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EP0602529B1 - Lampe de décharge à haute pression ayant un récipient céramique de décharge - Google Patents

Lampe de décharge à haute pression ayant un récipient céramique de décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0602529B1
EP0602529B1 EP93119795A EP93119795A EP0602529B1 EP 0602529 B1 EP0602529 B1 EP 0602529B1 EP 93119795 A EP93119795 A EP 93119795A EP 93119795 A EP93119795 A EP 93119795A EP 0602529 B1 EP0602529 B1 EP 0602529B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
lamp according
sealing means
wires
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93119795A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0602529A2 (fr
EP0602529A3 (fr
Inventor
Hartmuth Bastian
Stefan Dr. Jüngst
Peter Wahrendorff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH filed Critical Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
Publication of EP0602529A2 publication Critical patent/EP0602529A2/fr
Publication of EP0602529A3 publication Critical patent/EP0602529A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0602529B1 publication Critical patent/EP0602529B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
    • H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a structure is known from high-pressure sodium lamps in which the ceramic discharge vessel consists of Al 2 O 3 , to which small additions of other oxides, in particular MgO, may be added.
  • a niobium tube is fitted as a passage in a ceramic stopper.
  • the particular suitability of niobium is based on the fact that its thermal expansion coefficient corresponds to a good approximation to that of Al 2 O 3 ceramic; for both materials it is approximately 8.10 -6 K -1 .
  • a high-pressure lamp is known from EP-PS 34 113, in which a relatively high power (for example 400 W) and the associated higher current load are taken into account by means of a larger power cross section of the current feedthroughs, in that each bushing consists of several niobium wires, each with a maximum diameter of 600 ⁇ m. In this way, harmful thermal stresses between the bushing and the end plug are avoided.
  • a high pressure lamp is known in which the discharge vessel is made of AlN.
  • Solid tungsten pins are used as bushings, because their expansion coefficient (5.10 -6 K -1 ) corresponds to that of AlN to a good approximation.
  • the use of tungsten also has the particular advantage that this material is resistant to the highly corrosive effects of metal halides, which may be used here as a filler additive. Niobium does not have this property.
  • a ceramic discharge vessel is known from DE-A 24 45 108, the ends of which are closed with plugs. Electrical supply lines are passed between the walls of the discharge vessel and stopper and hermetically sealed by means of melting ceramic.
  • the object of the invention is a high-pressure discharge lamp to create according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the sealing of the discharge vessel is improved and thereby the life of the lamp is extended.
  • This object is achieved by a high-pressure lamp with the characterizing features of claim 1. Particularly advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention has a discharge vessel made of Al 2 O 3 or another translucent ceramic, the coefficient of expansion of which, similar to Al 2 O 3, is approximately 8.10 -6 K -1 .
  • a discharge vessel made of Al 2 O 3 or another translucent ceramic, the coefficient of expansion of which, similar to Al 2 O 3, is approximately 8.10 -6 K -1 .
  • spinel MgAl 2 O 4
  • Y 2 O 3 can also be used.
  • the ceramic can also be doped with other substances, for example MgO.
  • the discharge vessel is generally elongated, in particular cylindrical or bulged. But it can also be bent in a U-shape. At both ends it is closed with sealing means, which are also made of a suitable ceramic material. Discharge vessel and sealant do not necessarily have to be made of the same material. However, it should be roughly coordinated with regard to the coefficient of expansion.
  • the sealing means is often a separate end plug, for example in the form of a cylindrical disk, which in particular can have a widened edge or projection which serves as a stop when fitting into the discharge vessel.
  • a separate end plug for example in the form of a cylindrical disk, which in particular can have a widened edge or projection which serves as a stop when fitting into the discharge vessel.
  • it can also be, for example, a suitably shaped integral end region of the discharge vessel.
  • the sealing principle according to the invention tries to take advantage of the corrosion resistance that some metals with a relatively low coefficient of expansion of approx. 4 - 5.10 -6 K -1 (especially tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium and their alloys) have, also for bonding with ceramic materials to be used, which have already proven to be particularly suitable for the production of discharge vessels for high-pressure lamps, in particular Al 2 O 3 .
  • the quality of the seal is primarily the material of the means for sealing, generally the end plug, because only this comes into direct contact with the implementation.
  • the material of the discharge vessel itself is also important.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that it is not possible per se to permanently connect two substances with different thermal expansion in a vacuum-tight manner when they are exposed to such large temperature fluctuations (approx. 800-1000 ° C.) as in the operation of a lamp.
  • large temperature fluctuations approximately 800-1000 ° C.
  • the comparison of the expansion coefficients only gives the relative expansion differences.
  • a second parameter of equally great importance, however, is the absolute value of the expansion differences. So make the dimensions of one seal partner as possible small, the relative expansion differences are no longer significant.
  • the current load of the bushing is taken into account by increasing the cross-sectional area of the bushing by arranging a plurality of wires parallel to one another.
  • up to nine or more wires can be used.
  • a particularly advantageous side effect when using multiple wires is the improved stabilization of the implementation.
  • the strand can be fused to form an electrode tip with a high heat capacity, in particular to form a spherical tip.
  • Tungsten is particularly suitable as a lead-through material for such an arrangement, since it is particularly heat-resistant.
  • a separate Electrode which first has to be connected to the feedthrough, can be omitted. The ball diameter of such an electrode tip can be adjusted over the length of the strand section melted back in an arc (generated by plasma torch or laser).
  • the bore is normally so narrow that a spherical electrode tip would not fit through it. For this reason, a loosely twisted wire bundle is first passed through the single hole in the end plug and sealed with a glass solder. A ball is only created at the electrode tip by applying an overcurrent. The filling takes place, for example, by means of a lateral bore in the wall of the discharge vessel.
  • An alternative is to start with the wire bundle insert into the bore of the end plug, which has not yet been inserted, and then shape or fasten the electrode tip.
  • both the gap between the end of the discharge vessel and the stopper and the hole in the stopper containing the wire bundle in the stopper are sealed by means of glass solder.
  • This technique can also be used if the end plug has multiple holes for individual wires or wire bundles.
  • the direct sintering technique can be used to seal individual wires in separate holes in the end plug, which has not yet been used. This technique works better the thinner the wire diameter.
  • the electrode tip can be braided into a strand and a ball tip can be formed or an electrode tip can be attached later.
  • This unit can then be inserted into the second, still open end of the discharge vessel, similarly to the last exemplary embodiment, when the filling process is complete.
  • the annular gap between the end plug and the end of the discharge vessel is then closed using a glass solder.
  • the use of glass solder is minimized so that the corrosive effect of the filling on the glass solder can be neglected.
  • Direct sintering in of the end plug in the end of the discharge vessel is also possible, while at the same time direct sintering in of the lead-through wires in the end plug.
  • there must again be a lateral one Filling hole can be created in the wall of the discharge vessel. This technique also allows multiple wires to pass through a separate hole if a special material with a reduced coefficient of expansion is used for the sealant.
  • the trick of assembling the sealant from several parts, in particular from a central part contacting the seal and a peripheral part which surrounds the central part, has proven particularly successful in terms of production technology.
  • This arrangement has advantages both when inserting the bushing and when sealing as well as when forming a strand.
  • the central part is expediently designed in particular as a multi-hole capillary, in which each wire is passed individually through a bore.
  • a separate central part simplifies handling when threading the wires.
  • the twisting of the wires in the area of the electrode tip can expediently only take place after threading, as can the formation of a ball on the electrode tip.
  • a decisive advantage is that the seal between the bushing and the central part can be made before it is installed in the end of the discharge vessel. In particular in the case of direct sintering, that is to say without glass solder, there is no need to take account of the discharge vessel and, above all, of the filling that may already be contained in the temperature load required for this during the sintering
  • a central part and in particular a multi-hole capillary also offer a particularly elegant solution for the problem of filling the discharge vessel because the the bore receiving the central part in the peripheral part can initially be used as a filling opening.
  • the first end of the discharge vessel is initially completely closed, while a filling opening is left at the second end, which is only closed after the evacuation and filling.
  • the multi-hole capillary can also have a hole which is superfluous compared to the number of wires and which can serve as a filling opening.
  • a metal halide discharge lamp with an output of 100 W is shown schematically in FIG. It consists of a cylindrical outer bulb 1 made of quartz glass which defines a lamp axis and which is squeezed 2 and base 3 on two sides.
  • the axially arranged discharge vessel 4 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is bulged in the middle 5 and has cylindrical ends 6. However, it can also consist of a cylindrical tube, for example. It is held in the outer bulb 1 by means of two power leads 7, which are connected to the base parts 3 via foils 8.
  • the power supply lines 7 made of molybdenum are welded to bushings 9, which are sintered directly into a ceramic end plug 10 of the discharge vessel, that is to say without soldering glass.
  • the end plugs are also made of Al 2 O 3 .
  • the discharge vessel is filled with mercury and metal halide additives.
  • the first bushing 9a is arranged at the first end 6a, which serves as the pump end when the lamp is filled. It consists of two molybdenum wires, each with a diameter of 220 ⁇ m, which are guided through two bores of the end plug 10a at a distance from one another. They hold an electrode 11 in the interior of the discharge vessel, consisting of an electrode shaft 12 made of tungsten and a spherical tip 13 formed at the discharge end.
  • the second bushing 9b is arranged at the second end 6b, which is designed as a blind end. It consists of a solid niobium pin, which is inserted 14 into the bore of the end plug 10b.
  • a filling bore 15 is provided near the pump end 6a, which is closed after filling by a glass solder or a ceramic ceramic 16. With this version, attention must be paid to the burning position in order to keep the corrosion small even when using a niobium bushing.
  • both ends 6a, 6b are equipped with the same multi-wire feedthrough, the burning position being irrelevant.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which a continuous, loosely twisted bushing 9a 'is passed through a bore in the ceramic end plug 10a. It consists of four individual wires, which are fused to a ball 13 at the tip. The bushing 9a 'is melted into the bore by means of glass solder 16'. The end plug 10a is in turn melted into the end 6a of the discharge vessel by means of glass solder 16 ′′. A separate filling hole in the side wall as in FIG. 1 can be omitted, since the end plug 10a is only inserted into the discharge vessel 6a after the discharge end has been evacuated and filled.
  • FIG. 3a Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3a. It is just a section, namely the area of one end 6.
  • the ceramic end plug 20 consists of two concentric parts, an outer peripheral part 21, which is shaped like a ring, and an inner central part 22 in the form of a cylindrical four-hole capillary with an outer diameter of 1.2 mm. Both parts consist of pure Al 2 0 3 .
  • Four tungsten wires 23, each with a diameter of 100 ⁇ m, are passed through the four bores in the capillary, each with an inner hole diameter of 200 ⁇ m. They are twisted into a strand 24 in the interior of the discharge vessel, which is fused at the tip to a ball 25 of approximately 700 ⁇ m in diameter. This bushing is suitable for currents of approx. 1.2 A.
  • FIG. 3b shows a top view of the capillary 22 with the wires 23.
  • the ends of the wires 23 are surrounded by a niobium coil 27 on the outside 26 of the end plug.
  • a conical end part 28 made of niobium is fitted into the coil 27 so that it clamps the wires 23 on the inside of the coil 27.
  • the central part 22 is generously sealed by means of glass solder 29 in the peripheral part 21, the wires 23 in the bores of the central part 22 also being sealed by the glass solder 29.
  • the niobium coil 27 is also attached to the outside 26 of the end plug by the glass solder 29.
  • the sealing of one end of the discharge vessel with a bushing according to FIG. 3a is explained in more detail in FIG. 3c.
  • the wires 23 are threaded into the bores of the capillary 22 and on the discharge side Twisted end to a strand 24.
  • the electrode tip 25 is then formed by melting the strand back.
  • the niobium coil 27 is inserted over the wire ends 23 at the end of the capillary remote from the discharge.
  • the wire ends 23 are clamped in the helix 27 with the conical end part 28, which is fitted into the helix 27 from above (arrow).
  • the helix 27 is spread somewhat.
  • the end part 28 can have grooves 30 in the conical surface.
  • the preassembled electrode system 31 including the capillary 22 is inserted (FIG. 3d) into the central bore of the peripheral part 21 already connected to the end of the discharge vessel (arrow), the niobium coil 27, which advantageously projects somewhat laterally on the capillary 22, as a stop for the electrode system 31 can serve if it is positioned in the central plug bore before it melts.
  • a glass solder ring 32 is then placed on the outer surface 26 of the end plug 20 and the end 6 locally heated to such an extent that the glass solder 32 melts and runs into the cavities, thereby sealing the bores of the end plug and fixing the coil 27, as shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the coil 27 must be made of niobium or another metal with a coefficient of expansion similar to that of niobium, e.g. Tantalum, since otherwise it cannot be connected to the glass solder ring 32 without cracks.
  • FIG. 4 shows in cross section further exemplary embodiments of a multi-hole capillary 17, for example for a 150 W lamp.
  • a multi-hole capillary 17 for example for a 150 W lamp.
  • Current 1.8 A
  • eight wires 18 are sintered directly into eight holes in FIG. 4a.
  • the capillary 17 has an extra large bore 19 in the middle, which can be used to fill the discharge vessel. Accordingly, there is no need for a separate filling hole in the wall of the discharge vessel.
  • the hole 19 is closed after filling with glass solder or ceramic.
  • bundles 33 of three wires 34 each are guided in a bore 35 in the capillary 17.
  • the wires 34 are spaced apart.
  • the total of three bores 35 are sealed in a vacuum-tight manner by means of glass solder 36, so that each individual wire 34 is surrounded by glass solder 36.
  • bundles 37 of four wires 38 each are guided in a bore 39 of the capillary 17 and sintered there directly.
  • the end plug or at least the capillary can contain up to 40% additives (eg tungsten) in addition to the basic ceramic matrix (Al 2 O 3 ). Because of the lower relative expansion difference, it can then be accepted that a plurality of wires 38 are arranged directly next to one another in a bore 39.
  • the bore 39 is then advantageously adapted to the cross section of the wire bundle. In the case of a bundle of four wires, a cloverleaf-like cross section of the bore 39 is therefore used.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown.
  • it can be advantageous to let the capillary protrude somewhat at the end of the end plug on the discharge side, since this improves the ignition and operating behavior of the lamp. Any condensate from filling components then only wets the protruding collar of the capillary, but not the bushing.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Lampe à décharge à haute pression comportant une enceinte (4) de décharge en céramique transparente, qui enferme une atmosphère produisant de la lumière, l'enceinte (4) de décharge comportant deux extrémités (6a, 6b), qui sont fermées par des moyens (10) d'étanchéité en céramique, une traversée (9) conductrice de l'électricité, qui relie une électrode (11), située à l'intérieur de l'enceinte de décharge, à un conducteur électrique extérieur d'amenée, passant de manière étanche au vide dans ce moyen, caractérisée par les dispositions suivantes:
    - au moins les moyens d'étanchéité sont en Al2O3, en Y2O3, en MgAl2O4 ou en leurs composés,
    - au moins à l'une des deux extrémités (6) de l'enceinte de décharge, la traversée (9) est en un métal dont le coefficient de dilatation thermique est considérablement inférieur à celui du moyen d'étanchéité en céramique,
    - cette traversée (9) est constituée au moins de deux, de préférence de plusieurs, fils (23) métalliques fins ou de broches fines ayant un diamètre au plus de 250 µm.
  2. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la traversée (9) est en tungstène ou en molybdène ou en rhénium ou en leurs composés.
  3. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les fils (23) métalliques individuels, ou les broches, passent séparément dans le moyen (10) d'étanchéité.
  4. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les fils (23) métalliques individuels, ou les broches, sont torsadés en un toron (24) au moins à l'intérieur de l'enceinte de décharge.
  5. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la traversée (9) est scellée par de la brasure (29) pour du verre ou directement frittée dans le moyen (10) d'étanchéité.
  6. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen (20) d'étanchéité est constitué de plusieurs pièces et comprend une pièce (22) tubulaire distincte qui entoure la traversée (9).
  7. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la pièce distincte est un capillaire (22) comportant plusieurs trous.
  8. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les extrémités extérieures des fils (23) métalliques ou des broches dépassant du moyen (20) d'étanchéité sont entourées d'un élément (27) élastique semblable à un anneau, une pièce (28) de fermeture conductrice de l'électricité, comportant une surface partielle conique, étant insérée dans l'élément élastique de manière que les extrémités extérieures des fils métalliques ou des broches soient bloquées mécaniquement entre l'élément (27) élastique et la pièce (28) de fermeture, et de manière à y assurer une liaison conductrice de l'électricité entre la traversée et la pièce de fermeture.
  9. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'élément (27) élastique est en niobium.
  10. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'élément élastique est un boudin (27).
  11. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité côté décharge du toron (24) est fondue en une pointe (25) d'électrode ayant une grande capacité thermique.
  12. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'atmosphère produisant de la lumière contient des halogénures métalliques.
  13. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'étanchéité, ou au moins une de ses pièces, contient jusqu'à 40 % d'additifs.
EP93119795A 1992-12-14 1993-12-08 Lampe de décharge à haute pression ayant un récipient céramique de décharge Expired - Lifetime EP0602529B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4242123 1992-12-14
DE4242123A DE4242123A1 (de) 1992-12-14 1992-12-14 Hochdruckentladungslampe mit einem keramischen Entladungsgefäß

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0602529A2 EP0602529A2 (fr) 1994-06-22
EP0602529A3 EP0602529A3 (fr) 1995-01-04
EP0602529B1 true EP0602529B1 (fr) 1997-03-12

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93119795A Expired - Lifetime EP0602529B1 (fr) 1992-12-14 1993-12-08 Lampe de décharge à haute pression ayant un récipient céramique de décharge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5455480A (fr)
EP (1) EP0602529B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06223785A (fr)
DE (2) DE4242123A1 (fr)

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JP3419275B2 (ja) * 1997-09-30 2003-06-23 ウシオ電機株式会社 放電ランプのシール方法
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EP1193734A4 (fr) * 2000-03-08 2006-06-28 Gs Yuasa Corp Lampe a decharge electrique
US6731066B2 (en) * 2001-02-23 2004-05-04 Osram Sylvania Inc. Ceramic arc tube assembly
DE10214777A1 (de) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Metallhalogenidlampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
US7604240B2 (en) * 2002-09-16 2009-10-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Capillary seal for a burn chamber
DE10244428A1 (de) * 2002-09-24 2004-06-17 Siemens Ag Elektrische Maschine mit einer Kühleinrichtung
US6774547B1 (en) 2003-06-26 2004-08-10 Osram Sylvania Inc. Discharge lamp having a fluted electrical feed-through
US6856079B1 (en) 2003-09-30 2005-02-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Ceramic discharge lamp arc tube seal
EP1886337A2 (fr) * 2005-05-19 2008-02-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe dotee d'elements de lampe constitues d'un alliage de molybdene
ITTO20050585A1 (it) * 2005-08-23 2007-02-24 Space Cannon Vh Srl Lampada a scarica, in particolare alimentata da corrente continua
US7511429B2 (en) 2006-02-15 2009-03-31 Panasonic Corporation High intensity discharge lamp having an improved electrode arrangement
DE102006024238A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe
CN101589448B (zh) 2006-12-20 2011-10-05 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 用于陶瓷金属卤化物灯的陶瓷燃烧器
DE102007045079A1 (de) * 2007-09-21 2009-04-02 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE102009012324A1 (de) 2009-03-09 2010-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine mit Wärmeumlaufkühlung
WO2014012575A1 (fr) 2012-07-16 2014-01-23 Osram Gmbh Lampe à décharge à haute intensité présentant une traversée étanchéifiée par du verre de soudure

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0602529A2 (fr) 1994-06-22
EP0602529A3 (fr) 1995-01-04
DE4242123A1 (de) 1994-06-16
US5455480A (en) 1995-10-03
DE59305754D1 (de) 1997-04-17
JPH06223785A (ja) 1994-08-12

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