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EP0325701B1 - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Antenna structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0325701B1
EP0325701B1 EP88117439A EP88117439A EP0325701B1 EP 0325701 B1 EP0325701 B1 EP 0325701B1 EP 88117439 A EP88117439 A EP 88117439A EP 88117439 A EP88117439 A EP 88117439A EP 0325701 B1 EP0325701 B1 EP 0325701B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
antenna
cavities
supporting structure
antenna structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88117439A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0325701A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Dr.-Ing. Zahn
Günter Dr.-Ing. Helwig
Hans-Wolfgang Dr. rer. nat. Schröder
Christian Dipl.-Ing. Borgwardt
Albert Dipl.-Ing. Braig
Kay Dipl.-Ing. Dittrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dornier GmbH
Original Assignee
Dornier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dornier GmbH filed Critical Dornier GmbH
Publication of EP0325701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0325701A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0325701B1 publication Critical patent/EP0325701B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/02—Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out ; Arrangements for cooling; Arrangements for preventing corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a supporting structure of an active antenna for aerospace applications according to the preamble of the claim.
  • the weight factor is of crucial importance for aerospace applications.
  • high dimensional stability is always required for both applications. This means that the antenna must be resistant to deformation against loads (aerodynamic loads, acceleration at start), against low-frequency vibrations or the thermal loads that occur in space.
  • a device for cooling an electronic circuit in which a support structure in box construction with cavities is provided, through which a cooling medium (liquid, gas) is passed.
  • the cooling circuit increases the weight of the device.
  • the object of the invention is to build an antenna corresponding to the preamble of the claim more easily.
  • heat-conducting layers in the supporting structure can take place by integrating or forming heat-conducting layers, which also consist of fiber-reinforced materials such as CFRP, in the supporting structure.
  • the previously common heat-dissipating elements such as heat pipes, Doppler plates or radiation surfaces, are no longer required, which saves weight.
  • the heat conduction is increased by wide stiffening webs and continuous fibers. A distribution of "hot" components over the entire antenna area promotes radiation at a relatively uniform temperature. By coating with thermal lacquer, the heat exchange by radiation within the hollow spaces between the webs can be increased.
  • the integration can also go so far that entire high-frequency components are integrated into the supporting structure.
  • an entire microstrip antenna in mesa or trough construction is integrated into the structure.
  • the microstrip or antenna dielectric can be made of fiber-reinforced plastic of high strength and rigidity (for example made of polyethylene-fiber-reinforced polyethylene) and itself form an outside of the box, which is then self-supporting.
  • the invention is illustrated by a figure.
  • the figure shows an embodiment of an antenna for a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with its carrier.
  • the antenna here consists of the antenna outer layer 1 with radiator elements (patches), an electrically insulating substrate 2 (with ⁇ r ⁇ 1), in which leads (microstrips) are integrated, and an electrically conductive base plate 3.
  • the electrical connection between the radiator element and the The supply can take place, for example, by locally increasing ⁇ r in the substrate 2 in the area between these two elements.
  • the supporting structure 4 is realized here in a box construction with the cavities 5. Electrical modules 6 and electronic boards 7 can be contained in the cavities 5.
  • the supporting structure 4 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, which is metallized on its upper side for electrical shielding.
  • the heat-emitting components such as the electrical modules 6 and the electronic boards 7, are preferably distributed over the entire antenna area and are connected in a heat-conducting manner to the carriers which lead to the antenna front.
  • the arrows shown in structure 4 show the flow of heat through the carrier material 4 made of thermally conductive plastic.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine tragende Struktur einer aktiven Antenne für Luft-und Raumfahrtanwendungen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs.The invention relates to a supporting structure of an active antenna for aerospace applications according to the preamble of the claim.

Für Luft- und Raumfahrtanwendungen kommt dem Faktor des Gewichts eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Für beide Anwendungen ist daneben stets eine hohe Dimensionsstabilität gefordert. Das heißt, die Antenne muß gegenüber den Lasten (aerodynamische Lasten, Beschleunigung beim Start), gegenüber niederfrequenten Schwingungen oder den thermischen Belastungen, wie sie im Weltall auftreten, verformungsstabil sein.The weight factor is of crucial importance for aerospace applications. In addition, high dimensional stability is always required for both applications. This means that the antenna must be resistant to deformation against loads (aerodynamic loads, acceleration at start), against low-frequency vibrations or the thermal loads that occur in space.

Aus der US 3,528,492 ist eine aktive Antenne mit in die Struktur integrierten wärmeleitfähigen Elementen bekannt, die den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs bildet. Die beim Betrieb entstehende Wärme wird von einer Kühlflüssigkeit aufgenommen und abgeführt. Dieser Kühlkreislauf erhöht das Gewicht der Antenne.An active antenna with thermally conductive elements integrated into the structure is known from US Pat. No. 3,528,492 , which forms the preamble of the claim. The heat generated during operation is absorbed and removed by a coolant. This cooling circuit increases the weight of the antenna.

Aus der EP 48 938 A1 ist es bekannt, zur Ableitung der Wärme von elektronischen Bauelementen Kühlbleche vorzusehen. Diese erhöhen das Gewicht der Vorrichtung.From EP 48 938 A1 it is known to provide cooling plates for dissipating the heat from electronic components. These increase the weight the device.

Aus der EP 83 538 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Kühlung einer elektronischen Schaltung bekannt, bei der eine Tragestruktur in Kastenbauweise mit Hohlräumen vorgesehen ist, durch die ein Kühlmedium (Flüssigkeit, Gas) geleitet wird. Der Kühlkreislauf erhöht das Gewicht der Vorrichtung.From EP 83 538 A1 a device for cooling an electronic circuit is known, in which a support structure in box construction with cavities is provided, through which a cooling medium (liquid, gas) is passed. The cooling circuit increases the weight of the device.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs entsprechende Antenne leichter zu bauen.The object of the invention is to build an antenna corresponding to the preamble of the claim more easily.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst von einer Antenne mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs, bei der die Wärme durch die Struktur zur Antennenvorderseite geleitet und von dort abgestrahlt wird.This object is achieved according to the invention by an antenna with the characterizing features of the claim, in which the heat is conducted through the structure to the front of the antenna and radiated from there.

Die Integration wärmeleitender Schichten in die tragende Struktur kann dadurch erfolgen, daß wärmeleitende Schichten, die ebenfalls aus faserverstärkten Materialien wie CFK bestehen, in die tragende Struktur integriert werden oder diese bilden. Die bisher üblichen wärmeabführenden Elemente, wie Wärmerohre, Dopplerbleche oder Strahlungsflächen entfallen, wodurch Gewicht gespart wird. Durch breite Versteifungsstege und durchgehende Fasern wird die Wärmeleitung erhöht. Eine Verteilung "heißer" Bauteile über die ganze Antennenfläche fördert die Abstrahlung bei relativ gleichmaßiger Temperatur. Durch Beschichtung mit Thermallack kann der Wärmeaustausch durch Strahlung innerhalb der hohlen Räume zwischen den Stegen vergrößert werden.The integration of heat-conducting layers in the supporting structure can take place by integrating or forming heat-conducting layers, which also consist of fiber-reinforced materials such as CFRP, in the supporting structure. The previously common heat-dissipating elements, such as heat pipes, Doppler plates or radiation surfaces, are no longer required, which saves weight. The heat conduction is increased by wide stiffening webs and continuous fibers. A distribution of "hot" components over the entire antenna area promotes radiation at a relatively uniform temperature. By coating with thermal lacquer, the heat exchange by radiation within the hollow spaces between the webs can be increased.

Die Integration kann auch soweit gehen, daß ganze Hochfrequenzkomponenten in die tragende Struktur integriert werden. Als Beispiel wird eine ganze Mikrostripantenne in Mesa- oder Wannenbauweise in die Struktur integriert. In dieser Ausführung kann das Mikrostrip- oder Antennendielektrikum in faserverstärktem Kunststoff hoher Festigkeit und Steifigkeit ausgeführt sein (zum Beispiel aus polyethylenfaserverstärktem Polyethylen) und selbst eine Außenseite des, sich dann selber tragenden, Hohlkastens bilden.The integration can also go so far that entire high-frequency components are integrated into the supporting structure. As an example, an entire microstrip antenna in mesa or trough construction is integrated into the structure. In this embodiment, the microstrip or antenna dielectric can be made of fiber-reinforced plastic of high strength and rigidity (for example made of polyethylene-fiber-reinforced polyethylene) and itself form an outside of the box, which is then self-supporting.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von einer Figur näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated by a figure.

Die Figur zeigt eine Ausführung einer Antenne für ein Synthetik-Apertur-Radar (SAR) mit ihrem Träger. Die Antenne besteht hier aus der Antennenaußenschicht 1 mit Strahlerelementen (patches), einem elektrisch isolierenden Substrat 2 (mit εr ≈ 1), in das Zuleitungen (Mikrostrips) integriert sind und einer elektrisch leitenden Grundplatte 3. Die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Strahlerelement und der Zuleitung kann zum Beispiel durch lokale Erhöhung von εr im Substrat 2 im Bereich zwischen diesen beiden Elementen erfolgen. Die tragende Struktur 4 ist hier in Kastenbauweise mit den Hohlräumen 5 realisiert. In den Hohlräumen 5 können elektrische Module 6 und Elektronikplatinen 7 enthalten sein. Die tragende Struktur 4 ist hier aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff ausgeführt, der an seiner Oberseite zur elektrischen Abschirmung metallisiert ist. Die wärmeabgebenden Bauteile wie die elektrischen Module 6 und die Elektronikplatinen 7 sind bevorzugt über die gesamte Antennenfläche verteilt und an den Trägern, die zur Antennenvorderseite führen, wärmeleitend angeschlossen. Die in der Struktur 4 gezeigten Pfeile zeigen den Fluß der Wärme durch das aus wärmeleitendem Kunststoff hergestellte Trägermaterial 4.The figure shows an embodiment of an antenna for a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with its carrier. The antenna here consists of the antenna outer layer 1 with radiator elements (patches), an electrically insulating substrate 2 (with ε r ≈ 1), in which leads (microstrips) are integrated, and an electrically conductive base plate 3. The electrical connection between the radiator element and the The supply can take place, for example, by locally increasing ε r in the substrate 2 in the area between these two elements. The supporting structure 4 is realized here in a box construction with the cavities 5. Electrical modules 6 and electronic boards 7 can be contained in the cavities 5. The supporting structure 4 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, which is metallized on its upper side for electrical shielding. The heat-emitting components, such as the electrical modules 6 and the electronic boards 7, are preferably distributed over the entire antenna area and are connected in a heat-conducting manner to the carriers which lead to the antenna front. The arrows shown in structure 4 show the flow of heat through the carrier material 4 made of thermally conductive plastic.

Claims (1)

  1. Supporting structure (4) for an active antenna for use in air or space travel and having heat-conductive components integrated in the structure (4), characterised by:
    - a box-like construction of fibre-reinforced plastics material with cavities (5) in which heat-emitting electronic structural components (6, 7) are located; and
    - carriers between the cavities (5) which are made of heat-conductive plastics material such that resultant heat is led to the front of the antenna.
EP88117439A 1987-11-13 1988-10-19 Antenna structure Expired - Lifetime EP0325701B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873738506 DE3738506A1 (en) 1987-11-13 1987-11-13 ANTENNA STRUCTURE
DE3738506 1987-11-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0325701A1 EP0325701A1 (en) 1989-08-02
EP0325701B1 true EP0325701B1 (en) 1993-08-25

Family

ID=6340386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88117439A Expired - Lifetime EP0325701B1 (en) 1987-11-13 1988-10-19 Antenna structure

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4987425A (en)
EP (1) EP0325701B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01155702A (en)
DE (1) DE3738506A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01155702A (en) 1989-06-19
US4987425A (en) 1991-01-22
DE3738506A1 (en) 1989-06-01
DE3738506C2 (en) 1991-05-02
EP0325701A1 (en) 1989-08-02

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