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EP0608468B1 - Procédé pour la production d'une poudre métallique pour la fabrication des revêtements résistant à l'usure - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production d'une poudre métallique pour la fabrication des revêtements résistant à l'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0608468B1
EP0608468B1 EP93107907A EP93107907A EP0608468B1 EP 0608468 B1 EP0608468 B1 EP 0608468B1 EP 93107907 A EP93107907 A EP 93107907A EP 93107907 A EP93107907 A EP 93107907A EP 0608468 B1 EP0608468 B1 EP 0608468B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
hard particles
melt
prealloy
wear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93107907A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0608468A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich
Heinrich Prof. Dr. Kreye
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0608468A1 publication Critical patent/EP0608468A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0608468B1 publication Critical patent/EP0608468B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to processes for producing a metallic powder for the production of wear-resistant surface layers, the powder containing one or more transition metals, in particular predominantly nickel or iron, and chromium as an alloying element and additionally at least one metalloid, in particular boron, carbon, silicon or phosphorus , wherein a melt of a master alloy is produced, wherein the melt is cooled to form hard particles, and wherein the melt is atomized with a gas stream.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing wear-resistant surface layers by thermal spraying of a powder obtained by this production method.
  • the desired firmly adhering, dense and wear-resistant surface layer is only obtained with the layer materials mentioned in a second working step - the so-called melting - in which changes, in particular improvements, in this layer are caused by a second heating and melting of the layer material already on the workpiece can be achieved.
  • An important result of this melting in many applications is that particles of great hardness consisting of carbides, borides and / or silicides are formed in the applied layer or - more precisely - are separated from the layer material, which then result in hard particles embedded in the existing metal matrix. These hard particles make a significant contribution to the increase the wear resistance of the respective layer. They are therefore desirable, but, as described, cannot be produced without special treatment or a special production step.
  • EP-0 326 785 B1 discloses the production of a master alloy melt which, in addition to nickel, iron and chromium, additionally contains at least one of the elements boron, carbon, silicon or phosphorus.
  • the melt of the master alloy is solidified, whereby hard particles separate out.
  • a metal strip in which the hard particles are embedded in a metal matrix is produced by melt spinning, in which the melt is passed onto a rapidly rotating copper drum, where the melt solidifies rapidly and as a continuous band is thrown out.
  • the metal strip can be used to produce hard material powders, which are obtained by dissolving the metal matrix.
  • hard inclusions derived from the respective metalloid for example made of borides, carbides, silicides or phosphides, are already contained in the wettable powder granules. Further details on the formation of a suitable melt can be found, for example, in EP-0 326 785 B1.
  • pulverization of the remelted master alloy is accomplished by atomizing a melt strand of the master alloy with a gas stream. This can be done in detail, for example, using a method according to DE 35 29 217 C2 or DE 39 13 649 C2.
  • a powder produced according to the invention is particularly advantageous in which the embedded hard particles are present in a “relatively coarse distribution” - as defined in claim 2 or 3.
  • the object on which the invention is based, as far as the generation of wear-resistant surface layers is concerned by thermal spraying of a metallic powder obtained as described above, is achieved according to the invention in that the spray powder is applied by high-speed flame spraying and forms a layer without melting.
  • a spray powder of this type takes into account the fact that during the spraying process itself a sufficient but as short as possible heat input to the powder particles is carried out, to the result that the spraying process alone contains a material layer containing the advantageous hard particles to a suitable extent and at a favorable design is obtained.
  • the spraying on of such powders which can be produced particularly cheaply on the basis of nickel or iron, has two advantages: On the one hand, there are economic advantages because the melting process step is omitted, on the other hand, layers of these materials - or alloys thereof - can also be sprayed onto thermally sensitive base materials, for example onto aluminum materials. The structure and properties of thermally sensitive base materials would be adversely affected by the heat of the melting step required according to the prior art.
  • a particularly advantageous application of the method according to the invention is that spray particle speeds of more than 250 m / s, preferably more than 300 m / s, are used in high-speed flame spraying.
  • a melting step is no longer necessary.
  • Flame, arc, laser or plasma spraying can also be used with restrictions in conjunction with the spray powders described, but the process described is the cheapest.
  • the boundary conditions important here such as the energy input to the spray particles and the particle speed, can be regulated particularly well. Because it must be taken into account that the hard particles in the wettable powder grains must also be avoided during the spraying process itself.
  • melt compositions with 50 to 80% by weight of nickel or iron are suitable as a starting point. These melts are to be cooled appropriately for the separation of the desired metalloid hard particles and then to be melted again, the re-dissolving of the hard particles being largely avoided (cf. again EP-0 326 785 B1). Furthermore, a metallic powder is obtained from the pre-alloy melt prepared in this way by atomizing an outflowing melt strand with one or more gas jets, the desired hard particles now being contained in the individual powder grains. These hard particles can be composed of a number of different metalloid compounds, for example these can consist of CrB, CrB 4 , Cr 7 BC 4 , NiB, Ni 3 B, Ni 5 Si 2 , FeB, Fe 2 B.
  • a particularly advantageous application of the wettable powders for the formation of wear-resistant layers now consists in processing them with high-speed flame spraying.
  • a Ni spray powder formed approximately as described above with a grain size of 15 to 50 ⁇ m and hard particle inclusions of approx. 7 to 11 ⁇ m can, for example, with propane fuel gas and particle speeds of preferably over 300 m / s to a high-quality wear-resistant surface layer, in which an advantageous number of hard particles is present. This can be done in one operation. In this way, with the present invention with regard to nickel or iron surface layers containing hard particles, a considerable advantage is achieved over the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une poudre métallique pour la production de couches superficielles résistantes à l'usure, dans lequel la poudre contient un ou plusieurs métaux de transition, notamment en majeure partie du nickel ou du fer, et du chrome en tant qu'élément d'alliage, et en outre au moins un métalloïde, en particulier du bore, du carbone, du silicium ou du phosphore, dans lequel on prépare une masse fondue d'un alliage-mère,
    a) la masse fondue de l'alliage-mère est solidifiée par refroidissement et des particules dures contenant les métalloïdes se séparent pendant celui-ci,
    b) l'alliage-mère solidifié est refondu, ce qui évite au moins en partie que les particules dures repassent en solution,
    c) une billette de l'alliage-mère refondu est pulvérisé avec un courant de gaz, et la poudre est obtenue de cette façon.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'une poudre métallique selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les particules dures dans la poudre présentent une taille de plus de 3 µm, la taille de grains de la poudre dans son ensemble se situe entre une limite inférieure de 10 µm et une limite supérieure de 90 µm, et la proportion en volume des particules dures dans le grain total est comprise en moyenne entre 5 et 40 %.
  3. Procédé de fabrication d'une poudre métallique selon la revendication 2, dans lequel les particules dures dans la poudre présentent une taille de plus de 7 µm, la taille de grains de la poudre dans son ensemble se situe entre une limite inférieure de 15 µm et une limite supérieure de 50 µm, et la proportion en volume des particules dures dans le grain total de la poudre est comprise en moyenne entre 10 et 20 %.
  4. Procédé pour la production de couches superficielles résistantes à l'usure, par projection thermique d'une poudre métallique qui a été obtenue par un procédé de fabrication selon les revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la poudre projetée est appliquée par projection à la flamme à grande vitesse et forme une couche, sans que s'effectue une fusion.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel, lors de la projection à la flamme à grande vitesse, on ajuste des vitesses de particules de plus de 250 m/s, de préférence de plus de 300 m/s.
EP93107907A 1993-01-29 1993-05-14 Procédé pour la production d'une poudre métallique pour la fabrication des revêtements résistant à l'usure Expired - Lifetime EP0608468B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4302521A DE4302521A1 (de) 1993-01-29 1993-01-29 Metallisches Pulver für die Erzeugung von verschleißfesten Oberflächenschichten mittels einer thermischen Spritzmethode, Herstellungsverfahren und Spritzmethode dafür
DE4302521 1993-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0608468A1 EP0608468A1 (fr) 1994-08-03
EP0608468B1 true EP0608468B1 (fr) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=6479224

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93107907A Expired - Lifetime EP0608468B1 (fr) 1993-01-29 1993-05-14 Procédé pour la production d'une poudre métallique pour la fabrication des revêtements résistant à l'usure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0608468B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE141340T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4302521A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2090768T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5863618A (en) * 1996-10-03 1999-01-26 Praxair St Technology, Inc. Method for producing a chromium carbide-nickel chromium atomized powder
JP2006111929A (ja) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-27 Fujimi Inc 溶射用粉末、溶射方法及び溶射皮膜
DE102008014333B4 (de) * 2008-03-14 2012-05-03 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Verschleißfestes Bauteil
DE102008032042B3 (de) * 2008-07-08 2010-04-01 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Verschleißfeste Bauteile für Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102012018276A1 (de) * 2012-09-14 2014-05-15 Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh Verschleißschutzschicht für Kolbenringe
RU2644836C2 (ru) * 2015-05-05 2018-02-14 Публичное акционерное общество "Синарский трубный завод" (ПАО "СинТЗ") Способ обработки ниппельной части резьбового соединения насосно-компрессорной трубы

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4240824A (en) * 1979-10-04 1980-12-23 Scm Corporation Process of making nickel or cobalt powder with precipitates
US4853182A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-08-01 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Method of making metal matrix composites reinforced with ceramic particulates
CH676471A5 (fr) * 1988-02-01 1991-01-31 Sulzer Ag
DE68927463T2 (de) * 1989-12-27 1997-05-15 Toshiba Machine Co Ltd Herstellung einer rost- und verschleissfesten legierung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE141340T1 (de) 1996-08-15
DE59303439D1 (de) 1996-09-19
ES2090768T3 (es) 1996-10-16
EP0608468A1 (fr) 1994-08-03
DE4302521A1 (de) 1994-08-04

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