EP0557794A1 - Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body - Google Patents
Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0557794A1 EP0557794A1 EP93102034A EP93102034A EP0557794A1 EP 0557794 A1 EP0557794 A1 EP 0557794A1 EP 93102034 A EP93102034 A EP 93102034A EP 93102034 A EP93102034 A EP 93102034A EP 0557794 A1 EP0557794 A1 EP 0557794A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- monopoles
- radials
- antenna
- monopole
- radial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
- H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
- H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
- H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
- H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to an antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body, which is set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths that differ by a factor of 2 and is equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength.
- the shorter wavelength is referred to as K below.
- the longer wavelength is denoted by L.
- the mobile radio works with electromagnetic waves in the decimeter range.
- Monopoly refers to a linear antenna track in or on the antenna pane, which can be a single pane or a compound pane.
- the antenna trace can, for example, be printed on and optionally galvanically reinforced or designed as a wire trace.
- a monopoly the length of which corresponds to a quarter of the wavelength, is generally referred to as a lambda quarter monopoly and in the context of the invention as an L / 4 monopoly or K / 4 monopoly.
- the transmission behavior and conversely the reception behavior of lambda quarter monopolies is characterized by a good omnidirectional characteristic and a relatively large vertical angle of elevation and is used in the mobile radio sector. It is known to work with L / 4 monopoles and K / 4 monopoles in the mobile radio sector.
- the L / 4 monopole and the K / 4 monopole are independent antennas which are not in an electron-conducting connection. They are operated separately.
- the L / 4 monopoly is switched on L-cellular, at K mobile radio the K / 4 monopoly.
- the inductive and / or capacitive interaction does not interfere, especially since there is no electronically conductive connection.
- the transmission characteristic (the same applies reciprocally to the reception characteristic) of a lambda quarter monopole is clearly defined for the arrangement of a lambda quarter monopole over an infinitely extensive, completely conductive surface (so-called earth).
- rod antennas are frequently used in which the motor vehicle body acts as earth and is connected directly as a ground.
- the earth is also simulated by radials tuned to the wavelength, which in turn interact inductively and capacitively with the metallic motor vehicle body.
- the radials are usually parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening. This has proven itself in terms of mobile radio technology.
- the independent arrangement and the independent antenna function of the two lambda quarter monopolies requires special measures and special connection measures (e.g. antenna switches) on the way to the transmitter or receiver, which is considerably annoying if the antenna disks are automatic in modern motor vehicle production to be assembled.
- Antenna disks for motor vehicles which have mutually electronically connected monopoles of different lengths for different wavelengths are also known (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 989), but without specifying radials. They are not suitable for mobile radio in duo band mode.
- the invention has for its object to further develop an antenna disk of the structure described at the outset and the intended purpose at the outset in such a way that it meets all requirements both on the transmission side and on the reception side.
- the feature b) states that the length of the k-radial is matched to the length of the K / 4 monopole and the length of the l-radial to the length of the L / 4 monopole, normally with monopoles arranged in a U-shape the l radial is oriented to the side of the L / 4 monopoly, the k radial is to the side of the K / 4 monopole.
- the l-radial can also be arranged on the side of the K / 4 monopole (correspondingly the k-radial on the L / 4 side). It is understood that the shield of the coaxial cable is connected at its device end to the device ground or to the motor vehicle body.
- the invention is based on the consideration that a circular opening in an infinitely extended, completely conductive plane itself works as an antenna (so-called generalized Babinet principle, cf. Sommerfeld “Optik", 1964, pages 177-179).
- This "hole antenna” shows in its plane a distinctive structure of the electrical or magnetic field strengths if the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening lie in the pronounced diffraction range, as is the case for the waves of mobile radio and for antenna disks usual motor vehicles is the case (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV / l, 1961, pages 460 - 465). All of this applies to the window openings of a metallic motor vehicle body in a modified manner, but has so far not been taken into account.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the monopoles (L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly) in the hole antenna, which is given by the window opening in the motor vehicle body, need to be adapted to the structure of the electromagnetic field strengths and that a special one Coupling to the "mass" is required, which is given by the motor vehicle body.
- the er. reaches the invention in the context of the combination of the features mentioned in that the distance between the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths and widths are chosen so that the shielding of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves and the radiation characteristics are optimized.
- the impedance can also be adapted to the coaxial cable. This adaptation or optimization can be determined by experiments without difficulty.
- the two monopoles of an antenna disk according to the invention do not adversely affect one another.
- the function can be explained as follows: In an antenna disk according to the invention, the two monopoles are connected in parallel. In the long band, the long monopoly is resonant, ie low-resistance, the short monopoly is too short and therefore capacitively high-resistance. As a result, the short monopoly does not work in the long band. In the short band, the long monopoly is too long, ie high-impedance.
- the monopolies can experience a capacitive shortening in a manner known per se. This can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular with regard to the long monopoly, namely through a T-shaped design.
- L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly are to be understood in the sense of antenna technology and include length tolerances with respect to the assigned wavelength of ⁇ 20%.
- the geometric length of the monopoles is shortened compared to the vacuum (air) quarter wavelength due to the presence of the dielectric glass panes.
- the shortening factor depends on the window opening and therefore on the geometry of the antenna pane, on the geometry of the monopoles and above all on the thickness of the glass panes used. It is typically 0.6-0.8.
- the optimization is particularly easy to achieve and is particularly pronounced if the l radial and the k radial have the length of the respectively assigned monopole.
- the l radial and the k radial can also be provided with a length which corresponds to (2n-l) times the length of the respectively assigned monopoly, n is an integer greater than or equal to one.
- the space between the monopoles has a width of approximately K / 20 or less than K / 20.
- the radials expediently have a width of at least K / 200.
- the width of K / 100 has also proven itself.
- the radials can be doubled.
- the antenna elements are particularly useful if the usual polarization of the electromagnetic waves of mobile radio is taken into account when the monopoles are arranged essentially vertically.
- the radials are advantageously arranged essentially horizontally.
- the radials In the embodiment as a windshield, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper edge of the windshield, in such a way that the monopoles point downward.
- the radials In the embodiment as a side window, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper and / or lower edge so that the monopoles each point to the opposite edge.
- the radials are expediently arranged on the lower edge, so that the monopolies point upwards.
- the antenna panes shown in the figures are to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body.
- the antenna discs are equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelengths.
- an L / 4 monopole 1 and a K / 4 monopole 2 are always connected in parallel and are arranged in a U-shaped or V-shaped manner with an electrically conductive connection at the base point 3.
- the L / 4 monopoly 1 is an l-radial 4
- the K / 4 monopoly 2 is assigned a k-radial 5, which run parallel to the metallic edge 6 of the window opening.
- the l-radial 4 is oriented to the side of the L / 4 monopole 1, the k-radial 5 to the side of the K / 4 monopole 2.
- the reverse arrangement can also be chosen.
- the core 8 of a coaxial cable 9 is connected via a connector 7.
- the shield 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is connected to the two radials 4, 5.
- the connecting piece 7 can be a soldered connection, a plug element or the like, the wave resistance of the connecting piece 7 preferably corresponding to that of the coaxial cable 9.
- the distance between the two radials 4, 5 from the metallic edge 6 of the window opening and their lengths and widths are selected so that the jacket 10 of the coaxial cable 9 is sufficiently free of jacket waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized.
- FIG. 2 illustrates modifications of the basic principle of an antenna disk according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 2d) that an L / 4 monopole 1 is additionally arranged and that the two L / 4 monopoles 1 are spread out in a V-shape. In this embodiment, the K / 4 monopoly 2 is located in the V-axis. Another embodiment can be seen in FIGS. 2e) and 2f). This clarifies that an additional K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged and that the two K / 4 monopolies 2 are spread out in a V-shape, the L / 4 monopole 1 being arranged in the V-axis here.
- Figure 2c shows that an additional L / 4 monopoly 1 parallel to the first and symmetrical on the K / 4 monopole 2 is arranged, the ends of the L / 4 monopoles 1 being connected.
- Figures 2b) and 2f) you can also see that the L / 4 monopoly 1 is capacitively shortened by a T-shaped design.
- FIG. 1 it can be seen that the l-radial 4 and the k-radial 5 have the length of the respectively assigned monopole 1 or 2. Reference has already been made to the permissible length tolerances and the usual shortening factors.
- FIG. 2 makes it clear that the radials 4, 5 can also be doubled. With regard to the spaces between the monopoles 1, 2 and the width of the radials 4, 5, reference is made to claims 7 to 9.
- FIG. 3 The orientation of the monopoles 1, 2 and radials 4, 5 in an antenna pane according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 3 an embodiment as a windshield or rear window 11 can be seen Monopolies 1, 2 point downwards.
- the radials 4, 5 are arranged at the upper and at the lower edge, while the monopoles 1, 2 point to the opposite edge.
- Figure 3d) shows the embodiment as a side window 13 with radials 4, 5 at the bottom, while the monopoles 1, 2 point upwards.
- the radials 4, 5 can also enclose an angle of less than 180 ° by running parallel to the pane edges converging in the corner.
Landscapes
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine in die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie einzusetzende Antennenscheibe, die für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb mit um etwa einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen eingerichtet sowie mit auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet ist. - Die kürzere Wellenlänge wird im folgenden mit K bezeichnet. Die größere Wellenlänge wird mit L bezeichnet.The invention relates to an antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body, which is set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths that differ by a factor of 2 and is equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelength. - The shorter wavelength is referred to as K below. The longer wavelength is denoted by L.
Der Mobilfunk arbeitet mit elektromagnetischen Wellen im Dezimeterbereich. Monopol bezeichnet eine lineare Antennenspur in oder auf der Antennenscheibe, die eine Einfachscheibe oder eine Verbundscheibe sein kann. Die Antennenspur kann beispielsweise aufgedruckt und gegebenenfalls galvanisch verstärkt oder als Drahtspur ausgeführt sein. Ein Monopol, dessen Länge einem Viertel der Wellenlänge entspricht, wird allgemein als Lambdaviertel-Monopol und im Rahmen der Erfindung als L/4-Monopol bzw. K/4-Monopol bezeichnet. Das Sendeverhalten und umgekehrt das Empfangsverhalten von Lambdaviertel-Monopolen ist durch eine gute Rundstrahlcharakteristik sowie einen relativ großen vertikalen Erhebungswinkel gekennzeichnet und wird im Mobilfunkbereich genutzt. Es ist bekannt, im Mobilfunkbereich mit L/4-Monopolen und K/4-Monopolen zu arbeiten.The mobile radio works with electromagnetic waves in the decimeter range. Monopoly refers to a linear antenna track in or on the antenna pane, which can be a single pane or a compound pane. The antenna trace can, for example, be printed on and optionally galvanically reinforced or designed as a wire trace. A monopoly, the length of which corresponds to a quarter of the wavelength, is generally referred to as a lambda quarter monopoly and in the context of the invention as an L / 4 monopoly or K / 4 monopoly. The transmission behavior and conversely the reception behavior of lambda quarter monopolies is characterized by a good omnidirectional characteristic and a relatively large vertical angle of elevation and is used in the mobile radio sector. It is known to work with L / 4 monopoles and K / 4 monopoles in the mobile radio sector.
Bei der aus der Praxis bekannten Antennenscheibe, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, sind der L/4-Monopol und der K/4-Monopol selbständige Antennen, die nicht in elektronenleitender Verbindung stehen. Sie werden separat betrieben. Bei L-Mobilfunk wird der L/4-Monopol geschaltet, bei K-Mobilfunk der K/4-Monopol. Die induktive und/oder kapazitive Wechselwirkung stört nicht, zumal eine elektronisch leitende Verbindung fehlt. Die Sendecharakteristik (entsprechendes gilt reziprok für die Empfangscharakteristik) eines Lambdaviertel-Monopols ist eindeutig definiert für die Anordnung eines Lambdaviertel-Monopols über einer unendlich ausgedehnten, vollkommen leitenden Fläche (sogenannte Erde). In der Praxis werden daher häufig Stabantennen eingesetzt, bei denen die Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie als Erde wirkt und direkt als Masse geschaltet ist. Im Mobilfunk bei Kraftfahrzeugen wird die Erde auch durch auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmte Radials simuliert, die ihrerseits induktiv und kapazitiv mit der metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie wechselwirken. Die Radials verlaufen in der Regel parallel zum metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung. Das hat sich mobilfunktechnisch bewährt. Die selbständige Anordnung sowie die selbständige antennentechnische Funktion der beiden Lambdaviertel-Monopole verlangt jedoch auf dem Weg zum Sender bzw. zum Empfänger besondere Maßnahmen und besondere anschlußtechnische Maßnahmen (z. B. Antennenweichen), was erheblich stört, wenn in der modernen Kraftfahrzeugfertigung die Antennenscheiben automatisch montiert werden.In the antenna disk known from practice, from which the invention is based, the L / 4 monopole and the K / 4 monopole are independent antennas which are not in an electron-conducting connection. They are operated separately. The L / 4 monopoly is switched on L-cellular, at K mobile radio the K / 4 monopoly. The inductive and / or capacitive interaction does not interfere, especially since there is no electronically conductive connection. The transmission characteristic (the same applies reciprocally to the reception characteristic) of a lambda quarter monopole is clearly defined for the arrangement of a lambda quarter monopole over an infinitely extensive, completely conductive surface (so-called earth). In practice, therefore, rod antennas are frequently used in which the motor vehicle body acts as earth and is connected directly as a ground. In mobile communications in motor vehicles, the earth is also simulated by radials tuned to the wavelength, which in turn interact inductively and capacitively with the metallic motor vehicle body. The radials are usually parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening. This has proven itself in terms of mobile radio technology. However, the independent arrangement and the independent antenna function of the two lambda quarter monopolies requires special measures and special connection measures (e.g. antenna switches) on the way to the transmitter or receiver, which is considerably annoying if the antenna disks are automatic in modern motor vehicle production to be assembled.
Zum Empfang von klassischen Kurzwellen, deren Wellenlänge wesentlich länger ist als die der elektromagnetischen Wellen des modernen Mobilfunks, ist es bekannt (GB 460 570, 1937), mit gekreuzten Linearantennen zu arbeiten, deren Kreuzarme beidseits des Kreuzungspunktes unterschiedlich lang sind und einerseits sowie andererseits des Kreuzes zur Resonanz mit entsprechenden Wellen im Kurzwellenspektrum als Lambdahalbe-Dipole ausgelegt sind. Sie werden nicht im Sinne der vorstehenden Ausführungen separat betrieben. Radials im Sinne der vorstehenden Definition sind hier nicht vorgesehen. Eine Übertragung auf, Antennenscheiben, die in Fensteröffnungen von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien einzusetzen und für den Mobilfunk bestimmt sowie bezüglich der Dipollänge der Wellenlänge des Mobilfunks anzupassen wären, führt nicht zum Erfolg. Antennenscheiben für Kraftfahrzeuge, die untereinander elektronisch leitend verbundene unterschiedlich lange Monopole für unterschiedliche Wellenlängen aufweisen, sind ebenfalls bekannt (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 989), jedoch ohne Spezifizierung von Radials. Sie sind nicht für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb geeignet.For the reception of classic short waves, the wavelength of which is considerably longer than that of the electromagnetic waves of modern mobile radio, it is known (GB 460 570, 1937) to work with crossed linear antennas, the cross arms of which are of different lengths on both sides of the crossing point and on the one hand and on the other hand Cross for resonance with corresponding waves in the shortwave spectrum are designed as lambda half-dipoles. They are not in the sense of The above statements are operated separately. Radials as defined above are not provided here. A transmission to antenna panes which are to be used in window openings of motor vehicle bodies and which are intended for mobile radio and which would have to be adapted to the wavelength of the mobile radio with regard to the dipole length does not lead to success. Antenna disks for motor vehicles which have mutually electronically connected monopoles of different lengths for different wavelengths are also known (JP A 62-43 905, US 47 49 989), but without specifying radials. They are not suitable for mobile radio in duo band mode.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Antennenscheibe des eingangs beschriebenen Aufbaus sowie der eingangs angegebenen Zweckbestimmung auf einfache Weise so weiter auszugestalten, daß sie sowohl sendeseitig als auch empfangsseitig allen Anforderungen genügt.The invention has for its object to further develop an antenna disk of the structure described at the outset and the intended purpose at the outset in such a way that it meets all requirements both on the transmission side and on the reception side.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist Gegenstand der Erfindung eine in die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie einzusetzende Antennenscheibe, die für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb mit um etwa einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen (L und K; L = 2 K) eingerichtet sowie mit auf die Wellenlänge abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet ist, wobei die Kombination der folgenden Merkmale verwirklicht ist: a) ein L/4-Monopol sowie ein K/4-Monopol sind elektrisch parallel geschaltet sowie U-förmig oder V-förmig mit elektronisch leitender Verbindung im Fußpunkt angeordnet; b) dem L/4-Monopol ist ein l-Radial, dem K/4-Monopol ist ein k-Radial zugeordnet, die in der Nähe des Fußpunkts miteinander verbunden sind und parallel zum metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung verlaufen; c) an den Fußpunkt ist über ein Anschlußstück die Seele eines Koaxialkabels angeschlossen; d) die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels ist mit den beiden Radials, verbunden, wobei der Abstand der beiden Radials vom metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung sowie ihre Längen l, k und Breiten so gewählt sind, daß die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist und die Strahlungscharakteristik optimiert ist. - Das Merkmal b) besagt, daß die Länge des k-Radials auf die Länge des K/4-Monopols und die Länge des l-Radials auf die Länge des L/4-Monopols abgestimmt ist, wobei normalerweise bei U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen das l-Radial zur Seite des L/4-Monopols, das k-Radial zur Seite des K/4-Monopols orientiert sind. Es kann aber auch das l-Radial auf der Seite des K/4-Monopols angeordnet sein (entsprechend das k-Radial auf der L/4-Seite). Es versteht sich, daß die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels an ihrem geräteseitigen Ende mit der Gerätemasse bzw. mit der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie verbunden ist.To achieve this object, the subject of the invention is an antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body, which is set up for mobile radio in duo-band operation with wavelengths which are different by a factor of 2 (L and K; L = 2 K) and with the wavelength coordinated monopolies, the combination of the following features being realized: a) an L / 4 monopole and a K / 4 monopole are electrically connected in parallel and arranged in a U-shape or V-shape with an electronically conductive connection at the base; b) the L / 4 monopoly is assigned an l-radial, the K / 4 monopoly is assigned a k-radial, which is nearby of the base are connected to each other and run parallel to the metallic edge of the window opening; c) the soul of a coaxial cable is connected to the base via a connector; d) the shielding of the coaxial cable is connected to the two radials, the distance of the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths l, k and widths being chosen so that the shielding of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves and the radiation characteristic is optimized . - The feature b) states that the length of the k-radial is matched to the length of the K / 4 monopole and the length of the l-radial to the length of the L / 4 monopole, normally with monopoles arranged in a U-shape the l radial is oriented to the side of the L / 4 monopoly, the k radial is to the side of the K / 4 monopole. However, the l-radial can also be arranged on the side of the K / 4 monopole (correspondingly the k-radial on the L / 4 side). It is understood that the shield of the coaxial cable is connected at its device end to the device ground or to the motor vehicle body.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erwägung, daß eine kreisförmige Öffnung in einer unendlich ausgedehnten, vollkommen leitenden Ebene selbst als eine Antenne arbeitet (sogenanntes verallgemeinertes Babinet'sches Prinzip, vgl. Sommerfeld "Optik", 1964, Seiten 177 - 179). Diese "Lochantenne" zeigt in ihrer ,Ebene eine ausgeprägte Struktur der elektrischen bzw. der magnetischen Feldstärken, wenn das Verhältnis der Wellenlänge der elektromagnetischen Wellen und der Durchmesser der Öffnung im ausgeprägten Beugungsbereich liegen, wie es für die Wellen des Mobilfunks und für Antennenscheiben üblicher Kraftfahrzeuge der Fall ist (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV/l, 1961, Seiten 460 - 465). Das alles gilt modifiziert für die Fensteröffnungen einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie, ist aber bisher nicht beachtet worden. Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß die Monopole (L/4-Monopol und K/4-Monopol) in der Lochantenne, die durch die Fensteröffnung in der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie gegeben ist, der Anpassung an die Struktur der elektromagnetischen Feldstärken bedürfen und daß eine besondere Ankopplung an die "Masse" erforderlich ist, die durch die Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie gegeben ist. Das er.reicht die Erfindung im Rahmen der Kombination der genannten Merkmale dadurch, daß der Abstand der beiden Radials vom metallischen Rand der Fensteröffnung sowie ihre Längen und Breiten so gewählt werden, daß die Abschirmung des Koaxialkabels ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist und die Strahlungscharakteristik optimiert ist. Überraschenderweise läßt sich dabei auch die Impedanz dem Koaxialkabel anpassen. Diese Anpassung bzw. Optimierung kann ohne Schwierigkeiten durch Versuche ermittelt werden. Das gilt auch für die Orientierung der Monopole und der Radials in der Fensteröffnung insgesamt. Überraschenderweise beeinträchtigen sich die beiden Monopole einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe nicht. Insoweit läßt sich die Funktion wie folgt erläutern: Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe sind die beiden Monopole parallelgeschaltet. Im langen Band ist der lange Monopol resonant, d. h. niederohmig, der kurze Monopol ist zu kurz und darum kapazitiv hochohmig. Folglich arbeitet der kurze Monopol im langen Band nicht. Im kurzen Band ist der lange Monopol zu lang, d. h. hochohmig. Durch die Parallelschaltung mit dem resonanten kurzen Monopol sowie die besondere Anordnung der beiden längen- und breitenangepaßten Radials ist das Gesamtgebilde adaptiert. Es versteht sich, daß im Rahmen der Erfindung die Monopole in an sich bekannter Weise eine kapazitive Verkürzung erfahren können. Das läßt sich insbesondere in bezug auf den langen Monopol auf einfache Weise, nämlich durch T-förmige Gestaltung erreichen. Es versteht sich fernerhin, daß die Ausdrücke L/4-Monopol und K/4-Monopol im Sinne der Antennentechnik zu verstehen sind und Längentoleranzen in bezug auf die zugeordnete Wellenlänge von ± 20 % umfassen. Die geometrische Länge der Monopole ist gegenüber der Vakuum(Luft-)Viertelwellenlänge wegen des Vorhandenseins der dielektrischen Glasscheiben verkürzt. Der Verkürzungsfaktor ist von der Fensteröffnung und daher von der Geometrie der Antennenscheibe, von der Geometrie der Monopole sowie vor allem von der Dicke der verwendeten Glasscheiben abhängig. Er liegt typischerweise bei 0,6 - 0,8.The invention is based on the consideration that a circular opening in an infinitely extended, completely conductive plane itself works as an antenna (so-called generalized Babinet principle, cf. Sommerfeld "Optik", 1964, pages 177-179). This "hole antenna" shows in its plane a distinctive structure of the electrical or magnetic field strengths if the ratio of the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves and the diameter of the opening lie in the pronounced diffraction range, as is the case for the waves of mobile radio and for antenna disks usual motor vehicles is the case (Handbuch der Physik, Band XXV / l, 1961, pages 460 - 465). All of this applies to the window openings of a metallic motor vehicle body in a modified manner, but has so far not been taken into account. The invention is based on the knowledge that the monopoles (L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly) in the hole antenna, which is given by the window opening in the motor vehicle body, need to be adapted to the structure of the electromagnetic field strengths and that a special one Coupling to the "mass" is required, which is given by the motor vehicle body. The er.reaches the invention in the context of the combination of the features mentioned in that the distance between the two radials from the metallic edge of the window opening and their lengths and widths are chosen so that the shielding of the coaxial cable is sufficiently free of sheathed waves and the radiation characteristics are optimized. Surprisingly, the impedance can also be adapted to the coaxial cable. This adaptation or optimization can be determined by experiments without difficulty. This also applies to the orientation of the monopolies and the radial in the window opening as a whole. Surprisingly, the two monopoles of an antenna disk according to the invention do not adversely affect one another. In this respect, the function can be explained as follows: In an antenna disk according to the invention, the two monopoles are connected in parallel. In the long band, the long monopoly is resonant, ie low-resistance, the short monopoly is too short and therefore capacitively high-resistance. As a result, the short monopoly does not work in the long band. In the short band, the long monopoly is too long, ie high-impedance. Through the parallel connection with the resonant short monopoly as well as the special one The arrangement of the two length and width-adapted radials is adapted to the overall structure. It is understood that in the context of the invention, the monopolies can experience a capacitive shortening in a manner known per se. This can be achieved in a simple manner, in particular with regard to the long monopoly, namely through a T-shaped design. It is further understood that the terms L / 4 monopoly and K / 4 monopoly are to be understood in the sense of antenna technology and include length tolerances with respect to the assigned wavelength of ± 20%. The geometric length of the monopoles is shortened compared to the vacuum (air) quarter wavelength due to the presence of the dielectric glass panes. The shortening factor depends on the window opening and therefore on the geometry of the antenna pane, on the geometry of the monopoles and above all on the thickness of the glass panes used. It is typically 0.6-0.8.
Im einzelnen bestehen mehrere Möglichkeiten der weiteren Ausbildung und Gestaltung. Insbesondere besteht die Möglichkeit, zusätzlich einen L/4-Monopol anzuordnen sowie die nunmehr zwei L/4-Monopole V-förmig gespreizt vorzusehen, wobei in der V-Achse der K/4-Monopol angeordnet ist. Umgekehrt kann man aber auch zusätzlich einen K/4-Monopol vorsehen sowie die beiden K/4-Monopole V-förmig spreizen, wobei hier in der V-Achse der L/4-Monopol angeordnet ist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es, bei der Ausführungsform mit U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen einen zusätzlichen L/4-Monopol parallel zum ersten und symmetrisch in bezug auf den K/4-Monopol anzuordnen, wobei die freien Enden der L/4-Monopole elektronisch leitend verbunden sind.There are several options for further training and design. In particular, it is possible to additionally arrange an L / 4 monopoly and to provide the now two L / 4 monopoles with a V-shape, the K / 4 monopole being arranged in the V-axis. Conversely, one can also provide a K / 4 monopoly and spread the two K / 4 monopoles in a V-shape, with the L / 4 monopoly arranged in the V-axis. It is within the scope of the invention to arrange an additional L / 4 monopole parallel to the first and symmetrical with respect to the K / 4 monopole in the embodiment with U-shaped monopoles, the free ends of the L / 4 monopoles being electronic are connected.
Die Optimierung ist besonders einfach zu erreichen und besonders ausgeprägt, wenn das l-Radial sowie das k-Radial die Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols aufweisen. Man kann aber auch das l-Radial sowie das k-Radial mit einer Länge versehen, die dem (2n-l)-fachen der Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols entspricht, n ganzzahlig größer oder gleich eins.The optimization is particularly easy to achieve and is particularly pronounced if the l radial and the k radial have the length of the respectively assigned monopole. However, the l radial and the k radial can also be provided with a length which corresponds to (2n-l) times the length of the respectively assigned monopoly, n is an integer greater than or equal to one.
Sehr vorteilhaft ist es im Sinne einer Optimierung bei der Ausführungsform mit U-förmig angeordneten Monopolen und Abwandlungen davon, wenn der Zwischenraum zwischen den Monopolen eine Breite von etwa K/20 oder kleiner als K/20 aufweist. Die Radials besitzen zweckmäßigerweise eine Breite von zumindest K/200. Auch die Breite von K/100 hat sich bewährt. Die Radials können verdoppelt werden.In the sense of an optimization in the embodiment with monopoles arranged in a U-shape and modifications thereof, it is very advantageous if the space between the monopoles has a width of approximately K / 20 or less than K / 20. The radials expediently have a width of at least K / 200. The width of K / 100 has also proven itself. The radials can be doubled.
Zu einem besonders großen Nutzen der Antennenelemente kommt man unter Berücksichtigung der üblichen Polarisierung der elektromagnetischen Wellen des Mobilfunks, wenn die Monopole im wesentlichen vertikal angeordnet sind.The antenna elements are particularly useful if the usual polarization of the electromagnetic waves of mobile radio is taken into account when the monopoles are arranged essentially vertically.
Andererseits sind die Radials für zweckmäßigerweise im wesentlichen horizontal angeordnet. In der Ausführungsform als Windschutzscheibe empfiehlt es sich, die Radials am oberen Rand der Scheibe anzuordnen, und zwar so, daß die Monopole nach unten weisen. In der Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe empfiehlt es sich, die Radials am oberen und/oder unteren Rand anzuordnen, so daß die Monopole jeweils zum gegenüberliegenden Rand weisen. In der Ausführungsform als Dreieckscheibe sind die Radials zweckmäßigerweise am unteren Rand angeordnet, so daß die Monopole nach oben weisen.On the other hand, the radials are advantageously arranged essentially horizontally. In the embodiment as a windshield, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper edge of the windshield, in such a way that the monopoles point downward. In the embodiment as a side window, it is advisable to arrange the radials on the upper and / or lower edge so that the monopoles each point to the opposite edge. In the embodiment as a triangular disk, the radials are expediently arranged on the lower edge, so that the monopolies point upwards.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung ausführlicher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung
- Fig. 1
- die Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe mit angedeuteter Kraftfahrzeugöffnung,
- Fig. 2
- mit den Teilfiguren a) bis f) besondere Ausgestaltungen für die Anordnung der Monopole und der Radials in einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe und
- Fig. 3
- mit den Teilfiguren a) bis d) verschiedene Ausführungsformen erfindungsgemäßer Antennenscheiben.
- Fig. 1
- the view of an antenna pane according to the invention with indicated motor vehicle opening,
- Fig. 2
- with the sub-figures a) to f) special configurations for the arrangement of the monopoles and the radial in an antenna disk according to the invention and
- Fig. 3
- with the sub-figures a) to d) different embodiments of antenna disks according to the invention.
Die in den Figuren dargestellten Antennenscheiben sind in die Fensteröffnung einer metallischen Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie einzusetzen. Insoweit besteht eine zwingende Zuordnung zwischen der Geometrie der Fensteröffnung und der Umfangsgeometrie der Antennenscheibe, die als ebene Scheibe oder gekrümmt ausgeführt sein kann. Die Antennenscheiben sind für den Mobilfunk im Duoband-Betrieb mit um einen Faktor 2 unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen L und K eingerichtet, wobei L = 2K ist. Die Antennenscheiben sind mit auf die Wellenlängen abgestimmten Monopolen ausgerüstet.The antenna panes shown in the figures are to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body. In this respect, there is an imperative assignment between the geometry of the window opening and the peripheral geometry of the antenna pane, which can be designed as a flat pane or curved. The antenna disks are set up for mobile radio in dual-band operation with wavelengths L and K different by a factor of 2, where L = 2K. The antenna discs are equipped with monopoles tuned to the wavelengths.
Aus einer vergleichenden Betrachtung der Figuren 1 bis 3 entnimmt man, daß stets ein L/4-Monopol 1 sowie ein K/4-Monopol 2 elektrisch parallel geschaltet sowie U-förmig oder V-förmig mit elektrisch leitender Verbindung im Fußpunkt 3 angeordnet sind. Dem L/4-Monopol 1 ist ein l-Radial 4, dem K/4-Monopol 2 ist ein k-Radial 5 zugeordnet, die parallel zum metallischen Rand 6 der Fensteröffnung verlaufen. Das l-Radial 4 ist zur Seite des L/4-Monopols 1 orientiert, das k-Radial 5 zur Seite des K/4-Monopols 2 hin. Es kann aber auch die umgekehrte Anordnung gewählt werden. An den Fußpunkt 3 ist über ein Anschlußstück 7 die Seele 8 eines Koaxialkabels 9 angeschlossen. Die Abschirmung 10 des Koaxialkabels 9 ist mit den beiden Radials 4, 5 verbunden. Das Anschlußstück 7 kann eine Lötverbindung, ein Steckelement oder dergleichen sein, wobei vorzugsweise der Wellenwiderstand des Anschlußstücks 7 demjenigen des Koaxialkabels 9 entspricht.From a comparative examination of FIGS. 1 to 3, it can be seen that an L / 4
Durch Doppelpfeile wurde angedeutet, daß der Abstand der beiden Radials 4, 5 vom metallischen Rand 6 der Fensteröffnung sowie ihre Längen und Breiten so gewählt sind, daß der Mantel 10 des Koaxialkabels 9 ausreichend mantelwellenfrei ist und die Strahlungscharakteristik optimiert ist.It was indicated by double arrows that the distance between the two
Die Figur 2 verdeutlicht Abwandlungen des in der Figur 1 dargestellten Grundprinzips einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe. Man entnimmt aus der Figur 2d), daß zusätzlich ein L/4-Monopol 1 angeordnet ist und daß die beiden L/4-Monopole 1 V-förmig gespreizt sind. In der V-Achse befindet sich bei dieser Ausführungsform der K/4-Monopol 2. Eine andere Ausführungsform erkennt man in den Figuren 2e) und 2f). Diese verdeutlicht, daß ein zusätzlicher K/4-Monopol 2 angeordnet ist und daß die beiden K/4-Monopole 2 V-förmig gespreizt sind, wobei hier in der V-Achse der L/4-Monopol 1 angeordnet ist. Die Figur 2c) zeigt, daß ein zusätzlicher L/4-Monopol 1 parallel zum ersten und symmetrisch auf den K/4-Monopol 2 angeordnet ist, wobei die Enden der L/4-Monopole 1 verbunden sind. In den Figuren 2b) und 2f) erkennt man fernerhin, daß der L/4-Monopol 1 kapazitiv durch eine T-förmige Gestaltung verkürzt ist. In der Figur 1 erkennt man, daß das l-Radial 4 sowie das k-Radial 5 die Länge des jeweils zugeordneten Monopols 1 bzw. 2 aufweisen. Auf die zulässigen Längentoleranzen und übliche Verkürzungsfaktoren wurde bereits verwiesen. Die Figur 2 macht deutlich, daß die Radials 4, 5 auch verdoppelt werden können. Bezüglich der Zwischenräume zwischen den Monopolen 1, 2 und der Breite der Radials 4, 5 wird auf die Patentansprüche 7 bis 9 verwiesen.FIG. 2 illustrates modifications of the basic principle of an antenna disk according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. It can be seen from FIG. 2d) that an L / 4
Die Orientierung der Monopole 1, 2 und Radials 4, 5 in einer erfindungsgemäßen Antennenscheibe verdeutlicht die Figur 3. In der Figur 3 erkennt man eine Ausführungsform als Windschutzscheibe oder Heckscheibe 11. Die Radials 4, 5 sind am oberen Rand der Scheibe 11 angeordnet, die Monopole 1, 2 weisen nach unten. Bei der Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe 12, die in den Figuren 3b) und 3c) verdeutlicht ist, sind die Radials 4, 5 am oberen bzw. am unteren Rand angeordnet, während die Monopole 1, 2 zum gegenüberliegenden Rand weisen. Die Figur 3d) zeigt die Ausführungsform als Seitenscheibe 13 mit Radials 4, 5 am unteren Rand, während die Monopole 1, 2 nach oben weisen. Bei Anordnung der Monopole 1, 2 in einer Scheibenecke können die Radials 4, 5 auch einen Winkel unter 180° einschließen, indem sie parallel zu den in der Ecke zusammenlaufenden Scheibenrändern verlaufen.The orientation of the
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4205851A DE4205851C2 (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1992-02-26 | Antenna pane to be inserted into the window opening of a metallic motor vehicle body |
DE4205851 | 1992-02-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0557794A1 true EP0557794A1 (en) | 1993-09-01 |
EP0557794B1 EP0557794B1 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
Family
ID=6452600
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93102034A Expired - Lifetime EP0557794B1 (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1993-02-10 | Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5406295A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0557794B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH06209205A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100300934B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE154472T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4205851C2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0866515A2 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. | Window glass antenna system |
WO2002021637A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-14 | Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha | 2-frequency antenna |
DE20219770U1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-01-15 | Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Car windscreen antenna has broadcast antenna wire and multiple wire combined earth radial and heater with capacitive coupling and stub tuning option |
WO2004082072A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Multirange antenna with terminal capacitance |
EP1564837A2 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-17 | Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. | Antenna and wireless communications device having antenna |
US6933899B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2005-08-23 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Motor and/or transmitting device |
EP1416579B1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2012-09-12 | Kia Motors Corporation | Integrated glass antenna for automobile |
Families Citing this family (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5644321A (en) * | 1993-01-12 | 1997-07-01 | Benham; Glynda O. | Multi-element antenna with tapered resistive loading in each element |
US5600339A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1997-02-04 | Oros; Edward A. | Antenna |
EP0808517A4 (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1998-05-13 | Megawave Corp | Window glass antenna |
JPH10513328A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1998-12-15 | メガウエイブ コーポレーション | TV antenna |
AU708520B2 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1999-08-05 | Ericsson Inc. | Printed monopole antenna |
US5709832A (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1998-01-20 | Ericsson Inc. | Method of manufacturing a printed antenna |
EP0829112B1 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1999-10-06 | Ericsson Inc. | Multiple band printed monopole antenna |
USD388097S (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-12-23 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Antenna for an automobile |
USD388099S (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-12-23 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Antenna for an automobile |
USD388098S (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-12-23 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Antenna for an automobile |
USD388096S (en) * | 1996-02-05 | 1997-12-23 | Harada Industry Co., Ltd. | Antenna for an automobile |
US5909195A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 1999-06-01 | Marconi Aerospace Systems Inc. | Antennas employing U-dipole elements |
US5917457A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 1999-06-29 | Marconi Aerospace Systems Inc. Advanced Systems Division | U-dipole radiating elements and antennas |
TW413968B (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-12-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Wideband microstrip antenna |
US6292150B1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2001-09-18 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Glass antenna device |
US6496152B2 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2002-12-17 | Jack Nilsson | Dual polarized antenna |
US7348933B2 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2008-03-25 | Wifi Plus, Inc. | Compact multi-polarized antenna for portable devices |
US6441791B1 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-08-27 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Glass antenna system for mobile communication |
TW538559B (en) * | 2001-07-18 | 2003-06-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Antenna device and mobile communications apparatus including the device |
DE10146439C1 (en) | 2001-09-20 | 2002-11-28 | Pilkington Automotive D Gmbh | Automobile antenna window panel has elongate dielectric slit between central conductive surface and metallic edge enclosing window panel |
DE20202334U1 (en) | 2002-02-14 | 2002-06-06 | FUBA Automotive GmbH & Co. KG, 31162 Bad Salzdetfurth | Automobile antennas |
JP3620044B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2005-02-16 | ソニー株式会社 | Unbalanced antenna |
JP3839393B2 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2006-11-01 | 電気興業株式会社 | Dual frequency antenna device |
US7236129B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2007-06-26 | Wifi-Plus, Inc. | Apparatus and method for a multi-polarized antenna |
US7138956B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2006-11-21 | Wifi-Plus, Inc. | Apparatus and method for a multi-polarized ground plane beam antenna |
US7030831B2 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2006-04-18 | Wifi-Plus, Inc. | Multi-polarized feeds for dish antennas |
US6903693B1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2005-06-07 | Plantronics, Inc. | Bifurcated inverted F antenna |
US20040108955A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-10 | Peter Sjoblom | Multiband antenna |
JP2004200772A (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-07-15 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Antenna device |
EP1593181A2 (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2005-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Antenna element and antenna module, and electronic equipment using same |
JP2004363675A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-12-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Antenna element and antenna module |
GB0321625D0 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2003-10-15 | Harada Ind Europ Ltd | Integrated antenna with coupled ground |
US7385561B2 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2008-06-10 | Galtronics Ltd. | Multiple monopole antenna |
JP4308786B2 (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2009-08-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | Portable radio |
FR2886468A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-01 | Thomson Licensing Sa | MONOPOLY ANTENNA |
US20070024510A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Lear Corporation | System and method for use in wireless communication employing multiple antennas |
US20070026897A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Lear Corporation | System and method for use in wireless communication employing antenna network |
US20070026898A1 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2007-02-01 | Lear Corporation | System and method for use in wireless communication employing multiple antennas |
TWM373007U (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-01-21 | Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd | Wide-band dipole antenna |
SG171489A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-29 | Sony Corp | An antenna and a method of manufacturing |
DE102012010694A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-11-08 | Daimler Ag | Antenna arrangement for vehicle, has electrically-conducting area forming counter weight for antenna and/or electrical mass for antenna amplifier, where area and antenna are arranged on or in vehicle pane |
KR101867444B1 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2018-06-14 | 후아웨이 디바이스 (둥관) 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Antenna apparatus and terminal |
US10243251B2 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2019-03-26 | Agc Automotive Americas R&D, Inc. | Multi-band antenna for a window assembly |
GB2605419B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-12-06 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Vehicle antenna radiator arrangement integrated with vehicle glazing |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2301291B2 (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1976-11-04 | Saint-Gobain Industries, Neuilly-Sur-Seine (Frankreich) | ANTENNA FOR RADIO RECEPTION LOCAL AND VHF AREA ARRANGED ON OR IN A VISUAL PANEL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
DE3732994A1 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-13 | Victor Menzlewski | Multiple antenna combination for the 23cm/70cm/2m and 6m VHF/UHF bands, having a central supply point (feed point) |
US4914447A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-04-03 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Antenna for mobile telephone on a glass panel of an automobile |
US5128685A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-07-07 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Wide-band antenna on vehicle roof glass |
EP0500380A1 (en) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-08-26 | Pilkington Plc | Antenna for vehicle window |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL45215C (en) * | 1934-04-28 | |||
US3971030A (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1976-07-20 | Saint-Gobain Industries | Antenna window |
US4138681A (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1979-02-06 | Motorola, Inc. | Portable radio antenna |
JPH032975Y2 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1991-01-25 | ||
JPS6243905A (en) * | 1985-08-22 | 1987-02-25 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Glass antenna for automobile |
DE3732944A1 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-13 | Thomson Brandt Gmbh | OPTICAL SCANNER |
DE3824417A1 (en) * | 1988-07-19 | 1990-01-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | VEHICLE DISC ANTENNA |
US5220336A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1993-06-15 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Vehicle window glass antenna for transmission and reception of ultrashort waves |
JP3171610B2 (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 2001-05-28 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Glass antenna for car phone |
US5264858A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1993-11-23 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Glass antenna for a telephone of an automobile |
FI89754C (en) * | 1990-08-01 | 1993-11-10 | Window Antenna Oy | Antenna |
JPH04132401A (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-06 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Glass antenna for vehicle |
JPH06243905A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1994-09-02 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Structure for terminal block |
-
1992
- 1992-02-26 DE DE4205851A patent/DE4205851C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-02-10 EP EP93102034A patent/EP0557794B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-10 AT AT93102034T patent/ATE154472T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-02-10 DE DE59306705T patent/DE59306705D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-24 US US08/025,365 patent/US5406295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-25 JP JP5036752A patent/JPH06209205A/en active Pending
- 1993-02-25 KR KR1019930002674A patent/KR100300934B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2301291B2 (en) * | 1972-01-14 | 1976-11-04 | Saint-Gobain Industries, Neuilly-Sur-Seine (Frankreich) | ANTENNA FOR RADIO RECEPTION LOCAL AND VHF AREA ARRANGED ON OR IN A VISUAL PANEL FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
US4914447A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-04-03 | Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. | Antenna for mobile telephone on a glass panel of an automobile |
DE3732994A1 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-13 | Victor Menzlewski | Multiple antenna combination for the 23cm/70cm/2m and 6m VHF/UHF bands, having a central supply point (feed point) |
US5128685A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-07-07 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Wide-band antenna on vehicle roof glass |
EP0500380A1 (en) * | 1991-02-22 | 1992-08-26 | Pilkington Plc | Antenna for vehicle window |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 227 (E-526)(2674) 23. Juli 1987 & JP-A-62 43 905 ( ASAHI GLASS ) 25. Februar 1987 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 35 (E-579)(2882) 2. Februar 1988 & JP-A-62 188 505 ( MITSUBISHI ) 18. August 1987 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0866515A2 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. | Window glass antenna system |
EP0866515A3 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-12-30 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. | Window glass antenna system |
AU728002B2 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 2001-01-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd. | Window glass antenna system |
WO2002021637A1 (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-03-14 | Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha | 2-frequency antenna |
US6933899B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2005-08-23 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Motor and/or transmitting device |
EP1416579B1 (en) * | 2002-10-31 | 2012-09-12 | Kia Motors Corporation | Integrated glass antenna for automobile |
DE20219770U1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-01-15 | Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Car windscreen antenna has broadcast antenna wire and multiple wire combined earth radial and heater with capacitive coupling and stub tuning option |
WO2004082072A1 (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Multirange antenna with terminal capacitance |
EP1564837A2 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-17 | Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. | Antenna and wireless communications device having antenna |
EP1564837A3 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2007-10-24 | Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. | Antenna and wireless communications device having antenna |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100300934B1 (en) | 2001-10-22 |
DE4205851A1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
ATE154472T1 (en) | 1997-06-15 |
EP0557794B1 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
KR930017739A (en) | 1993-09-20 |
DE59306705D1 (en) | 1997-07-17 |
US5406295A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
JPH06209205A (en) | 1994-07-26 |
DE4205851C2 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0557794B1 (en) | Glass antenna mounted into the window cutout of a metallic motorcar body | |
EP0594809B1 (en) | Radio antenna arrangement located next to vehicle window panes | |
DE10030467B4 (en) | Radio frequency antenna system for motor vehicles | |
DE69112174T2 (en) | Vehicle window antenna. | |
DE3315458C2 (en) | ||
DE10030489B4 (en) | Capacitive grounding system for VHF and UHF antennas | |
DE4318869C2 (en) | Radio antenna arrangement on the window pane of a motor vehicle and method for determining its wiring | |
EP0760537A2 (en) | Glass antenna for vehicle window | |
DE19922699C2 (en) | Antenna with at least one vertical radiator | |
EP3178129B1 (en) | Multi-structure broadband monopole antenna for two frequency bands in the decimeter wave range separated by a frequency gap, for motor vehicles | |
DE3631930A1 (en) | DISC ANTENNA FOR MOTOR VEHICLES | |
DE602004003171T2 (en) | Slice antenna system for vehicles | |
DE69824466T2 (en) | Window glass antenna system | |
EP0679318B1 (en) | Uhf-waveband radio-antenna assembly for vehicles | |
DE4237818C2 (en) | Window antenna for motor vehicles | |
DE4443596B4 (en) | Radio antenna on the window pane of a motor vehicle | |
DE3854298T2 (en) | VEHICLE ANTENNA. | |
EP1454381A1 (en) | Wide band slot cavity antenna | |
DE4324480C2 (en) | Antenna arrangement | |
DE10331213B4 (en) | Glass antenna for the LMK and diversified FM reception of mobile vehicles | |
EP0004001A1 (en) | Car window antenna for mounting a vehicle body | |
DE7623497U1 (en) | Antenna assigned to a pane for several wave ranges | |
DE3630519A1 (en) | Window pane antenna parallel to the window frame | |
DE19527304C1 (en) | Car window pane for reception of UHF radio waves | |
DE68921998T2 (en) | Motor vehicle antenna system. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19931007 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19950731 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 154472 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19970615 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59306705 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19970717 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19970717 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19980126 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19980226 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990210 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19990210 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990210 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20090106 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20090227 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20090217 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20101029 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100301 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100901 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100210 |