EP0474651B1 - Marteau perforateur ou percuteur avec embrayage dans l'entrainement de la percussion - Google Patents
Marteau perforateur ou percuteur avec embrayage dans l'entrainement de la percussion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0474651B1 EP0474651B1 EP90906878A EP90906878A EP0474651B1 EP 0474651 B1 EP0474651 B1 EP 0474651B1 EP 90906878 A EP90906878 A EP 90906878A EP 90906878 A EP90906878 A EP 90906878A EP 0474651 B1 EP0474651 B1 EP 0474651B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupling part
- hammer
- percussion
- drill
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D16/003—Clutches specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/005—Arrangements for adjusting the stroke of the impulse member or for stopping the impact action when the tool is lifted from the working surface
Definitions
- the invention is based on a hammer drill or percussion hammer according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a motor-driven rotary hammer is already known, the percussion mechanism of which is by means of a clutch between an intermediate shaft driven by the motor and the movement converting gear for generating the reciprocating piston movement can be switched off.
- the clutch force is increased by a lever which is acted upon by the reaction forces of the striking mechanism.
- the amplifying force exerted on the coupling is absorbed by a pin in the housing and a bearing of the intermediate shaft, which is supported in a special metal bearing bracket.
- the effectiveness of the force amplification can be reduced by tolerances of the lever, the bearing pin and the bearing bracket.
- the plastic housing can flow under very unfavorable conditions when heat is generated and the position of the pin can change.
- a desired reduction in the contact pressure with such lever structures leads to an extension of the engagement path.
- the hammer drill or percussion hammer according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that both the contact pressure and the contact path for switching on the striking mechanism are reduced. This is achieved by a self-energizing clutch, which uses the motor power of the hammer to increase the clutch force.
- the design of the hammer according to claims 5ff has the advantage that the effectiveness of the clutch force amplification is independent of reactions of non-associated components, such as housings, etc. This is achieved in that the intermediate shaft is free of clutch forces on the outside. This eliminates all tolerances originating from outside, i.e. from housing parts, levers or the like, which impair the function.
- the plastic housing does not absorb any forces from the clutch force reinforcement.
- the measures of claims 13 to 15 relate to a further exemplary embodiment which additionally has a braking device for faster disengagement.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the front part of a rotary hammer in a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a hammer mechanism of a rotary hammer in a second exemplary embodiment.
- the rotary hammer 2 is surrounded by a housing 3 made of plastic and has a tool holder 4 at the front into which a tool 5 can be inserted. Inside the housing 3 there is a motor, not shown, of which only the motor pinion 7 is visible. The pinion 7 meshes with a gear wheel 9 which is fixedly connected to a shaft 8.
- the shaft 8, also referred to as an intermediate shaft, is mounted on both sides in bearings 10, 11 in the housing 3. Following the gear 9, a freely rotating but axially fixed coupling part 12 sits on the intermediate shaft, on which a swash plate is arranged as the drive member 13 of a movement conversion gear 14.
- the design of the swash plate gear 14 and the hammer mechanism 15 driven thereby is described in detail in DE-A-35 06 695 (US-A-4 719 976).
- the coupling part 12 has on the side facing away from the gear 9 an inner cone 17 with a conical surface standing at an acute angle to the shaft axis.
- the coupling part 12 is axially fixed to the intermediate shaft 8 with a snap ring 18.
- the outer cone 21 has a conical outer surface corresponding to the inner cone 17 and can be non-positively coupled with it.
- the coupling part 20 has a radial annular stop surface 22 which points away from the fixed coupling part 12 and which is provided for engaging an actuating element for the coupling.
- the coupling part 20 also has a drum-shaped control sleeve 23, which surrounds the shaft 8 and has an essentially helical control surface 24 on its end face facing away from the cone surface 21.
- the slope of the control surface 24 is not self-locking.
- the control surface has a jump with a short axially directed section 25.
- a separating spring 26 acts on the coupling part 20 in the sense of an opening of the coupling and is supported against the snap ring 18.
- control surface 24 there is a corresponding control surface 27 of a control disk 28, which is fixedly or also integrally connected to the shaft 8.
- the control surface 27 also has a jump with a short axially directed section 29.
- the control disk 28 is connected in one piece to a spur gear 30 which engages in a gear 31 on the tool spindle 32 of the motor hammer and drives it permanently rotating.
- an axial bearing 33 provided with rolling elements is arranged on the main spindle and can be pressed against the stop surface 22 of the coupling part 20.
- the main spindle 32 is connected to the tool 5 via the tool holder 4 and is axially displaceable within limits.
- the striking mechanism 15 is accommodated within the main spindle.
- the motor is switched on, which drives the tool spindle via the gear wheels 7, 9, 30 and 31.
- the coupling part 20 is urged by the spring 26 against the control disk 28, so that the control surfaces 24 and 27 are free from one another and sections 25 and 29 face each other. In this position, the coupling part 20 is rotatably carried along by the control disk 28 and does not move axially relative to the control disk 28.
- the coupling part 20 is non-positively driven by the control disk 28 via the control surfaces 24 and 27 and at the same time is pressed axially against the force of the spring 26 against the coupling part 12.
- the coupling part 20 is wedged between the fixed coupling part 12 and the control disk 28, which results in a self-amplification of the coupling force.
- the coupling part 120 is rotatably supported in a needle bearing 140 and an axial bearing 141 on a control sleeve 123.
- the coupling part 120 carries a lug 142 which, when the coupling is disengaged, can interact with an axially fixed brake plate 143.
- the control sleeve 123 has in its inner bore 119 a control curve 124 in the form of a helical groove.
- a corresponding groove is arranged as a cam 127 in the shaft 108.
- Balls 144 are held in the grooves 124, 127 so that a ball screw is formed.
- a pressure bracket 145 bears against the end face 122 of the control sleeve 123 and is connected via an axial bearing 133 to an axially displaceable tool spindle 132.
- a gear 131 which meshes with a spur gear 130 on the shaft 108, is fastened on the tool spindle 132.
- the function of the clutch 112/120 in the second embodiment corresponds to that of the first embodiment.
- the pressure lever 145 presses against the control sleeve 123 and moves it in the direction of the coupling part 112.
- the gear connection 123, 124, 127, 144 then takes effect the coupling part 112 in a position as shown in Figure 2.
- the control sleeve 123 is braked with respect to the shaft 108 and moved in the direction of the fixed coupling part 112 because of the differential speed as a result of the ball screw 124, 127, 144.
- the pressure lever 145 When the tool is lifted off the rock, the pressure lever 145 is also lifted off the end face 122 and the separating spring 126 and the gas forces of the striking mechanism 115, which exert tensile forces on the drive member in phases, release the clutch 112/120.
- the clutch When the clutch is released, only the control sleeve 123 rotates with the shaft 108; the coupling part 120 rotates via the bearings 140, 141 relative to the control sleeve 123 and faces the striking mechanism 115. Switching off the striking mechanism is facilitated by the brake plate 143 on which the coupling part 120 is braked by stripes with its nose 142.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments. Rather, the individual features from the exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another in another way or with features from the cited prior art, such as the arrangement of a needle bearing on the intermediate shaft for mounting the coupling part 12.
- the clutch 12/20 or 112/120 can also be used instead of purely frictionally positive. B. with more or less flat claws in the axial direction.
- the separating spring 26 can also be integrated in one of the coupling parts 12, 20, e.g. such that it consists of spring steel or has spring steel inserts.
- the invention is also suitable for pure impact hammers. For this, e.g. only the gears 30 and 31 or 130 and 131 to be omitted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
Claims (15)
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur (2) avec une broche d'outil (32) et avec une percussion pneumatique logée de préférence dedans, qui peut être mise en marche au moyen d'un embrayage (12, 20) détachable disposé entre le moteur et un mécanisme de changement du mouvement (14) servant à produire un mouvement de piston à va et vient, embrayage qui présente des pièces d'accouplement (12, 20) maintenues séparées l'une de l'autre par un ressort de séparation (26), l'une de ces pièces (12) étant disposée axialement de façon fixe et l'autre pièce de l'embrayage (20) étant disposée axialement de façon à pouvoir se déplacer et à pouvoir tourner sur un arbre (8), entraîné par le moteur, par rapport à cet arbre (8), marteau perforateur ou percuteur caractérisé en ce que la pièce de l'embrayage (20, 120) qui coulisse axialement est en liaison avec l'arbre (8, 108) par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison d'entraînement (23, 24, 27, 28 ; 123, 124, 127, 144) qui transmet les fractions du couple de rotation de l'arbre (8, 108) sous la forme d'une force de serrage orientée axialement, à la pièce d'embrayage (20, 120).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une surface de commande (27, 127) s'étendant obliquement dans le sens axial est reliée de façon solidaire à l'arbre (8, 108), surface qui coopère avec une surface de commande (24, 124) sur une douille de commande (23, 123), surface qui est en liaison avec une pièce d'embrayage correspondante (20, 120) s'étendant également de façon oblique, et pouvant coulisser axialement, et en ce que l'embrayage (12/20, 112/120) peut être mis en prise par un mouvement de poussée de la douille de commande (23, 123) le long des courbes de commande (24, 27, 124, 127), mouvement qui suit une ligne hélicoïdale.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la douille de commande qui peut coulisser (23, 123) peut être déplacée par la broche qui peut coulisser axialement (32, 132) du marteau dans le sens de la fermeture.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on dispose un roulement axial (33, 133) réduisant les frottements, entre la broche de l'outil (32, 132) et la douille de commande (23, 123).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce d'embrayage axialement fixe (12) peut tourner par rapport à l'arbre (8) et la surface de commande (27) est disposée sur un disque de commande (28).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour faire tourner la pièce d'embrayage pouvant coulisser axialement (20) par rapport au disque de commande (28), la pièce d'embrayage (20) vient en position opérationnelle aussi bien avec la partie axialement fixe de l'embrayage (12) qu'avec le disque de commande (28) pour transmettre un couple de rotation.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce d'embrayage pouvant coulisser (20) est comprimée sous l'action du ressort de séparation (26) contre la face de commande (24).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce d'embrayage axialement fixe (12) est disposée sur l'organe d'entraînement (13) du mécanisme de changement du mouvement (14).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le disque de commande (28) est relié à une roue droite pour entraîner en rotation la broche (32) du marteau.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de commande (24, 27) présentent respectivement des bossages avec des découpes (25, 29) s'étendant axialement pour l'entraînement en rotation qui dans le cas où l'embrayage est débrayé, se trouvent l'une en regard de l'autre.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'entre les pièces de l'embrayage (12, 20) on dispose un ressort (26) qui les écarte l'une de l'autre.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'une des pièces de l'embrayage (12, 20) est élastique dans le sens axial ou présente des zones élastiques qui déploient une force d'ouverture quand l'embrayage est fermé.
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dont la pièce axialement fixe de l'embrayage est reliée également de façon fixe radialement à l'arbre, marteau caractérisé en ce que la pièce d'embrayage qui peut coulisser axialement (120) peut tourner par rapport à la douille de commande (123).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (108) et la douille de commande 123) présentent des rainures en forme de spirale en tant que courbes de commande (124, 127), dans lesquelles sont maintenues des billes (144).
- Marteau perforateur ou percuteur selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé par un dispositif de freinage avec une tôle de freinage fixe (143), sur laquelle vient en appui la pièce d'embrayage (120) en position axiale débrayée et par laquelle elle est freinée.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3917644 | 1989-05-31 | ||
DE3917644 | 1989-05-31 | ||
DE3931329A DE3931329C1 (fr) | 1989-05-31 | 1989-09-20 | |
DE3931329 | 1989-09-20 | ||
PCT/DE1990/000341 WO1990014929A1 (fr) | 1989-05-31 | 1990-05-12 | Marteau perforateur ou percuteur avec embrayage dans l'entrainement de la percussion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0474651A1 EP0474651A1 (fr) | 1992-03-18 |
EP0474651B1 true EP0474651B1 (fr) | 1994-08-24 |
Family
ID=25881420
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90906878A Expired - Lifetime EP0474651B1 (fr) | 1989-05-31 | 1990-05-12 | Marteau perforateur ou percuteur avec embrayage dans l'entrainement de la percussion |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5277259A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0474651B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2930711B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9007403A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3931329C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1990014929A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4231985A1 (de) * | 1992-09-24 | 1994-03-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Bohr- und/oder Schlaghammer |
DE4239294A1 (de) * | 1992-11-23 | 1994-05-26 | Black & Decker Inc | Bohrhammer mit pneumatischem Schlagwerk |
CO4130343A1 (es) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-02-13 | Sencorp | Herramienta electromecanica para guiar grapas |
DE4344849A1 (de) * | 1993-12-29 | 1995-07-06 | Fein C & E | Werkzeugmaschine |
WO1995023049A1 (fr) * | 1994-02-28 | 1995-08-31 | Atlas Copco Berema Aktiebolag | Systeme de soupapes dans des moteurs a air comprime |
DE19510964A1 (de) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-09-26 | Hilti Ag | Handgerät zur trockenen materialabtragenden Bearbeitung von spröden und/oder duktil versagenden Bauteilen und Adapter für ein Hammerbohrgerät |
DE19717712A1 (de) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-22 | Black & Decker Inc | Bohrhammer |
DE19955412A1 (de) * | 1999-11-18 | 2001-05-23 | Hilti Ag | Bohr- und Meisselgerät |
DE10106034B4 (de) * | 2001-02-09 | 2009-11-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine |
DE10140319A1 (de) * | 2001-08-16 | 2003-03-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere Bohr- und/oder Meißelhammer |
GB0213289D0 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2002-07-24 | Black & Decker Inc | Rotary hammer |
GB0214772D0 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2002-08-07 | Black & Decker Inc | Hammer |
GB2394437A (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-28 | Black & Decker Inc | Hammer including a piston with wear-reducing washers |
GB2396130B (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2005-09-28 | Black & Decker Inc | Apparatus for producing self-exciting hammer action, and rotary power tool incorporating such apparatus |
GB0311045D0 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2003-06-18 | Black & Decker Inc | Rotary hammer |
DE10332694B3 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2004-10-28 | Eisenbach, Bernhard, Dipl.-Ing. | Werkzeugmaschine zum drehbaren und zuschaltbaren Antrieb von einem oder mehreren Werkzeugen |
DE102004026845A1 (de) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere Bohr- und/oder Schlaghammer |
EP1674207B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-12-10 | BLACK & DECKER INC. | Outil motorisé |
GB2422569A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-02 | Black & Decker Inc | Rotary hammer |
GB2423050A (en) * | 2005-02-10 | 2006-08-16 | Black & Decker Inc | Hammer with ramps causing pivotal oscillation |
DE102005047600A1 (de) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-04-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einer Welle und mit einem auf der Welle gelagerten Hubantriebslager |
DE102006056849A1 (de) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine |
DE102007001494B3 (de) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-10 | Aeg Electric Tools Gmbh | Handgeführter Bohrhammer |
DE102007009985A1 (de) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugmaschine |
DE102009027560A1 (de) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bohrhammer- und/oder Meißelgerät |
JP5395620B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-02 | 2014-01-22 | 株式会社マキタ | 打撃工具 |
CN101758486B (zh) * | 2010-01-21 | 2011-09-28 | 浙江海王电器有限公司 | 轻型单钮多功能电锤 |
US8636081B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-01-28 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Rotary hammer |
DE102010062094A1 (de) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hammerschlagwerk |
WO2013116680A1 (fr) * | 2012-02-03 | 2013-08-08 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Marteau rotatif |
DE102013208900A1 (de) * | 2013-05-14 | 2014-11-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handwerkzeugvorrichtung |
JP6325360B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-12 | 2018-05-16 | 株式会社マキタ | 打撃工具 |
US9909666B2 (en) | 2014-12-01 | 2018-03-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Hammer having piston sleeve with spiral grooves |
CN206200893U (zh) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-05-31 | 布兰特·戈登·麦克阿瑟 | 一种可配合家用电钻使用的电动凿具 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2449191C2 (de) * | 1974-10-16 | 1988-03-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Hammer |
JPS5969808U (ja) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-05-11 | 株式会社マキタ | 震動ドリルにおける震動装置 |
DE3311265A1 (de) * | 1983-03-28 | 1984-10-11 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Elektropneumatischer bohr- und meisselhammer |
DE3429140A1 (de) * | 1984-08-08 | 1986-02-20 | Black & Decker Inc., Newark, Del. | Bohrhammer mit einem pneumatischen schlagwerk |
DE3503507A1 (de) * | 1985-02-02 | 1986-08-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Bohrhammer |
DE3506695A1 (de) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Bohrhammer |
DE3732288C2 (de) * | 1987-09-25 | 1993-10-14 | Atlas Copco Elektrowerkzeuge | Elektropneumatischer Drehschlagbohrhammer mit einer Vorrichtung zum Stillsetzen des Schlagwerkes |
JPH024072A (ja) * | 1988-06-20 | 1990-01-09 | Fujitsu Ltd | パケット交換方式 |
-
1989
- 1989-09-20 DE DE3931329A patent/DE3931329C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-05-12 DE DE59006913T patent/DE59006913D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-12 BR BR909007403A patent/BR9007403A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-12 EP EP90906878A patent/EP0474651B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-12 WO PCT/DE1990/000341 patent/WO1990014929A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1990-05-12 US US07/773,899 patent/US5277259A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-12 JP JP2506906A patent/JP2930711B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1990014929A1 (fr) | 1990-12-13 |
DE3931329C1 (fr) | 1990-06-28 |
EP0474651A1 (fr) | 1992-03-18 |
DE59006913D1 (de) | 1994-09-29 |
BR9007403A (pt) | 1992-06-16 |
JPH04506036A (ja) | 1992-10-22 |
US5277259A (en) | 1994-01-11 |
JP2930711B2 (ja) | 1999-08-03 |
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