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EP0521538A2 - Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes - Google Patents

Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0521538A2
EP0521538A2 EP92116860A EP92116860A EP0521538A2 EP 0521538 A2 EP0521538 A2 EP 0521538A2 EP 92116860 A EP92116860 A EP 92116860A EP 92116860 A EP92116860 A EP 92116860A EP 0521538 A2 EP0521538 A2 EP 0521538A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bobbin
transport arm
working
transport
pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92116860A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0521538A3 (en
EP0521538B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Jürgen Wach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6330329&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0521538(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0521538A2 publication Critical patent/EP0521538A2/fr
Publication of EP0521538A3 publication Critical patent/EP0521538A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0521538B1 publication Critical patent/EP0521538B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
    • B65H19/10—Changing the web roll in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations
    • B65H19/12—Lifting, transporting, or inserting the web roll; Removing empty core
    • B65H19/123—Lifting, transporting, or inserting the web roll; Removing empty core with cantilever supporting arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B41/00—Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material
    • B65B41/12—Feeding webs from rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/413—Supporting web roll
    • B65H2301/4132—Cantilever arrangement
    • B65H2301/41322—Cantilever arrangement pivoting movement of roll support
    • B65H2301/413223—Cantilever arrangement pivoting movement of roll support around an axis parallel to roll axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/413—Supporting web roll
    • B65H2301/4132—Cantilever arrangement
    • B65H2301/41324—Cantilever arrangement linear movement of roll support
    • B65H2301/413243—Cantilever arrangement linear movement of roll support parallel to roll axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/417—Handling or changing web rolls
    • B65H2301/4171—Handling web roll
    • B65H2301/4172—Handling web roll by circumferential portion, e.g. rolling on circumference
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/417—Handling or changing web rolls
    • B65H2301/4171—Handling web roll
    • B65H2301/4173—Handling web roll by central portion, e.g. gripping central portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/417—Handling or changing web rolls
    • B65H2301/4171—Handling web roll
    • B65H2301/41745—Handling web roll by axial movement of roll
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
    • Y10S414/124—Roll handlers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packaging machine for producing (cigarette) packaging from web-shaped packaging material which is pulled from a (working) bobbin onto a working pin, a new (full) bobbin being taken from a bobbin stock by a transport pin, in axial alignment conveyed in front of the working pin and transferred to it by axial displacement.
  • High-performance packaging machines in particular cigarette packaging machines, have a correspondingly high consumption of packaging material, which - apart from the supply of otherwise produced individual blanks - is made available to the packaging machine as a web-shaped material in wound bobbins. This then becomes blanks within the packaging machine manufactured and processed.
  • a rocker arm with transport pin can be moved along a straight conveying path by a spindle drive.
  • the rocker arm is pivoted with the bobbin transversely to the conveying plane.
  • the invention has for its object to design the bobbin changing device in a packaging machine for the processing of bobbins web-shaped packaging material so that expired, "empty” (work) bobbins can be quickly and easily replaced with new "full” bobbins without the operation of the packaging machine must be interrupted. It is also a matter of quickly aligning the transport spigot with the working spigot.
  • the packaging machine according to the invention or its bobbin changing device is characterized in that the transport pin is arranged on a transport arm and that the transport pin can be displaced transversely axially, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the transport arm.
  • two working pins are provided, preferably lying next to one another at a distance in a common horizontal plane.
  • the sheet-like packaging material is pulled off one of the two working pins to produce blanks.
  • the other is ready to replace an empty bobbin with a full bobbin.
  • the transfer of the same from a bobbin stock is carried out by the transport arm which can be pivoted according to the invention.
  • the transfer is expediently carried out by hand, since the transport pin and the working pin are aligned on the same axis and only a very short axially directed conveying path has to be overcome.
  • the bobbin stock in particular a trough-shaped, elongated support frame, is preferably arranged above the working spigot, namely above the other structural parts of the packaging machine, the stored bobbins being placed axially aligned next to one another.
  • the support frame can be easily loaded with new bobbins from the back of the packaging machine.
  • the transport arm as a transfer element for the "full" bobbins from the supply to the working spigot is mounted in the middle between the working spigots.
  • the present bobbin changing device is an integral part of a packaging machine 10, in particular for the production of cigarette packaging.
  • sheet-like packaging material is processed, e.g. Tinfoil, paper or plastic film.
  • the packaging material is provided in the form of bobbins 11.
  • the material web is drawn off from a work reel 12 and processed to produce blanks.
  • two working pins 13, 14 are provided for receiving work bobbins 12, which are mounted on a machine frame 15 at a distance from one another in a common horizontal plane.
  • the working pins 13, 14 are freely cantilevered, supported on one side and driven in rotation within the machine frame 15 by organs (not shown).
  • the bobbins 11 or work bobbins 12 are provided with a center hole 16 which matches the dimensions of the work pins 13, 14, so that the bobbins 11 or work bobbins 12 can be pushed onto the work pins 13, 14 in the axial direction.
  • the bobbins 11, 12 are usually provided with a bobbin core in the form of a cardboard sleeve (not shown in more detail), which is (manually) drawn off from the working pin 13, 14 after a working bobbin 12 has been used up.
  • a working bobbin 12 has been used up.
  • One of the working pins 13, 14 is in the working position.
  • the packaging material is drawn off from this as material web 17 (working pin 14 in FIG. 4), while the other working pin 13 is provided for receiving or holding a new, "full" bobbin 11.
  • a packaging stock 18 is associated with the packaging machine 10 or the bobbin changing device. In the present exemplary embodiment, this is arranged above the packaging machine 10 or above the machine frame 15.
  • the bobbin stock 18 consists essentially of an elongated support frame 19 which extends horizontally across the longitudinal extent of the packaging machine 10. The majority of the support frame 19 is located on the back of the packaging machine 10, 3 with a support 20 at the free end.
  • a large number of bobbins 11 are arranged on the support frame 19 in parallel planes and in an axial orientation, the bobbins 11 standing up on the support frame 19 with their peripheral surface.
  • a bobbin 11a which is in front or closest to the work pin 13, is ready for removal and delivery to one of the work pins 13, 14.
  • a transport arm 21 is used as the transport member for taking over a bobbin 11a from the bobbin supply 18 and for transferring it to one of the two working pins 13, 14.
  • a free-standing, one-sided mounted transport pin 22 is attached to this in the upper area, which also belongs to the Dimensions of the center hole 16 fits.
  • the transport arm 21 is mounted and driven in a special way.
  • the reel stock 18 is offset from the vertical rotational plane of the work reels 12 to the rear of the packaging machine.
  • the transport arm 21 can therefore be moved in the axial direction of the transport pin 22, so that it can accommodate the bobbin 11a by entering the center hole 16 thereof.
  • the transport arm 21 With the bobbin 11a held on the transport pin 22, the transport arm 21 is moved in the opposite direction until the bobbin 11a is located in one plane in front of the work bobbins 12 or the work pins 13, 14. By pivoting the transport arm 21 in this plane along a quarter-circle arc, the bobbin 11a is moved in front of one or the other of the working pins 13, 14, specifically in the axial direction. In this position, the bobbin 11a is transferred to the empty work pin by axial displacement, as shown in FIG. 2 with the help of the work pin 13. The transfer is advantageously carried out manually.
  • the transport arm 21 is now pivoted back from the horizontally directed transfer position (FIG. 2) into the upright middle position (FIGS. 3, 4). By shifting in the axial direction, the transport pin 22 is moved in the direction of the reel stock 18 for taking over the next reel 11a.
  • the transport arm 21 is mounted on an actuating frame 23 for carrying out the movements described, which is shown in FIG. 2 as an axially displaceable and rotatable rod.
  • the actuating frame 23 consists of an elongated support rod 24 which is axially displaceably mounted in the machine frame 15.
  • the horizontally directed support rod 24 is partially cylindrical in the upper cross-sectional area and provided with a lower rectangular extension 25.
  • the latter is designed as a rack 26 on the underside. This is in engagement with a pinion 27 which can be driven in a rotating manner in one direction or the other via a drive shaft 28 (FIG. 4) by a motor (not shown here).
  • the support rod 24 is formed at its ends with upward support legs 29, 30. Ends of a rotary rod 31 are rotatably mounted in these. A free bearing end 32 - on the side of the machine frame 15 facing the working pin 13, 14 - is guided through the support leg 29 and connected to a lower region of the transport arm 21. A rotary movement of the rotary rod 31 about its own longitudinal axis accordingly results in a corresponding pivoting movement of the transport arm 21 in one direction or the other.
  • the rotary rod 31 is axially displaceable but non-rotatably mounted in a guide sleeve 33 in the machine frame 15.
  • the rotationally fixed guidance of the rotary rod 31 in the guide sleeve 33 is here by grooves and tongues (Fig. 4) causes.
  • the guide sleeve 33 is in turn rotatable, but axially immovable in the machine frame 15.
  • a gearwheel 34 is arranged on an end of the guide sleeve 33 protruding from the machine frame 15. This is driven in rotation via an intermediate gear 35 by a drive motor 36 with pinion 37.
  • the intermediate gear 35 is rotatably mounted as a toothed ring on a shoulder 38 of the machine frame 15.
  • the support rod 24 passes through the hollow extension 38.
  • the transport arm 21 is accordingly pivoted in one direction or the other by reversible drive of the drive motor 36, specifically by means of a corresponding rotary drive of the rotary rod 31. This is mounted here centrally between the working pins 13, 14, at the same height as these.
  • the support frame 19 for the bobbin stock 18 is designed such that an elevated end stop 39 is formed on the front removal side for the bobbin 11a.
  • the front bobbin 11a must therefore first be raised slightly before it can be removed from the support frame 19.
  • the transport pin 22 is adjustably mounted on the transport arm 21, namely in the longitudinal direction of the transport arm 21. This also makes possible adjustments to different positions of the working pins 13 and 14 possible.
  • the transport pin 22 is attached to a support body 40 which can be moved along a fixed guide without tilting within the transport arm 21 which is open on one side and is designed as a hollow body.
  • the guide here consists of lateral guide rods 42 fixedly attached to side walls 41. These consist of round material.
  • Support rollers 43, 44 attached to the supporting body 40 bear positively on the guide rods 42 with curved running surfaces.
  • the support body 40 is provided with four such support rollers 43, 44, each of which rests in pairs on a guide rod 42.
  • a spindle 45 is rotatably mounted therein. This is driven in rotation by a servo motor 46 also mounted within the transport arm 21.
  • the support body 40 is mounted on the spindle 45 with a projection serving as a spindle nut 47.
  • the transport arm 21 with the free transport pin 22 is therefore first threaded into the bobbin 11a.
  • the transport pin 22 is then adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the transport arm 21, that is to say moved upwards, as a result of which the bobbin is lifted out of the support frame 19 and is thus released.
  • the transport arm 21 is adjusted by appropriate drive of the pinion 27 to the pivoting plane in front of the plane of the working pins 13, 14 and the transport pin 22 is aligned with the axially aligned position of the working pin 13, 14 to be loaded.
  • the described pivoting movement of the transport arm 21 takes place.
  • the adjusting movement of the transport pin 22 can also take place after the pivoting movement of the transport arm 21.
  • the support frame 19 for the reel stock 18 is also designed in a special way, namely in such a way that the reels 11 are automatically and gently conveyed to the end of removal in a gentle manner.
  • the support frame 19 consists of several, in the present case two, elongated, rotatably driven support rollers 48, 49. These are directed in the longitudinal direction of the support frame 19 and serve as support and support members for the bobbins 11, 11a. In the direction of the removal side, the support rollers 48, 49 slightly diverging, at a very acute angle.
  • the (rectified) rotary drive of the support rollers 48, 49 has the effect that the bobbins 11, 11a placed on the back are always conveyed towards one another in the direction of the end stop 39 up to the sealing position.
  • the support rollers 48, 49 are driven by a motor 50 for this purpose.
  • the facing ends of the support rollers 48, 49 are connected to one another in a geared manner by an enveloping drive, in particular by a toothed belt 51.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
EP92116860A 1987-06-26 1988-05-18 Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes Expired - Lifetime EP0521538B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873721091 DE3721091A1 (de) 1987-06-26 1987-06-26 Verpackungsmaschine, insbesondere fuer zigaretten
DE3721091 1987-06-26
EP88107906A EP0296356B1 (fr) 1987-06-26 1988-05-18 Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107906.5 Division 1988-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0521538A2 true EP0521538A2 (fr) 1993-01-07
EP0521538A3 EP0521538A3 (en) 1993-06-30
EP0521538B1 EP0521538B1 (fr) 1997-03-05

Family

ID=6330329

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107906A Expired - Lifetime EP0296356B1 (fr) 1987-06-26 1988-05-18 Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes
EP92116860A Expired - Lifetime EP0521538B1 (fr) 1987-06-26 1988-05-18 Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88107906A Expired - Lifetime EP0296356B1 (fr) 1987-06-26 1988-05-18 Machine d'emballage, spécialement pour cigarettes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US4896842A (fr)
EP (2) EP0296356B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2553640B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8803124A (fr)
CA (1) CA1294525C (fr)
DE (3) DE3721091A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0943568A1 (fr) * 1998-02-17 1999-09-22 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Méthode et dispositif pour alimenter des rouleaux

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3721091A1 (de) * 1987-06-26 1989-01-05 Focke & Co Verpackungsmaschine, insbesondere fuer zigaretten
DE3812514C2 (de) * 1988-04-15 1998-01-29 Focke & Co Verpackungsmaschine mit einem an einem Transportarm angeordneten Transportzapfen für neue Bobinen
EP0347586B1 (fr) * 1988-06-18 1993-12-08 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif pour transporter une matière d'emballage dans une machine d'emballage
DE3827917C2 (de) * 1988-06-18 1998-07-09 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Transport von Verpackungsmaterial zu einer Verpackungsmaschine
IT1232476B (it) * 1989-04-05 1992-02-17 Sasib Spa Dispositivo alimentatore automatico di materiale d'involucro, in particolare di bobine di carta da sigarette
IT1235976B (it) * 1989-12-18 1992-12-15 Gd Spa Metodo e dispositivo per l'alimentazione ed il cambio di bobine in una macchina confezionatrice
DE4024284A1 (de) * 1990-07-31 1992-02-06 Focke & Co Einrichtung zur versorgung von verpackungsmaschinen mit verpackungsmaterial
IT1242891B (it) * 1990-12-24 1994-05-18 Gd Spa Metodo e dispositivo per il cambio di bobine in una macchina utilizzatrice di materiale in nastro.
IT1253017B (it) * 1991-09-11 1995-07-10 Gd Spa Dispositivo per l'alimentazione di prodotti disposti in serie ad una successivia stazione operativa
IT1253272B (it) * 1991-10-10 1995-07-14 Gd Spa Dispositivo per la sostituzione di bobine di materiale in nastro in una macchina operatrice
DE4221052A1 (de) * 1992-06-30 1994-01-05 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Handhaben von Bobinen aus Materialbahnen
IT1285979B1 (it) * 1996-07-03 1998-06-26 Gd Spa Unita'di alimentazione di materiale di incarto
FI104889B (fi) * 1998-03-05 2000-04-28 Valmet Corp Menetelmä ja sovitelma käärerullien vaihtamiseksi rullankäärintälaitteessa
DE19847160A1 (de) * 1998-10-13 2000-04-20 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Bobinenwechsler
US6494400B1 (en) * 2000-10-25 2002-12-17 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Automatic film roll changer and method of operating the same
JP2006199488A (ja) * 2005-01-24 2006-08-03 Ishida Co Ltd 包装機
CN101734503B (zh) * 2009-11-07 2012-11-14 浙江超伟机械有限公司 连卷袋自动收换卷机构
KR101369516B1 (ko) 2013-06-03 2014-03-04 김형곤 정방향 회전과 역방향 회전을 반복하는 이송관을 구비하는 재료 포장장치 및, 이를 이용한 재료 포장방법
JP6466751B2 (ja) * 2015-03-19 2019-02-06 株式会社イシダ フィルムロール支持装置
WO2017062981A1 (fr) * 2015-10-10 2017-04-13 Wilt Robert R Transporteur à disques pour capsules d'échantillon et autres
IT201700045784A1 (it) * 2017-04-27 2018-10-27 Ri Flex Abrasives S R L Dispositivo alimentatore di bobine
KR102370489B1 (ko) * 2019-12-09 2022-03-07 삼일테크(주) 반도체 패키지 자동 포장장치
WO2021129077A1 (fr) * 2019-12-24 2021-07-01 无锡先导智能装备股份有限公司 Dispositif de remplacement automatique de rouleau et équipement d'enroulement

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EP0144009A2 (fr) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-12 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Machine d'emballage avec support d'emmagasinage pour bobines
DE3501813A1 (de) * 1984-01-25 1985-07-25 G.D S.P.A., Bologna Vorrichtung zur automatischen zufuhr von spulen von verpackungsmaterial zu einer verbrauchermaschine

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DE3721091A1 (de) * 1987-06-26 1989-01-05 Focke & Co Verpackungsmaschine, insbesondere fuer zigaretten

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3202647A1 (de) * 1981-02-25 1982-09-02 G.D. S.p.A., 40100 Bologna Vorrichtung zur zufuhr von spulen zu einer verarbeitungsmaschine
EP0144009A2 (fr) * 1983-11-23 1985-06-12 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Machine d'emballage avec support d'emmagasinage pour bobines
DE3501813A1 (de) * 1984-01-25 1985-07-25 G.D S.P.A., Bologna Vorrichtung zur automatischen zufuhr von spulen von verpackungsmaterial zu einer verbrauchermaschine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0943568A1 (fr) * 1998-02-17 1999-09-22 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Méthode et dispositif pour alimenter des rouleaux
US6076763A (en) * 1998-02-17 2000-06-20 GD. Societa' Per Azioni Reel feeding method and device
CN1093829C (zh) * 1998-02-17 2002-11-06 吉第联合股份公司 卷筒传送方法及其装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8803124A (pt) 1989-01-24
DE3883091D1 (de) 1993-09-16
DE3721091A1 (de) 1989-01-05
US5135103A (en) 1992-08-04
DE3855815D1 (de) 1997-04-10
EP0521538A3 (en) 1993-06-30
US4896842A (en) 1990-01-30
JP2553640B2 (ja) 1996-11-13
EP0296356B1 (fr) 1993-08-11
EP0296356A2 (fr) 1988-12-28
JPS6438360A (en) 1989-02-08
EP0521538B1 (fr) 1997-03-05
CA1294525C (fr) 1992-01-21
EP0296356A3 (en) 1990-03-21

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