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EP0363406A1 - Ecoutille de protection pour sortir verticalement d'un abri. - Google Patents

Ecoutille de protection pour sortir verticalement d'un abri.

Info

Publication number
EP0363406A1
EP0363406A1 EP88904916A EP88904916A EP0363406A1 EP 0363406 A1 EP0363406 A1 EP 0363406A1 EP 88904916 A EP88904916 A EP 88904916A EP 88904916 A EP88904916 A EP 88904916A EP 0363406 A1 EP0363406 A1 EP 0363406A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
protective hatch
pipe socket
recess
protective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88904916A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0363406B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Janitzky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT88904916T priority Critical patent/ATE73889T1/de
Publication of EP0363406A1 publication Critical patent/EP0363406A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0363406B1 publication Critical patent/EP0363406B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective hatch for the vertical exit from a shelter system, in particular from an underground shelter system.
  • the known protective bunker systems according to DE-OS 1074 852 or US Pat. No. 3,196,813 each have an exit or protective hatch with a cover which can be opened upwards. Although these exit hatches can be made gas-tight, they cannot be used to protect against the pressure and suction waves after atomic detonation. In addition, the lids that open upwards cannot be pressed * in any case if debris or other heavy materials have accumulated above these lids.
  • the entire dome-shaped roof is raised by means of a hydraulic device in order to provide access to the outside world. Loads on such a roof can be pushed up by means of the hydraulic lifting device, but the known arrangement does not allow an observation position, the interior of the previously known shelter system is in direct contact with the outside world as soon as the roof is raised even slightly.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a protective or exit hatch for vertical exit from a preferably underground shelter system, which is designed so that it can be arranged in the level of the surrounding area, also raised against destructive loads can be sealed against pressure and suction waves and observation is possible while maintaining the seal.
  • a protective hatch for the vertical exit from a protective room system with a metallic hood which is inserted into a recess in an upper end wall of the protective room system and has an upper, arched cover and a pipe connection connected in one piece, the outer dimensions of which are only are slightly smaller than the internal dimensions of the recess, the cover having an edge area which projects radially with respect to the pipe socket, - the underside of which lies in the closed position via a seal on the upper edge region of the recess and one on the hood in the immediate vicinity of its pipe socket parallel to the axial direction and freely rotatable actuating rod is attached, to which a lifting device is assigned which has a stroke length which is greater than the axial length of the pipe socket, so that the hood can be rotated freely above the end wall in the extended position .
  • the metal hood is stiffened by the pipe socket so that it can also withstand the pressure and suction waves. It is supported against the pressure wave by means of its edge area on the upper end wall, as a result of which a secure seal and high mechanical strength are achieved. When a suction wave acts on it, the edge region can lift off from the upper end wall without the seal being lost as a result. A full leak is only achieved when the hood is pulled out of the recess so far that your pipe socket is released. Sufficient mechanical precautions can be taken against this. The only important thing is that the hood can be raised by a certain amount, so no rigid attachment is necessary, but the seal is not lost.
  • the hood can also be raised against a load, for example formed by a door. If it is lifted into the open position, it can be pivoted away from the entry area of the recess by turning the actuating rod, and the full cross section of the recess is then available for getting out and entering.
  • a load for example formed by a door.
  • observation windows in a gas-tight manner in the pipe socket and preferably in the vicinity of the cover.
  • an intermediate position of the hood between its closed position and its open position can be used for observing the surroundings without losing the sealing of the protective hatch from the outside world.
  • an all-round view of the protective hatch is preferably possible, as a result of which the dangers of fully opening the protective hatch can be assessed, and the state of the environment can be observed.
  • the lifting device can preferably be blocked or switched so that it exerts a permanent pull on the hood. As a result, the hood is pressed into the sealing position. A violent opening from the outside, either by the suction wave or by other causes, is made more difficult. It has also proven to be advantageous here to let the cover into the upper end wall to such an extent that it does not protrude from it. Prying open the hood from the outside is practically impossible.
  • the invention therefore proposes a closure which more resembles a cork in a bottle neck and seals as long as it is inside the bottle neck.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through the protective hatch according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged illustration of detail II in FIG. 1 (sealing area)
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of the observation window
  • FIG. 4 shows a bottom view of the Protective hatch hood.
  • the protective hatch for vertical exit from a preferably lower Earthly shelter system, to which reference number 10 indicates, has a metallic hood 12 which is inserted into a recess 14 in an upper end wall 16 made of concrete.
  • This end wall is preferably a cylindrical cover plate of an outlet pipe of an underground protective bunker system, as is known from German Patent 3144 141.
  • the recess 14 is limited by concrete in the embodiment shown, it is by careful formwork, z. B. steel formwork, made when casting the end wall 16. However, in another embodiment, it can also be limited by a metal connecting piece which is connected to the end wall 16.
  • the recess 14 is essentially cylindrical, it has a gradation 18 in the uppermost region.
  • the gradation 18 is practically completely filled by the hood 12, provided that it is in the closed position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the hood 12 essentially consists of a dome-shaped cover 22, which is convex towards the outer region 20, and a pipe socket 24 connected to it in one piece.
  • the latter has an outer diameter which is only insignificantly smaller than the clear inner diameter of the cutout 14 embodiment, recess 14 and hence also the hood 12 round in cross section, this is a forthcoming 'ferred embodiment.
  • angular, z. B. produce polygonal designs.
  • the outer diameter of the cover 22 is approximately 90 cm.
  • the length of the pipe socket is about half the outer diameter of the cover.
  • the cover is stiffened by a total of ten ribs running in a star shape, it is smooth on the outside and forms a spherical cap.
  • the wall thickness of the cover 22 is approximately 25 to 50 mm, the ribs 26 project approximately 12 cm inwards. They leave a central area 28 of about 6 cm inside diameter free, in that there is an internal thread into which a closure body 29 in the form of a grub screw is tightly screwed. It can be removed and an additional safety valve can be installed in its place.
  • the hood 12 is off Cast aluminum, such as GAlSi 12, or a cast steel.
  • the wall thickness of the pipe socket 24 is comparable to the wall thickness of the cover 22, the pipe socket 24 is also stiffened by inner ribs 30, which can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, and towards the lower, free edge 32 of the hood 12 to a small height of leak a few millimeters.
  • the cover 22 has an edge region 34 which projects over the pipe socket 24 and which is shaped in accordance with the gradation 18.
  • a first seal is provided on the inner fillet of the edge area, which is made as a circular ring made of elastic material.
  • Fig. 2 the relaxed state of this seal 36 is shown, from this figure it can be seen that the outer, lower edge of the seal 36 comes to rest when closing the hood 12 on a plateau of the gradation 18 before the actual closing process is finished .
  • the seal 36 is also most strongly compressed in this area. Dimensional tolerances are compensated for by the construction described.
  • the height of the gradation 18 corresponds to the height of the edge area 34, as a result of which the top of the cover 22 merges smoothly into the curved top of the cover 22.
  • the gap between cover 22 and step 18 is chosen to be as small as possible, and is also conical. These measures make it more difficult for a tool to be lifted in the hood 12 from the outer region 20.
  • a pipe 38 is provided on the pipe socket 24, which is connected to it in one piece and extends over its entire length, for receiving an actuating rod 40; the details can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • the actuating rod 40 is connected to the cover 22 of the hood 12 by suitable measures, in the exemplary embodiment shown this is done by a screw 42 which is accessible from the outer region 20.
  • the actuating rod 40 can also be secured by a pin within its channel 38, into which it fits without play.
  • the actuating rod is guided and held by at least one clamp 44, which, as shown in FIG. 1, is on the concrete body of the shelter would be 10 attached.
  • the lower free edge 32 of the hood 12 is at the same height as the lower edge of the end wall 16 (in the closed position according to FIG. 1).
  • 46 denotes a section of the cylinder of the outlet pipe. A seal, which can be seen in FIG. 1, is interposed between the two.
  • the clamp 44 is attached directly to a central tensioning tube which runs in the outlet tube 46.
  • a hydraulic lifting device of a known type, not shown in the figures.
  • a spindle drive or another drive device that enables vertical movement of the actuating rod 40 can also be provided.
  • the drive device is designed so that the load located on the top of the cover 22 can be raised, for example due to debris.
  • the actuating rod can be pivoted relative to the lifting device, as will be described later.
  • a second seal 48 projects outwards on the outer jacket of the pipe socket 24, which is also designed as a flat cylinder ring. With its free, outer end region, it grinds against the cylindrical inner wall of the recess 14.
  • a total of five observation windows 50 are provided.
  • slots are formed in the pipe socket 24, behind which are formed webs 52 during casting, between which two prisms 54, 56 are arranged. They are pressed against the webs 54 by means of a plate 58 (see FIG. 3).
  • the observation windows 50 can be arranged relatively close to the edge region 34, because the offset of the light way there is enough space below the cover 22 for observation.
  • the hood 12 is raised above the actuating rod 40 to such an extent that the slots in the observation window 50 lie above the surface of the end wall 16, the surroundings can be observed through the five observation windows, the seal against the outside world being maintained via the second seal 48 preserved.
  • This seal is additionally supported by the fact that an overpressure is maintained in the inner area compared to the outer area 20, so that in the event of a leak in the area of the second seal air flows outwards at this leak point, in any case no air enters below the hood 12 can.
  • the actuating rod 40 and thus the hood 12 can be pivoted, preferably it is pivoted through 180 degrees, as a result of which practically the whole is clear space of the recess 14 free for the exit upwards.
  • the lifting device is preferably designed such that the actuating rod 40 can also be pulled down, as a result of which the seal 36 is pressed against the step 18.
  • This coating 60 is material such as is also used for missiles which are intended to be immersed in the earth's atmosphere again after a flight.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Une écoutille de protection pour sortir verticalement d'un abri comporte un dome métallique (12) placé dans un évidement (14) ménagé dans une paroi de fermeture supérieure (16) de l'abri, un couvercle supérieur bombé (22), et une tubulure (24) solidaire dudit couvercle. Les dimensions externes de la tubulure ne sont que légèrement inférieures aux dimensions intérieures de l'évidement (14). Le couvercle (22) possède une région marginale (34) en saillie radiale par rapport à la tubulure (24), dont la face inférieure repose, en position de fermeture, sur un joint (36) au niveau de la région marginale supérieure de l'évidement (14). Une tige d'actionnement (40) librement rotative et s'étendant parallèlement au sens axial est fixée au dome (12) à proximité immédiate de la tubulure (24) et est reliée à un dispositif de levage dont la longueur de levage est supérieure à la longueur axiale de la tubulure (24), de sorte qu'en position ouverte, le dome (12) est librement rotatif au-dessus de la paroi de fermeture (16).
EP88904916A 1987-06-16 1988-06-09 Ecoutille de protection pour sortir verticalement d'un abri Expired - Lifetime EP0363406B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88904916T ATE73889T1 (de) 1987-06-16 1988-06-09 Schutzluke fuer den vertikalen ausstieg aus einer schutzraumanlage.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8708487U 1987-06-16
DE8708487U DE8708487U1 (de) 1987-06-16 1987-06-16 Schutzluke für den vertikalen Ausstieg aus einer Schutzraumanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363406A1 true EP0363406A1 (fr) 1990-04-18
EP0363406B1 EP0363406B1 (fr) 1992-03-18

Family

ID=6809202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88904916A Expired - Lifetime EP0363406B1 (fr) 1987-06-16 1988-06-09 Ecoutille de protection pour sortir verticalement d'un abri

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0363406B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE73889T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8708487U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1988010353A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR857211A (fr) * 1939-07-03 1940-08-31 Acieries De Sambre Et Meuse Guérite-abri
GB577933A (en) * 1940-07-12 1946-06-06 Francis Norman Pickett An improved means for the protection of aerodromes, aircraft landing fields and other situations
US2395310A (en) * 1942-09-10 1946-02-19 Wilson John Hart Armament structure
US2792794A (en) * 1955-05-26 1957-05-21 William H Miller Bomb shelter
ATE23924T1 (de) * 1982-09-27 1986-12-15 Heierli Werner Schutzvorrichtung zum beobachten und verteidigen, insbesondere fuer die infanterie und fuer bewachungsaufgaben.
DE3604466A1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1987-08-20 Hoesch Ag Transportable zivilschutzvorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8810353A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0363406B1 (fr) 1992-03-18
DE8708487U1 (de) 1987-08-27
ATE73889T1 (de) 1992-04-15
WO1988010353A1 (fr) 1988-12-29
DE3869413D1 (de) 1992-04-23

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