EP0554853A1 - Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie - Google Patents
Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0554853A1 EP0554853A1 EP93101659A EP93101659A EP0554853A1 EP 0554853 A1 EP0554853 A1 EP 0554853A1 EP 93101659 A EP93101659 A EP 93101659A EP 93101659 A EP93101659 A EP 93101659A EP 0554853 A1 EP0554853 A1 EP 0554853A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- platinum
- nickel
- electrode
- spark
- spark plug
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel platinum Chemical compound [Ni].[Pt] PCLURTMBFDTLSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003251 chemically resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- BBKFSSMUWOMYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Au] BBKFSSMUWOMYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spark plug with an insulator, a center electrode arranged in the insulator, a body arranged on the outside of the insulator and a body electrode attached to the body.
- the center electrode and / or the body electrode are usually formed from silver or nickel alloys or from a nickel-copper two-material material.
- Spark plugs with platinum electrodes as the center electrode and / or body electrode are also known.
- the object on which the invention is based is to provide a spark plug of the type mentioned at the outset, which is associated with lower costs despite a long service life.
- At least the central electrode or the body electrode is thus formed from a platinum-nickel fiber composite material, which reduces the need for platinum or a platinum alloy and thus leads to considerable cost savings.
- the electrodes of the spark plug are formed in that pieces or disks made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material are embedded in or attached to the spark-side end of the electrodes, which may otherwise consist of a conventional electrode material such as nickel-copper two-component, the platinum is protected from carburization.
- a peak response and field distortion between the nickel as magnetic and the platinum as non-magnetic material result in a lower response voltage. This means that the nickel is removed first and the platinum protrudes. Since platinum dissipates the heat even better than Nikkel, the nickel is additionally cooled, which leads to an overall longer service life.
- fiber composite material pieces or disks made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite are arranged at the ignition-side end of electrodes made of a base material such as nickel-copper two-component, there is a further saving in the high-cost platinum material.
- the nickel alloy can be a conventional spark plug nickel alloy, preferably with 1-4% silicon and 0.3% magnesium.
- Pipes made of nickel or a nickel alloy can also be provided, which are filled with the work function for the electrode-lowering substances such as metal oxides or semiconducting substances and are introduced into a platinum matrix and shaped until only thin nickel fibers are left.
- FIG. 4 shows a known spark plug with an insulator 5, a central electrode 1 arranged in the insulator and made of a nickel jacket and a copper core with a platinum-nickel insert, one on the outside body 6 arranged on the insulator 5 and a body electrode 3 made of Nikkel or Inconell or a nickel jacket, copper core with platinum-nickel disk, shown on the body 6.
- the center electrode is attached in the insulator 5 via a glass melt 7, optionally with interference suppression or erosion resistance.
- the air spark gap 8 is located between the body electrode and the center electrode 3, 5.
- 5, 5a, 5b show body electrode arrangements which are currently common with platinum or gold-palladium materials made of solid material. According to the invention, these can advantageously consist of a platinum-nickel fiber composite material.
- the basic design of the first exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 1 corresponds to the design of the known spark plug shown in FIG. 4 with the exception of the design of the center electrode 1 and the body electrode 3.
- the center electrode 1 has an insert 2 made of a platinum-nickel fiber composite material, which consists of a platinum matrix in which nickel fibers or nickel alloy fibers are embedded.
- This insert 2 can be embedded in an electrode made of conventional electrode base material such as nickel-copper two-component.
- a similar insert 4 made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be provided at the ignition-spark end of the body electrode 3.
- the inserts 2 and 4 can be attached to the electrode ends as disks or plates, for example welded on or embedded in them, for example tapped.
- the disks or plates can protrude in the direction of the spark path in front of the nickel body or center electrode 1, 3. If the fiber composite material is embedded in the electrode base material, there is the advantage that the platinum is embedded in addition to the ignition point and is protected against carburization with a rich mixture.
- one or more roof electrodes 3 with the corresponding inserts or shoulders 4 made of the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be provided as body electrodes.
- the fiber composite insert 4 has a fiber course in the ignition direction. The fibers can also run across the direction of ignition, provided that they are exposed on the surface.
- FIG 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the spark plug according to the invention, in which the central electrode 1 is provided with a fiber composite material insert 2 and a disk 4 made of the fiber composite material is provided on the body electrode 3.
- an electrode using a platinum-nickel fiber composite i.e. the center electrode or the body electrode in combination with a conventional counter electrode made of a nickel electrode material, i.e. a conventional nickel alloy with preferably 1 - 4% Si and 0.3% Mg, a nickel-copper two-substance electrode as a central or body electrode, a silver-copper two-substance electrode or a silver-nickel fiber composite electrode.
- Interference suppression or erosion resistors 7 with a wire-wound base or glass melting can also be provided.
- a spark area with a combination of air and sliding spark gaps leads to a reduction in the response voltage. If a shot chamber 10 is provided, improved insulator cleaning results.
- spark plug according to the invention it is possible to achieve a high electrode spacing and an acceptable response voltage despite a high compression. This results in further physical effects such as a peak effect and field distortion due to the combination of the non-magnetic and magnetic materials platinum and nickel.
- the fiber composite material made of nickel and platinum fulfills the demand for a lower electrode erosion rate, since it is an erosion-resistant and chemically resistant material, which enables a long service life of the corresponding spark plug.
- Both the platinum and nickel alloys are sufficiently resistant to erosion. Platinum only appears in a honeycomb shape on the erosion surface after several 100 hours of running time, namely over the entire fiber composite surfaces in the burning area of the sparks. Together with the field distortion at the separation points between the magnetic nickel and the non-magnetic platinum, this leads to increased peak effects, which applies both to the body electrodes and to the center electrodes of the spark plugs.
- additives that lower the work function such as Metal oxides and semiconductors that withstand the combustion chamber conditions can further reduce the response voltage.
- thin nickel tubes filled with such substances are used as inserts in the platinum matrix and worked over until the nickel is present as a thin fiber.
- the platinum-nickel fiber composite material can be in the form of a disk e.g. be tapped into a center electrode made of solid material, welded over the entire diameter, provided with the direction of the fibers in the axis and transverse to the axis, welded to the body electrode, i.e. welded on the face, or used as a rivet in a body electrode bore.
- platinum rods into a nickel matrix and to shape them until there are enough fine fibers of platinum. In the event of burning, platinum peaks appear over the more burning nickel matrix after a longer period of time.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4203251A DE4203251A1 (de) | 1992-02-05 | 1992-02-05 | Zuendkerze |
| DE4203251 | 1992-02-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0554853A1 true EP0554853A1 (fr) | 1993-08-11 |
| EP0554853B1 EP0554853B1 (fr) | 1995-06-07 |
Family
ID=6450991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93101659A Expired - Lifetime EP0554853B1 (fr) | 1992-02-05 | 1993-02-03 | Electrodes à matériaux composites fibreux pour bougie |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5510667A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0554853B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP3436556B2 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE4203251A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2073310T3 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1276189A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-16 | 2003-01-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Bougie d'allumage |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6533629B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2003-03-18 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Spark plug including a wear-resistant electrode tip made from a co-extruded composite material, and method of making same |
| JP2002033176A (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2002-01-31 | Denso Corp | スパークプラグおよびその製造方法 |
| JP4433634B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-29 | 2010-03-17 | 株式会社デンソー | コージェネレーション用スパークプラグ |
| US6614145B2 (en) | 2001-08-21 | 2003-09-02 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Two-piece swaged center electrode assembly |
| DE10331267A1 (de) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brennstoffeinspritzsystem |
| US7011560B2 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2006-03-14 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Spark plug with ground electrode having mechanically locked precious metal feature |
| US7049733B2 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2006-05-23 | Federal-Mogul Worldwide, Inc. | Spark plug center electrode assembly |
| US7808165B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2010-10-05 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Spark plug with fine wire ground electrode |
| US8334642B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2012-12-18 | Caterpillar Inc. | Spark plug |
| DE102012107771B4 (de) * | 2012-08-23 | 2019-05-09 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze mit rondenförmigem Edelmetallbauteil |
| DE102015121862B4 (de) | 2015-12-15 | 2017-12-28 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Zündkerze |
| US20230299566A1 (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-09-21 | EcoPower Spark, LLC | Spark plug with integrated center electrode |
| US11621544B1 (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
| US11831130B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2023-11-28 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug, spark plug electrode, and method of manufacturing the same |
| US11837852B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-12-05 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode with electrode tip directly thermally coupled to heat dissipating core and method of manufacturing the same |
| US12191637B1 (en) | 2024-06-14 | 2025-01-07 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug with cooling features and method of manufacturing the same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3433683A1 (de) * | 1983-09-13 | 1985-06-20 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi | Verfahren zur herstellung einer mittelelektrode fuer eine zuendkerze |
| EP0171994A1 (fr) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-02-19 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Bougie d'allumage |
| US4581558A (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1986-04-08 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal combustion engines having an alloy layer between the electrodes and tip ends |
| US4670684A (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1987-06-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2508490C3 (de) * | 1975-02-27 | 1984-07-26 | G. Rau GmbH & Co, 7530 Pforzheim | Metallischer Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE2549931A1 (de) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-05-18 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Zuendkerzen-elektrode |
| JPS5936390B2 (ja) * | 1981-03-31 | 1984-09-03 | 株式会社デンソー | 内燃機関用スパ−クプラグ |
| US4540910A (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1985-09-10 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal-combustion engine |
| JPS60125339A (ja) * | 1983-12-07 | 1985-07-04 | Hitachi Ltd | 銅−炭素繊維複合材料の製造法 |
| DE3605300A1 (de) * | 1986-02-19 | 1987-08-20 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Zuendkerze |
| JPS62226592A (ja) * | 1986-03-28 | 1987-10-05 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
| US5210457A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1993-05-11 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Outer electrode for spark plug and a method of manufacturing thereof |
-
1992
- 1992-02-05 DE DE4203251A patent/DE4203251A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-02-03 DE DE59300237T patent/DE59300237D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-03 EP EP93101659A patent/EP0554853B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-03 ES ES93101659T patent/ES2073310T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-05 JP JP04069493A patent/JP3436556B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-05 US US08/015,024 patent/US5510667A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4581558A (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1986-04-08 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Spark plug for internal combustion engines having an alloy layer between the electrodes and tip ends |
| US4670684A (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1987-06-02 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug |
| DE3433683A1 (de) * | 1983-09-13 | 1985-06-20 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi | Verfahren zur herstellung einer mittelelektrode fuer eine zuendkerze |
| EP0171994A1 (fr) * | 1984-08-07 | 1986-02-19 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Bougie d'allumage |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 278 (C-312)6. November 1985 & JP-A-60 125 339 ( HITACHI SEISAKUSHO KK ) 4. Juli 1985 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1276189A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-16 | 2003-01-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd | Bougie d'allumage |
| EP1276189A4 (fr) * | 2000-02-16 | 2007-01-03 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | Bougie d'allumage |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0554853B1 (fr) | 1995-06-07 |
| DE4203251A1 (de) | 1993-08-12 |
| DE59300237D1 (de) | 1995-07-13 |
| JPH0613157A (ja) | 1994-01-21 |
| ES2073310T3 (es) | 1995-08-01 |
| US5510667A (en) | 1996-04-23 |
| JP3436556B2 (ja) | 2003-08-11 |
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