EP0625767A2 - Control system for checking fee payment for road users - Google Patents
Control system for checking fee payment for road users Download PDFInfo
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- EP0625767A2 EP0625767A2 EP94103617A EP94103617A EP0625767A2 EP 0625767 A2 EP0625767 A2 EP 0625767A2 EP 94103617 A EP94103617 A EP 94103617A EP 94103617 A EP94103617 A EP 94103617A EP 0625767 A2 EP0625767 A2 EP 0625767A2
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
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- the invention relates to a control system for checking the toll payment of road users in an automatic toll collection system with payment stations on highways and correspondingly equipped vehicles, which have an on-board device and a communication device for wireless data exchange with a vehicle transceiver and an electrical usage card in the form of a processor card .
- the payment stations previously proposed for such systems are based on automatic, combined debiting and control stations.
- the vehicles must be equipped with an on-board device and an electronic wallet in the form of a processor card (e.g. smart card).
- the payment process takes place automatically while passing through the station.
- the vehicles should be able to drive at undiminished speed and lane changes should also be possible.
- Non-payers are automatically recorded by a suitable photographic recording system or video system.
- Every vehicle without an on-board device or with a defective or out of order device triggers video recording in the stations. If many stations are passed in the course of the journey, a large abundance of images quickly emerges. Foreign motorists must also be equipped with an on-board device. The recording technology reaches its limits at high vehicle speeds and an unfavorable camera position due to the construction. Automatic recognition of the number plates is only possible to a limited extent under these practical conditions. The situation is similar with the secure automatic detection of the vehicle type, on which the amount of the fee can depend. It is problematic to levy a penalty for nonpayers if this is not done immediately. Payment requests that arrive after a long time must be legally unassailable. For proof by the driver, the debit must be reliably logged as an electronic receipt.
- the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages indicated above and to propose a simple control system for the payment of the road toll in an automatic toll collection system.
- this object is achieved for a fee entry system described at the outset in that the payment stations are designed only as validation stations, each debiting a certain usage fee and logging the debits made by the last validation stations with the data required for securing evidence on the processor card, and in that independently separate, stationary and / or mobile control devices are provided, which the individual Query vehicles in flowing traffic and determine and register non-payers.
- the vehicles are equipped with an on-board device and an "electronic ticket".
- the payment stations are purely validation stations. There is no facility for registering non-payers (illegal drivers) at the stations. A station passage with undiminished speed and any lane change is possible. Drivers who have on-board equipment "validate" each time they pass through the validation station the electronic ticket that is valid until the next validation station. The amount of the fee may depend on the distance between the stations, the type of vehicle, the time of day, etc.
- Some recent cancellations (debits) on the electronic ticket are stored in an event memory, i.e. logged. This memory can preferably be queried without contact by mobile control devices.
- one or more infrared beacons known per se are used for infrared light transmission at the validation stations.
- the fee is debited and acknowledged with the aid of the infrared light transmission device.
- the control or interrogation device is formed by an infrared transmitting and receiving device (infrared head) with associated control and display device, which is or will be aligned with the vehicle to be checked.
- control device can additionally have an infrared light-sensitive video camera, with which an exact localization of the controlled vehicle can be achieved when querying and checking the vehicles to be checked on the basis of a separately emitted signal on the part of the vehicle during the query.
- control or interrogation device can be designed as a hand-held device, which, like an infrared gun, is oriented towards the vehicle to be checked, similar to a radar gun for speed control.
- control device is arranged in a control vehicle in such a way that a vehicle driving behind the control vehicle can be checked from or from the control vehicle at high driving speed and with a large vehicle distance.
- control system is comparable to a ticket check in the subway itself and at the subway station exits.
- the data traffic for the contactless query is of course encrypted, which is possible with a processor card with the help of cryptography and is necessary to ensure that it is not possible to pretend a valid ticket by a manipulated device.
- a stationary control device can be provided that only detects vehicles that have paid and vehicles that have not paid. In this way it is possible to register the number of non-payers for statistical purposes without identifying the individual vehicles.
- control device additionally has automatic vehicle identification devices, as are known per se, for example photographic recording systems, such as video systems, etc.
- the data exchange between the vehicles and the validation stations or the control stations can also be carried out with the aid of microwave transmission technology.
- control system with validation stations and control devices, which are preferably used separately, can advantageously be used in an open fee collection system.
- a road AS is shown with two directions of travel and three lanes each with various ascents and descents. At certain points and predeterminable intervals, validation stations EWS are set up, which record the vehicles passing through within a certain communication area KB and debit a corresponding user fee.
- the road AS is also shown in perspective with a validation station EWS, which is formed by two infrared beacons IRB with a control device STV.
- the two beacons are located on the left and right of the AS road and illuminate two intersecting communication areas KB in the direction of travel, within which the data exchange takes place.
- Such control stations with infrared beacons can be structurally relatively simple.
- they illuminate the streets with a long range. This has the advantage that for cryptographic Securing the payment transactions, which takes a relatively long computing time, there is sufficient contact time. With microwave technology, this requires a considerably higher technical outlay.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically how a vehicle FZ driving behind it is checked from a control vehicle KFZ.
- the control and interrogation device KON is installed in the control vehicle KFZ and uses infrared technology to query the vehicle to be checked via its vehicle transceiver. If the vehicle has properly paid its fees, this is displayed in the control vehicle KFZ on a display device ANZ, whereby the vehicle type, the time and the last stations at which payment was made can be displayed along with the time. Vehicles that do not have an on-board device or for which no regular fee payment has been made can then, for example, be photographically recorded and / or immediately requested to pay.
- a hand-held device HG is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
- the control device is arranged here in the course of the road of a multi-lane car road AS and is formed, for example, by two infrared beacons IRB and the associated control device, the control device STV.
- a vehicle detector in the form of an inductive loop IS is arranged in each lane for vehicle detection, which is also connected to the control device STV.
- Fig. 5 shows schematically indicated a permanently installed automatic control station, which also has two infrared beacons IRB, which are arranged to the left and right of the highway AS, and illuminate them with a certain communication area KB.
- Identification and registration devices one or two normal video cameras NV, an additional infrared light-sensitive video camera for the pure localization of the paying vehicles and a traffic radar device RD for precise localization of the vehicles can be arranged on the same masts for automatic vehicle control. These are connected to the control device, where the various processing, correlations and acquisitions are carried out, which are not the subject of the invention here.
- a permanently installed control station will generally only be set up if the level of equipment of the vehicles with on-board equipment is high enough and not too high a number of non-payers has to be recorded and evaluated from the video image.
- Such stations can be arranged on narrow lane areas or motorway exits with only one lane, in which case a vehicle detector in the form of a radar device is not required. In a multi-lane version, as already mentioned above, this is necessary in order to detect, identify and register the correct vehicle.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Kontrollsystem zur Überprüfung der Gebührenentrichtung von Straßenbenutzern in einem automatischen Gebührenerfassungssystem mit Zahlstationen an Autostraßen und entsprechend ausgerüsteten Fahrzeugen, welche ein Bordgerät und eine Kommunikationseinrichtung für einen drahtlosen Datenaustausch mit einem Fahrzeugtransceiver und eine elektrische Benutzungskarte in Form einer Prozessor-Karte aufweisen.The invention relates to a control system for checking the toll payment of road users in an automatic toll collection system with payment stations on highways and correspondingly equipped vehicles, which have an on-board device and a communication device for wireless data exchange with a vehicle transceiver and an electrical usage card in the form of a processor card .
Die bisher für derartige Systeme vorgeschlagenen Zahlstationen basieren auf automatischen, kombinierten Abbuch- und Kontrollstationen. Die Fahrzeuge müssen dazu mit einem Bordgerät und einer elektronischen Geldbörse in Form einer Prozessor-Karte (z.B. Smart-Card) ausgerüstet sein. Der Bezahlvorgang geschieht automatisch während der Durchfahrt durch die Station. Dabei sollen die Fahrzeuge mit unverminderter Geschwindigkeit fahren können und auch Spurwechsel möglich sein. Nichtzahler werden automatisch durch ein geeignetes fotografisches Erfassungssystem bzw. Videosystem erfaßt.The payment stations previously proposed for such systems are based on automatic, combined debiting and control stations. The vehicles must be equipped with an on-board device and an electronic wallet in the form of a processor card (e.g. smart card). The payment process takes place automatically while passing through the station. The vehicles should be able to drive at undiminished speed and lane changes should also be possible. Non-payers are automatically recorded by a suitable photographic recording system or video system.
Diese Stationen sind technisch und baulich sehr aufwendig. Ein Einsatz derartiger Stationen auf Straßen, die nicht von vornherein für die Erhebung einer Maut geplant wurden, bereiten eine Reihe von Problemen, die im folgenden kurz dargestellt werden.These stations are technically and structurally very complex. The use of such stations on roads that were not planned from the outset to collect a toll poses a number of problems, which are briefly outlined below.
Jedes Fahrzeug ohne Bordgerät bzw. mit defektem oder außer Betrieb gesetztem Gerät löst in den Stationen die Videoerfassung aus. Werden im Verlauf der Fahrt viele Stationen passiert, entsteht schnell eine große Bilderfülle. Auch ausländische Autofahrer müssen demnach mit einem Bordgerät ausgestattet sein. Die Aufnahmetechnik gelangt bei hohen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten und baubedingt ungünstiger Kameraposition an ihre Grenzen. Eine automatische Erkennung der Nummernschildern ist unter diesen praktischen Bedingungen nur eingeschränkt möglich. Ähnlich verhält es sich mit der sicheren automatischen Erkennung der Fahrzeugart, von der die Höhe der Gebühr abhängen kann. Problematisch ist die Erhebung einer Strafgebühr für Nichtzahler, falls diese nicht sofort erfolgt. Zahlungsaufforderungen, die erst nach längerer Zeit eintreffen, müssen juristisch unangreifbar sein. Für einen Beweis seitens des Fahrers muß die Abbuchung als elektronischer Beleg zuverlässig protokolliert sein.Every vehicle without an on-board device or with a defective or out of order device triggers video recording in the stations. If many stations are passed in the course of the journey, a large abundance of images quickly emerges. Foreign motorists must also be equipped with an on-board device. The recording technology reaches its limits at high vehicle speeds and an unfavorable camera position due to the construction. Automatic recognition of the number plates is only possible to a limited extent under these practical conditions. The situation is similar with the secure automatic detection of the vehicle type, on which the amount of the fee can depend. It is problematic to levy a penalty for nonpayers if this is not done immediately. Payment requests that arrive after a long time must be legally unassailable. For proof by the driver, the debit must be reliably logged as an electronic receipt.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, oben aufgezeigte Nachteile zu vermeiden und in einem automatischen Gebührenerfassungssystem ein einfaches Kontrollsystem für die Entrichtung der Straßenbenützungsgebühr vorzuschlagen.The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages indicated above and to propose a simple control system for the payment of the road toll in an automatic toll collection system.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe für ein eingangs geschildertes Gebührenerfassungssystem dadurch gelöst, daß die Zahlstationen lediglich als Entwerterstationen ausgebildet sind, die jeweils ein bestimmtes Benutzungsentgelt abbuchen und die erfolgten Abbuchungen der letzten Entwerterstationen mit den erforderlichen Daten für eine Beweissicherung auf der Prozessor-Karte protokollieren, und daß unabhängig separate, stationäre oder/und mobile Kontrolleinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, die die einzelnen Fahrzeuge im fließenden Verkehr ab fragen und Nichtzahler ermitteln und registrieren.According to the invention, this object is achieved for a fee entry system described at the outset in that the payment stations are designed only as validation stations, each debiting a certain usage fee and logging the debits made by the last validation stations with the data required for securing evidence on the processor card, and in that independently separate, stationary and / or mobile control devices are provided, which the individual Query vehicles in flowing traffic and determine and register non-payers.
Die Fahrzeuge sind, wie oben beschrieben, mit einem Bordgerät und einer "elektronischen Fahrkarte" ausgerüstet. Dabei sind die Zahlstationen reine Entwerterstationen. An den Stationen ist keine Einrichtung zur Erfassung von Nichtzahlern (Schwarzfahrern) vorgesehen. Eine Stationsdurchfahrt mit unverminderter Geschwindigkeit und beliebigem Spurwechsel ist möglich. Autofahrer, die ein Bordgerät besitzen, "entwerten" bei jeder Entwerterstationsdurchfahrt die elektronische Fahrkarte, die bis zur nächsten Entwerterstation gültig ist. Die Höhe der Gebühr kann abhängig sein von der Strecke zwischen den Stationen, der Fahrzeugart, der Tageszeit usw.As described above, the vehicles are equipped with an on-board device and an "electronic ticket". The payment stations are purely validation stations. There is no facility for registering non-payers (illegal drivers) at the stations. A station passage with undiminished speed and any lane change is possible. Drivers who have on-board equipment "validate" each time they pass through the validation station the electronic ticket that is valid until the next validation station. The amount of the fee may depend on the distance between the stations, the type of vehicle, the time of day, etc.
Einige zuletzt durchgeführte Entwertungen (Abbuchungen) auf der elektronischen Fahrkarte werden in einem Ereignisspeicher gespeichert, d.h. protokolliert. Dieser Speicher kann vorzugsweise von mobilen Kontrolleinrichtungen berührungslos abgefragt werden.Some recent cancellations (debits) on the electronic ticket are stored in an event memory, i.e. logged. This memory can preferably be queried without contact by mobile control devices.
In einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden an den Entwerterstationen eine oder mehrere, an sich bekannte Infrarotbaken für eine Infrarotlichtübertragung verwendet. Mit einer zugehörigen Steuervorrichtung wird mit Hilfe der Infrarotlichtübertragungseinrichtung die Gebühr abgebucht und quittiert. Entsprechend ist die Kontroll- bzw. Abfrageeinrichtung von einer Infrarot-Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen (Infrarotkopf) mit zugehöriger Steuer- und Anzeigevorrichtung gebildet, welche auf das zu kontrollierende Fahrzeug ausgerichtet ist bzw. wird.In an expedient embodiment of the invention, one or more infrared beacons known per se are used for infrared light transmission at the validation stations. With an associated control device, the fee is debited and acknowledged with the aid of the infrared light transmission device. Accordingly, the control or interrogation device is formed by an infrared transmitting and receiving device (infrared head) with associated control and display device, which is or will be aligned with the vehicle to be checked.
In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Kontrolleinrichtung zusätzlich eine infrarotlichtempfindliche Videokamera aufweisen, mit der bei der Abfrage und Überprüfung der zu kontrollierenden Fahrzeuge aufgrund eines gesondert abgegebenen Signals seitens des Fahrzeugs bei der Abfrage eine genaue Lokalisation des kontrollierten Fahrzeugs erreicht werden kann.In an advantageous further development of the invention, the control device can additionally have an infrared light-sensitive video camera, with which an exact localization of the controlled vehicle can be achieved when querying and checking the vehicles to be checked on the basis of a separately emitted signal on the part of the vehicle during the query.
Kontrollmöglichkeiten bestehen im Verlauf der Straße und an den Ausfahrten. Dazu kann die Kontroll- bzw. Abfrageeinrichtung als Handgerät ausgebildet sein, welches als Infrarot-Pistole ähnlich wie eine Radarpistole für die Geschwindigkeitskontrolle auf das zu kontrollierende Fahrzeug ausgerichtet wird.Control options exist along the road and at the exits. For this purpose, the control or interrogation device can be designed as a hand-held device, which, like an infrared gun, is oriented towards the vehicle to be checked, similar to a radar gun for speed control.
In einer anderen zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Kontrolleinrichtung in einem Kontrollfahrzeug derart angeordnet, daß ein hinter dem Kontrollfahrzeug fahrendes Fahrzeug bei hoher Fahrgeschwindigkeit und großem Fahrzeugabstand aus bzw. von dem Kontrollfahrzeug her kontrolliert werden kann. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß eine eindeutige Zuordnung zum kontrollierenden Fahrzeug besteht und keine eigene Lokalisationsvorrichtung notwendig ist. Darüberhinaus kann das gestellte Fahrzeug, wenn es ein Nichtzahler ist, sofort zum Anhalten veranlaßt werden, um die nicht bezahlte Benutzungsgebühr zu kassieren.In another expedient embodiment of the invention, the control device is arranged in a control vehicle in such a way that a vehicle driving behind the control vehicle can be checked from or from the control vehicle at high driving speed and with a large vehicle distance. This has the advantage that there is an unambiguous assignment to the controlling vehicle and that no separate localization device is necessary. Moreover, if the vehicle provided is a non-payer, it can be promptly stopped to collect the unpaid user fee.
Fahrer ohne gültige Fahrkarte zahlen nach ihrer Entdeckung z.B. eine erhöhte Gebühr, wenn dies juristisch abgesichert ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Kontrollsystem ist vergleichbar mit einer Fahrkartenkontrolle in der U-Bahn selbst und an den U-Bahn-Stationsausgängen.Drivers without a valid ticket, for example, pay an increased fee after their discovery if this is legally guaranteed. The control system according to the invention is comparable to a ticket check in the subway itself and at the subway station exits.
Der Datenverkehr für die berührungslose Abfrage ist selbstverständlich verschlüsselt, was bei einer Prozessorkarte mit Hilfe der Kryptografie möglich ist und erforderlich ist, um sicherzustellen, daß ein Vortäuschen einer gültigen Fahrkarte durch ein manipuliertes Gerät nicht möglich ist.The data traffic for the contactless query is of course encrypted, which is possible with a processor card with the help of cryptography and is necessary to ensure that it is not possible to pretend a valid ticket by a manipulated device.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann eine stationäre Kontrolleinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die lediglich Fahrzeuge detektiert, die bezahlt haben und Fahrzeuge, die nicht bezahlt haben. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, für statistische Zwecke die Anzahl der Nichtzahler zu registrieren, ohne dabei die einzelnen Fahrzeuge zu identifizieren.In a further development of the invention, a stationary control device can be provided that only detects vehicles that have paid and vehicles that have not paid. In this way it is possible to register the number of non-payers for statistical purposes without identifying the individual vehicles.
Zweckmäßigerweise können auch feste, automatische Kontrollstationen eingesetzt werden, wenn der Ausstattungsgrad der Fahrzeuge mit Bordgeräten hoch ist, da sonst das eingangs beschriebene Problem der Bilderfülle entsteht. Dazu weist die Kontrolleinrichtung zusätzlich automatische Fahrzeug-Identifizierungseinrichtungen auf, wie sie an sich bekannt sind, beispielsweise fotografische Erfassungssysteme, wie Videosysteme usw.It is also expedient to use fixed, automatic control stations if the degree of equipment of the vehicles with on-board devices is high, since otherwise the problem of the wealth of images described at the outset arises. For this purpose, the control device additionally has automatic vehicle identification devices, as are known per se, for example photographic recording systems, such as video systems, etc.
Der Datenaustausch zwischen den Fahrzeugen und den Entwerterstationen bzw. der Kontrollstationen kann auch mit Hilfe der Mikrowellenübertragungstechnik vorgenommen werden.The data exchange between the vehicles and the validation stations or the control stations can also be carried out with the aid of microwave transmission technology.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kontrollsystem mit Entwerterstationen und Kontrolleinrichtungen, die vorzugsweise separat verwendet werden, kann in vorteilhafter Weise in einem offenen Gebührenerfassungssystem verwendet werden.The control system according to the invention with validation stations and control devices, which are preferably used separately, can advantageously be used in an open fee collection system.
Bei einem derartigen offenen System ist es möglich, daß problemlos nebeneinander Fahrzeuge mit und ohne Bordgerät und andere, die eine Vignette haben, unabhängig voneinander kontrolliert werden können.With such an open system, it is possible that vehicles with and without on-board equipment and others with a vignette can be checked independently of one another without any problems.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Dabei zeigen
- Fig. 1 eine Entwerterstation an einer Autostraße,
- Fig. 2 eine Kontrolleinrichtung in einem Kontrollfahrzeug,
- Fig. 3 ein Handgerät,
- Fig. 4 eine Kontrollstation für statistische Zwecke und
- Fig. 5 eine fest installierte automatische Kontrollstation.
- 1 is a validation station on a highway,
- 2 a control device in a control vehicle,
- 3 shows a handheld device,
- Fig. 4 is a control station for statistical purposes and
- Fig. 5 is a permanently installed automatic control station.
In Fig. 1 ist eine Autostraße AS mit zwei Fahrtrichtungen und jeweils drei Spuren mit diversen Auf- und Abfahrten gezeigt. An bestimmten Stellen und vorgebbaren Abständen sind Entwerterstationen EWS errichtet, die innerhalb eines bestimmten Kommunikationsbereichs KB die durchfahrenden Fahrzeuge erfassen und eine entsprechende Benutzungsgebühr abbuchen. In Fig. 1 ist auch noch perspektivisch die Autostraße AS mit einer Entwerterstation EWS gezeigt, die von zwei Infrarotbaken IRB mit einer Steuervorrichtung STV gebildet ist. Die beiden Baken sind links und rechts der Autostraße AS angeordnet und leuchten in Fahrtrichtung zwei sich schneidende Kommunikationsbereiche KB aus, innerhalb derer der Datenaustausch erfolgt. Derartige Kontrollstationen mit Infrarotbaken können konstruktiv verhältnismäßig einfach gestaltet sein. In vorteilhafter-Weise leuchten sie die Straßen in einer großen Reichweite aus. Das hat den Vorteil, daß für die kryptografische Sicherung der Zahlvorgänge, die eine relativ lange Rechenzeit beansprucht, eine ausreichende Kontaktzeit vorhanden ist. Bei der Mikrowellentechnik erfordert dies einen erheblich höheren technischen Aufwand.In Fig. 1 a road AS is shown with two directions of travel and three lanes each with various ascents and descents. At certain points and predeterminable intervals, validation stations EWS are set up, which record the vehicles passing through within a certain communication area KB and debit a corresponding user fee. In Fig. 1, the road AS is also shown in perspective with a validation station EWS, which is formed by two infrared beacons IRB with a control device STV. The two beacons are located on the left and right of the AS road and illuminate two intersecting communication areas KB in the direction of travel, within which the data exchange takes place. Such control stations with infrared beacons can be structurally relatively simple. Advantageously, they illuminate the streets with a long range. This has the advantage that for cryptographic Securing the payment transactions, which takes a relatively long computing time, there is sufficient contact time. With microwave technology, this requires a considerably higher technical outlay.
In Fig. 2 ist schematisch gezeigt, wie von einem Kontrollfahrzeug KFZ aus ein hinter diesem herfahrendes Fahrzeug FZ kontrolliert wird. Die Kontroll- und Abfrageeinrichtung KON ist im Kontrollfahrzeug KFZ installiert und frägt mit Hilfe der Infrarottechnik das zu kontrollierende Fahrzeug über dessen Fahrzeugtransceiver ab. Hat das Fahrzeug ordnungsgemäß seine Gebühren entrichtet, so wird dies im Kontrollfahrzeug KFZ auf einer Anzeigeeinrichtung ANZ angezeigt, dabei kann der Fahrzeugtyp, die Uhrzeit und die letzten Stationen, an denen bezahlt worden ist, nebst der Uhrzeit angezeigt werden. Fahrzeuge, die kein Bordgerät haben oder bei denen keine ordentliche Gebührenzahlung erfolgt ist, können dann beispielsweise fotografisch festgehalten werden und/oder gleich zur Zahlung angehalten werden.FIG. 2 shows schematically how a vehicle FZ driving behind it is checked from a control vehicle KFZ. The control and interrogation device KON is installed in the control vehicle KFZ and uses infrared technology to query the vehicle to be checked via its vehicle transceiver. If the vehicle has properly paid its fees, this is displayed in the control vehicle KFZ on a display device ANZ, whereby the vehicle type, the time and the last stations at which payment was made can be displayed along with the time. Vehicles that do not have an on-board device or for which no regular fee payment has been made can then, for example, be photographically recorded and / or immediately requested to pay.
In Fig. 3 ist schematisch ein Handgerät HG gezeigt.A hand-held device HG is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
Fig. 4 veranschaulicht schematisch eine Kontrollstation für statistische Zwecke. Die Kontrolleinrichtung ist hier im Straßenverlauf einer mehrspurigen Autostraße AS angeordnet und beispielsweise von zwei Infrarotbaken IRB und dem zugehörigen Steuergerät, der Steuervorrichtung STV gebildet. Für die Fahrzeugdetektion ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in jeder Spur ein Fahrzeugdetektor in Form einer Induktivschleife IS angeordnet, die ebenfalls mit der Steuervorrichtung STV verbunden ist. Dort können die Anzahl der Fahrzeuge, die bezahlt haben, und sämtliche Fahrzeuge, die über die Schleifen gefahren sind, ermittelt werden und daraus eine statistische Angabe erfolgen über Zahler und Nichtzahler.4 schematically illustrates a control station for statistical purposes. The control device is arranged here in the course of the road of a multi-lane car road AS and is formed, for example, by two infrared beacons IRB and the associated control device, the control device STV. In this exemplary embodiment, a vehicle detector in the form of an inductive loop IS is arranged in each lane for vehicle detection, which is also connected to the control device STV. There you can see the number of vehicles that have paid and all of them Vehicles that have driven over the loops are determined and a statistical information is given from them about payers and non-payers.
Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch angedeutet eine fest installierte automatische Kontrollstation, die ebenfalls zwei Infrarotbaken IRB aufweist, die links und rechts von der Autostraße AS angeordnet sind, und diese mit einem bestimmten Kommunikationsbereich KB ausleuchten. An denselben Masten können für die automatische Fahrzeugkontrolle Identifizierungs- und Registrierungseinrichtungen, ein oder zwei normale Videokamers NV, eine zusätzliche infrarotlichtempfindliche Videokamera zur reinen Lokalisierung der zahlenden Fahrzeuge sowie ein Verkehrsradargerät RD zur genauen Lokalisierung der Fahrzeuge angeordnet sein. Diese sind mit der Steuervorrichtung verbunden, wo die diversen Verarbeitungen, Korrelationen und Erfassungen durchgeführt werden, die hier nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung sind. Eine fest installierte Kontrollstation wird man im allgemeinen erst einrichten, wenn der Ausstattungsgrad der Fahrzeuge mit Bordgeräten hoch genug ist und keine allzu hohe Zahl von Nichtzahlern erfaßt und vom Videobild her ausgewertet werden müssen. Solche Stationen können an verengten Fahrbahnbereichen oder Autobahnausfahrten mit nur einer Fahrspur angeordnet sein, dann ist kein Fahrzeugdetektor in Form eines Radargerätes erforderlich. Bei einer mehrspurigen Ausführung ist dies, wie oben schon gesagt, erforderlich, um das jeweils richtige Fahrzeug zu detektieren, zu identifizieren und zu registrieren.Fig. 5 shows schematically indicated a permanently installed automatic control station, which also has two infrared beacons IRB, which are arranged to the left and right of the highway AS, and illuminate them with a certain communication area KB. Identification and registration devices, one or two normal video cameras NV, an additional infrared light-sensitive video camera for the pure localization of the paying vehicles and a traffic radar device RD for precise localization of the vehicles can be arranged on the same masts for automatic vehicle control. These are connected to the control device, where the various processing, correlations and acquisitions are carried out, which are not the subject of the invention here. A permanently installed control station will generally only be set up if the level of equipment of the vehicles with on-board equipment is high enough and not too high a number of non-payers has to be recorded and evaluated from the video image. Such stations can be arranged on narrow lane areas or motorway exits with only one lane, in which case a vehicle detector in the form of a radar device is not required. In a multi-lane version, as already mentioned above, this is necessary in order to detect, identify and register the correct vehicle.
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zahlstationen lediglich als Entwerterstationen (EWS) ausgebildet sind, die jeweils ein bestimmtes Benutzungsentgelt abbuchen und die erfolgten Abbuchungen der letzten Entwerterstationen (EWS) mit den erforderlichen Daten für eine Beweissicherung auf der Prozessor-Karte protokollieren, und daß unabhängige separate, stationäre oder/und mobile Kontrolleinrichtungen (KON) vorgesehen sind, die die einzelnen Fahrzeuge (FZ) im fließenden Verkehr abfragen und Nichtzahler ermitteln und registrieren.Control system for checking the toll payment of road users in an automatic toll collection system with payment stations on roads and correspondingly equipped vehicles, which have an on-board device and a communication device for wireless data exchange with a vehicle transceiver and an electronic user ticket in the form of a processor card,
characterized in that the payment stations are only designed as validation stations (EWS), each of which debit a certain usage fee and log the debits made by the last validation stations (EWS) with the necessary data for securing evidence on the processor card, and that independent, separate stationary or / and mobile control devices (KON) are provided, which query the individual vehicles (FC) in flowing traffic and determine and register non-payers.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Verwendung von an sich bekannten Infrarot-Lichtübertragungseinrichtungen die Entwerterstation (EWS) von einer oder mehreren Infrarotbaken (IRB) mit einer zugehörigen Steuervorrichtung (STV) gebildet ist, und daß die Kontroll- bzw. Abfrageeinrichtung (KON) von einer auf das zu kontrollierende Fahrzeug (FZ) ausgerichteten Infrarot-Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung (Infrarot-Kopf) mit zugehöriger Steuer- und Anzeigevorrichtung (ANZ) gebildet ist.Control system according to claim 1,
characterized in that when using infrared light transmission devices known per se, the validation station (EWS) is formed by one or more infrared beacons (IRB) with an associated control device (STV), and in that the control or interrogation device (KON) starts from one the vehicle to be checked (FZ) oriented infrared transmitting and receiving device (infrared head) with associated control and display device (ANZ) is formed.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Kontrolle zusätzlich eine infrarot-lichtempfindliche Videokamera (IRV) vorgesehen ist.Control system according to claim 2,
characterized in that an infrared light-sensitive video camera (IRV) is additionally provided for the control.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontroll- bzw. Abfrageeinrichtung (KON) als Handgerät (HG) ausgebildet ist.Control system according to claim 2,
characterized in that the control or interrogation device (KON) is designed as a hand-held device (HG).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontrolleinrichtung (KON) in einem Kontrollfahrzeug (KFZ) derart angeordnet ist, daß ein hinter dem Kontrollfahrzeug (KFZ) fahrendes Fahrzeug (FZ) bei hoher Fahrgeschwindigkeit und großem Fahrzeugabstand kontrollierbar ist.Control system according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the control device (KON) is arranged in a control vehicle (KFZ) in such a way that a vehicle (FZ) driving behind the control vehicle (KFZ) can be checked at high driving speed and a large vehicle distance.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß fest errichtete Kontrolleinrichtungen (KON) zusätzlich automatische Fahrzeugidentifizierungseinrichtungen (IRV, RD, NV) aufweisen.Control device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that fixed control devices (KON) additionally have automatic vehicle identification devices (IRV, RD, NV).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Datenaustausch zwischen den Fahrzeugen und den Entwerterstationen bzw. der Kontrolleinrichtung Mikrowellenübertragungseinrichtungen vorgesehen sind.Control devices according to claim 1,
characterized in that microwave transmission devices are provided for the data exchange between the vehicles and the validation stations or the control device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4310579A DE4310579A1 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1993-03-31 | Control system for checking the payment of fees by road users |
| DE4310579 | 1993-03-31 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0625767A2 true EP0625767A2 (en) | 1994-11-23 |
| EP0625767A3 EP0625767A3 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
| EP0625767B1 EP0625767B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
Family
ID=6484397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94103617A Expired - Lifetime EP0625767B1 (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1994-03-09 | Control system for checking fee payment for road users |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0625767B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0714037A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE196026T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4310579A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0625767T3 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR3034517T3 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT412923B (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2005-08-25 | Cit Alcatel | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE RETURNED MOTOR DUTY TRAVEL OF A VEHICLE |
| US7236103B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2007-06-26 | Efkon Ag | Infrared (IR) communication device for motor vehicles |
| DE102011056366B3 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-09-13 | Alfadynamics GmbH | Method for controlling vehicle such as motor vehicle, involves acknowledging and registering autonomous optical signal produced in series arrangement with activation of radio signals in display to checkpoint by photographing vehicle |
| US10001791B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-06-19 | Assa Abloy Ab | Setback controls based on out-of-room presence information obtained from mobile devices |
| US10050948B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-08-14 | Assa Abloy Ab | Presence-based credential updating |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4426292A1 (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-02-08 | Iav Gmbh | Electronic levying method for road use charges |
| DE4422418B4 (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 2008-03-27 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Procedure for the electronic collection of road tolls and for the control of their collection on road vehicles |
| DE10104502B4 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2013-02-07 | Compagnie Financière et Industrielle des Autoroutes (Cofiroute) S.A. | Control procedure for toll collection |
| WO2008048933A2 (en) | 2006-10-16 | 2008-04-24 | Assa Abloy Hospitality, Inc. | Centralized wireless network for multi-room large properties |
| CN103903308A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-02 | 成都衔石科技有限公司 | Vehicle-following driving automatic fare collection system |
| CN111292076B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-06-14 | 支付宝(杭州)信息技术有限公司 | Method, system and device for determining degree of congestion of public transport means |
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| WO1992015978A1 (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1992-09-17 | Ant Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh | Arrangement for locating objects and for exchanging data with these objects |
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-
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- 1993-03-31 DE DE4310579A patent/DE4310579A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-03-09 DK DK94103617T patent/DK0625767T3/en active
- 1994-03-09 EP EP94103617A patent/EP0625767B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-09 DE DE59409502T patent/DE59409502D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-09 AT AT94103617T patent/ATE196026T1/en active
- 1994-03-31 JP JP6083675A patent/JPH0714037A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
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- 2000-09-29 GR GR20000402207T patent/GR3034517T3/en unknown
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| US4303904A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-12-01 | Chasek Norman E | Universally applicable, in-motion and automatic toll paying system using microwaves |
| EP0298343A1 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-11 | Compagnie Generale D'automatisme Cga-Hbs | System for automatically reading identification data applied to a car |
| US4843463A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1989-06-27 | Michetti Joseph A | Land vehicle mounted audio-visual trip recorder |
| EP0380377B1 (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1994-10-12 | Urba 2000 | Electronic IC card payment system for public transport and services |
| EP0401192A1 (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1990-12-05 | de Baets, Thierry | Taxing or automatic toll system for road vehicles |
| US5166681A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-11-24 | Bottesch H Werner | Passive vehicle presence detection system |
| FR2667554A1 (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-04-10 | Parienti Raoul | Identification and anti-theft method for motor vehicles |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| AT412923B (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2005-08-25 | Cit Alcatel | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE RETURNED MOTOR DUTY TRAVEL OF A VEHICLE |
| US7236103B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2007-06-26 | Efkon Ag | Infrared (IR) communication device for motor vehicles |
| DE102011056366B3 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2012-09-13 | Alfadynamics GmbH | Method for controlling vehicle such as motor vehicle, involves acknowledging and registering autonomous optical signal produced in series arrangement with activation of radio signals in display to checkpoint by photographing vehicle |
| US10001791B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-06-19 | Assa Abloy Ab | Setback controls based on out-of-room presence information obtained from mobile devices |
| US10050948B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-08-14 | Assa Abloy Ab | Presence-based credential updating |
| US10606290B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2020-03-31 | Assa Abloy Ab | Controlling an operating condition of a thermostat |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0625767A3 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
| DE4310579A1 (en) | 1994-10-06 |
| DE59409502D1 (en) | 2000-10-05 |
| JPH0714037A (en) | 1995-01-17 |
| GR3034517T3 (en) | 2000-12-29 |
| DK0625767T3 (en) | 2000-12-18 |
| ATE196026T1 (en) | 2000-09-15 |
| EP0625767B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
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