947T3 (es) 2001-09-01
CN1108072A (zh) 1995-09-13
ATE200851T1 (de) 2001-05-15
DE4345569B4 (de) 2006-06-08
DE59409739D1 (de) 2001-06-07
EP0654224A3 (de) 1999-10-27

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