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EP0643572B1 - Ameliorations apportees aux systemes de support pneumatique - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees aux systemes de support pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0643572B1
EP0643572B1 EP93913246A EP93913246A EP0643572B1 EP 0643572 B1 EP0643572 B1 EP 0643572B1 EP 93913246 A EP93913246 A EP 93913246A EP 93913246 A EP93913246 A EP 93913246A EP 0643572 B1 EP0643572 B1 EP 0643572B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
air
sacs
inflatable
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93913246A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0643572A1 (fr
Inventor
Vera Caldwell
Kenneth Caldwell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CALDWELL, KENNETH
CALDWELL, VERA
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929211411A external-priority patent/GB9211411D0/en
Priority claimed from GB929225182A external-priority patent/GB9225182D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0643572A1 publication Critical patent/EP0643572A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0643572B1 publication Critical patent/EP0643572B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C20/00—Head-, foot- or like rests for beds, sofas or the like
    • A47C20/04—Head-, foot- or like rests for beds, sofas or the like with adjustable inclination
    • A47C20/048—Head-, foot- or like rests for beds, sofas or the like with adjustable inclination by fluid means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses
    • A47C27/081—Fluid mattresses of pneumatic type
    • A47C27/082—Fluid mattresses of pneumatic type with non-manual inflation, e.g. with electric pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses
    • A47C27/10—Fluid mattresses with two or more independently-fillable chambers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05784—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with ventilating means, e.g. mattress or cushion with ventilating holes or ventilators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2210/00—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis
    • A61G2210/70—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis for cooling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2210/00—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis
    • A61G2210/90—Devices for specific treatment or diagnosis for heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a zero-loss, multi-pressure, air support system, in the form of a mattress assembly.
  • a support apparatus comprising a frame with support members being mounted on such frame and a plurality of inflatable air sacs mounted on and operatively connected to such support members.
  • Such beds usually have a low pressure air supply connected thereto, the pressure normally utilised being of the order of 25 mm Hg.
  • the air sacs or air chambers are almost airtight but permit leakage at a planned rate from holes or stitch holes and the sacs may be linked together to form common pressure zones.
  • Such arrangement enables differing pressures to be applied to the differing groups of air sacs or chambers so as to provide a patient with a comfortable support system.
  • the frame is in the form of sections, the angles of which may be adjusted to assist in the comfort of the patient.
  • EP-A-0292218 discloses an improved bed system having two inflatable bladders with a pre-set pressure differential therebetween and indicates the possibility of utilising a forced air ventilation system in one embodiment.
  • a zero-loss, multi-pressure, air support system comprising an air support means in the form of a mattress assembly having a first plurality of inflatable, air-tight, air sacs forming chambers which are connected together in at least first and second pressure zones, each of said pressure zones being operated at a pre-selected pressure, a specific pressure being selected for each zone, and multi-section pressure regulation means which operates to inflate said first pressure zone to a first pressure and operates to inflate said second pressure zone to a second pressure which is different from the first pressure, and further including forced air ventilation means; characterised in that said forced air ventilation means includes a second plurality of inflatable air sacs with apertures forming second chambers, an air supply pump, and a manifold, said second chambers being connected to the manifold, said air supply pump providing a stream of air through the manifold to the inflatable air sacs, and said apertures providing a ventilation air stream.
  • the mattress assembly comprises:
  • the force ventilated support system according to the present invention has various advantages over the prior art, one distinct advantage being that the system of the invention is fail-safe and will not collapse when the power supply fails, the system continuing to support the patient as normal until resumption of the power supply takes place.
  • a force ventilated air support system having a triple membrane arrangement, two of said membranes providing an air-tight inflatable air chamber or sac and the third, outer, membrane being connected at its edges to the edges of one of said other membranes, and having apertures therein to enable air to be forced out through said apertures.
  • an interface pressure of a bed incorporating a support system in accordance with the present invention provides an interface pressure of the order of 16-22 mm Hg, dependent on patient weight and physical characteristics.
  • the pillow may have half its thickness filled with normal filling material and an inflatable core.
  • Such core would be formed of a triple membrane arrangement as referred to above having apertures in the outer membrane.
  • the two membranes forming the air-tight chamber or sac is firstly inflated to the required pressure.
  • the thickness of the pillow can be increased or decreased as desired by inflation of the airtight inner core.
  • the pillow may be piped into the air supply system of the bed with which the pillow is being utilised and fresh air is then forced through the apertures in the outer membrane providing the required ventilation through the pillow.
  • Such arrangement assists in preventing perspiration in the neck and head region of a patient.
  • the purpose of providing multi-pressure zones is to enable a greater degree of accuracy and fine control for the support of patients, for example, on inflatable support mattresses such as the zero air loss force ventilated support system as described in accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, a low air loss system as well as independent sac support air systems.
  • the provision of two or more pressure zones or strata provides a safety higher pressure lower level, combined with a low interface pressure and high comfort upper level.
  • a multi-pressure zone system is provided therein which enables one portion of the mattress or support surface to operate at one pressure and another position to operate at a different pressure. Accordingly, depending upon the illness and/or injury suffered by a patient, the pressure of the support mattress or support surface can be modified along its length to provide extra comfort for a patient. It is believed that the present invention will have particular use in connection with providing pressure relief to patients and elderly people who are at risk in developing pressure sores, particularly when confined to a bed for a long period of time.
  • Fig. 1 shows a series of air sacs or chambers 10 connected together in pressure zones 11. Such zones 11 are inflated or deflated by means of the inflation nozzle 12. The zones 11 remain at the pressure so set via the inflation nozzle 12 using air from a load support air supply into the common manifold 13 via the zone inflation nozzle 12.
  • a stream of ventilation air is provided via the ventilation air stream supply nozzle 14 to all the sacs 10 in common via the ventilation air stream supply manifold 15.
  • the ventilation air stream is then evenly distributed along the full surface of the support system via air sac jets 16.
  • each air sac 10 preferably has a triple membrane form, two of said membranes forming an air-tight chamber into which air is supplied by means of manifold 13.
  • the outer membrane of the sac 10 provides a space into which the ventilation air stream is supplied via manifold 15.
  • the ventilation air stream then flows out of the air sac jets or apertures 16.
  • Fig. 1 shows parts of a mattress system incorporating ventilation air stream apertures and is constructed in the manner indicated above.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative method of assembly utilising plug and socket means to connect the air sac and ventilation channels to the associated manifolds.
  • Fig. 3 shows another alternative method of air sac connection via plug and socket means.
  • the force ventilated system of the present invention can be provided as a simple support mattress or seating unit, the system will be now illustrated in combination with a typical full hospital style or nursing home bed unit as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the support system of the present invention is mounted on a rigid bed frame 41 having a hinged support top surface 42 by which means the angles and posture of the mattress surface can be adjusted.
  • the power to adjust the angles or posture of the hinged support surface 42 is provided by an inflatable head bellows 43 and foot bellows 44.
  • the control of the bed angles or posture is available to the patient or nursing staff by means of a hand control push button unit 45 such that when the button to raise the head end of the bed is pressed, air from the air unit 46 is diverted to supply air to the bellows unit 43 and when the push button to lower is pressed, air from bellows 43 is released to atmosphere, thus allowing the bellows 43 to lower the head section of the bed.
  • Air pressure to the air sac or chamber pressure zones 47, 48 and 49 are controlled in a similar manner to the head and foot bellows 43 and 44, using push buttons on the hand control unit 45.
  • the ventilation air stream is flowing continuously whenever the pump unit 46 is running via the ventilation air stream supply line 50 to the common ventilation air stream manifold 51 for distribution along the bed surface via the ventilation air jets 16.
  • the hand control unit 45 has two push button control valves for each operation required of the bed or seating unit. Air from the pump unit 46 passes continuously through the control unit 45 and then through ventilation air stream supply 50 whilst the push buttons are non-active. When a button is pressed to supply power air to inflate or elevate a bed section, the continuous ventilation air stream supply 50 is temporarily cut off and directed via the button pressed to the appropriate bed section requiring air supply. When the button is released, the bed section so inflated is automatically sealed off and the air supply is restored to the ventilation air stream 50. When the push button to deflate a bed section is pushed, air from the section is released to atmosphere until the button is released. The deflate push button does not effect the ventilation air stream flow 50.
  • a simple air controlled bed unit is illustrated in Fig.
  • a portable air pump unit 52 which can be connected to any of the bed inflation points as needed to adjust pressure in the pressure zones via a plug and socket type connector in the load support air supply manifold 13 and when pressure adjustments are complete the pump unit 52 is connected to the ventilation air stream supply manifold 15.
  • FIG. 6 A similar system of inflation and deflation control is utilised in the seat unit illustrated in Fig. 6, the seat and back unit illustrated in Fig. 7 and the seat, back and leg unit illustrated in Fig. 8.
  • the force ventilated support system in accordance with the present invention enables additional assistance to be provided to a patient or user of a device incorporating such support system, the force ventilated arrangement enabling the patient or user to remain comfortable.
  • Fig. 9 shows a mattress assembly 90 having a multiple section manifold whereby groups of air sacs 91 may be controlled collectively in strata and pressure zones.
  • the zones are arranged in groups horizontally and vertically in strata.
  • the lowest strata level 92 would be quite firm, whereby the patient on the bed would not, under any circumstances, be able to sink through the lowest strata level which would be quite firm, whereby the patient on the bed would not, under any circumstances, be able to sink through the lowest level and thereby touch the bed base.
  • the upper level pressure would be set so that the patient is allowed to sink into the upper surface 93 and suitably be suspended just above the surface of the lower level. Further adjustment could be effected to provide maximum comfort in the full confidence that the patient could never reach the bed base through the lower level.
  • the horizontal upper strata zone pressures would be set to give typical settings as follows: Upper body Medium pressure 10-18 mm/Hg Mid-section Higher pressure 15-22 mm/Hg Foot section Low pressure 3-8 mm/Hg
  • Fig. 10 illustrates an airtight sac system in accordance with the further aspect of the present invention, but which does not require the ventilation air stream of the first aspect of the present invention.
  • a mattress or the like air support system can be made utilising a plurality of one or more air-tight membranes. Whilst the embodiment of Fig. 10 shows three pressure zones, 101, 102, 103, it is to be understood that any selected number of pressure zones can be provided. Moreover, as indicated above, the mattress can be made so as to be utilised with or without a forced ventilation air flow.
  • Fig. 11 indicates that independent internal pressurised devices or members 112 can be inserted into an air sac 111 and can be used, with or without internal air-tight membranes, so as to create pressure zones within pressure zones, as well as strata pressure zones.
  • independent internal pressurised devices or members 112 can be inserted into an air sac 111 and can be used, with or without internal air-tight membranes, so as to create pressure zones within pressure zones, as well as strata pressure zones.
  • an inflatable member which is locatable in the air sac and which, in use, will act in a similar manner to the invention by providing multi-pressure zone air sacs.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates a section of a low air loss support system sac 120, into which has been incorporated a nominally air-proof membrane 121 which has been perforated by the provision of carefully graded holes 122, thereby allowing air to pass through the membrane at a controlled rate relative to the air losses through stitch holes in the upper half of the sac.
  • Such holes may be replaced by an adjustable valve or pressure regulator 123 built in to the membrane or by a separate feed nozzle from the air supply 124.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 12 makes it possible to adjust the pressure in the upper part of the sac to a lower pressure than that in the lower part of the sac. This type of control is suitable for use with twin nozzles or single nozzle low air loss support systems.
  • Fig. 13 diagrammatically illustrates a single pressure element bed 130, viz, in which the whole sac is at one pressure.
  • Fig. 13 also shows the bed to be divided, along its length, in three pressure zones 131. 132, 133.
  • Each zone comprises a group of sacs and the zones or sac groups are arranged so that different parts of the body can be supported at the optimum pressure setting to give lowest interface pressure and maximum comfort.
  • the arrangement of the horizontal pressure zones can be extremely important and can be utilised in any multiple form depending upon the special effect required.
  • Fig. 14 schematically illustrates a multi-pressure air support system in accordance with the further aspect of the present invention incorporated within a mattress cover 140.
  • the upper surface of the mattress is usually water vapour permeable to prevent soiling, but will allow perspiration to pass through and to allow for surface washing.
  • the interior of the mattress cover has vertical dividers 141 across the bed attached to the bottom and top sides of the mattress cover.
  • the inflatable sac elements 142 pass between the vertical dividers 141 and are therefore loosely held in place whilst at the same time being separated from one another. This arrangement allows the sacs to move easily but at the same time be retained in their allotted space even when the sac is less than half full of air and is accordingly quite flaccid.
  • the control of the semi-inflated sac elements 142 referred to above is generally to prevent the sacs from being pushed apart when a patient is restless on the bed and prevents the patient from falling between the sacs to land or bottom out on the bed frame.
  • the multi-pressure zone air support system in accordance with the present invention enables the pressure in an air support system to be varied along its depth and/or length.
  • a patient can be made far more comfortable by the use of multi-pressure zone air sacs than with a bed at a constant pressure.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte, selon un premier mode, à un système de support de ventilation forcée comportant un élément de support pneumatique associé à un dispositif de ventilation forcée. L'invention se rapporte également, selon un outre mode, à un système de support pneumatique multi-pression comportant un support pneumatique associé à des zones multi-pression. Ce deuxième système peut être utilisé en combinaison avec le premier système de l'invention ou séparément.

Claims (7)

  1. Système gonflable, multipression et sans perte, comprenant des moyens gonflables se présentant sous la forme d'un ensemble de matelas possédant une première pluralité de poches d'air gonflables et étanches à l'air formant des chambres (10) qui sont reliées entre elles dans au moins des première et deuxième zones de pression (11), chacune desdites zones de pression fonctionnant à une pression présélectionnée, une pression spécifique étant choisie pour chaque zone? et des moyens de régulation de pression multisections (12) qui servent à gonfler ladite première zone de pression à une première pression et servent à gonfler ladite deuxième zone de pression à une deuxième pression qui est différente de la première pression, et comprenant en outre des moyens de ventilation forcée à l'air ;
       caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de ventilation forcée à l'air comprennent une deuxième pluralité de poches d'air gonflables dotées d'ouvertures (16) formant des deuxièmes chambres, d'une pompe d'amenée d'air (52) et d'un collecteur (15), lesdites deuxièmes chambres étant reliées au collecteur (15), ladite pompe d'amenée d'air (52) délivrant un courant d'air à travers le collecteur (15) aux poches d'air gonflables et lesdites ouvertures (16) délivrant un courant d'air de ventilation.
  2. Système gonflable selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre un groupe de poches gonflables étanches a l'air (130) formant des chambres qui sont reliées de manière à former trois zones de pression (131, 132, 133), une pression étant choisie pour ladite troisième zone de pression, et dans lequel les moyens de régulation de pression multisections (12) servent à gonfler ladite troisième zone de pression à une pression choisie pour être différente de la première et de la deuxième pression.
  3. Système gonflable sans perte selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'ensemble de matelas comprend :
    une première pluralité de poches gonflables qui sont reliées les unes aux autres d'une manière complètement étanche à l'air de manière à former au moins un premier groupe (47) et un deuxième groupe (48) de poches, chaque groupe définissant une zone de pression individuelle capable de fonctionner à des pressions différentes ; et
    des moyens (45, 46) destinés à appliquer une pression sur chaque groupe de poches jusqu'à ce que chaque zone soit gonflée à une pression présélectionnée différente ;
    et comprenant en outre une deuxième pluralité de poches gonflables (51) dans lesquelles sont définies des ouvertures (16) ; et
    des moyens (50) pour assurer une alimentation continue d'air forcé, lesdites ouvertures (16) délivrant un courant d'air de ventilation.
  4. Système gonflable sans perte selon la revendication 3, dans lequel lesdits moyens d'application de pression comprennent un premier collecteur raccordé de manière à appliquer une pression sur le premier groupe de poches ; un deuxième collecteur raccordé de manière à appliquer une pression sur le deuxième groupe de poches et des moyens pour délivrer de la pression auxdits premier et deuxième collecteurs.
  5. Système gonflable sans perte selon la revendication 4, comprenant en outre un troisième groupe de poches gonflables de manière complètement étanche à l'air (49) raccordé de manière à former un troisième groupe définissant une autre zone de pression, et dans lequel lesdits moyens (45, 46) d'application de pression comprennent un troisième collecteur raccordé au troisième groupe de poches pour appliquer une pression audit troisième collecteur, de telle sorte que chaque zone de pression puisse être gardée à une pression présélectionnée différente.
  6. Système gonflable sans perte selon les revendications 3, 4 ou 5, dans lequel lesdits moyens pour conserver une alimentation continue en air forcé comprennent un collecteur raccordé à ladite deuxième pluralité de poches gonflables, et une source d'air sous pression permettant de conserver la pluralité de poches à l'état gonflé pendant que le courant d'air de ventilation est délivré.
  7. Système gonflable sans perte selon l'une des revendications 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6, dans lequel une poche gonflable de la première pluralité de poches et une poche gonflable de la deuxième pluralité de poches sont formées par un agencement à trois membranes, deux des membranes offrant une chambre complètement étanche à l'air et une troisième membrane, extérieure, possédant des ouvertures, ladite membrane extérieure étant raccordée de manière à former une chambre capable de décharger un courant d'air de ventilation.
EP93913246A 1992-05-29 1993-05-28 Ameliorations apportees aux systemes de support pneumatique Expired - Lifetime EP0643572B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929211411A GB9211411D0 (en) 1992-05-29 1992-05-29 Improvements in or relating to air support systems
GB9211411 1992-05-29
GB9225182 1992-12-02
GB929225182A GB9225182D0 (en) 1992-12-02 1992-12-02 Improvements in or relating to multi-pressure air support systems
PCT/GB1993/001139 WO1993024088A1 (fr) 1992-05-29 1993-05-28 Ameliorations apportees aux systemes de support pneumatique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0643572A1 EP0643572A1 (fr) 1995-03-22
EP0643572B1 true EP0643572B1 (fr) 2000-02-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93913246A Expired - Lifetime EP0643572B1 (fr) 1992-05-29 1993-05-28 Ameliorations apportees aux systemes de support pneumatique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0643572B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU681084B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69327872T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2267217B (fr)
WO (1) WO1993024088A1 (fr)

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US8745788B2 (en) 2005-07-26 2014-06-10 Hill-Rom Services. Inc. System and method for controlling an air mattress
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU681084B2 (en) 1997-08-21
GB2267217B (en) 1996-12-11
WO1993024088A1 (fr) 1993-12-09
GB2267217A (en) 1993-12-01
DE69327872D1 (de) 2000-03-23
AU4337693A (en) 1993-12-30
GB9311095D0 (en) 1993-07-14
DE69327872T2 (de) 2000-10-05
EP0643572A1 (fr) 1995-03-22

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