EP0303313B1 - Device for the cutting, drilling or similar working of stone, concrete or the like - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for cutting and drilling in particular rock, ore, natural rock, concrete or the like or for processing objects with the aid of a pressure medium under high pressure of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Such a device is already known (GB-PS 1 460 711). Here, a nozzle head is deflected transversely to the direction of the jet of pressure medium emerging from a nozzle opening by means of a drive unit in oscillating movements. Ultrasonic transducers, electromechanical transducers and also mechanically or hydraulically driven ones are used as drive units. The nozzle head itself is mounted in bearings so that it can either be moved linearly or pivoted about a bearing shaft. However, it has been shown that this bearing wears out quickly when working with oscillating movements of relatively high frequency, which are recommended for productive cutting.

The same problems arise in another known device (GB-PS 2 027 776), in which also a nozzle head with a cam in a linear guideway Bearing can be moved back and forth unless storage by means of a bearing shaft is also used here. This device serves to knock off concrete from steel reinforcements or to separate a floor covering with the help of a liquid jet.

Furthermore, it is known (DE-OS 35 16 572) to provide a nozzle head attached to a bendable high-pressure hose with a plurality of nozzles which are screwed into the end of the nozzle head. A center nozzle runs in the axial direction of the nozzle head, while two further nozzles with nozzle axes inclined with respect to the axis of the nozzle head are arranged on both sides of the center nozzles. This nozzle head has already proven itself well for cutting rock.

Finally, it is known (DE-OS 26 07 097) to fasten a nozzle head provided with a nozzle to a tube which can be pivoted about a pivot bearing, the end of which is remote from the nozzle head by means of an eccentric element, such as a crank drive, in a circular path in a direction transverse to the tube axis Level is movable.

The object of the invention is to improve the functionality of the device of the type mentioned at the outset. Thus, it is particularly desirable to design relatively narrow devices, which also offer the possibility of working in long and narrow slots, bores and the like, for example in rock. The device should have a long service life. In addition, the purpose is to improve the functionality of the nozzle head with little manufacturing effort and little space. It is desirable to quickly process, for example, slot-like clearing of rock, flötz and the like. the like, in particular also of great hardness such as granite and marble.

The invention is characterized in claim 1. In any case, part of the supply line is designed as a pendulum tube, on which the drive unit may engage via a clutch unit. A "pendulum tube" is understood here in particular to mean such a supply part to the nozzle head which executes such a movement during machining that the nozzle head executes a back and forth or a circular or even oval movement in particular in such a plane, which essentially runs at right angles to the axis of the nozzle or center nozzle. This "oscillating" movement in lateral view deflects the beam laterally. Due to the "oscillating" or oscillating movement, the beam describes a straight or curved line when it strikes the object to be processed (provided that a point of impact is assumed and the device is assumed to be at rest other than the "oscillating" supply part).

The drive unit is supported on a control line which extends essentially parallel to the supply line.

The control line directs the energy source to excite the drive unit, e.g. also mechanical rotary movements i.e. kinetic energy, to the drive unit and has a guide for the pendulum tube, which can also be formed by the drive unit itself.

The pendulum tube itself can be made relatively rigid and can be coupled to the feed line in particular via a bendable and / or pivotable coupling. It is recommended if the pendulum tube is also connected to the control line via one or more springs, so that the drive is transmitted by the drive unit via the spring in even better oscillating movements. However, it is also possible to use a pendulum tube that is bendable, but still sufficiently rigid, so that the nozzle head is adequately supported and guided by the pendulum tube itself. The latter alternative is even preferred; the nozzle head is attached to the free end of a bendable high pressure hose that can be expanded somewhat under internal pressure.

According to a special embodiment of the invention, the nozzle head has several nozzles at such different angles of attack that the axes of the same are not in a common straight plane. The nozzle axes should be offset from the longitudinal axis of the nozzle head. In this embodiment of the invention, a combined jet of the pressure medium is emitted from the nozzle head, the individual jets emanating from the individual nozzles, in contrast to the device mentioned above, not in a straight plane, in the manner of a fan, but in one or more curved and / or kinked planes run. By selecting the number and arrangement of the angles of attack or nozzle axes, a faster and more precise control of the "cutting width" in the rock, seam, vein, concrete or the like is achieved. This training is particularly useful if not only straight cuts are to be made in the rock.

A nozzle head with a center nozzle and a side nozzle that is laterally offset and inclined outwards from the jet direction of the center nozzle offers particular advantages. If the nozzle head is in a e.g. circular path moves, the individual beams also sweep circular paths that partially overlap and, when the device moves transversely to the pendulum tube or high-pressure hose and to the control line, better work out a slit-shaped path from the irradiated rock or rock.

According to a special embodiment of the invention, no nozzles are screwed onto the face of the nozzle head. Rather, the nozzle head has an elastomeric cover on the front are provided and insert nozzles are inserted from a nozzle chamber into connecting channels of the nozzle head, which is made in particular of hard metal. The pressure medium inevitably presses the respective insert nozzle against stops which limit the connecting channels and form the transition points to the nozzles. Neither the insert nozzles nor their receptacles in the nozzle head have to be threaded, so that insert nozzles made of sapphire can also be used.

The design of the nozzle head according to the invention can be used not only in the device according to the invention with a pendulum tube and, in particular, in parallel control line, but also in a device known per se (DE-OS 34 10 981), in which a flexible or bendable high-pressure hose as a feed line to the nozzle head, which is caused by the ejected pressure medium itself - without a drive unit - in lashing movements or by a combination of a driving force from the pressure medium flowing through itself and by a drive unit in circular, shock-like and / or wave-like movement. The wavy movement of the high pressure hose (in a plane running through its axis) is extremely beneficial.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Aufsicht auf eine Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung;
• Fig. 2 einen schematischen Schnitt nach A-A von Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Aufsicht gemäß Fig. 1 auf eine andere Ausbildung der Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 eine Frontansicht auf einen Düsenkopf und
• Fig. 5 einen Teilschnitt B-B durch den Düsenkopf gemäß Fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 eine teilweise gebrochene Draufsicht auf eine nicht zur Erfindung zu gelörige Ausbildung einer Schneidvornichtung;
• Fig. 7 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 6 im Teilschnitt;
• Fig. 8 einen Teilschnitt auf eine andere Ausbildung der Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 9 eine Teilansicht einer anderen Ausbildung der Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 10 einen Schnitt A:A von Fig. 9 vergrößert;
• Fig. 11 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt von Fig. 9;
• Fig. 12 eine schematisches Schwingungsbild des HD-Schlauches;
• Fig. 13 eine schematische Aufsicht auf die Rinnenbildung im Gestein
• Fig. 14 eine schematische Teilansicht einer alternativen Ausbildung der Vorrichtung von Fig. 9 und
• Fig. 15 eine Detailansicht (teilweise aufgebrochen) auf einen Teil der Vorrichtung von Fig. 14

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show:

• Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a device according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic section according to AA of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view according to FIG. 1 of another embodiment of the device;
• Fig. 4 is a front view of a nozzle head and
• 5 shows a partial section BB through the nozzle head according to FIG. 4;
• 6 shows a partially broken top view of a design of a cutting device that is not too inventive.
• FIG. 7 is a side view of the device according to FIG. 6 in partial section;
• 8 shows a partial section of another embodiment of the device;
• 9 is a partial view of another embodiment of the device;
• 10 shows a section A: A of FIG. 9 enlarged;
• FIG. 11 shows an enlarged detail from FIG. 9;
• 12 shows a schematic vibration diagram of the high-pressure hose;
• Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of the channel formation in the rock
• Fig. 14 is a schematic partial view of an alternative embodiment of the device of Fig. 9 and
• 15 is a detailed view (partially broken away) of part of the device of FIG. 14

According to FIG. 1, a pipe as a pressure medium supply line 12 is rigidly connected via connecting webs 36 to the control line 31, which is also designed as a pipe; the tube 12 and the control line 31 run parallel. At the free end of the tube 12, a coupling 11 is attached, which connects the pendulum tube 30 with the tube 12 connects so that the pendulum tube 30 around the articulation point of the clutch 11 in oscillating motion - as indicated in broken lines - by, for example, the pivot angle α can be brought. Instead of the coupling 11, a high-pressure hose (HP hose) can also be installed, for example according to FIG. 3, between the tube 12 and the pendulum tube 30 in such a way that the pressure medium flows through the bendable HP hose, which causes the oscillating movement of the pendulum tube 30 in operation not prevented.
The pendulum tube 30 is supported on the guide 6, which protrudes laterally from the control line 31. At the free end of the pendulum tube 30 there is a nozzle head 3, on the front side of which at least one nozzle is arranged, through which pressure medium can be expelled in the direction of the rock 15 under high pressure during operation. The oscillating movement of the pendulum tube 30 and therefore of the entrained nozzle head 3, which oscillates to the right and left by the pivoting angle α, is caused by a drive unit 32, which is attached to the control line 31 and by an energy source, for example kinetic, electrical, electronic. Magnetic, pneumatic or hydraulic energy can be driven, which is guided through the control line 31 to the drive unit 32. A plunger 33 of the drive unit 32 briefly pushes the pendulum tube 30 in the direction facing away from the control line 31. As a result, a spring 34 is tensioned, which on the one hand prevents the pendulum tube 30 from being deflected too far, and on the other hand pulls the pendulum tube 30 back in the opposite direction, that is to say to the control line 31. Due to the combined action of the drive unit 32 and the spring 34 with the pendulum tube 30, this swings by the pivot angle α, so that the jet of the pressure medium, not shown in FIG 16 cuts if the device is guided in the direction of arrow P along the front of the rock 15. At the free end of the control line 31 there is a sensor element 35, with the aid of which in particular the depth of cut and the width of cut the section 16 or the distance to the front of the rock 15 can be determined. It is advisable if the pendulum tube 30 between the coupling 11 and the nozzle head 3 is of sufficient length to cause sufficiently wide deflections on the nozzle head 3, even by slight deflection by means of the tappet 33 of the drive unit 32, because this results in the effectiveness of the pressure medium when it strikes on the rock 15 is improved. For this purpose, it is also advisable if the drive unit 32 acts much further than the spring 34 in the direction of the coupling 11 on the pendulum tube 30. The sensor element 35 is in particular an electrical one, the electrical signal lines of which are led through the control line 31 to a control unit (not shown here).

To protect the tubular body with the pendulum tube 30, it is advisable to wrap it in the form of a jacket, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines 40.

In the alternative embodiment of FIG. 3, the drive unit 32 is arranged relatively close to the clutch 11. A drive rod 33a forms a relatively long arm between the free end 33c pressing against the pendulum tube 30 and a pivot axis 33b, about which the drive rod 33a and the actuating arm 33d connected in one piece and offset by approximately 90 ° can be pivoted when it is driven by the drive unit 32 is driven to a certain extent in a direction parallel to the control line 31 (counterclockwise). Since the actuating arm 33d is a multiple, in particular four times shorter, than the drive rod 33a, only a slight movement of the free end of the actuating arm 33d in the axial direction of the control line 31 leads to a substantially greater movement of the free end 33c of the actuating rod 33a in one transverse to this direction. So that at high pressures of, for example, 2000 bar of the pressure medium passed from the pipe 12 to the nozzle head 3 Pendulum movement of the pendulum tube 30 is not inhibited because the coupling 11 acting as a pendulum joint may become too rigid, it is advisable to conduct the pressure medium from the tube 12 to the pendulum tube 30 via an attachable high pressure (HP) hose as a connecting line 41. The connecting line 41 forms a coupling. It is led out of the tube 12 via connecting sleeves 42 and 43 and into the pendulum tube 42.

4, the nozzle head 3 is essentially rectangular in plan view, but it can also be essentially cylindrical. In the present embodiment, the nozzle head according to FIG. 5 is provided on the front outer or front surface with an elastomeric coating layer 19 made of rubber, which extends both over the two outwardly inclined front surfaces 21, 22 and over the central end surface 23 , which runs at right angles to the axis 25 of the nozzle head 3, which is made of hard metal.

On the other side of the nozzle head 3 is the chamber 7, on the annular side surface of which a connection piece 20 is arranged, with which the nozzle head 3 can be screwed onto the coupling member 1c of the pendulum tube 30 according to FIG. 8. If pressurized medium flows through the pendulum tube 30 into the chamber 7, it presses the cylindrical insert nozzles 17 made of sapphire onto the ends of the connecting channels 5 * b, which the chamber 7 with the nozzle outlets 5 spread outward in relation to the nozzle head axis 25 * a connect via the cylindrical nozzles 5a and the nozzle cones 17b. The diameter of the nozzle outlets 5 * a is smaller than the diameter of the connecting channels 5 * b, so that such stops or shoulders 27 are formed for the insert nozzles 17. In contrast, the diameters of the nozzles 5a are considerably smaller than the diameters of the nozzle outlets 5 * a. The nozzle cones 5b open from the nozzles 5a towards the nozzle chamber 7. The insert nozzles 17 are as close as possible to the end face in the area of the coating layer 19 of the nozzle head 3 brought up, ie that the distance D between the shoulders 27 and the interface between the hard metal body of the nozzle head 3 and the coating layer 19 is chosen to be just large enough that there is no risk of breaking out even at high pressures of the medium.

In the illustrated embodiment, the two nozzle outputs 5 * a₁ and 5 * a₃ end on the flat end face 23, while the two nozzles 5 * a₂ and 5 * a₄ each end on one of the inclined front surfaces 21 and 22. The axis 26 of the connecting channels 5 * b and thus the nozzles 5a are arranged at angles of incidence β with respect to the nozzle axis 25. 4 clearly shows that the axis 26₁ is inclined with respect to the axis 25 of the nozzle head 3, which is not to be expected according to FIG. 5.

While the pressure medium is still compressed to the nozzles 5a via the nozzle cones 5b tapering at the spreading angle γ, the pressure medium, in particular water, relaxes behind it first behind the region of the nozzles 5a and then outside the nozzle head 3 and its coating layer 19 In contrast to Fig. 6/7, the single beam should remain "compact" as much as possible rather than diverge. Therefore, the nozzle head 3 is as close as possible, e.g. up to a few centimeters, brought up to the rock.

In another cutting device according to FIGS. 6 and 7 which is not part of the invention, when the device is started up, the pressure medium in the direction of the arrow passes from the pendulum tube 30 into the chamber 7 and from there out of the nozzles 5a out of the nozzle head 3. From a pressure of about 250 bar, the oscillating nozzle head 3 swings back and forth between the stops 4 even more or less quickly without a separate drive unit 32, so that a "milling" effect in the rock 15 or the like is achieved without contact between the nozzle head 3 and the rock 15 exists.

The device has as a feed line a pendulum tube 30, here in the form of a slightly resiliently bendable high-pressure hose, with a nozzle head 3 and nozzles 5a on the end face, and a guide 6 with stops 4 and springs in the form of spring-elastic buffers 4a. In order to avoid excessive wear of the pendulum tube 30 during operation of the device, this preferably has a guide 2 which, together with the nozzle head 3 and in cooperation with the guide 6, leads to a striking or high-frequency oscillating movement or Vibration of the pendulum tube 30 and the nozzle head 3 leads between the stops 4 according to the swivel angle α. The pendulum tube 30 is preferably provided with reinforcing sleeves in the area of the stops 4. 4, 5, the nozzles 5a of the nozzle head 3 assume different angles of attack β relative to the longitudinal axis 25 of the nozzle head 3. The cutting width C can be set so that the guide 6 with the walls 14 holding it can track the cut 16. The pendulum tube 30 oscillates around the coupling 11 with the pressure medium supply line 12. As in the case of FIGS. 1-3, the pendulum tube 30 can also be a rigid tube, provided that it carries out the desired pendulum movement, but there is a certain elasticity to achieve "whip-like" deflections cheaper. A coupling 11 is used to connect a pressure medium line 12.

The stops 4 can also consist of a resilient Ma material such as rubber. With these stops 4, a longer service life compared to an embodiment without such stops 4 is possible.

The guide 6 can be supported on the walls 14, which are connected by straight (FIG. 7) or curved (FIG. 8) end walls 13, but it can also have other shapes, for example a sieve-like reinforcement, through which the material removed during the cutting process can flow off with the medium. The guide 6 can be fastened with the screw bolts 13a.

It is expedient to keep the weight of the pendulum tube 30 with the nozzle head 3, which form a unitary unit that can oscillate about the coupling 11, low, so that a high pendulum frequency is possible with a low moment of inertia; Frictional forces on the guide 6 should be low.

With the device it is possible to make cuts 16 in practically any depth while tracking the small, less bulky device in the rock 15 without exposing it to strong vibrations which would promote cracking and would lead to increased rejects in later processing.

9 to 13, a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below:

According to FIG. 9, the elongated structural unit, which is only interrupted at the interruption points U in the illustration, but in practice is continuous, is composed of the following parts:

The pressure medium supply line 12 is designed as a straight steel tube and extends from the connection point 1b for connecting a pressure medium line to the coupling 11 parallel to the control line 31, which is also designed as a steel tube, and is welded to it via the connecting webs 36. A rotatable shaft 102 is mounted within the steel tube of the control line 31 and can be driven by a hydraulic motor 101 at the end shown on the left in FIG. 9 and is connected at its other end projecting at the free end of the control line 31 to an eccentric element serving as a drive unit 32 . When the shaft 102 is rotated about its axis, the coupling element 103 moved by the eccentric element acting in the manner of a crank in a circular path; it also takes the connection piece 1c at the free end of the bendable pendulum tube 30 in the form of a to some extent even inflatable, ie flexible, high-pressure hose, so that the nozzle head 3, which is interchangeably screwed onto the connection piece 1c, forms a circular with the rotation of the shaft 102 Performs movement. Corresponding circular paths sweep the beams 5b₁, 5b₂ of the pressure medium emitted by the nozzle head 3, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 13. The motor 101 can drive the shaft 102 and therefore also the nozzle head 3 at a frequency between 1500 and 10000 rpm, ie between 25 and approximately 167 Hz.

In FIG. 10, which shows a partial section AA according to FIG. 9, legs 6a of a bow-shaped guide 6 extend on both sides of the control line 31 with the shaft 102 mounted therein. The two legs 6a are connected at the bottom by a web 6b, so that the circular or oval movement path of the HD hose serving as a pendulum tube 30 can additionally be guided. The free ends of the legs 6a are welded to the sides of the extension piece 100, which serves to receive the sensor element 35 and a line 35a leading to it. The sensor element 35 can be movable in the longitudinal direction of the extension piece 100 in order to actuate a contact when striking a surface. The sensor element 35 can also be rigidly connected to the spike-like extension 100; in any case, the sensor element 35 should protrude in the longitudinal direction LR of the lancet-like, elongated device over the nozzle head 3, in order to ensure that it is protected against striking against solid objects, namely at the end. The guide element 6 which surrounds the "oscillating" HD tube 30 on a circular path in a bow-like manner should leave such a free space between the mutually facing sides of the legs 6a that the HD tube 30 is not hindered in its path of movement, which is that of the eccentric element trained drive member 32 is caused. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the HD hose, due to its bendable and even slightly flexible design using elastomeric material, such as rubber, which even allows a certain amount of inflation when the pressure medium is passed through, oscillates, as is shown schematically in FIG. 12 are shown. Thus, at the clamping point A, which corresponds to the coupling 11 of FIG. 9, the HP hose 30 may be at rest, while at the outer end D, to which the nozzle head 3 is fastened, one that is reciprocating in the plane of the drawing oscillating movement, but actually - as will also be explained with reference to FIG. 13 - executes a circular movement in such a plane that runs practically perpendicular or normal or at 90 ° to the nozzle axis. In contrast to the situation shown schematically in FIG. 11, in which only the end of the high-pressure hose 30 facing the nozzle head 3 is moved around an intended center in the circular path and various positions, such as those in solid and interrupted (30 ') And in dash-dotted (30˝) positions shown, there are actually antinodes E and F as well as vibration nodes B and C. This "wavy" hose movement is now not undesirable, but rather to achieve good machining or. Surprisingly, the rate of removal of the rock is even particularly advantageous. In contrast, excessive deflection of the hose, ie excessive vibration amplitudes on the antinodes E, F by the guide member 6 should be avoided. The guide element, like the drive element 32 designed as an eccentric element, can therefore be used with its coupling 103 to the high-pressure hose 30 in connection with the material of the high-pressure hose and the pressure of the pressure medium passed through to control the ablation rate mentioned.

It is recommended to use the highest possible pressure medium pressure. Suitable prints are between 1500 and 2500 bar.

Likewise, the design of the nozzle head 3 is a means of setting optimal conditions depending on the object to be machined or removed in connection with the movement of the nozzle head 3.

So it is recommended, according to a special embodiment of the invention, if the nozzle head 3 is provided with a central nozzle and with two side nozzles. The center nozzle directs a center jet 5b₂ in the longitudinal or axial direction of the nozzle head 3, while the side jets 5b₁, 5b₃ are offset by an angle of attack β of about 20 °. The rays 5b₁ 5b₂ and 5b₃ essentially each point on the surface of the rock 15 or the already formed channel-shaped "milling" 16. Since the nozzle head 3 is in the said circular movement, these impingement of the rays 5b₁, 5b₂, 5b₃ corresponding to the broken circles K₁, K₂ and K₃ of Fig. 13 with the frequency between about 25 and 167 Hz, so that Material of the rock 15 is literally knocked out in order to mill the channel 16 out of the rock 15 in accordance with the width C of the total area covered by the rays. A beneficial effect is that in the course of the feed movement of the device in the direction of arrow Y according to FIG. 13 overlap areas U 1/2 and U 2/3 between adjacent circles K 1 / K 2 on the one hand and K 2 / K 3 on the other hand, while in the peripheral areas, that is to say the edges of the channel 16, no such overlaps occur. At a distance between the front end of the nozzle head 3 and the area to be covered by the rays 5b₁, 5b₂ and 5b₃ of the rock 15 of about 1 to 2 cm and the use of these three nozzles is at a pressure of 2000 bar and a frequency of 50 Hz a removal rate of 15 m² / h for sandstone and an unexpectedly high removal rate of 3 m² / h for granite. Here has the center jet 5b₂ a throughput of 8 l / min and the side jets 5b₁, 5b₃ a larger throughput of 14 l / min of the pressure medium consisting of water. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this high removal rate is only possible when using such a flexible high-pressure hose as a pendulum tube 30 and as a connecting element between the nozzle head 3 and the essentially rigid feed line 12 using the eccentric element as the drive unit 32. Obviously, movements overlap, which are caused on the one hand by the eccentric, on the other hand by the bendable and flexible property of the high-pressure hose and finally even by pressure surges of the pressure medium itself, which produce the high-pressure pump (not shown).

The alternative to the device of Fig. 9 is shown in Figs. 14 and 15. There, the eccentric element or drive unit 32 is not a crank piece, but rather the shaft end 102a bent at an angle of approximately 10-25 ° to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 102, onto which a bushing as an eccentric element or drive unit 32 is attached and fastened. This socket is fixedly connected via a rigid arm serving as coupling element 103 to the connector 1c, which is located at the end of the high-pressure hose 30 and is fixedly attached there by means of a connecting sleeve 30a. The nozzle head 3 is not shown in FIG. 15. The shaft 102 is supported at the end of the control line 31 - a tube - by means of a bearing 31b, so that the shaft end 103a rotates about the axis of rotation determined by the bearing 31b and, due to the angle η, also gives the connecting piece 1c and the nozzle head 3 an oscillating movement .

On the clutch 11, a radially projecting arm 11a is fastened in a rotationally fixed manner, which abuts a stop 31a on the control line 31 and thereby prevents the thread of the clutch 11 from becoming loose during the oscillating bwz. oscillating movements of the HD hose 30 loosens or even unintentionally unscrewed.

In the invention, the arrangement of the connector 1c to the eccentric offers a further possibility of variation. If a further part of a bendable high-pressure hose 30 is installed as an "additional" pendulum tube between the connecting piece 1c and the nozzle head 3, the whipping nozzle head movements are further intensified. The mechanical and hydraulic alternating stress of the material to be processed is favored.

The device can be used not only for cutting and / or drilling rock 15 in open quarries, but also in underground mines, for example in salt deposits for salt extraction or in coal seams to break out the coal or also to expand the passages to better deficient seams to make it accessible. Also tunnel drives for e.g. underground traffic routes are thereby to be managed. It can also be used for cleaning runways, walls and the like, for removing road marking paints, for cleaning oil tanks or power station tanks, or for cleaning ship walls below the waterline, namely for removing mussels, barnacles, etc., and for roughening road surfaces . This provides the specialist with further possible uses.

Claims (12)

1. A device for cutting, drilling or similar working of rock, ores, natural stone, concrete or the like by means of a pressure medium in which pressure medium is supplied via a supply pipe to a nozzle head (3) and is directed through at least one nozzle thereof in the form of a jet at a traversing angle (α), especially oscillatingly, onto the rock or the like, and in which a drive mechanism (32, 33) drives the nozzle head (3) in an especially oscillatory motion substantially transversely to the direction of the jet,
characterized in that
the supply pipe comprises a rocking pipe (30) which causes the especially oscillatory motion of the nozzle head (3) and which is engaged by the drive mechanism (32, 33) which is supported parallel to the rocking pipe (30), which extends substantially parallel to the rocking pipe (30), conducts the energy carrier to the drive mechanism (32) for actuating the same, and includes guide means (6) for the rocking pipe (30).

2. Device as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that
the nozzle head (3) is provided with at least two nozzles (5a) and is pivotally mounted on an eccentric member functioning as drive mechanism (32), said eccentric member moving the nozzle head (3) in a plane substantially normal to the axis of the rocking pipe (30) along a substantially circular or oval path.

3. Device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2,
characterized in that
the nozzle head (3) is disposed on the free end of the rocking pipe (30) which is a pliable high-pressure hose, comprises elastomeric material, and expands under the action of internal pressure.

4. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the eccentric member is mounted on the end of the control pipe (31) and that the energy carrier is a shaft (102) which transfers the kinetic energy which is produced by a motor (101) mounted at the other end of the control pipe (31), to the eccentric member in the form of a rotary movement.
5. Device as claimed in claim 1,
characterized in that
a rigid supply pipe (12) leading to the high-pressure hose (30) is connected via connecting webs (36) to the control pipe (31) to form a substantially elongated and flat assembly therewith.

6. Device as calimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the part of the high-pressure hose-type rocking pipe (30) adjacent the nozzle head (3) is guided in a stirrup-like guide member (6) having its respective legs (6a) joined to the control pipe (31) and/or a retaining member (100), said guide member (6) enclosing the sides of the nozzle head (3) or the adjacent portion of the rocking pipe (30) in spaced relationship.

7. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a fitting (100) is mounted on the control pipe (31) to project beyond the nozzle head (3) in longitudinal direction (LR) of the device.

8. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the inner diameter of the high-pressure hose-tpye rocking pipe (30) is selected to be considerably larger than the inner diameter of the substantially rigid supply pipe (12).

9. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the high-pressure hose (30) is configured, arranged and dimensioned such that it performs a wave-like inherent deformation when the nozzle head (3) is driven via the eccentric member, and that the nozzle head (3) is mounted so that its movement can be controlled not only by the eccentric member but also by the wave-like inherent deformation of high-pressure hose (30).

10. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the nozzle head (3) is adapted to be detachably threaded or pushed onto a union member (1c) which is drivingly connected to the eccentric member via a coupling element (103).

11. Device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the nozzle head (3) is provided with a central nozzle (5a) and at least a pair of side nozzles (5a), each of said side nozzles producing a lateral jet (5b₁, 5b₃) which is offset with respect to the central jet (5b₂) exiting from the central nozzle (5a) and is inclined at a setting angle β relative to the direction of the central jet (5b₂).

12. Device as claimed in claim 11,
characterized in that
the setting angle β is about between 15° and 30°.

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