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EP0342502B1 - Automatic coupling for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Automatic coupling for railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0342502B1
EP0342502B1 EP89108398A EP89108398A EP0342502B1 EP 0342502 B1 EP0342502 B1 EP 0342502B1 EP 89108398 A EP89108398 A EP 89108398A EP 89108398 A EP89108398 A EP 89108398A EP 0342502 B1 EP0342502 B1 EP 0342502B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
coupling according
force
tension
tie bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89108398A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0342502A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Loutan
Markus Lothar Geng
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Georg Fischer AG
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Georg Fischer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Fischer AG filed Critical Georg Fischer AG
Priority to AT89108398T priority Critical patent/ATE72546T1/en
Publication of EP0342502A1 publication Critical patent/EP0342502A1/en
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Publication of EP0342502B1 publication Critical patent/EP0342502B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61GCOUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G1/00Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means
    • B61G1/40Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means with coupling bars having an enlarged or recessed end which slips into the opposite coupling part and is gripped thereby, e.g. arrow-head type; with coupling parts having a tong-like gripping action

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic clutch for rail vehicles, as characterized in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention is to create an automatic clutch of the type mentioned at the outset, in which a disengagement under a large amount of tensile force is possible with a small amount of force, with disengagement of the clutch being completely excluded in the engaged state.
  • Fig. 1 shows in cross section one of the two coupling heads of the same type, on the head piece 1 a draw bolt 3 and a draw pin receptacle 4 is arranged.
  • the tension bolt 3 has a tapered bolt head 5, a recess 6 with an end-shaped clamping surface 7 and two cylindrical centering parts 8.
  • the draw bolt receptacle 4 has a wear-resistant centering ring 9 arranged in the head piece 1 and a receiving part 10 which is fixedly connected to the head piece 1.
  • a locking lever 12 is pivotally mounted on two bolts 11, the nose-shaped closing part 13 of which can be pivoted through openings 14 of the receiving part 10 into the interior 15 thereof.
  • the locking lever 12 has a pressure cam 37 with a contact surface 38 in the region of the bearing on the bolt 11.
  • the openings 14 are sealed by the closing lever 12 resting on seals 44 so that no contaminants can get into the interior of the coupling piece 1 from the draw bolt receptacle 4.
  • a frame 16 is mounted displaceably in the direction of the longitudinal axis 17 of the draw bolt receptacle 4 or the draw bolt 3 of the second coupling head and surrounds the receiving part 10 with the locking levers 12.
  • the frame 16 each has a contact contour 18 which interacts with the locking levers 12.
  • Two guide bolts 40 are fastened to the frame 16, on which a cross member 19 is mounted so as to be displaceable relative to the frame 16 against the pressure of springs 39.
  • a push rod 20 Coaxial to the longitudinal axis 17 is a push rod 20 which is inserted through a bore in the cross member 19, one end 21 of which sticks in a bore 22 of the receiving part 10 and extends into its interior 15 and the other end 23 in a blind hole 24 of the rear piece 2 is led.
  • guide rods 28 are fastened on both sides of the push rod, the free end of which are guided in blind holes 29 of the rear piece 2 and on which compression springs 30 are arranged on the rear piece 2 and on the crossbar 19.
  • a bolt 32 is arranged on the cross member 19 so as to be pivotable about the bolt 31 and has a lever arm 33 above and below the cross member 19 and the push rod 20, each with a recess 34 and a stop surface 35. Between the cross member 19 and the bolt 32 tension springs 36 are arranged above and below, which press the bolt 32 against the driver 25, so that their tops 26 are held in the recesses 34.
  • a lifting magnet 45 is arranged in the rear piece 2, to which an unlocking rod 41 is provided, which is provided with a collar 42 forming a stop surface, the direction of movement of which extends preferably transversely to the longitudinal axis 17.
  • Solenoid valves controllable compressed air cylinders or an electric motor with reduction gear can be used.
  • An active part 43 is arranged in the rear part 2 to the side of the push rod 20 and is actuated by a linkage (not shown). The pivoting movement of the active part 43 preferably runs transversely to the longitudinal axis 17.
  • Fig. 1 shows the coupling head in the ready-to-couple state, wherein the crossbar 19 is pressed against the pressure cams 37 of the locking lever 12 by the pressure of the springs 30, so that they bear sealingly against the receiving part 10 in the pivoted-in position.
  • the frame 16 and the push rod 20 are in the direction of the draw bolt receptacle in the end position, which is also brought about by the compression springs 30 and the compression spring 27.
  • the locking levers 12 are pivoted outwards by the conical shape of the bolt head until they rest on the cylindrical part of the bolt head 5.
  • the crossbeam 19 is pushed back by the pressure cams 37 of the locking lever 12 by a small amount (approx. 2 mm), the compression springs 27 and 30 also being compressed by the amount and pulling the frame 16 with the prestressing force of the compression springs 39.
  • the cross member 19 When retracting further, the bolt head 5 comes to rest against the front end 21 of the push rod 20 and pushes it back, the cross member 19 also being displaced via the attachments 26 of the driver 25 and the bolt 32 arranged on the cross member 19, which is carried out by the compression springs 27 and 30 formed spring 50 is further tensioned.
  • the cross member 19 pulls the frame 16 via the springs 39 until it is held by the locking levers 12 on its inclined part 18a of the contact contours 18.
  • the couplings are precisely aligned or centered by the centering part 8 of the tension bolt 3 and the centering ring 9.
  • Locking lever (12) H: h is preferably 3: 1.
  • Fig. 4 shows the clutch in the unlocked and uncoupled position, the couplings have not yet been pulled apart.
  • unlocking takes place either from the driver's cab of the train by remote control by switching on the solenoid 45 or an air cylinder or geared motor or by manual actuation of the active part 43.
  • This creates a required feed force V on the frame 16 with a friction coefficient ⁇ 1 between the locking lever and the frame of V ⁇ 1 ⁇ P.
  • the force required for unlocking the unlocking rod is thereby significantly reduced compared to the tensile force acting on the draw bolt.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of a spring accumulator makes it possible for it to be charged when coupling and to release its energy when uncoupling, in order to return the locking mechanism to the "ready to couple” position.
  • the locking lever When engaged, the locking lever is securely locked by the frame.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

Each coupling head of a vehicle coupling comprises a spring accumulator 50 consisting of compression springs 27, 30 which are energized by a pressure bar 20 when a tension bolt 3 of the head is moved inward. The coupling of the tension bolt 3 in a tension bolt receptacle 4 occurs by engagement levers 12, which are locked by a displaceable frame 16 in the coupled state. The unlocking is remotely operable by actuation of a solenoid 45 which actuates a latch 32 through an unlocking bar 41. Because of this unlocking, the frame 16 is displaced by the force of the spring accumulator, so that the locking of the engagement levers 12 is released and the coupling can be decoupled.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbsttätige Kupplung für Schienenfahrzeuge, wie sie im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist.The invention relates to an automatic clutch for rail vehicles, as characterized in the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige selbsttätige Kupplungen sind bekannt, wobei für deren Entriegelung eine erhebliche Kraft erforderlich ist, welche z.T. auch von der momentan beim Entkuppeln zwischen den Kupplungsteilen wirkenden Zugkraft abhängig ist.Such automatic clutches are known, wherein a considerable force is required to unlock them, which in some cases. is also dependent on the tractive force currently acting between the coupling parts when uncoupling.

Für den automatischen Betrieb ist eine Fernbedienung des Entkupplungsvorganges aus dem Führerhaus erforderlich, wobei das Entkuppeln unter einer grösseren Zugkrafteinwirkung gewährleistet sein muss.Remote control of the uncoupling process from the driver's cab is required for automatic operation, and uncoupling must be ensured under the influence of greater tractive force.

Für die Zukunft wird mit einer steigenden Zahl von sogenannten "all electric" Schienenfahrzeugen, insbesondere bei Strassenbahnen und Untergrundbahnen gerechnet, so dass eine Fernbedienung der Entkupplungsvorrichtung ohne Druckluftaggregate erforderlich ist.In the future, an increasing number of so-called "all electric" rail vehicles, in particular trams and subways, is expected, so that remote control of the decoupling device without compressed air units is required.

Eine selbsttätige und fernbedienbare Kupplung der eingangs genannten Art ist durch die DE-C-456 632 bekanntgeworden, bei welcher die Schliesshebel von durch Blattfedern erzeugte Federkraft in Schliessstellung gehalten werden. Bei Ermüdung bezw. Bruch der Blattfedern oder bei sehr hohen Zugkräften kann sich die Kupplung lösen.An automatic and remote-controlled clutch of the type mentioned has become known from DE-C-456 632, in which the locking lever is generated by leaf springs Spring force in the closed position. In case of fatigue or If the leaf springs break or if the tensile forces are very high, the coupling can come loose.

Ausserdem muss beim Oeffnen der Schliesshebel die Federkraft der Blattfedern durch die Kraft des Federspeichers überwunden werden, was hohe Federkräfte des Federspeichers erfordert.In addition, the spring force of the leaf springs must be overcome by the force of the spring accumulator when opening the locking lever, which requires high spring forces of the spring accumulator.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer selbsttätigen Kupplung der eingangs genannten Art, bei welcher auch ein Entkuppeln unter einer grossen Zugkrafteinwirkung mit einem kleinen Kraftaufwand möglich ist, wobei im eingekuppelten Zustand ein Lösen der Kupplung vollständig ausgeschlossen sein soll.The object of the present invention is to create an automatic clutch of the type mentioned at the outset, in which a disengagement under a large amount of tensile force is possible with a small amount of force, with disengagement of the clutch being completely excluded in the engaged state.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet.Particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

Durch die Anlage der Schliesshebel in gekuppelter Stellung an einer Anlagekontur eines verschiebbaren Rahmens ist ein Oeffnen der Schliesshebel und somit ein ungewolltes Entkuppeln auch bei hohen Zugkräften ausgeschlossen. Zum Entkuppeln wird der Rahmen lediglich gegen Reibungskräfte mittels des Federspeichers verschonen, so dass geringe Federkräfte des Federspeichers hierfür erforderlich sind.By engaging the locking lever in a coupled position on a bearing contour of a sliding frame, opening of the locking lever and thus an unwanted decoupling even with high tensile forces is excluded. To decouple the frame is only spared against frictional forces by means of the spring accumulator, so that low spring forces of the spring accumulator are required for this.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in den beiliegenden Zeichnungen dargestellt und nachfolgend beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Einen Schnitt durch eine Kupplungshälfte im kuppelbereiten Zustand,
  • Fig. 2 einen Teilschnitt von Fig. 1 in einer Zwischenstellung während des Kuppelns von beiden Kupplungsköpfen,
  • Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt von Fig. 1, wobei beide Kupplungshälften gekuppelt und verriegelt sind,
  • Fig. 4 einen Teilschnitt von Fig. 1 in der Wirkstellung entriegelt und entkuppelt, wobei die Kupplungen noch nicht auseinandergezogen sind und
  • Fig. 5 einen Teilschnitt von Fig. 1 in der Wirkstellung entriegelt und entkuppelt, wobei die Kupplungsköpfe zum Teil auseinandergezogen sind.
The invention is illustrated using an exemplary embodiment in the accompanying drawings and described below. Show it:
  • 1 shows a section through a coupling half when ready for coupling,
  • 2 shows a partial section of FIG. 1 in an intermediate position during the coupling of both coupling heads,
  • 3 is a partial section of FIG. 1, both coupling halves being coupled and locked,
  • FIG. 4 unlocks and uncouples a partial section of FIG. 1 in the operative position, the couplings not yet being pulled apart and
  • Fig. 5 unlocks and uncouples a partial section of Fig. 1 in the operative position, the coupling heads being partially pulled apart.

Fig. 1 zeigt im Querschnitt einen der beiden gleichartigen Kupplungsköpfe, an dessen Kopfstück 1 ein Zugbolzen 3 und eine Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 angeordnet ist.Fig. 1 shows in cross section one of the two coupling heads of the same type, on the head piece 1 a draw bolt 3 and a draw pin receptacle 4 is arranged.

Der Zugbolzen 3 weist einen kegeligen Bolzenkopf 5, eine Eindrehung 6 mit einer stirnförmigen Klemmfläche 7 und zwei zylindrische Zentrierpartien 8 auf.The tension bolt 3 has a tapered bolt head 5, a recess 6 with an end-shaped clamping surface 7 and two cylindrical centering parts 8.

Die Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 weist einen im Kopfstück 1 angeordneten verschleissfesten Zentrierring 9 und ein im Kopfstück 1 fest mit diesem verbundenes Aufnahmeteil 10 auf. Am Aufnahmeteil 10 sind auf zwei Bolzen 11 jeweils ein Schliesshebel 12 schwenkbar gelagert, deren nasenförmige Schliesspartie 13 durch Oeffnungen 14 des Aufnahmeteils 10 in dessen Innenraum 15 einschwenkbar sind. Der Schliesshebel 12 weist im Bereich der Lagerung am Bolzen 11 einen Druck-Nokken 37 mit einer Anlagefläche 38 auf.The draw bolt receptacle 4 has a wear-resistant centering ring 9 arranged in the head piece 1 and a receiving part 10 which is fixedly connected to the head piece 1. On the receiving part 10, a locking lever 12 is pivotally mounted on two bolts 11, the nose-shaped closing part 13 of which can be pivoted through openings 14 of the receiving part 10 into the interior 15 thereof. The locking lever 12 has a pressure cam 37 with a contact surface 38 in the region of the bearing on the bolt 11.

Im eingeschwenkten Zustand sind die Oeffnungen 14 durch die Anlage des Schliesshebels 12 an Dichtungen 44 abgedichtet so dass keine Verunreinigungen von der Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 in den Innenraum des Kopstückes 1 gelangen können.In the pivoted-in state, the openings 14 are sealed by the closing lever 12 resting on seals 44 so that no contaminants can get into the interior of the coupling piece 1 from the draw bolt receptacle 4.

Im Kopfstück 1 ist ein Rahmen 16 in Richtung der Längsachse 17 der Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 bzw. des Zugbolzens 3 des zweiten Kupplungskopfes verschiebbar gelagert und umgreift das Aufnahmeteil 10 mit den Schliesshebeln 12.In the head piece 1, a frame 16 is mounted displaceably in the direction of the longitudinal axis 17 of the draw bolt receptacle 4 or the draw bolt 3 of the second coupling head and surrounds the receiving part 10 with the locking levers 12.

Der Rahmen 16 weist jeweils eine mit den Schliesshebeln 12 zusammenwirkende Anlagekontur 18 auf. Am Rahmen 16 sind zwei Führungsbolzen 40 befestigt, auf welchen eine Traverse 19 gegen den Druck von Federn 39 relativ zum Rahmen 16 verschiebbar gelagert ist.The frame 16 each has a contact contour 18 which interacts with the locking levers 12. Two guide bolts 40 are fastened to the frame 16, on which a cross member 19 is mounted so as to be displaceable relative to the frame 16 against the pressure of springs 39.

Koaxial zur Längsachse 17 ist eine, durch eine Bohrung der Traverse 19 gesteckte Druckstange 20 angeordnet, von der das eine Ende 21 in einer Bohrung 22 des Aufnahmeteils 10 steckend bis in dessen Innenraum 15 reicht und das andere Ende 23 in einem Sackloch 24 des Heckstückes 2 geführt ist.Coaxial to the longitudinal axis 17 is a push rod 20 which is inserted through a bore in the cross member 19, one end 21 of which sticks in a bore 22 of the receiving part 10 and extends into its interior 15 and the other end 23 in a blind hole 24 of the rear piece 2 is led.

Auf der Druckstange 20 ist an einer Absatzfläche anliegend ein Mitnehmer 25 angeordnet, welcher zwei radial gegenüberliegende Aufsätze 26 aufweist. Zwischen dem Mitnehmer 25 und dem Heckstück 2 ist eine Druckfeder 27 angeordnet, welche den Mitnehmer 25 gegen die Absatzfläche der Druckstange 20 drückt.A driver 25, which has two radially opposite attachments 26, is arranged on the push rod 20, abutting a sales surface. Between the driver 25 and the rear piece 2, a compression spring 27 is arranged, which presses the driver 25 against the heel surface of the push rod 20.

An der Traverse 19 sind beidseits der Druckstange 20 Führungsstangen 28 befestigt, deren freies Ende in Sacklöchern 29 des Heckstückes 2 geführt sind und auf denen sich am Heckstück 2 und an der Traverse 19 abstützende Druckfedern 30 angeordnet sind.On the crossbar 19 20 guide rods 28 are fastened on both sides of the push rod, the free end of which are guided in blind holes 29 of the rear piece 2 and on which compression springs 30 are arranged on the rear piece 2 and on the crossbar 19.

An der Traverse 19 ist um Bolzen 31 schwenkbar ein Riegel 32 angeordnet, welcher ober- und unterhalb der Traverse 19 bzw. der Druckstange 20 je einen Hebelarm 33 mit je einer Ausnehmung 34 und einer Anschlagfläche 35 aufweist. Zwischen der Traverse 19 und dem Riegel 32 sind oben und unten Zugfedern 36 angeordnet, welche den Riegel 32 gegen den Mitnehmer 25 drücken, so dass deren Aufsätze 26 in den Ausnehmungen 34 gehalten werden.A bolt 32 is arranged on the cross member 19 so as to be pivotable about the bolt 31 and has a lever arm 33 above and below the cross member 19 and the push rod 20, each with a recess 34 and a stop surface 35. Between the cross member 19 and the bolt 32 tension springs 36 are arranged above and below, which press the bolt 32 against the driver 25, so that their tops 26 are held in the recesses 34.

Im Heckstück 2 ist ein Hubmagnet 45 angeordnet, an welchem eine mit einem eine Anschlagfläche bildenden Bund 42 versehene Entriegelungsstange 41 befestigt ist, deren Bewegungsrichtung vorzugsweise quer zur Längsachse 17 verläuft.A lifting magnet 45 is arranged in the rear piece 2, to which an unlocking rod 41 is provided, which is provided with a collar 42 forming a stop surface, the direction of movement of which extends preferably transversely to the longitudinal axis 17.

An Stelle des Hubmagnetes 45 kann auch ein durch z.B. Magnetventile steuerbarer Druckluftzylinder oder ein Elektromotor mit Untersetzungsgetriebe verwendet werden.Instead of the solenoid 45, a by e.g. Solenoid valves controllable compressed air cylinders or an electric motor with reduction gear can be used.

Seitlich der Druckstange 20 ist ein Wirkteil 43 im Heckstück 2 angeordnet, welches durch ein nicht dargestelltes Gestänge betätigt wird. Die Schwenkbewegung des Wirkteiles 43 verläuft vorzugsweise quer zur Längsachse 17.An active part 43 is arranged in the rear part 2 to the side of the push rod 20 and is actuated by a linkage (not shown). The pivoting movement of the active part 43 preferably runs transversely to the longitudinal axis 17.

Das Hebelverhältnis am Riegel 32 bezüglich dem Angriffspunkt der Entriegelungsstange 41 und des Wirkteiles 43 zur Anlage der Aufsätze 26 in der Ausnehmung 34 ist vorzugsweise L : l = 5 : 1.The lever ratio on the bolt 32 with respect to the point of application of the unlocking rod 41 and the active part 43 for the abutment of the attachments 26 in the recess 34 is preferably L: 1 = 5: 1.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt den Kupplungskopf im kuppelbereiten Zustand, wobei durch den Druck der Federn 30 die Traverse 19 gegen die Druck-Nocken 37 der Schliesshebel 12 gedrückt wird, so dass diese in eingeschwenkter Stellung dichtend an dem Aufnahmeteil 10 anliegen. Der Rahmen 16 und die Druckstange 20 befinden sich in Richtung Zugbolzenaufnahme in der Endstellung, was ebenfalls durch die Druckfedern 30 bzw. die Druckfeder 27 bewirkt wird.Fig. 1 shows the coupling head in the ready-to-couple state, wherein the crossbar 19 is pressed against the pressure cams 37 of the locking lever 12 by the pressure of the springs 30, so that they bear sealingly against the receiving part 10 in the pivoted-in position. The frame 16 and the push rod 20 are in the direction of the draw bolt receptacle in the end position, which is also brought about by the compression springs 30 and the compression spring 27.

Beim Zusammenfahren der Kupplung (Bewegungsablauf zwischen Fig. 1 und Fig. 2) werden die beiden Kupplungsköpfe durch die Kopfform der Zugbolzen und die kegelige Ausbildung des Kopfstückes 1 bei der Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 automatisch ausgerichtet, so dass die Zugbolzen 3 eines Kupplungskopfes in die Zugbolzenaufnahme 4 des anderen Kupplungskopfes einfahren können.When the coupling moves together (sequence of movements between Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), the two coupling heads are automatically aligned by the shape of the head of the draw bolts and the conical design of the head piece 1 in the draw bolt receptacle 4, so that the draw bolts 3 of a coupling head into the draw bolt receptacle 4 of the other coupling head can retract.

Beim weiteren Zusammenfahren der Kupplungen werden die Schliesshebel 12 durch die konische Form des Bolzenkopfes nach aussen geschwenkt, bis diese am zylindrischen Teil des Bolzenkopfes 5 anliegen. Gleichzeitig wird die Traverse 19 durch die Drucknocken 37 der Schliesshebel 12 um einen kleinen Betrag (ca. 2 mm) zurückgeschoben, wobei die Druckfedern 27 und 30 ebenfalls um den Betrag zusammengedrückt werden und zieht den Rahmen 16 mit der Vorspannkraft der Druckfedern 39 mit.As the couplings move together, the locking levers 12 are pivoted outwards by the conical shape of the bolt head until they rest on the cylindrical part of the bolt head 5. At the same time, the crossbeam 19 is pushed back by the pressure cams 37 of the locking lever 12 by a small amount (approx. 2 mm), the compression springs 27 and 30 also being compressed by the amount and pulling the frame 16 with the prestressing force of the compression springs 39.

Beim weiteren Einfahren kommt der Bolzenkopf 5 zur Anlage am stirnseitigen Ende 21 der Druckstange 20 und drückt diese zurück, wobei auch die Traverse 19 über die Aufsätze 26 des Mitnehmers 25 und den an der Traverse 19 angeordneten Riegel 32 verschoben wird, wobei der durch die Druckfedern 27 und 30 gebildete Federspeicher 50 weiter gespannt wird. Die Traverse 19 zieht den Rahmen 16 über die Federn 39 mit, bis dieser von den Schliesshebeln 12 an seinem schrägen Teil 18a der Anlagekonturen 18 gehalten wird.When retracting further, the bolt head 5 comes to rest against the front end 21 of the push rod 20 and pushes it back, the cross member 19 also being displaced via the attachments 26 of the driver 25 and the bolt 32 arranged on the cross member 19, which is carried out by the compression springs 27 and 30 formed spring 50 is further tensioned. The cross member 19 pulls the frame 16 via the springs 39 until it is held by the locking levers 12 on its inclined part 18a of the contact contours 18.

Durch das weitere Zusammenfahren (Fig. 2) wird die Traverse 19 über den Zugbolzen 3, die Druckstange 20, die Aufsätze 26 des Mitnehmers 25 und die Ausnehmungen 34 des Riegels 32 zurückgestossen, wobei der durch die Federn 27 und 30 gebildete Federspeicher 50 weiter gespannt wird. Gleichzeitig werden die Druckfedern 39 von der zurückstossenden Traverse 19 und den durch die Schliesshebel 12 blockierten Rahmen 16 gespannt. Beim weiteren Einfahren der Kupplungen wird der durch die Druckfedern 27 und 30 gebildete Federspeicher 50 und die Druckfedern 39 weiter gespannt, bis sich die Stossflächen der Kopfstücke 1 berühren.By moving together (Fig. 2), the cross member 19 is pushed back via the tension bolt 3, the push rod 20, the tops 26 of the driver 25 and the recesses 34 of the bolt 32, the spring accumulator 50 formed by the springs 27 and 30 being further tensioned becomes. At the same time, the compression springs 39 are tensioned by the recoiling traverse 19 and the frame 16 blocked by the closing lever 12. When the couplings are retracted further, the spring accumulator 50 formed by the compression springs 27 and 30 and the compression springs 39 are further tensioned until the abutting surfaces of the head pieces 1 touch.

Einige Millimeter vor dem Zusammentreffen der Stossflächen der Kopfstücke 1 werden die Kupplungen durch die Zentrierpartie 8 des Zugbolzens 3 und den Zentrierring 9 genau ausgerichtet bzw. zentriert.A few millimeters before the abutting surfaces of the head pieces 1, the couplings are precisely aligned or centered by the centering part 8 of the tension bolt 3 and the centering ring 9.

Beim Zusammentreffen der beiden Stossflächen der Kopfstücke 1 wird das weitere Eindringen des Zugbolzens 3 gestoppt (Fig. 3). Der Zugbolzen 3 schob die Traverse 19 über die Druckstange 20, den Mitnehmer 25 und den Riegel 32 in ihre hinterste Stellung, so dass der durch die Druckfedern 27 und 30 gebildete Federspeicher 50 komplett gespannt wurde. Durch die Freigabe des verschobenen Bolzenkopfes 5 des Zugbolzens 3 wurden die Schliesspartien 13 der Schliesshebel 12 vom Rahmen 16 in die Eindrehung 6 des Zugbolzens 3 eingeschwenkt.When the two abutting surfaces of the head pieces 1 meet, the further penetration of the draw bolt 3 is stopped (FIG. 3). The tension bolt 3 pushed the cross member 19 over the push rod 20, the driver 25 and the bolt 32 into their rearmost position, so that the spring accumulator 50 formed by the compression springs 27 and 30 was completely tensioned. By releasing the displaced bolt head 5 of the draw bolt 3, the locking parts 13 became the locking lever 12 pivoted from the frame 16 into the recess 6 of the draw bolt 3.

Das Einschwenken erfolgt durch Verschieben des Rahmens 16 durch die Kraft der gespannten Federn 39, wobei der schräge Teil 18a der Anlage-Kontur 18 die Schliesshebel 12 nach innen drückt. Die Kupplung ist nun durch die feste Anlage der Schliesshebel 12 mit der Schliesspartie 13 an der stirnförmigen Fläche 7 des Zugbolzens 3 verriegelt, wobei der Schliesshebel durch Anlage an der geraden Kontur 18b des Rahmens 16 gesperrt ist (s. Fig. 3) Das Hebelverhältnis am Schliesshebel (12) H : h ist vorzugsweise 3 : 1.The pivoting takes place by displacing the frame 16 by the force of the tensioned springs 39, the inclined part 18a of the contact contour 18 pushing the locking lever 12 inwards. The clutch is now locked by the fixed contact of the locking lever 12 with the locking part 13 on the end face 7 of the draw bolt 3, the locking lever being locked by contacting the straight contour 18b of the frame 16 (see FIG. 3) Locking lever (12) H: h is preferably 3: 1.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Kupplung in entriegelter und entkuppelter Stellung, wobei die Kupplungen noch nicht auseinandergezogen sind.Fig. 4 shows the clutch in the unlocked and uncoupled position, the couplings have not yet been pulled apart.

Zum Entkuppeln erfolgt die Entriegelung entweder vom Führerstand des Zuges durch Fernbedienung durch Einschalten des Hubmagnetes 45 bzw. eines Luftzylinders oder Getriebemotors oder durch Handbetätigung des Wirkteiles 43.For uncoupling, unlocking takes place either from the driver's cab of the train by remote control by switching on the solenoid 45 or an air cylinder or geared motor or by manual actuation of the active part 43.

Im einen Fall wird der Bund 42 der Entriegelungsstange 41 und im anderen Fall das Wirkteil 43 der Handbetätigung gegen die Anschlagfläche 35 des Riegels 32 gedrückt,wobei der Riegel 32 ausgeschwenkt wird und aus den Aufsätzen 26 des Mitnehmers 25 ausrastet.
Dadurch wird die Verbindung zwischen der Traverse 19 und der Druckstange 20 gelöst, wobei die Traverse 19 zusammen mit dem Rahmen 16 durch die Druckfedern 30 vorgeschoben wird, bis die Traverse 19 an den Anlageflächen 38 der Schliesshebel 12 anschlägt. Die Schliesshebel 12 sind jetzt, wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, entriegelt, da diese jetzt durch die Freigabe von der Kontur 18 ausschwenken können.
In one case the collar 42 of the unlocking rod 41 and in the other case the active part 43 of the manual actuation is pressed against the stop surface 35 of the latch 32, the latch 32 being pivoted out and disengaging from the attachments 26 of the driver 25.
As a result, the connection between the cross member 19 and the push rod 20 is released, the cross member 19 being pushed together with the frame 16 by the compression springs 30 until the cross member 19 strikes the contact surfaces 38 of the locking lever 12. The locking levers 12 are now unlocked, as can be seen in FIG. 4, since they can now pivot out of the contour 18 by the release.

Beim Auseinanderziehen der Kupplungsköpfe (s. Fig. 5) werden nun die Schliesshebel 12 ausgeschwenkt, wobei deren Drucknocken 37 die Traverse 19 gegen den Druck der Federn 30 etwas zurückschieben. Ist der Zugbolzen 3 ausserhalb des Bereichs der Schliesshebel 12, werden diese durch den Druck der Federn 30 über die Traverse 19 auf die Drucknocken 37 wieder gegen die Dichtungen 44 gedrückt (s. Fig. 1). Beim Ausfahren des Zugbolzens 3 wird auch die Druckstange 20 durch die Kraft der Druckfeder 27 und den Mitnehmer 25 bis zum Anschlag des Mitnehmers 25 an der Traverse 19 vorgeschoben. Unter der Einwirkung der Zugfeder 36 schnappt der Riegel 32 mit dessen Ausnehmung 34 über die Aufsätze 26 des Mitnehmers 25, wodurch der gesamte Mechanismus automatisch wieder in die Stellung "kuppelbereit" gemäss Fig. 1 gebracht wird.When the coupling heads are pulled apart (see FIG. 5), the locking levers 12 are now pivoted out, the pressure cams 37 of which push the crossbar 19 somewhat back against the pressure of the springs 30. If the draw bolt 3 is outside the area of the closing lever 12, these are pressed against the seals 44 again by the pressure of the springs 30 via the crossbar 19 on the pressure cams 37 (see FIG. 1). When the draw bolt 3 is extended, the push rod 20 is also advanced by the force of the compression spring 27 and the driver 25 until the driver 25 stops on the cross member 19. Under the action of the tension spring 36, the bolt 32 with its recess 34 snaps over the attachments 26 of the driver 25, as a result of which the entire mechanism is automatically brought back into the "ready to couple" position according to FIG. 1.

Die beschriebene Anordnung und Arbeitsweise des Verriegelungsmechanismus ermöglicht das Entkuppeln unter einer grossen Zugkrafteinwirkung mit einem kleinen Kraftaufwand, was mit einem entsprechend kleinen und billigen Hubmagnet möglich ist. Soll z.B. unter einer Zugkraft Pz in den Kupplungen entkuppelt werden, so wirkt auf eine Verriegelung eine Kraft Z = Pz 2

Figure imgb0001
The arrangement and mode of operation of the locking mechanism described enables decoupling under a large tensile force with a small effort, which is possible with a correspondingly small and inexpensive solenoid. If, for example, Pz is to be uncoupled in the couplings under a tensile force, a force acts on a lock Z = Pz 2nd
Figure imgb0001

Diese Kraft Z wird durch das Hebelverhältnis des Schliesshebels 12 von H:h = 3:1 reduziert, so dass P = Z/3 ist. Dadurch entsteht eine erforderliche Vorschubkraft V am Rahmen 16 bei einem Reibungskoeffizienten µ₁ zwischen Schliesshebel und Rahmen von V = µ₁·P. Die Kraft R an der Entriegelungsstelle verringert sich durch den Reibungskoeffizienten µ₂ zwischen dem Riegel 32 und dem Aufsatz 26 auf R = µ₂·VThis force Z is reduced by the lever ratio of the closing lever 12 from H: h = 3: 1, so that P = Z / 3. This creates a required feed force V on the frame 16 with a friction coefficient µ₁ between the locking lever and the frame of V = µ₁ · P. The force R at the unlocking point is reduced by the coefficient of friction µ₂ between the bolt 32 and the attachment 26 to R = µ₂ · V

Durch das Hebelverhältnis am Riegel 32 von L:l = 5:1 verringert sich die erforderliche Kraft M an der Entriegelungsstange 41 auf M = R/5 , welche sich um die wirkende Federkraft erhöht.Due to the lever ratio on the bolt 32 of L: 1 = 5: 1, the required force M on the unlocking rod 41 is reduced to M = R / 5, which increases by the acting spring force.

Die erforderliche Kraft zum Entriegeln an der Entriegelungsstange wird dadurch gegenüber der wirkenden Zugkraft am Zugbolzen wesentlich verringert.The force required for unlocking the unlocking rod is thereby significantly reduced compared to the tensile force acting on the draw bolt.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung eines Federspeichers wird ermöglicht, dass dieser beim Kuppeln aufgeladen wird und beim Entkuppeln seine Energie abgibt, um den Verriegelungsmechanismus wieder in die Stellung "kuppelbereit" zurückzuführen.The arrangement according to the invention of a spring accumulator makes it possible for it to be charged when coupling and to release its energy when uncoupling, in order to return the locking mechanism to the "ready to couple" position.

Im eingekuppelten Zustand ist eine sichere Verriegelung der Schliesshebel durch den Rahmen gewährleistet.When engaged, the locking lever is securely locked by the frame.

Claims (13)

1. Automatic coupling for rail vehicles having two similar coupling heads (1) which each have a tension-pin (3) and a tension-pin-receiving portion (4) provided with a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism having closure levers (12) which can engage in the tension-pin (3), and being operatively connected to a release device, and in that there is disposed a spring loading (50) which can be stressed during coupling, by means of whose stored energy the locking mechanism (16, 25, 32) can be brought into a pre-coupling position during uncoupling, characterised in that the pivotability of the closure levers (12) can be blocked in a form-fitting manner by an abutment contour (18) arranged on a movable frame (16).
2. Coupling according to claim 1, characterised in that the spring loading (50) includes compression springs (27, 30) which can be loaded by means of a thrust rod (20) and by means of a movable crosspiece (19) which is operatively connected to this rod.
3. Coupling according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the frame (16) is arranged on the movable crosspiece (19) by a force-fitting connection, and these parts are movable relatively from each other in the tension direction against the force of compression springs (39).
4. Coupling according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that on the crosspiece (19) there is arranged a pivotable tie bar (32) which is operatively connected to an entrainer (25) arranged on the thrust rod (20).
5. Coupling according to claim 4, characterised in that on the entrainer (25) projections (26) are arranged which are operatively connected to recesses (34) of the tie bar (32) by the tensile force of at least one spring (36).
6. Coupling according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the release device has a working part (43) which is manually actuatable.
7. Coupling according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the release device has a remotely controllable release rod (41) which can be actuated by a pneumatically or electrically operating device, such as e.g. a solenoid (45).
8. Coupling according to claim 6, characterised in that the working part (43) presses within its radius of movement on the upper stop surface (35) of the tie bar (32).
9. Coupling according to claim 7, characterised in that the release rod (41) has a collar (42) cooperating with a lower stop surface (35) of the tie bar (32).
10. Coupling according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterised in that at least two compression springs (30) are arranged between the cross piece (19) and support surfaces of a tail piece (2) of the coupling head and guided on movable guide rods (28), and a compression spring (27) is arranged between the entrainer (25) and a support surface of the tail piece (2) and guided on the thrust rod (20).
11. Coupling according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that in the region of the mounting on the pin (11) each closure lever (12) has a pressure cam (37) producing an operative connection between the closure lever (12) and the cross piece (19).
12. Coupling according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that between the line of application of the tensile force (Z) on the abutment on the clamping surface (7) of the tension-pin (3) and the abutment in the blocking position on the abutment contour (18b) of the frame (16) the closure lever has a lever ratio of about h : H = 1 : 3.
13. Coupling according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterised in that between the abutment of the projections (26) of the entrainer (25) on the recesses (34) and a line of application of the release force through the release rod (41) engaging on the tie bar (32) the tie bar (32) has a lever ratio of about l : L = 1 : 5.
EP89108398A 1988-05-18 1989-05-10 Automatic coupling for railway vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0342502B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89108398T ATE72546T1 (en) 1988-05-18 1989-05-10 AUTOMATIC COUPLING FOR RAIL VEHICLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1879/88A CH675864A5 (en) 1988-05-18 1988-05-18
CH1879/88 1988-05-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0342502A1 EP0342502A1 (en) 1989-11-23
EP0342502B1 true EP0342502B1 (en) 1992-02-12

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EP89108398A Expired - Lifetime EP0342502B1 (en) 1988-05-18 1989-05-10 Automatic coupling for railway vehicles

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EP (1) EP0342502B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0755657B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE72546T1 (en)
AU (1) AU622661B2 (en)
CH (1) CH675864A5 (en)
CZ (1) CZ289289A3 (en)
DE (1) DE58900824D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2029544T3 (en)
SU (1) SU1743346A3 (en)

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US5775524A (en) * 1996-03-25 1998-07-07 Kadee Quality Products Co. Remote uncoupling mechanism
DE19829393A1 (en) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-05 Fischer Georg Verkehrstechnik Locking mechanism for coupling arrangements, especially for rail vehicles
US8408406B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2013-04-02 Bedloe Industries Llc Central datum feature on railroad coupler body and corresponding gauges
US8746473B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2014-06-10 Bedloe Industries Llc Railway coupler body improvements to improve knuckle rotation
US8544662B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2013-10-01 Bedloe Industries Llc Central datum feature on railroad coupler body and corresponding gauges
BRPI0913946A2 (en) 2008-05-23 2015-10-20 Bedloe Ind Llc hinged joint without a finger core
MX2010012726A (en) * 2008-05-23 2011-05-30 Bedloe Ind Llc Railway coupler core structure for increased strength and fatigue life of resulting knuckle.
BRPI0912976A2 (en) * 2008-05-23 2017-05-23 Bedloe Ind Llc hinged joint formed of a pivot pin and kidney-shaped core and finger core isolated
US8601068B2 (en) * 2008-06-26 2013-12-03 Ca, Inc. Information technology system collaboration
US8714377B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2014-05-06 Wabtec Holding Corp. Energy absorbing coupler
US8960464B2 (en) 2011-04-08 2015-02-24 Wabtec Holding Corp. Coupler support mechanism
US8616389B2 (en) * 2012-05-10 2013-12-31 Wabtec Holding Corp. Over-center spring coupler
MX363779B (en) 2013-03-22 2019-04-03 Wabtec Holding Corp Automated coupler positioning device.
CN110641505B (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-10-23 温州承玥机械设备有限公司 Coal mine car's device of taking off round pin based on coal mine engineering

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DE456632C (en) * 1927-04-17 1928-02-29 Hermann An Huef Jun Electric rail car coupler
DE554398C (en) * 1931-04-25 1932-07-07 Heinrich Eichler Automatic double clutch
JPS5329882A (en) * 1976-09-01 1978-03-20 Sumiko Ookouchi Method of producing body of bottleware
US4703862A (en) * 1985-05-02 1987-11-03 Werner George S Automatic railroad car coupler

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JPH0755657B2 (en) 1995-06-14
DE58900824D1 (en) 1992-03-26
AU622661B2 (en) 1992-04-16
CZ289289A3 (en) 1993-08-11
ES2029544T3 (en) 1992-08-16
JPH0218158A (en) 1990-01-22
CH675864A5 (en) 1990-11-15
ATE72546T1 (en) 1992-02-15
EP0342502A1 (en) 1989-11-23
US4927035A (en) 1990-05-22
SU1743346A3 (en) 1992-06-23
AU3403289A (en) 1989-11-23

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