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EP0553328A1 - Isolationsprodukte für gebäude - Google Patents

Isolationsprodukte für gebäude

Info

Publication number
EP0553328A1
EP0553328A1 EP19920917566 EP92917566A EP0553328A1 EP 0553328 A1 EP0553328 A1 EP 0553328A1 EP 19920917566 EP19920917566 EP 19920917566 EP 92917566 A EP92917566 A EP 92917566A EP 0553328 A1 EP0553328 A1 EP 0553328A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filler
mixture
insulation
pulp
fibrous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19920917566
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mark Bomberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Research Council of Canada
Original Assignee
National Research Council of Canada
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by National Research Council of Canada filed Critical National Research Council of Canada
Publication of EP0553328A1 publication Critical patent/EP0553328A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an insulation product which can serve basically as a thermal and/or acoustic insulation with concomitant properties such as resistance to fire, mould, fungus and bacterial growth control etc., when installed in or adjacent to walls, floors and ceilings of buildings, containers and other space enclosures.
  • the main components of building insulations usually belong to one of two groups i.e. mineral materials and organic ones.
  • Glass fiber is a common mineral insulating material, usually produced in the form of batts or sheets or used as a loose fill. In the last case, although not as detrimental to human health as asbestos fiber (also a mineral material), glass fiber tends to emit dust and minute particles during application.
  • the second group, organic insulations, in addition to foams includes various cellulosic fibrous and non-fibrous materials e.g. wood pulp, cotton, straw, bagasse, wood flour, hemp, rayon and the like.
  • CFI cellulosic fiber insulation
  • Loose-fill mineral fiber insulation particularly manufactured with molten glass, basalt or slag wool fibers, offers an excellent fire resistance and much smaller settlement than cellulosic insulation.
  • MFI mineral fiber insulation
  • fiberization fiberization
  • a method of manufacturing an insulation product comprising: 1) providing a mixture comprising at least about 40 wt. % fibrous cellulosic pulp having predominantly smooth fibers, a filler, a bonding agent and optio ⁇ nally a fire retarding agent,
  • the total filler is a fibrous material, either inorganic, synthetic or an organic one, the balance being a non-fibrous particulate material.
  • the fibrous wood pulp is either CTMP or TMP. These pulps have only been produced for a few years and have not been considered for insulation purposes. A microscopic examination of these pulps reveals that the surface of the fibers is very smooth compared to such cellulosic materials as Kraft pulp or recycled newsprint.
  • CTMP or TMP in the ranges as specified herein exhibits a markedly better flowability in blown-in applications than the glass fiber or other prior art fibrous materials.
  • fibrous fillers are, for inorganic fibers: glass, basalt, slag, slagstone fibers; for synthetic fibers: acrylic (PMMA), carbon, polypropylene fibers; for organic fibers: recycled newsprint and other materials.
  • inorganic fibers glass, basalt, slag, slagstone fibers
  • synthetic fibers acrylic (PMMA), carbon, polypropylene fibers
  • organic fibers recycled newsprint and other materials.
  • Exemplary non-fibrous fillers include: amorphous silica, kaolin, fly- ash, recycled shredded rubber (e.g. tires) and carbon black powder with diameter of about 3-30 microns.
  • the pulp is treated with a fire retarding agent, known in the art, while moist. Subsequently, it may be fiberized (fluffed) and mixed with the filler and a bonding agent.
  • the filler at least the fibrous part thereof, may also be fiberized before being mixed with the cellulosic pulp component.
  • fire retarding properties denote: at least partial resistance to fire smouldering, reduction of flame spread when forcefully ignited, fire extinguishing when fire source is removed.
  • an effective insulating material can be obtained in the following range of the compo ⁇ nent content: 40-97 % cellulosic pulp (CTMP or TMP), 1-50 % filler, 1-5% bonding agent and 1-10 % fire retarding agent.
  • CTMP cellulosic pulp
  • the above percentages are by weight based on the dry weight of the mixture. It has been found that the performance of the insulation of the invention depends on the degree of fiberization of the cellulosic material. Com ⁇ pared to a hammer mill technology, it is advantageous to fiberize the pulp compo nent (and preferably, also the fibrous filler) using rotational fiberization as described hereinbelow.
  • an insulation product comprising, on a dry weight basis, at least 40 wt. % cellulosic pulp having predominantly smooth fibers, a filler, a bonding agent and optionally a fire retarding agent.
  • the material comprises about 40-97 wt. % pulp, 1-50 wt. % filler, 1-5 wt. % bonding agent and 1-10 wt. % fire retardant.
  • the material is preferably admixed with an inert liquid compatible with the bonding agent, practically water, shortly before application.
  • the amount of the resulting moisture in the material is adapted so as to achieve at least a partial bonding of the material by reaction of the bonding agent with the water.
  • the actual final water content will depend on a choice and content of the compo ⁇ nents of the product of the invention.
  • the density of the material is preferably reduced, in order to provide a lightweight insulation, to about 15-45 kg/cu.m. It will be appreciated, however, that the invention also encompasses the product before the density reduction.
  • the single figure represents a graph illustrating the thermal performance, in terms of thermal resistivity per inch, of the insulation of the invention as compared to prior art insulating materials.
  • the pulp (CTMP or TMP) was obtained from a paper mill as a wet substance, usually containing about
  • a fire retarding agent or agents, was added either to the wet pulp during the pulp manufacturing process, or to the relatively dry mixture of the pulp with the filler during the insulation final preparation stage, as described below. Beside a fire retardant, it is known to 'add to a building insulation other chemicals for one or more of the following functions: to control mould, fungi and bacterial growth; to balance pH in order to reduce the risk of corrosion; to reduce fiber swelling and shrinking.
  • a list of acceptable fire retard ⁇ ing agents and the additional chemicals includes, among others, borax, boric acid, aluminum sulphate, alumina, calcium sulphate, dicalcium hydrogen phosphate, bismuth(II) chloride, urea, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, tin(II) chloride.
  • a filler both fibrous and non-fibrous one, is dictated by a requirement that the infrared opacity factor (extinction coefficient for long ⁇ wave thermal radiation) of the filler contribute to an increased thermal perform ⁇ ance of the insulation by reducing the radiative heat transfer through the insula ⁇ tion, and that its specific surface is large enough for bonding into the multiphase fibrous system of the insulation product of the invention.
  • the infrared opacity factor extinction coefficient for long ⁇ wave thermal radiation
  • Water is a necessary additive to the pulp/filler/bonding agent mixture to achieve a bonding, or partial bonding, of the final product when blown in, or sprayed, in the site.
  • the pulp usually carries certain amount of water, but it is usually necessary to increase the water content to a sufficient limit for bonding to take place.
  • the amount of free water in the final product must be limited so that the insulation's thermal (or acoustic)
  • Bonding agents suitable for the purposes of the invention are, for instance, polyvinyl acrylate and latex binder.
  • the pulp is fiberized either before being mixed with the filler or afterwards.
  • both the pulp and the fibrous filler are fiberized (fluffed) and admixed with chemicals before being mixed together in a cyclone for a substantially uniform distribution of the components throughout the mixture.
  • the mixture can then be stored in bags and carried to the site where final fiberization and water addition takes place.
  • CTMP pulp with freeness of approximately 500 was made from spruce and partially dewatered to moisture content of about 8%. It was then admixed with about 9 % by weight (on a dry basis) of each borax and boric acid and then fiberized using a modified commercial rotational fiberizing equipment.
  • the glass fiber material used had fibers in the length range of 3-6 mm. After fiberization, 90 part by weight of the treated pulp was mixed in a cyclone with 10 parts by weight of glass fiber which was also prefiberized using a commercial blowing machine. The mixture, without the addition of a bonding agent, was then packed in bags and transported to a set-up which comprised a blowing machine equipped with a positive displacement blower and an air lock but no shredder nor agitator.
  • Example 1 all the steps were identical as in Example 1 except a different treatment after the blowing machine set-up.
  • the mixture was then sprayed with an equivalent amount (1:1 by weight) of a mixture of water (90%) and a commercial latex adhesive (10%).
  • the insulation material was fiberized to a density of about 17 kg/cu.m. Thermal resistivity of the insula ⁇ tion was tested after the material was oven-dried, and it was found to be slightly better (see point 2 in the graph) than that of the material of Example 1.
  • CTMP was mixed with a filler (90:10 wt. %) consisting of rock modified slag wool having relatively short fibers (1-2 mm).
  • the moisture content of CTMP was the same as in Examples 1 and 2.
  • the insulation was prepared using the same equipment as in Example 2 (fiberization with a conventional blowing machine and spraying).
  • the final density of the material was about 32 kg/cu.m.
  • the thermal performance of the material was similar to that of material of Example 1 at comparable density.
  • Example 4a is identical as example 1 except that CTMP was mixed with only 1 wt. % of glass fiber. The density of the material was about 15 kg/cu.m. The thermal resistivity is shown in the graph (point 4a).
  • Example 4b is identical as example 1 except that CTMP was mixed with only 1 wt. % of glass fiber. The density of the material was about 15 kg/cu.m. The thermal resistivity is shown in the graph (point 4a).
  • Example 4b is identical as example 1 except that CTMP was mixed with only 1 wt. % of glass fiber. The density of the material was about 15 kg/cu.m. The thermal resistivity is shown in the graph (point 4a).
  • the density and thermal performance of the material are indicated in the graph (point 4b).
  • An insulation of the invention exhibits a better thermal performance than each of the used components.
  • the mineral fiber used in the example 4b is one of the best commercially available in North America slag/rock melt with long fibers. This mineral fiber, not suitable by itself for pneumatically applied loose fills (due to fiber breakage) may be successfully applied for the production of the insulation of the invention.
  • the field marked by a triangle is of particu- lar interest because of relatively low density and good thermal performance of the insulation.
  • the process may take place partially at a plant, where the mixture is partly fiberized, admixed with some chemicals and bagged, and partly at the installation site where the final fiberization and admixture of water (and a bonding agent) may be effected. Alternatively, all the steps may take place at the site.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP19920917566 1991-08-21 1992-08-19 Isolationsprodukte für gebäude Withdrawn EP0553328A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2050132 CA2050132A1 (en) 1991-08-21 1991-08-21 Building insulation products
CA2050132 1991-08-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0553328A1 true EP0553328A1 (de) 1993-08-04

Family

ID=4148259

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920917566 Withdrawn EP0553328A1 (de) 1991-08-21 1992-08-19 Isolationsprodukte für gebäude

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0553328A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2050132A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1993004239A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI95401C (fi) * 1993-04-15 1996-01-25 Ekovilla Oy Menetelmä ainakin oleellisesti palamattoman tuotteen valmistamiseksi kuituraaka-aineesta sekä menetelmällä valmistettu lämmöneristysmateriaali ja asfaltin lisäaine
WO1996021066A1 (en) * 1995-01-03 1996-07-11 Erkobest Ay Insulation product and method for producing the same
US6251476B1 (en) * 2000-03-27 2001-06-26 International Cellulose Corp. Methods for spray-on insulation for walls and floor
ATE441508T1 (de) * 2001-12-20 2009-09-15 Weroform Profile Gmbh & Co Kg Formkírper und verfahren zur herstellung desselben
WO2004035899A1 (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-04-29 Southern Wools Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for forming products of fibrous and cellulose material
WO2012018749A1 (en) 2010-08-03 2012-02-09 International Paper Company Fire retardant treated fluff pulp web and process for making same
US8663427B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2014-03-04 International Paper Company Addition of endothermic fire retardants to provide near neutral pH pulp fiber webs
US8388807B2 (en) 2011-02-08 2013-03-05 International Paper Company Partially fire resistant insulation material comprising unrefined virgin pulp fibers and wood ash fire retardant component
RU2556596C2 (ru) * 2012-07-03 2015-07-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский государственный технологический университет" (Сиб ГТУ) Сырьевая смесь для получения теплоизоляционного материала
FR3115543A1 (fr) * 2020-10-28 2022-04-29 Iso 2 Industrie Composition isolante de laine minérale et de laine de coton
CN115180852B (zh) * 2022-06-23 2023-08-18 章丘市云龙机械有限公司 一种脱硫石膏旋转式烘干煅烧一体装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4294875A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-10-13 Schramm Arthur G Insulation panel
US4374171A (en) * 1979-06-25 1983-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Smolder and flame resistant insulation materials, composition and method
US4468336A (en) * 1983-07-05 1984-08-28 Smith Ivan T Low density loose fill insulation
US4579592A (en) * 1983-07-29 1986-04-01 Gene Crandall Insulator
US4773960A (en) * 1986-11-06 1988-09-27 Suncoast Insulation Manufacturing, Co. Apparatus for installing fast setting insulation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9304239A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993004239A1 (en) 1993-03-04
CA2050132A1 (en) 1993-02-22

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