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EP0612876A1 - Floor covering - Google Patents

Floor covering Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0612876A1
EP0612876A1 EP94810004A EP94810004A EP0612876A1 EP 0612876 A1 EP0612876 A1 EP 0612876A1 EP 94810004 A EP94810004 A EP 94810004A EP 94810004 A EP94810004 A EP 94810004A EP 0612876 A1 EP0612876 A1 EP 0612876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor covering
elevations
floor
needling
knobs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94810004A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0612876B1 (en
Inventor
Paul M. Eugster
Peter N. Schrackmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SETPOINT AG
Original Assignee
SETPOINT AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SETPOINT AG filed Critical SETPOINT AG
Publication of EP0612876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0612876A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0612876B1 publication Critical patent/EP0612876B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floor covering according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for its production and to the use of such a floor covering.
  • Floor coverings made of non-woven, textile fabrics are known in countless variants and embodiments. Likewise, various methods for producing such floor coverings and a wide variety of fields of application are known. A possible area of application for such floor coverings is tennis courts both indoors and outdoors, with additional requirements being placed on the flooring in the outdoor area.
  • a needle fleece designed as a sports floor covering is known.
  • the top of this sports floor covering is designed as a coarse-textured, loop-less needle felt. Rubber granules are introduced into and on this roughly structured upper side, so that such a floor covering can also be used as a tennis court covering.
  • When laying this sports floor covering is glued to the underlay on its relatively flat, flat underside.
  • a disadvantage of such a floor construction is that it can only be used in halls or covered areas, since in the event of a rain shower, the water does not run off can and the place is therefore unplayable for a long time.
  • a tennis floor covering is known from EP 0 216 953 A3, the upper side of which is structured in a rib-like or waffle-like manner with elevations and depressions for receiving granular granules. From the drawing shown in section in this document and the associated description, it follows that the back of this tennis floor covering is designed to correspond to the top. However, in the case of a rib-shaped as well as a waffle-like configuration of the underside, such a tennis floor covering is not suitable for use outdoors.
  • floor coverings are also known which have a multiplicity of grid-like plastic or latex knobs on their back.
  • Such knobs can improve the outflow of water under the floor covering, but a floor covering provided with such knobs has other disadvantages which make the use of this floor covering unsuitable as a tennis or sports field covering.
  • the plastic or latex knobs reduce that water permeable surface.
  • such knobs and the connection between the floor covering and the knobs have only a low shear and tear resistance and are subject in particular to a certain aging due to the large temperature differences occurring outdoors, as a result of which the aforementioned shear and tear resistance decrease even further.
  • such floor coverings are very expensive to manufacture, since the knobs must be applied in a separate operation and on a machine specially equipped for this purpose.
  • Another object of the invention is to design a floor covering such that it has good drainage, in particular for rain water, and that it is also long-term resistant and can withstand high mechanical loads.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a method for its production and a use for such a floor covering.
  • the floor covering In a preferred embodiment of the floor covering, it has a depression on the side opposite the elevations in the region of the elevations. This on the one hand increases the surface of the floor covering and on the other hand reduces its thickness in these areas. This helps to drain the water quickly from the top to the back of the flooring.
  • Another preferred form of training of the floor covering provides for the elevations to be arranged in columns and rows.
  • the installed floor covering has a networked duct system on its back so that water can drain off optimally.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically in a cross section a non-woven fabric formed as a floor covering 1.
  • the floor covering 1 is shown in an enlarged, not to scale section.
  • the floor covering 1 has elevations 4 in the form of ribs or velor, which complement one another to form a surface structure.
  • Such surface structures can take on a wide variety of tasks. If the floor covering 1 is to be used, for example, as a tennis court covering, this structure is used to hold granules. These and other tasks of such structures are known, which is why they are not dealt with in more detail here.
  • the floor covering 1 On its underside 3, the floor covering 1 has island-like and integrally formed knobs 5. These knobs 5 are preferably produced by needling and are by a Variety of individual fibers formed. The needling creates a depression 6 opposite the knobs 5. These depressions 6 on the one hand enlarge the surface of the floor covering 1 and on the other hand reduce the thickness of the floor covering 1 in the area of the knobs 5. This allows water falling on the floor covering 1 to pass through them more quickly flow in and out. The formation of the knobs 5 from individual, non-woven fibers also favors the rapid drainage of water. The direction of flow of the water through the floor covering 1 is indicated by arrows P.
  • the knobs 5 are preferably arranged in rows and columns, as shown in FIG. 2, the knobs 5 themselves being able to have a size of approximately 5 ⁇ 10 mm and a height of approximately 3 mm.
  • the distance between the knobs 5 is approximately 25 mm in the longitudinal direction of the knobs 5 and approximately 15 mm in the transverse direction. This information is only to be regarded as a guideline and can vary greatly depending on the expected load, type of load and location. Due to the relatively large distances between the individual knobs 5 and the space s remaining due to the height of the knobs 5, between the underside 3 of the floor covering and the actual sub-floor, the water can flow off quickly and without any appreciable resistance. It is irrelevant how and in which direction the underlay is inclined. To the floor covering 1 in the initial state to a distinctive appearance and to mark the side to be glued, the knobs 5 can also be highlighted in color compared to the rest of the flooring 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows in a highly simplified representation a longitudinal section through the starting material 10 for the floor covering and a first needle chair 11 of a structural needle machine.
  • the formation of a single elevation 4 in the form of a rib is shown in a snapshot.
  • the method for forming such ribs 4, which complement one another to form a surface structure, is explained below with reference to this figure. Since such methods are known, the following explanations are limited to the essentials.
  • the needle chair 11 itself essentially consists of a needle board 12 and a slatted frame 13 which has longitudinal slots 15 in the region of the elevations to be formed.
  • Six needles 14 lying in a row are shown on the needle board 12. It goes without saying that further rows of needles are arranged in planes parallel to the plane of the drawing, offset to the rear, but for the sake of clarity they are not shown here. In order to create a certain surface structure, the distance between the individual rows of needles can be different.
  • the arrangement of the needles 14 on the needle board 12 corresponds to the desired structure to be formed on the upper side of the starting material 10 or the floor covering.
  • the needles 14 themselves have on their front preferably a U-shaped notch, which has been omitted in the drawing for clarity.
  • a flat nonwoven is generally used as the starting material 10 for the floor covering.
  • This flat fleece 10 is provided with a surface structure in a known manner by the interaction of the needle board 12 and the slatted frame 13 in this first step.
  • the ribs 4 are formed by inserting the needles.
  • the flat nonwoven 10 is continuously moved forward in the direction of the arrow. This creates ribs 4 that are slightly longer than the distance between the two outermost needles.
  • the formation of the ribs 4 by means of needling creates recesses 7 on the side of the fleece opposite the formed ribs 4. Since a needle board 12 usually has several thousand needles 14, hundreds of ribs 4 are formed simultaneously.
  • needle boards 12 can also be used, which have several groups of rows of needles one behind the other.
  • FIG. 4 shows the second operation, to which the floor covering 1 formed according to the previous description is subjected. After retrofitting, this can be done both on the same structural needle machine as in the previous work step and on another similar or identical machine.
  • the floor covering 1 and a needle chair 11A consisting of a needle board 12A and a slatted base 13A can be seen in longitudinal section, the slatted base 13A again having longitudinal slots 15A in the region of the knobs to be formed.
  • the floor covering 1 is shown in this illustration, compared to FIG. 3, in a longitudinal section offset parallel to the plane of the drawing.
  • the needle board 12A Six needles 14A lying in series are drawn on the needle board 12A, which in turn have a U-shaped recess (not shown) on their front side, the distance between the individual needles 14A being the same as the distance between the respective start of two neighboring ones to be formed Knobs 5.
  • This needle board 12A also has further rows of needles in planes parallel to the plane of the drawing and offset to the rear.
  • the floor covering 1 formed from the flat fleece is rotated for this second work step, so that it comes to lie with the ribs 4 upwards, and the knobs 5 can thereby be formed on the side opposite the ribs 4.
  • knobs 5 are in turn formed by the interaction of the needle chair 12A with the slatted frame 13A, the formation of a single knob 5 being divided into six work steps.
  • the floor covering 1 is continuously moved in the direction of the arrow to carry out this method.
  • the needles 14A are inserted, there are individual ones Fibers from the upper area of the floor covering 1 are taken along by the needle and pulled down into the desired shape.
  • a single knob 5 is produced in six working steps by successively inserting the six individual needles 14A lying in series, the floor covering 1 being continuously transported between the insertion of the first, leftmost needle and the respective subsequent insertion of the next needle, in each case by the amount of the distance between two needles.
  • knobs 5 Due to the continuous transport of the floor covering 1 during the insertion of the needles 14A, an elongated configuration of the knobs 5 is achieved.
  • the needles 14A are shown at the beginning of the piercing process. Instead of six needles 14A for the formation of the knobs 5, any other number of needles can of course also be selected. In this case, the number of operations for forming a single knob is again adjusted to the number of needles.
  • This method in turn produces recesses 6 on the side of the floor covering 1 opposite the formed knobs 5. It goes without saying that several knobs 5 are also formed simultaneously in this method.
  • the two-sided treatment of the floor covering 1 After the two-sided treatment of the floor covering 1, it is impregnated, for example, by means of a back splash process. Care is taken to ensure that the water permeability of the floor covering 1 remains guaranteed.
  • the knobs 5 By forming the knobs 5 from individual fibers and the respective recesses 6 behind them, the outflow of water via the knobs 5 is also promoted.
  • a floor covering 1 designed in this way can be used in a wide variety of areas, but due to its very good drainage properties it is preferably used in areas with periodic wetness. For example, it is ideal as an outdoor tennis court surface. In order to keep the loads, in particular on the joints of the tennis players, within limits, granules can be introduced into and onto the top 2 of the floor covering provided with a structure.
  • such a floor covering 1 can also be used as a lawn carpet.
  • Floor covering 1 is also ideal as a dirt lock in a wide variety of areas.
  • such a floor covering 1 also has very good damping properties, which is reflected in a pleasant spring behavior when walking on the covering 1.
  • the floor covering 1 has to withstand higher mechanical loads, for example when used as a tennis court covering, so he or the knobs 5 is generally glued to the sub-floor. In the outdoor area, such a sub-floor usually has a slight slope.
  • the adhesive is applied in the form of a strip, in such a way that the grooves formed run parallel to the gradient of the underlay floor. As a result, the drainage properties of the floor covering 1 can be maintained.
  • such a floor covering 1 through the integral design of the knobs 5, has a very high wear resistance, in particular with regard to acting thrust and shear forces, with very good drainage properties at the same time.
  • the surface structure of the floor covering 1 can be chosen freely and adapted to individual needs.
  • the surface can be designed to receive granules, so that such a floor covering 1 is suitable as a tennis court covering, in particular for the outdoor area.
  • the floor covering 1 also has very pleasant damping properties.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)

Abstract

A floor covering (1) formed from a flat web has on its underside (3) knobs (5) which resemble islands and are made integral and which consist of a multiplicity of individual fibres. On its top side (2), the floor covering (1) preferably has a structure. The structures of the two sides (2, 3) are formed by means of needling. During the laying of the floor covering (1), the knobs (5) come to rest on the floor base. This results, on the under side (3) of the floor covering (1), in a channel system which is beneficial to a flow-off of water. A floor covering (1) designed in this way is preferably used in the open, for example as the covering of a tennis court, and granulate can be introduced into the depressions on the top side. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bodenbelag nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie auf ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und auf eine Verwendung eines solchen Bodenbelags.The invention relates to a floor covering according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for its production and to the use of such a floor covering.

Bodenbeläge aus nichtgewebten, textilen Flächengebilden sind in zahllosen Varianten und Ausführungsformen bekannt. Ebenso sind verschiedene Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Bodenbeläge sowie unterschiedlichste Einsatzgebiete bekannt. Ein mögliches Einsatzgebiet für solche Bodenbeläge sind Tennisplätze sowohl im Innen- wie auch im Aussen-Bereich, wobei im Aussen-Bereich noch zusätzliche Anforderungen an den Bodenbelag gestellt werden.Floor coverings made of non-woven, textile fabrics are known in countless variants and embodiments. Likewise, various methods for producing such floor coverings and a wide variety of fields of application are known. A possible area of application for such floor coverings is tennis courts both indoors and outdoors, with additional requirements being placed on the flooring in the outdoor area.

Aus der DE-31 29 837 A1 ist ein als Sportbodenbelag ausgebildetes Nadelvlies bekannt. Dieser Sportbodenbelag ist auf seiner Oberseite als grobstrukturiertes, schlingenloses Nadelvlies ausgebildet. In und auf diese grobstrukturierte Oberseite sind Gummigranulate eingebracht, so dass ein solcher Bodenbelag auch als Tennisplatzbelag eingesetzt werden kann. Beim Verlegen wird dieser Sportbodenbelag auf seiner relativ flachen, ebenen Unterseite mit dem Unterlagsboden verklebt. Nachteilig an einer solchermassen ausgestalteten Bodenkonstruktion ist, dass diese nur in Hallen oder an überdachten Stellen eingesetzt werden kann, da im Falle eines Regenschauers das Wasser nicht abfliessen kann und der Platz daher anschliessend für längere Zeit unbespielbar ist.From DE-31 29 837 A1 a needle fleece designed as a sports floor covering is known. The top of this sports floor covering is designed as a coarse-textured, loop-less needle felt. Rubber granules are introduced into and on this roughly structured upper side, so that such a floor covering can also be used as a tennis court covering. When laying this sports floor covering is glued to the underlay on its relatively flat, flat underside. A disadvantage of such a floor construction is that it can only be used in halls or covered areas, since in the event of a rain shower, the water does not run off can and the place is therefore unplayable for a long time.

Aus der EP 0 216 953 A3 ist ein Tennisbodenbelag bekannt, dessen Oberseite zur Aufnahme eines Korngranulats rippenförmig oder waffelartig mit Erhebungen und Vertiefungen strukturiert ist. Aus der in dieser Schrift im Schnitt dargestellten Zeichnung sowie der dazugehörigen Beschreibung ergibt sich, dass die Rückseite dieses Tennisbodenbelags korrespondierend zur Oberseite ausgebildet ist. Sowohl bei einer rippenförmigen wie auch bei einer waffelartigen Ausgestaltung der Unterseite eignet sich jedoch ein solcher Tennisbodenbelag nicht für den Einsatz im Freien.A tennis floor covering is known from EP 0 216 953 A3, the upper side of which is structured in a rib-like or waffle-like manner with elevations and depressions for receiving granular granules. From the drawing shown in section in this document and the associated description, it follows that the back of this tennis floor covering is designed to correspond to the top. However, in the case of a rib-shaped as well as a waffle-like configuration of the underside, such a tennis floor covering is not suitable for use outdoors.

Bei einer rippenförmigen Gestaltung der Unterseite sind keine Querverbindungen zwischen den einzelnen, durch die Rippen begrenzten Vertiefungen vorhanden. Dadurch besteht die Gefahr, dass ein Grossteil der so gebildeten Kanäle, beispielsweise durch Granulatkörner, Einschlüsse beim Verkleben, Unregelmässigkeiten und Toleranzen bei der Herstellung usw., verschlossen sind bzw. werden. Da Tennisplätze zudem auf unterschiedliche Arten und/oder in unterschiedlichen Richtungen geneigt sein können, wäre ein auf die Neigung des Tennisplatzes ausgerichtetes Verlegen des Bodenbelags unbedingt erforderlich. Wenn die Drainagekanäle jedoch der Neigung des Tennisplatzes entsprechend ausgerichtet werden müssen, kann es vorkommen, dass dadurch die Oberflächenstruktur nicht mehr in der vorgesehenen Richtung verläuft, und dass durch die Lauf-Bewegungen des Tennisspielers bzw. der Tennisspielerin ein unerwünschtes Anhäufen von Granulat in bestimmten Richtungen und in bestimmten Zonen erfolgen würde.With a rib-shaped design of the underside there are no cross-connections between the individual depressions delimited by the ribs. As a result, there is a risk that a large part of the channels formed in this way, for example due to granules, inclusions when gluing, irregularities and tolerances during manufacture, etc., will be closed. Since tennis courts can also be inclined in different ways and / or in different directions, it would be absolutely necessary to lay the floor covering in line with the inclination of the tennis court. However, if the drainage channels have to be aligned according to the inclination of the tennis court, this can happen the surface structure no longer runs in the intended direction, and that the tennis player's running movements would result in an undesirable accumulation of granules in certain directions and in certain zones.

Auch im Falle einer waffelartigen Ausbildung der Oberfläche bzw. der Rückseite des Bodenbelags ist keine ausreichende Drainage gewährleistet, da bei einer waffelartigen Ausbildung überhaupt keine durchgehenden Drainagekanäle auf der Rückseite vorhanden sind. Als weiterer Nachteil der beiden vorgängig erwähnten Ausführungsformen ist im Zusammenhang mit dem Ableiten von Wasser der hohe Verdichtungsgrad und die beträchtliche Dicke eines solchen Tennisbodenbelags anzusehen. Dadurch wird das Durchfliessen des Wassers von der Ober- zur Unterseite des Belags erschwert, so dass das Wasser während längerer Zeit auf der Oberfläche des Belags stehen bleibt.Even in the case of a waffle-like design of the surface or the back of the floor covering, adequate drainage is not guaranteed, since in the case of a waffle-like design there are no continuous drainage channels on the back. Another disadvantage of the two previously mentioned embodiments is the high degree of compaction and the considerable thickness of such a tennis floor covering in connection with the drainage of water. This makes it difficult for the water to flow through from the top to the bottom of the covering, so that the water remains on the surface of the covering for a long time.

Schliesslich sind noch Bodenbeläge bekannt, die auf ihrer Rückseite eine Vielzahl von rasterartig angeordneten Kunststoff- bzw. Latex-Noppen aufweisen. Durch solche Noppen kann zwar das Abfliessen des Wassers unter dem Bodenbelag verbessert werden, jedoch weist ein mit solchen Noppen versehener Bodenbelag andere Nachteile auf, die den Einsatz dieses Belages als Tennis- oder Sportplatzbelag ungeeignet erscheinen lassen. So verringern die Kunststoff- oder Latex-Noppen beispielsweise die wasserdurchlässige Oberfläche. Ausserdem weisen solche Noppen sowie die Verbindung zwischen dem Bodenbelag und den Noppen nur eine geringe Scher- und Reissfestigkeit auf und unterliegen insbesondere auch durch die im Freien vorkommenden grossen Temperaturunterschiede einer gewissen Alterung, wodurch die vorgängig erwähnte Scher- und Reissfestigkeit noch weiter abnimmt. Schliesslich sind derartige Bodenbeläge in der Herstellung sehr teuer, da die Noppen in einem separaten Arbeitsgang und auf einer speziell dafür ausgerüsteten Maschine aufgebracht werden müssen.Finally, floor coverings are also known which have a multiplicity of grid-like plastic or latex knobs on their back. Such knobs can improve the outflow of water under the floor covering, but a floor covering provided with such knobs has other disadvantages which make the use of this floor covering unsuitable as a tennis or sports field covering. For example, the plastic or latex knobs reduce that water permeable surface. In addition, such knobs and the connection between the floor covering and the knobs have only a low shear and tear resistance and are subject in particular to a certain aging due to the large temperature differences occurring outdoors, as a result of which the aforementioned shear and tear resistance decrease even further. Finally, such floor coverings are very expensive to manufacture, since the knobs must be applied in a separate operation and on a machine specially equipped for this purpose.

Es ist somit die Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Bodenbelag so auszubilden, dass dieser eine gute Drainage, insbesondere für Regen-Wasser, aufweist, und dass er ausserdem langzeitbeständig ist und hohen mechanischen Belastungen standhält. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie eine Verwendung für einen solchen Bodenbelag vorzuschlagen.It is therefore the object of the invention to design a floor covering such that it has good drainage, in particular for rain water, and that it is also long-term resistant and can withstand high mechanical loads. Another object of the invention is to propose a method for its production and a use for such a floor covering.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 beschriebenen Bodenbelag sowie das im Anspruch 9 beschriebene Verfahren zur Herstellung des Bodenbelags gelöst. Im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 14 wird schliesslich noch eine Verwendung für den Bodenbelag vorgeschlagen.This object is achieved by the floor covering described in the characterizing part of claim 1 and by the method for producing the floor covering described in claim 9. In the characterizing part of claim 14, use for the floor covering is finally proposed.

Dadurch, dass beim erfindungsgemässen Bodenbelag die Erhebungen integral aus dem Bodenbelag ausgeformt sind, ist gewährleistet, dass ein solcher Bodenbelag, im Gegensatz zu einem Bodenbelag mit nachträglich angebrachten Noppen, eine gute Langzeitbeständigkeit sowie eine hohe Verschleissfestigkeit, insbesondere auch in Bezug auf einwirkende Schub- und Scherkräfte, besitzt.The fact that the surveys in the flooring according to the invention are integrally formed from the floor covering, it is ensured that such a floor covering, in contrast to a floor covering with subsequently attached knobs, has good long-term resistance and high wear resistance, in particular also with regard to acting thrust and shear forces.

In einer bevorzugten Ausbildungsform des Bodenbelags weist dieser auf der den Erhebungen gegenüberliegenden Seite im Bereich der Erhebungen jeweils eine Vertiefung auf. Dadurch wird einerseits die Oberfläche des Bodenbelags vergrössert und andererseits dessen Dicke in diesen Bereichen reduziert. Dies hilft entscheidend mit, das Wasser schnell von der Oberseite auf die Rückseite des Bodenbelags abzuleiten.In a preferred embodiment of the floor covering, it has a depression on the side opposite the elevations in the region of the elevations. This on the one hand increases the surface of the floor covering and on the other hand reduces its thickness in these areas. This helps to drain the water quickly from the top to the back of the flooring.

Eine weitere, bevorzugte Ausbildungsform des Bodenbelags sieht vor, die Erhebungen in Kolonnen und Reihen anzuordnen. Dadurch weist der verlegte Bodenbelag auf seiner Rückseite ein vernetztes Kanalsystem auf, so dass Wasser optimal abfliessen kann.Another preferred form of training of the floor covering provides for the elevations to be arranged in columns and rows. As a result, the installed floor covering has a networked duct system on its back so that water can drain off optimally.

Im folgenden wird der erfindungsgemässe Bodenbelag anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch einen Teil des schematisch dargestellten Bodenbelags entlang der Linie A-A in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2
eine Rückansicht eines Teilbereichs des wiederum schematisch dargestellten Bodenbelags;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch den schematisch dargestellten Bodenbelag und einen ersten Nadelstuhl einer Strukturnadelmaschine; und
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch den schematisch dargestellten Bodenbelag und einen zweiten Nadelstuhl einer Strukturnadelmaschine.
The floor covering according to the invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. Show:
Fig. 1
a cross section through part of the schematically illustrated floor covering along the line AA in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2
a rear view of a portion of the floor covering, again shown schematically;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through the schematically illustrated floor covering and a first needle chair of a structural needle machine; and
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through the schematically shown flooring and a second needle chair of a structural needle machine.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch in einem Querschnitt ein als Bodenbelag 1 ausgebildetes, nichtgewebtes Flächengebilde. Der Bodenbelag 1 ist dabei in einem vergrösserten, nicht maßstäblichen Ausschnitt dargestellt. Auf der Oberseite 2 weist der Bodenbelag 1 Erhöhungen 4 in Form von Rippen oder Velours auf, die sich zu einer Oberflächenstruktur ergänzen. Solche Oberflächenstrukturen können verschiedenste Aufgaben übernehmen. Soll der Bodenbelag 1 beispielsweise als Tennisplatzbelag eingesetzt werden, so dient diese Struktur der Aufnahme von Granulat. Diese und weitere Aufgaben solcher Strukturen sind bekannt, weshalb hier nicht näher darauf eingegangen wird.Fig. 1 shows schematically in a cross section a non-woven fabric formed as a floor covering 1. The floor covering 1 is shown in an enlarged, not to scale section. On the top 2, the floor covering 1 has elevations 4 in the form of ribs or velor, which complement one another to form a surface structure. Such surface structures can take on a wide variety of tasks. If the floor covering 1 is to be used, for example, as a tennis court covering, this structure is used to hold granules. These and other tasks of such structures are known, which is why they are not dealt with in more detail here.

Auf seiner Unterseite 3 besitzt der Bodenbelag 1 inselartig angeordnete und integral ausgeformte Noppen 5. Diese Noppen 5 werden vorzugsweise durch Nadelung erzeugt und sind durch eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Fasern gebildet. Durch die Nadelung entsteht jeweils eine den Noppen 5 gegenüberliegende Vertiefung 6. Diese Vertiefungen 6 vergrössern zum einen die Oberfläche des Bodenbelags 1 und reduzieren zum anderen die Dicke des Bodenbelags 1 im Bereich der Noppen 5. Dadurch kann auf den Bodenbelag 1 fallendes Wasser schneller durch diesen hindurch- und abfliessen. Auch die Ausbildung der Noppen 5 aus einzelnen, nicht gewebten Fasern begünstigt ein schnelles Abfliessen von Wasser. Die Durchflussrichtung des Wassers durch den Bodenbelag 1 ist durch Pfeile P angedeutet.On its underside 3, the floor covering 1 has island-like and integrally formed knobs 5. These knobs 5 are preferably produced by needling and are by a Variety of individual fibers formed. The needling creates a depression 6 opposite the knobs 5. These depressions 6 on the one hand enlarge the surface of the floor covering 1 and on the other hand reduce the thickness of the floor covering 1 in the area of the knobs 5. This allows water falling on the floor covering 1 to pass through them more quickly flow in and out. The formation of the knobs 5 from individual, non-woven fibers also favors the rapid drainage of water. The direction of flow of the water through the floor covering 1 is indicated by arrows P.

Die Noppen 5 sind vorzugsweise, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, in Reihen und Kolonnen angeordnet, wobei die Noppen 5 selber eine Grösse von ca. 5 x 10 mm und eine Höhe von ca. 3 mm aufweisen können. Der Abstand zwischen den Noppen 5 beträgt in Längsrichtung der Noppen 5 gesehen etwa 25 mm und in Querrichtung gesehen etwa 15 mm. Diese Angaben sind lediglich als Richtwerte zu betrachten und können je nach voraussichtlicher Belastung, Belastungsart und Einsatzort stark variieren. Durch die relativ grossen Abstände zwischen den einzelnen Noppen 5 und dem, bedingt durch die Höhe der Noppen 5, zwischen der Bodenbelagsunterseite 3 und dem eigentlichen Unterlagsboden verbleibenden Zwischenraum s kann das Wasser schnell und ohne nennenswerten Widerstand abfliessen. Dabei ist es unerheblich, wie und in welche Richtung der Unterlagsboden geneigt ist. Um dem Bodenbelag 1 im Ausgangs-Zustand ein unverwechselbares Aussehen zu geben, und um die Seite, die verklebt werden soll, zu kennzeichnen, können die Noppen 5 ausserdem farblich gegenüber dem restlichen Bodenbelag 1 hervorgehoben werden.The knobs 5 are preferably arranged in rows and columns, as shown in FIG. 2, the knobs 5 themselves being able to have a size of approximately 5 × 10 mm and a height of approximately 3 mm. The distance between the knobs 5 is approximately 25 mm in the longitudinal direction of the knobs 5 and approximately 15 mm in the transverse direction. This information is only to be regarded as a guideline and can vary greatly depending on the expected load, type of load and location. Due to the relatively large distances between the individual knobs 5 and the space s remaining due to the height of the knobs 5, between the underside 3 of the floor covering and the actual sub-floor, the water can flow off quickly and without any appreciable resistance. It is irrelevant how and in which direction the underlay is inclined. To the floor covering 1 in the initial state to a distinctive appearance and to mark the side to be glued, the knobs 5 can also be highlighted in color compared to the rest of the flooring 1.

Fig 3. zeigt in stark vereinfachter Darstellung einen Längsschnitt durch das Ausgangsmaterial 10 für den Bodenbelag und einen ersten Nadelstuhl 11 einer Strukturnadelmaschine. Dabei ist in einer Momentaufnahme das Ausbilden einer einzelnen Erhöhung 4 in Form einer Rippe dargestellt. Anhand dieser Figur wird nachfolgend das Verfahren zur Ausbildung solcher Rippen 4, die sich zu einer Oberflächenstruktur ergänzen, erläutert. Da solche Verfahren bekannt sind, beschränken sich die nachfolgenden Ausführungen auf das wesentliche.FIG. 3 shows in a highly simplified representation a longitudinal section through the starting material 10 for the floor covering and a first needle chair 11 of a structural needle machine. The formation of a single elevation 4 in the form of a rib is shown in a snapshot. The method for forming such ribs 4, which complement one another to form a surface structure, is explained below with reference to this figure. Since such methods are known, the following explanations are limited to the essentials.

Der Nadelstuhl 11 selber besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Nadelbrett 12 und einem Lamellenrost 13, welcher im Bereich der auszubildenden Erhebungen Längsschlitze 15 aufweist. Am Nadelbrett 12 sind sechs in einer Reihe liegende Nadeln 14 eingezeichnet. Es versteht sich, dass in zur Zeichnungsebene parallelen, nach hinten versetzen Ebenen weitere Nadelreihen angeordnet sind, die der besseren Übersichtlichkeit wegen jedoch hier nicht dargestellt sind. Um eine gewisse Oberflächenstruktur zu erzeugen, kann dabei der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Nadelreihen unterschiedlich sein. Die Anordnung der Nadeln 14 auf dem Nadelbrett 12 entspricht der gewünschten, auf der Oberseite des Ausgangsmaterials 10 bzw des Bodenbelags auszubildenden Struktur. Die Nadeln 14 selber weisen auf ihrer Vorderseite vorzugsweise eine U-förmige Einkerbung auf, welche in der Zeichnung der besseren Übersichtlichkeit wegen jedoch weggelassen wurde.The needle chair 11 itself essentially consists of a needle board 12 and a slatted frame 13 which has longitudinal slots 15 in the region of the elevations to be formed. Six needles 14 lying in a row are shown on the needle board 12. It goes without saying that further rows of needles are arranged in planes parallel to the plane of the drawing, offset to the rear, but for the sake of clarity they are not shown here. In order to create a certain surface structure, the distance between the individual rows of needles can be different. The arrangement of the needles 14 on the needle board 12 corresponds to the desired structure to be formed on the upper side of the starting material 10 or the floor covering. The needles 14 themselves have on their front preferably a U-shaped notch, which has been omitted in the drawing for clarity.

Als Ausgangsmaterial 10 für den Bodenbelag wird im allgemeinen ein Flachvlies verwendet. Dieses Flachvlies 10 wird in diesem ersten Arbeitsgang, in bekannter Weise, durch das Zusammenwirken des Nadelbretts 12 und des Lamellenrosts 13 mit einer Oberflächen-Struktur versehen. Dabei werden durch das Einstechen der Nadeln die Rippen 4 augebildet. Während der eigentlichen Nadelung wird das Flachvlies 10 kontinuierlich in Pfeilrichtung vorwärts bewegt. Dadurch entstehen Rippen 4, die etwas länger sind als der Abstand der beiden äussersten Nadeln. Durch das Ausbilden der Rippen 4 mittels Nadelung entstehen, auf der den ausgebildeten Rippen 4 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Vlieses, Vertiefungen 7. Da ein Nadelbrett 12 üblicherweise mehrere tausend Nadeln 14 aufweist, werden Hunderte von Rippen 4 gleichzeitig ausgebildet. Natürlich können auch Nadelbretter 12 eingesetzt werden, die mehrere Gruppen von Nadelreihen hintereinander aufweisen.A flat nonwoven is generally used as the starting material 10 for the floor covering. This flat fleece 10 is provided with a surface structure in a known manner by the interaction of the needle board 12 and the slatted frame 13 in this first step. The ribs 4 are formed by inserting the needles. During the actual needling, the flat nonwoven 10 is continuously moved forward in the direction of the arrow. This creates ribs 4 that are slightly longer than the distance between the two outermost needles. The formation of the ribs 4 by means of needling creates recesses 7 on the side of the fleece opposite the formed ribs 4. Since a needle board 12 usually has several thousand needles 14, hundreds of ribs 4 are formed simultaneously. Of course, needle boards 12 can also be used, which have several groups of rows of needles one behind the other.

Aus der Fig. 4 ist der zweite Arbeitsgang ersichtlich, welchem der gemäss vorgängiger Beschreibung gebildete Bodenbelag 1 unterzogen wird. Dies kann, nach einem Umrüsten, sowohl auf derselben Strukturnadelmaschine wie beim vorgängigen Arbeitsgang, wie auch auf einer anderen gleichartigen bzw. identischen Maschine erfolgen. Aus dieser Darstellung ist, wiederum in stark vereinfachter Form und in einer Momentaufnahme, der Bodenbelag 1 sowie ein aus einem Nadelbrett 12A und einem Lamellenrost 13A bestehender Nadelstuhl 11A im Längsschnitt ersichtlich, wobei der Lamellenrost 13A im Bereich der auszubildenden Noppen wiederum Längsschlitze 15A aufweist. Der Bodenbelag 1 ist in dieser Darstellung, gegenüber der Fig. 3, in einem parallel zur Zeichnungsebene nach vorne versetzten Längsschnitt dargestellt. Am Nadelbrett 12A sind sechs in Reihe liegende Nadeln 14A eingezeichnet, welche auf ihrer vorderen Seite wiederum eine nicht eingezeichnete U-förmige Aussparung besitzen, wobei der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Nadeln 14A gleich gross ist wie der Abstand zwischen dem jeweiligen Anfang von zwei auszubildenden, benachbarten Noppen 5. Auch dieses Nadelbrett 12A weist in zur Zeichnungsebene parallelen und nach hinten versetzen Ebenen weitere Nadelreihen auf.4 shows the second operation, to which the floor covering 1 formed according to the previous description is subjected. After retrofitting, this can be done both on the same structural needle machine as in the previous work step and on another similar or identical machine. From this illustration is, again, strong Simplified form and in a snapshot, the floor covering 1 and a needle chair 11A consisting of a needle board 12A and a slatted base 13A can be seen in longitudinal section, the slatted base 13A again having longitudinal slots 15A in the region of the knobs to be formed. The floor covering 1 is shown in this illustration, compared to FIG. 3, in a longitudinal section offset parallel to the plane of the drawing. Six needles 14A lying in series are drawn on the needle board 12A, which in turn have a U-shaped recess (not shown) on their front side, the distance between the individual needles 14A being the same as the distance between the respective start of two neighboring ones to be formed Knobs 5. This needle board 12A also has further rows of needles in planes parallel to the plane of the drawing and offset to the rear.

Der aus dem Flachvlies gebildete Bodenbelag 1 wird für diesen zweiten Arbeitsgang gedreht, so dass er mit den Rippen 4 nach oben zu liegen kommt, und dadurch die Noppen 5 auf der den Rippen 4 gegenüberliegenden Seite ausgebildet werden können.The floor covering 1 formed from the flat fleece is rotated for this second work step, so that it comes to lie with the ribs 4 upwards, and the knobs 5 can thereby be formed on the side opposite the ribs 4.

Die Ausbildung dieser Noppen 5 erfolgt wiederum durch das Zusammenwirken des Nadelstuhles 12A mit dem Lamellenrost 13A, wobei das Ausbilden einer einzelnen Noppe 5 in sechs Arbeitsschritte aufgeteilt ist. Der Bodenbelag 1 wird zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens kontinuierlich in Pfeilrichtung vorwärts bewegt. Beim Einstechen der Nadeln 14A werden jeweils einzelne Fasern aus dem oberen Bereich des Bodenbelags 1 von der Nadel mitgenommen und nach unten in die gewünschte Form gezogen. Eine einzelne Noppe 5 wird in sechs Arbeitschritten durch aufeinanderfolgendes Einstechen der sechs einzelnen, in Reihe liegenden Nadeln 14A erzeugt, wobei zwischen dem Einstechen der ersten, äussersten linken Nadel und dem jeweiligen nachfolgenden Einstechen der nächsten Nadel der Bodenbelag 1 kontinuierlich weitertransportiert wird, und zwar jeweils um den Betrag des Abstandes zweier Nadeln. Durch das kontinuierliche Weitertransportieren des Bodenbelags 1 während des Einstechens der Nadeln 14A wird eine eine längliche Ausbildung der Noppen 5 erreicht. In dieser Darstellung sind die Nadeln 14A jeweils am Beginn des Einstechvorgangs dargestellt. Anstelle von sechs Nadeln 14A für das Ausbilden der Noppen 5 kann natürlich auch eine beliebige andere Anzahl von Nadeln gewählt werden. Die Anzahl der Arbeitsgänge zum Ausbilden einer einzelnen Noppe wird dann in diesem Fall wiederum der Nadelzahl angepasst.These knobs 5 are in turn formed by the interaction of the needle chair 12A with the slatted frame 13A, the formation of a single knob 5 being divided into six work steps. The floor covering 1 is continuously moved in the direction of the arrow to carry out this method. When the needles 14A are inserted, there are individual ones Fibers from the upper area of the floor covering 1 are taken along by the needle and pulled down into the desired shape. A single knob 5 is produced in six working steps by successively inserting the six individual needles 14A lying in series, the floor covering 1 being continuously transported between the insertion of the first, leftmost needle and the respective subsequent insertion of the next needle, in each case by the amount of the distance between two needles. Due to the continuous transport of the floor covering 1 during the insertion of the needles 14A, an elongated configuration of the knobs 5 is achieved. In this illustration, the needles 14A are shown at the beginning of the piercing process. Instead of six needles 14A for the formation of the knobs 5, any other number of needles can of course also be selected. In this case, the number of operations for forming a single knob is again adjusted to the number of needles.

Auf der den ausgebildeten Noppen 5 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bodenbelags 1 entstehen durch dieses Verfahren wiederum Vertiefungen 6. Es versteht sich, dass auch bei diesem Verfahren mehrere Noppen 5 gleichzeitig ausgebildet werden.This method in turn produces recesses 6 on the side of the floor covering 1 opposite the formed knobs 5. It goes without saying that several knobs 5 are also formed simultaneously in this method.

Nach erfolgter, beidseitiger Behandlung des Bodenbelags 1 wird dieser z.B. mittels Rückenpflatschverfahren imprägniert. Dabei wird darauf geachtet, dass die Wasserdurchlässigkeit des Bodenbelags 1 gewährleistet bleibt. Durch ein Ausbilden der Noppen 5 aus einzelnen Fasern und die jeweils dahinter liegenden Vertiefungen 6 wird das Abfliessen des Wassers über die Noppen 5 zudem begünstigt.After the two-sided treatment of the floor covering 1, it is impregnated, for example, by means of a back splash process. Care is taken to ensure that the water permeability of the floor covering 1 remains guaranteed. By forming the knobs 5 from individual fibers and the respective recesses 6 behind them, the outflow of water via the knobs 5 is also promoted.

Die Verwendung eines solchermassen ausgebildeten Bodenbelags 1 kann in den verschiedensten Bereichen erfolgen, wobei er jedoch durch seine sehr guten Drainage-Eigenschaften vorzugsweise in Bereichen mit periodisch auftretender Nässe eingesetzt wird. Beispielsweise eignet er sich vorzüglich als Tennisplatzbelag im Aussen-Bereich. Um die Belastungen, insbesondere auf die Gelenke der Tennispieler, in Grenzen zu halten, kann dabei in und auf die mit einer Struktur versehene Oberseite 2 des Bodenbelags 1 Granulat eingebracht werden.A floor covering 1 designed in this way can be used in a wide variety of areas, but due to its very good drainage properties it is preferably used in areas with periodic wetness. For example, it is ideal as an outdoor tennis court surface. In order to keep the loads, in particular on the joints of the tennis players, within limits, granules can be introduced into and onto the top 2 of the floor covering provided with a structure.

Im weiteren kann ein solcher Bodenbelag 1 jedoch auch als Rasenteppich eingesetzt werden. Auch als Schmutzschleuse in den verschiedensten Bereichen eignet sich der Bodenbelag 1 hervorragend. Es sind durchaus noch weitere Einsatzmöglichkeiten gegeben, so dass die vorgängig erwähnten Einsatzmöglichkeiten keine auschliesslichen Beispiele darstellen. Nebst den sehr guten Drainage-Eigenschaften weist ein solcher Bodenbelag 1 ausserdem sehr gute Dämpfungseigenschaften auf, was sich in einem angenehmen Federverhalten beim Beschreiten des Belags 1 bemerkbar macht.Furthermore, such a floor covering 1 can also be used as a lawn carpet. Floor covering 1 is also ideal as a dirt lock in a wide variety of areas. There are also other possible uses, so that the previously mentioned uses are not exclusive examples. In addition to the very good drainage properties, such a floor covering 1 also has very good damping properties, which is reflected in a pleasant spring behavior when walking on the covering 1.

Muss der Bodenbelag 1 höheren mechanischen Belastungen, beispielsweise beim Einsatz als Tennisplatzbelag, standhalten, so wird er bzw. die Noppen 5 im allgemeinen mit dem Unterlagsboden verklebt. Im Aussen-Bereich weist ein solcher Unterlagsboden dabei üblicherweise ein geringes Gefälle auf. Um die gute Drainage des Bodenbelags 1 zu unterstützen, wird der Kleber streifenförmig aufgetragen, und zwar so, dass die gebildeten Rillen parallel zum Gefälle-Gradienten des Unterlagsbodens verlaufen. Dadurch können die Drainage-Eigenschaften des Bodenbelags 1 aufrechterhalten werden.The floor covering 1 has to withstand higher mechanical loads, for example when used as a tennis court covering, so he or the knobs 5 is generally glued to the sub-floor. In the outdoor area, such a sub-floor usually has a slight slope. In order to support the good drainage of the floor covering 1, the adhesive is applied in the form of a strip, in such a way that the grooves formed run parallel to the gradient of the underlay floor. As a result, the drainage properties of the floor covering 1 can be maintained.

Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass ein solchermassen ausgebildeter Bodenbelag 1, durch die integrale Ausbildung der Noppen 5, eine sehr hohe Verschleissfestigkeit, insbesondere in Bezug auf einwirkende Schub- und Scherkräfte, bei gleichzeitig sehr guten Drainage Eigenschaften aufweist. Die Oberflächenstruktur des Bodenbelags 1 kann dabei frei gewählt und den individuellen Bedürfnissen angepasst werden. Beispielsweise kann die Oberfläche zur Aufnahme von Granulat ausgebildet sein, so dass sich ein solcher Bodenbelag 1 als Tennisplatzbelag, insbesondere für den Aussen-Bereich eignet. Schliesslich weist der Bodenbelag 1 zusätzlich zu den vorgängig genannten Vorzügen noch sehr angenehme Dämpfungseigenschaften auf.In summary, it can be said that such a floor covering 1, through the integral design of the knobs 5, has a very high wear resistance, in particular with regard to acting thrust and shear forces, with very good drainage properties at the same time. The surface structure of the floor covering 1 can be chosen freely and adapted to individual needs. For example, the surface can be designed to receive granules, so that such a floor covering 1 is suitable as a tennis court covering, in particular for the outdoor area. Finally, in addition to the advantages mentioned above, the floor covering 1 also has very pleasant damping properties.

Claims (18)

1. Nichtgewebter Bodenbelag (1), welcher auf derjenigen Seite (3), die auf dem Boden aufzuliegen bestimmt ist, Erhebungen (5) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erhebungen (5) inselartig ausgebildet und integral aus dem Bodenbelag (1) ausgeformt sind. 1. Non-woven flooring (1), which on the side (3) which is intended to lie on the floor, has elevations (5), characterized in that the elevations (5) formed island-like and integrally formed from the flooring (1) are. 2. Bodenbelag nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeweils in den einer einzelnen Erhebung (5) gegenüberliegenden Oberflächenbereichen des Bodenbelags (1) eine Vertiefung (6) eingelassen ist. 2. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case in the surface regions of the floor covering (1) opposite a single elevation (5), a recess (6) is let in. 3. Bodenbelag nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erhebungen (5) durch Nadelung ausgebildet sind. 3. Floor covering according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elevations (5) are formed by needling. 4. Bodenbelag nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erhebungen (5) in Reihen und Kolonnen angeordnet sind. 4. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations (5) are arranged in rows and columns. 5. Bodenbelag nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Erhebungen (5) farblich vom übrigen Bodenbelag (1) abheben. 5. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations (5) stand out in color from the rest of the floor covering (1). 6. Bodenbelag nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erhebungen (5) als Noppen ausgebildet sind, wobei die einzelnen Noppen (5) jeweils durch eine Vielzahl von einzelnen Fasern gebildet sind. 6. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations (5) are designed as knobs are, the individual knobs (5) are each formed by a plurality of individual fibers. 7. Bodenbelag nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Erhebungen (5) gegenüberliegende Seite (2) des Bodenbelags (1) eine durch Erhöhungen (4) gebildete Struktur aufweist. 7. Floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevations (5) opposite side (2) of the floor covering (1) has a structure formed by elevations (4). 8. Bodenbelag nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur als Depot-Zone für Granulat ausgebildet ist. 8. Floor covering according to claim 7, characterized in that the structure is designed as a depot zone for granules. 9. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bodenbelags nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, ausgehend von einem vorgenadelten Flachvlies (10), in mindestens einem Arbeitsgang die Oberseite des Flachvlieses (10) durch Nadelung strukturiert wird, und dass in einem weiteren Arbeitsgang die Erhebungen (5) auf der Unterseite des Flachvlieses (10) durch Nadelung ausgebildet werden. 9. A method for producing a floor covering according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, starting from a pre-needled flat fleece (10), the top of the flat fleece (10) is structured by needling in at least one operation, and that in a further operation Elevations (5) on the underside of the flat fleece (10) are formed by needling. 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einer Strukturnadelmaschine in einem ersten Arbeitsgang die Oberseite des Flachvlieses (10) durch Nadelung mittels zumindest eines Nadelbrettes (12) und eines Lamellenrosts (13) ausgebildet wird, dass anschliessend der so gebildete Bodenbelag (15) gedreht wird, so dass die ursprüngliche Oberseite nach unten zu liegen kommt, dass anschliessend das/die Nadelbrett(er) (12, 12A) und der/die Lamellenrost(e) (13, 13A) der auszubildenden Unterseite angepasst bzw. ausgetauscht werden, und dass danach die Erhebungen (5) auf der Unterseite des Bodenbelags (1) mittels Nadelung ausgebildet werden. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the top of the flat fleece (10) is formed by needling by means of at least one needle board (12) and a lamella grate (13) on a structure needle machine in a first operation, that the floor covering thus formed ( 15) is rotated so that the original top comes to lie down, then that the needle board (s) (12, 12A) and the slatted base (s) (13, 13A) are adapted or exchanged for the underside to be formed, and then the elevations (5) on the underside of the floor covering (1) be formed by means of needling. 11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nadelung zur Ausbildung der Erhebungen (5) von der den auszubildenden Erhebungen (5) gegenüberliegenden Seite des Bodenbelags (1) aus erfolgt. 11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the needling to form the elevations (5) from the elevations (5) to be formed opposite side of the floor covering (1). 12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine einzelne Erhebung (5) durch mehrmaliges Einstechen einer einzelnen Nadel (14) ausgebildet wird, wobei der Bodenbelag (1) während der Ausbildung dieser Erhebung(en) (5) kontinuierlich in einer Richtung bewegt wird. 12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a single elevation (5) is formed by repeatedly inserting a single needle (14), the floor covering (1) during the formation of this elevation (s) (5) is continuously moved in one direction. 13 Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vielzahl von Erhebungen (5) gleichzeitig ausgebildet werden. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that a plurality of elevations (5) are formed simultaneously. 14. Verwendung eines Bodenbelages, welcher nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 ausgebildet oder nach den Ansprüchen 9 bis 13 hergestellt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser in Bereichen eingesetzt wird, in denen periodischer Niederschlag bzw. Nässe auftritt. 14. Use of a floor covering, which is designed according to claims 1 to 8 or produced according to claims 9 to 13, characterized in that it is used in areas in which periodic precipitation or wetness occurs. 15. Verwendung eines Bodenbelages nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser als Tennisplatzbelag im AussenBereich eingesetzt wird. 15. Use of a floor covering according to claim 14, characterized in that it is used as an outdoor tennis court surface. 16. Verwendung eines Bodenbelages nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser als Aussen-Teppich, beispielsweise als Rasenteppich, eingesetzt wird. 16. Use of a floor covering according to claim 14, characterized in that it is used as an outside carpet, for example as a lawn carpet. 17. Verwendung eines Bodenbelages nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser als Schmutzfänger, beispielsweise in einer Schmutzschleuse, eingesetzt wird. 17. Use of a floor covering according to claim 14, characterized in that it is used as a dirt trap, for example in a dirt lock. 18. Verwendung eines Bodenbelags nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, wobei der Bodenbelag an den Erhebungen (5) auf einen ein Gefälle aufweisenden Unterlagsboden geklebt ist, und wobei die Klebschicht Längs-Rillen aufweist, die parallel zum Gefälle-Gradienten verlaufen. 18. Use of a floor covering according to one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the floor covering is glued to the elevations (5) on a sub-floor having a slope, and wherein the adhesive layer has longitudinal grooves which run parallel to the gradient gradient.
EP94810004A 1993-02-23 1994-01-05 Floor covering Expired - Lifetime EP0612876B1 (en)

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DE4305428A DE4305428C1 (en) 1993-02-23 1993-02-23 Flooring
DE4305428 1993-02-23

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EP0612876A1 true EP0612876A1 (en) 1994-08-31
EP0612876B1 EP0612876B1 (en) 1996-05-08

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EP (1) EP0612876B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE137818T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4305428C1 (en)

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US6677257B2 (en) 1999-12-24 2004-01-13 Milliken Industrials Limited Fabric for tennis ball covering and method for manufacturing the same

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DE10134934A1 (en) 2001-07-18 2003-02-20 Hp Chem Pelzer Res & Dev Ltd Flat-needled web used for carpet for floor coverings comprises natural and/or man-made fibres, and has a specified basis weight
DE102008030434B4 (en) * 2008-06-26 2010-06-10 Kramski Putter Gmbh Golf Game Pad
CN114470727A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-05-13 安徽师范大学 Multifunctional sports training ground

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6677257B2 (en) 1999-12-24 2004-01-13 Milliken Industrials Limited Fabric for tennis ball covering and method for manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59400256D1 (en) 1996-06-13
EP0612876B1 (en) 1996-05-08
ATE137818T1 (en) 1996-05-15
DE4305428C1 (en) 1994-07-28

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