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EP0531998B1 - Haut-parleur et structure de son couverture - Google Patents

Haut-parleur et structure de son couverture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0531998B1
EP0531998B1 EP19920115503 EP92115503A EP0531998B1 EP 0531998 B1 EP0531998 B1 EP 0531998B1 EP 19920115503 EP19920115503 EP 19920115503 EP 92115503 A EP92115503 A EP 92115503A EP 0531998 B1 EP0531998 B1 EP 0531998B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speaker unit
sound
unit support
support
covering structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920115503
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0531998A3 (fr
EP0531998A2 (fr
Inventor
Teppi Yamada-Scriba
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NPL KK
Original Assignee
NPL KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/757,765 external-priority patent/US5194701A/en
Priority claimed from JP1991108888U external-priority patent/JPH0747030Y2/ja
Application filed by NPL KK filed Critical NPL KK
Publication of EP0531998A2 publication Critical patent/EP0531998A2/fr
Publication of EP0531998A3 publication Critical patent/EP0531998A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0531998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0531998B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/026—Supports for loudspeaker casings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in or relating to a speaker unit casing structure. More specifically the present invention relates to a speaker unit and a covering structure therefor which prevents radiation of the resonance sound from a speaker unit, a rear opening type speaker unit support such as a baffle or frame, or an enclosure type speaker unit support, thereby reproducing acoustic signals with high fidelity.
  • the speaker unit support must be rigid enough to assure the stable fixing of the speaker unit, and at the same time, it must have an inner acoustic loss enough to reduce its resonance to a possible minimum.
  • the speaker unit support may be preferably made of metal, ceramics or glass.
  • metal speaker unit supports of a honeycomb structure are used. This honeycomb structure, however, cannot get rid of the sharp "Q" of the speaker unit support.
  • the weight reduction of glass or ceramic supports is impossible, and therefore their resonance time cannot be reduced with recourse to weight reduction.
  • a rubber piece is used at a place at which a speaker unit is fixed to the speaker unit support, thereby suppressing transmission of vibration from the speaker unit to the speaker unit support.
  • the use of such rubber piece between the speaker unit and the speaker unit support prevents the stable fixing of the speaker unit to the speaker unit support. Also, disadvantageously a clear rising sound of recorded sound can be hardly reproduced.
  • the speaker unit support is preferably made of wood or plastics. These.materials may have a flattened "Q", compared with the high-rigidity materials described above. The materials, however, allow the sound to travel at such a slow speed that a heavy. thick resonance sound may be caused. As may be understood, the problems cannot be completely solved with recourse to selection of materials.
  • Parts other than the cone or diaphragm of a speaker unit such as the permanent magnet, the cone housing or the diaphragm support and the electrode support, are made of high-rigidity materials, and these high-rigidity parts of the loudspeaker if attached to a rear-opening type speaker unit support, will be exposed to the outside, permitting radiation of the resonance sound from such high-rigidity parts in addition to that from the speaker unit support.
  • the enclosure type speaker unit support in case where the speaker unit support is made of plywood board, wood and any other materials which are characteristic of a large amount of inner acoustic loss, as proposed in US Patents 2,315,896 and 3,275,100, a heavy, thick resonance sound is liable to be caused because of a relatively slow acoustic transmission speed in these materials. Also, disadvantageously the stable supporting of speaker units is hardly attainable. The total weight of the box-like speaker system is supported by the whole bottom area of the box-like housing, and it is most likely that the air which is trapped in very small irregular spaces at the interface between the bottom surface of the housing and the floor of the room will cause resonance, producing resonance sound.
  • US-A-3867996 relates to a speaker unit casing structure wherein the speaker unit support is a box-like enclosure the whole inner and outer surface of which being covered with a sound barrier material exhibiting an increased acoustical loss.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a covering structure with a speaker unit wherein the resonance sound being almost completely eliminated and the quality of the reproduced sound being substantially improved.
  • the inventor proposes that at least the speaker support unit of a high-rigidity material be confined and enclosed by an acoustic barrier. Also, the inventor proposes that the high-rigidity parts of a loudspeaker when attached to a flat baffle type (a rear-opening type) speaker unit support be confined and enclosed by an acoustic barrier. This has the effect of eliminating the resonance sound, thus substantially improving the quality of the reproduced sound.
  • the complete enclosure of the housing has the effect of eliminating undesired transmission of the resonance sound to the floor via its legs, and of getting rid of resonance which otherwise, would be caused in the small spaces at the interface between the bottom surface of the housing and the floor.
  • a speaker unit casing structure including a rear-opening type speaker unit support of a high-rigidity material is so constructed according to the present invention that the high-rigidity material parts of said speaker unit and the whole inner and outer surface of said speaker unit support are covered with a sound absorbing material, and that the covering of the sound absorbing material is covered with a sheet of sound barrier material which has the characteristic of an increased acoustic loss, thus providing a sound barrier enclosure.
  • a speaker unit and covering structure therefor including a box-like speaker unit support of a high-rigidity material is so constructed according to the present invention that the whole inner and outer surface of said box-like enclosure is covered with a sound absorbing material, and that the covering of the sound absorbing material is covered with a sheet of sound barrier material which has the characteristic of an increased acoustic loss, thus providing a sound barrier enclosure.
  • Examples of high-rigidity materials are hard metals such as steel, hard plastics, glass, ceramics or fine ceramics. Speaker units may be of dynamic type or condenser type.
  • Examples of sound absorbing materials are glass-wool or rock wool of relatively high density.
  • Examples of sound shielding or barrier materials are rubber impregnated with pulverized lead or soft plastics such as polypropylene, which materials have the characteristic of an increased inner acoustic loss.
  • legs are fixed to the bottom of the housing and that such legs are confined within the sound barrier enclosure.
  • the speaker unit is responsive to electric signals for radiating reproduced sound from the front of the speaker unit, and at the same time, the sound wave in the opposite phase reaches the speaker unit support, the permanent magnet, the cone or diaphragm support, the electrode support and any other high-rigidity parts of the loudspeaker so that the speaker unit support and these high-rigid parts may resonate, but the resonance sound cannot leak out of the surrounding acoustic barrier.
  • the rigid speaker unit support assures the stable supporting of the speaker unit.
  • Fig.1 shows a speaker system using a speaker unit casing according to a first embodiment of the present invention, particularly using a rear-opening type, inverted "T"-shaped baffle or speaker unit support. It comprises a dynamic loudspeaker unit 1, a flat baffle or speaker unit support 2 and a sound barrier or shielding enclosure 3.
  • the flat baffle 2 is made of fine ceramics, and is given an inverted "T"-shape, which is composed of a vertical board 21 and a horizontal board 22.
  • the dynamic speaker unit 1 is attached to the circumference of the opening of the vertical board 21 via an associated annular frame 4 and screws 6.
  • Four legs 5 are fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal board 22.
  • the flat baffle 2 may be made of glass, ceramics, hard plastics or any other high-rigidity materials.
  • the speaker unit 1 comprises a center permanent magnet 12, a "U"-shaped yoke 13 and a cone or diaphragm 11 attached to the yoke 13.
  • a cone housing 14 is fixed to the circumference of the yoke 13, and at the same time to the annular frame 4, which is fixed to the circumference of the opening of the vertical board 21 by the screws 6 as described earlier.
  • the flat baffle 2 and the high-rigidity parts of the speaker unit are confined and enclosed by the sound shield 3. Specifically the front side excluding of the cone 11 of the speaker unit is shielded by the sound shield, and the rear side of the speaker unit is completely shielded by the sound shield.
  • the unit frame 4, flat baffle 2, cone housing 14 and the rear side of yoke 13 are covered by a sound absorbing material such as glass-wool 3a of relatively high density, and this sound absorbing covering is covered by a sheet of sound barrier material 3b which has the characteristic of an increased acoustic loss, such as a pulverized lead-impregnated rubber sheet. All corners of the sound barrier 3b are rounded to cause a sound shielding effect due to diffraction.
  • the cone housing 14 of the speaker unit may be of a cross shape as seen in Fig.2. Such a speaker unit is enclosed without leaving its high-rigidity parts exposed, and the enclosure has four openings H.
  • the speaker unit support 2 and the yoke 13 and cone housing 14 of the speaker unit permit radiation of resonance sound of high-frequency range, and then the high-frequency resonance sound from such high-rigidity parts will be absorbed in the surrounding sound absorbing layer 3a, and will be shielded by the overlying sound barrier 3b, which has a very flattened "Q" factor.
  • the sound absorbing material used is of such a high-density that a lagging effect may be caused, which lagging effect would be caused to absorb the resonance sound produced by fluid flowing at an increased speed in pipings.
  • the sound barrier 3b will prevent radiation of resonance sound which otherwise, would be caused by the air trapped in the irregularities appearing at the interface between the legs 5 of the speaker unit support and the floor.
  • Figs.3 to 5 show a flat-baffle type speaker unit support included in a speaker unit casing structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a condenser speaker unit is indicated by la; a speaker unit support or frame is indicated by 2a; and a sound shield to enclose the speaker unit support 2a in a sealed manner is indicated by 3.
  • the condenser speaker unit la comprises a plate-like diaphragm lla, a unit frame 4a to hold the plate-like diaphragm 11a, electrode nets 100 spaced from and stretched horizontally over the front and rear sides of the plate-like diaphragm 11a, a plurality of electrode supports 101 vertically extending to support the electrode nets 100, and reinforcements 102 horizontally extending to support the electrode supports 101 at their centers.
  • Each electrode net 100 has a plurality of opposite "U"-shaped ends fixed to the front and rear surface of the frame 4a respectively, and the major plane of the electrode net 100 is held on its opposite sides by the vertical electrode support strips 101.
  • the horizontal reinforcements 102 are applied to the electrode supports 101 at their centers where the plate-like diaphragm 11a will vibrate at an increased amplitude.
  • the high-rigidity parts of the speaker unit 1a that is, unit frame 4a, electrode supports 101, reinforcements 102 and frame 2a, are enclosed by the sound shield 3 in a sealed fashion.
  • the sound shield 3 is composed of a sound absorbing material 3a such as glass-wool of relatively high density, which completely covers unit frame 4a, electrode supports 101, reinforcements 102 and frame 2a, and a sound barrier sheet 3b such as a pulverized lead impregnated rubber sheet to cover the sound absorbing material 3a.
  • the overlying sound barrier 3b is rounded at each corner to provide the sound shielding effect due to diffraction, as is the case with the first embodiment.
  • the frame 2a, unit frame 4a and electrode supports 101 cause radiation of resonance sound of high-frequency range, and then the high-frequency resonance sound from such high-rigidity parts will be absorbed in the surrounding sound absorbing layer 3a, and will be shielded by the overlying sound barrier 3b, which has a very flattened "Q" factor.
  • Fig.6 shows a still another embodiment of the present invention using an enclosure type speaker unit support.
  • a dynamic speaker unit is indicated by 1a; an enclosure type speaker unit support by 2c, and a sound shield to enclose the speaker unit support 2c in a sealed fashion by 3.
  • the speaker unit support 2c is a box-like structure of fine ceramics, having an opening 21c on its front side and a dynamic loudspeaker la attached to the circumference of the opening by an associated unit frame 4a and screws 6.
  • the speaker unit support 2c has three legs 5a on its bottom.
  • the speaker unit support 2c along with its legs 5a are enclosed by the sound shield 3 in a sealed fashion, only leaving the cone lla of the speaker unit visible from the exterior.
  • the sound shield 3 is composed of a sound absorbing material 3a such as glass-wool of relatively high density to completely cover the speaker unit support 2c, and a sound barrier sheet 3b such as a pulverized lead impregnated rubber sheet to cover the sound absorbing material 3a.
  • the speaker support unit 2c causes radiation of resonance sound, and then the resonance sound will be absorbed in the surrounding sound absorbing layer 3a, and will be shielded by the overlying sound barrier 3b, which has a very flattened "Q" factor.
  • the sound absorbing material of a relatively high-density will cause a lagging effect such as seen in deadening the resonance sound due to a fluid flowing at high-speed in pipings.
  • the sound barrier 3b will prevent radiation of resonance sound which otherwise, would be caused by the air trapped in the irregularities appearing at the interface between the legs 5a of the speaker unit support 2c and the floor.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture comprenant un support (2, 2a) de haut-parleur fait d'un matériau à haute rigidité, caractérisé en ce que ledit support (2, 2a) de haut-parleur est d'un type à écran plat, et en ce que les pièces faites en matériau à haute rigidité dudit haut-parleur et l'ensemble de la surface dudit support (2, 2a) de haut-parleur sont recouverts d'un matériau absorbant le son (3a), et la couverture de matériau absorbant le son est revêtue d'une couche de matériau formant barrière acoustique (3b) qui a la caractéristique d'une perte acoustique augmentée, ce qui constitue ainsi une enceinte formant barrière acoustique (3).
  2. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit haut-parleur est un haut-parleur dynamique (1).
  3. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit haut-parleur est un haut-parleur électrostatique (1a).
  4. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit support de haut-parleur est un écran plat (2) en forme de "T" renversé.
  5. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ledit support (2) de haut-parleur comporte des pieds (5) sur sa face inférieure, lesdits pieds étant enfermés à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte formant barrière acoustique (3).
  6. Haut-parleur (1) et structure de sa couverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel ledit matériau formant barrière acoustique (3b) est du caoutchouc imprégné de plomb.
  7. Haut-parleur (1a) et structure de sa couverture comprenant un support (2c) de haut-parleur fait d'un matériau à haute rigidité, dans lequel ledit support (2c) de haut-parleur est une enceinte en forme de coffret et l'ensemble de la surface intérieure et extérieure de ladite enceinte en forme de coffret est recouvert d'un matériau absorbant le son (3a), caractérisé en ce que la couverture de matériau absorbant le son est revêtue d'une couche de matériau formant barrière acoustique (3b) qui a la caractéristique d'une perte acoustique augmentée, ce qui constitue ainsi une enceinte formant barrière acoustique (3).
  8. Haut-parleur et structure de sa couverture selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ledit support (2c) de haut-parleur comporte des pieds (5a) sur sa face inférieure, lesdits pieds (5a) étant enfermés à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte formant barrière acoustique (3).
EP19920115503 1991-09-11 1992-09-10 Haut-parleur et structure de son couverture Expired - Lifetime EP0531998B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/757,765 US5194701A (en) 1991-09-11 1991-09-11 Speaker structure
US757765 1991-09-11
JP108888/91U 1991-12-09
JP1991108888U JPH0747030Y2 (ja) 1991-12-09 1991-12-09 スピーカの構造

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0531998A2 EP0531998A2 (fr) 1993-03-17
EP0531998A3 EP0531998A3 (fr) 1994-02-16
EP0531998B1 true EP0531998B1 (fr) 1997-04-09

Family

ID=26448701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920115503 Expired - Lifetime EP0531998B1 (fr) 1991-09-11 1992-09-10 Haut-parleur et structure de son couverture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0531998B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69218861T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0531998T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2738983B1 (fr) * 1995-09-20 1997-10-17 Aubriot Cedric Enceinte acoustique du type comportant une structure rigide supportant au moins un haut-parleur fixe sur une paroi plane
US8292023B2 (en) * 2009-02-13 2012-10-23 Nokia Corporation Enclosing adsorbent material
CN202799035U (zh) * 2012-08-28 2013-03-13 赵浩波 一种可吸附固定的内置电源音箱结构

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867996A (en) * 1973-11-21 1975-02-25 Modular Sound Systems Inc Speaker enclosure
DE3223721A1 (de) * 1982-06-25 1983-12-29 Günther Dipl.-Ing. 5100 Aachen Penning Halterung fuer lautsprecherboxen
JPH0326714Y2 (fr) * 1986-02-24 1991-06-10

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69218861D1 (de) 1997-05-15
DK0531998T3 (da) 1997-05-05
DE69218861T2 (de) 1997-11-20
EP0531998A3 (fr) 1994-02-16
EP0531998A2 (fr) 1993-03-17

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