DE3416514A1 - Pipe-driving machine of inaccessible diameter - Google Patents

Abstract

In a pipe-driving machine of inaccessible diameter and having a clearing head arranged in a casing tube, the clearing head is driven in a wobbling motion which results in excellent loosening of the soil to be cleared away. Such a construction is superior to a rotationally driven clearing head in terms of design and also with regard to performance. The directional control is advantageously effected by a cyclically asymmetric wobbling drive, which in turn is very simple to achieve from the design point of view. The clearing head can be acted upon by a percussion mechanism, with which stones which are found in loose soil can be broken up. The clearing head advantageously consists of an outer annular cutting edge and a centrally arranged cone driven in a rotary manner relative to the annular cutting edge, as a result of which a crusher for comminuting rock is formed.

Description

Pipe jacking machine of non-accessible diameter.

The invention relates to a machine as defined in the preamble of. Claim 1 mentioned Art.

Such machines are used to lay pipes that are smaller and not accessible Diameter in horizontal tunneling, with the tunneling machine being pushed by the Pipes is advanced. The clearing head works with the assistance of pressurized water the loosening of the soil to be cleared. Allow steering options for the clearing head compliance with the target direction even in the case of transverse forces occurring during operation. A machine of the type mentioned is made from "controllable horizontal drilling device for non-accessible pipelines "special print from" civil engineering, civil engineering, road construction " No. 2, 3 1983 known. There are several variants with rotating driven clearing heads shown.

The rotating broach drive of these known designs is however, with regard to the required soil loosening disadvantageous, since with the known rotary movement only a milling or drilling action comes into question. There are also disadvantages with regard to the control of the advance direction, which can only be achieved by tilting the axis of rotation, which is complex in terms of apparatus. The use of such machines is therefore limited to the laying of larger pipe diameters from about 1 m.

The object of the present invention is to provide a pipe jacking machine of the type mentioned to create that with a simpler and more robust structure can be used especially for smaller pipe diameters and a higher clearing capacity enables.

This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the marking part of claim 1 solved.

According to the invention, the clearing head is not rotating, but in a Driven tumbling motion. The reaming head therefore does not act evenly on the Face, but alternately in the tumbling movement at different points. He also practices a combined incisive and tilting action on the ground Movement off. This results in a considerably improved loosening work compared to purely rotating clearing head drive. The clearing head can therefore be constructed in a very simple manner and designed to be robust, which means a long service life and also for small drilling diameters is advantageous. The propulsion control can be carried out in a conventional manner by tilting of the entire machine or, advantageously, in the construction, which is considerably simpler Way according to the cyclically asymmetrical drive type described below take place, which is only made possible by the provision of a tumbling movement.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 2 characterized. This makes a very robust and simple one Wobble drive allows. The features of claim 3 are advantageously provided, which in turn simplify the construction considerably.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 4 characterized. If the rolling circle of the broaching head the Corresponding to the broaching head diameter, the wobble head remains non-rotatable and does not result in any disruptive effects Torque on the jacket pipe. Still occurring due to soil influences Torque influences can be caused by a correspondingly slightly deviating adjustment of the rolling circle are compensated, including, for example, the eccentricity of the Crank drive can be adjusted.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 5 characterized. This makes it possible only to control the advance direction by adjusting the wobble drive. Additional Control devices that tilt the entire machine, for example, are not necessary. In this way, in turn, the construction is simplified and the Machine especially useful for small diameters. With cyclically asymmetrical The wobble drive can be controlled at a certain fixed circumferential angular position the fixed jacket pipe has a stronger digging effect than the opposite Circumferential angles can be achieved, resulting in a deflection of the machine in that direction stronger digging effect results.

With the features of claim 6, cyclically fluctuating Speed can be achieved, for what purpose a corresponding engine control is required without any other mechanically complex and fault-prone mechanical control devices. The pipe jacking constantly acting on the wobble head then provides a stronger one Advancing and loosening in the circumferential angle range in which the wobble head with longer Dwell time protrudes from the opposite angular position in which it protrudes with a shorter dwell time.

Alternatively, this type of control can be achieved by mechanical adjustment the wobble kinematics can be achieved according to claim 7, whereby the same control effect is achievable.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 8 characterized. The very simple and stable according to the invention The buildable clearing head is ideally suited for impact transmission. He can by means of a striking mechanism can be used as a chisel. This will drive through made possible by loose soils interspersed with stones, whereby accumulating stones are caused by impact be crushed. The impact effect can also be used for support on very firm ground the tumbling loosening movement can be used.

The striking mechanism is advantageously arranged according to claim 9, whereby a small diameter and of spoil influences in the clearing area protected construction is given.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 10 characterized. For the wobbling operation of the clearing head the provision of an outer cup point is particularly suitable that the inside the cutting edge loosens the soil in such a way that it is supported by pressurized water just like that can be transported away.

The features of claim 11 are advantageously provided. In this way, stones that are too large for removal or by using a hammer mechanism can be used Fragments split off from a very large stone between the edge of the ring and the cone are further comminuted in the manner of a crusher to enable removal Diameter that is determined by the radial distance between the cutting edge and the cone will.

The features of claim 12 are advantageously provided. In this way, a special rotary drive for the cone is avoided. Whose Rather, the rotary movement is derived from the eccentric movement of the wobble drive.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 13 characterized. In this way the striking mechanism can normally switched off and only comes into action automatically when very hard Axial pressure force is exerted on the bottom or abutment of the clearing head against a larger stone increases and the need to switch on the striking mechanism is given.

The features of claim 14 are advantageously provided. In this way, the wobble head is floating in the propulsion direction via a compression spring supported on the jacket pipe and is based on this in its axial position of the ground resistance. If this increases too much, the wobble head becomes opposite pushed back on the jacket pipe, with which the striking mechanism is switched on, its actuation is now required.

The machine according to the invention is also advantageous by the Features of claim 15 characterized.

In this way, the maneuverability of the machine is improved, with Advantageously, the storage is designed in a particularly simple manner according to claim 16 is. As an alternative or in addition to the central socket bearing, at the bearing point according to claim 17 a circumferential elastic support ring can be provided. This can serve as a tilting bearing alone or be provided in addition to a tilting bearing, around the space between the successive tubes to the outside against ingress Sealing the ground.

In the drawing, the invention is exemplified and schematic shown in an axial section through a pipe jacking machine.

The pipe jacking machine shown is used for underground jacking of pipes z. B. of fresh or waste water pipelines, with over stretches of z. B.

500 m between excavation pits at the beginning and end of the respective route is being driven underground. There are pipe sections at the beginning of the route attached, and from there the pipe is pushed forward over the entire length with presses.

The two foremost pipe sections are shown in the drawing. The foremost pipe section forms the jacket pipe 1 of the pipe jacking machine, which is closed at the rear end with a bulkhead 2. The subsequent pipe section 3 is closed with a bulkhead 4 at the front end. The jacket pipe 1 is on the subsequent pipe section 3 between the bulkheads 2, 4 with a ball and pan existing storage 5 supported. Around this storage 5 on the pipe edge an elastic support ring 6 is provided all around between the bulkheads 2, 4, the one elastic that allows the front pipe sections to tilt towards one another Support and a seal against the ground results, with suitable Formation of the support ring 6, if necessary, the storage 5 can be dispensed with can.

At the front end of the jacket tube 1, a clearing head 7 is provided, who works in the ground against the face 8 of the pending soil, who there loosens the soil and promotes it into the interior of the casing tube 1.

From the nozzles 9 shown by way of example in the direction of the arrow against the Jets of water directed towards the face support the loosening of the soil and add so much water that the soil is mixed into a water slurry that is sucked through a conveyor pipe 10, which through the entire pipe string to the rear runs and are arranged in the feed pumps, not shown.

From the clearing head 7 a shaft 11 is dug in this way, the Diameter is slightly larger than that of the pipes to be laid, which reduces friction is lowered between the manhole and the pipes.

The clearing head 7 according to the invention has a cutting edge 12 which at its cutting edge 13 has the diameter of the shaft 11 to be dug, thus a slightly larger diameter than the jacket pipe 1. On the rear part the cutting edge 12 is provided with an outer spherical surface 14 with which the broaching head 7 rotatable about the center point of the spherical surface 14 in the front edge 15 of the jacket tube 1 is stored. A stop flange 16 on the cutting edge 12 secures the axial Position of the clearing head 7 in relation to the jacket pipe 1 and prevents that the clearing head can be pushed into the casing pipe.

The cutting edge 12 is on a central bushing 18 via arms 17 supported, which is rotatable on the axis 19 of a central point within the cup point 12 arranged cone 12 is mounted. The cone axis 19 is free in the socket 18 rotatable and immovable in the axial direction and carries on its rear End of a joint socket 22 covered with a locking ring 21, which has a joint head 23 records. The joint head 23 is attached to the output shaft via a crank arm 24 25 of a drive motor 26, which is attached to the casing tube 1, in the illustrated Execution case at its bulkhead 2, and in a suitable manner z. B. electrical, Hydraulically or the like operated and with suitable motor controls for remote control is provided from the outside.

The front part of the engine 26 is in a center bulkhead 27 of the casing pipe 1 supported and opposite the clearing area filled with overburden sealed in the front part of the jacket pipe. The space around the engine 26 can be about pressurized water is applied to a pipe 28, which serves to cool the motor 26 and prevents the ingress of soil through possible leaks.

When rotating the output shaft 25 of the motor 26 is via the Crank arm 24, the joint 22, 23 at the rear end of the cone axis 19 of the clearing head 7 moved in a concentric circular path. The reaming head 7 is in a tumbling motion moved in its outer bearing 14, 15 on the casing tube edge. The ring point 12, which is rotationally decoupled by its pivot bearing 18, 19 on the cone axis 19, makes just a tumbling motion without rotating component and digs tumbling into the face 8, resulting in an excellent loosening of the pending there Bottom is reached.

In a simple version to be described first, the joint is 22, 23 designed as a ball joint. Then there are essentially no torsional forces, but only transmit tumbling forces to the broaching head 7. The cone 20 is then also non-rotatable and in a simplified version can be rigid, i.e. without the one shown Storage 18, 19 are connected to the cup point.

The embodiment described so far results due to the wobbling movement of the clearing head 7 an excellent loosening and removal of loose soil the face 8. Difficulties would arise in the case of rock falling into the ground, which could not be eliminated with the embodiment described so far, since only smaller stones can be transported away through the conveyor pipe 10, larger ones However, stones would block the cross-section of the clearing head.

For such cases there is a hammer mechanism on the reaming head drive in front of the motor 26 29 provided. While ensuring the rotary drive by the motor 26 is the Wave in the hammer mechanism 29 in the axial direction with blows of the required pulse strength applied. These impact pulses are transmitted via the joint 22, 23 to the Cone 20 and the cutting edge 12. Rock adjoining this is caused by the impact smashed and shredded and can then be conveyed away.

However, the rock debris crushed by the impact can still too big for the promotion. Therefore, the reaming head 7 is also as Crusher to further Crushing of the rock debris is formed.

For this purpose, the joint 22, 23 is not round.

For example, the joint head 23 and the socket 22 in the Axis section be oval. The joint then allows the wobbling movement to transmit but the rotational movement of the shaft 25 on the cone axis 19, so that the cone 20 with the shaft 25 is rotated. The cutting edge 12, however, remains rotationally fixed because it is over the storage 18, 19 can rotate freely on the cone 20 and through the soil and the support on the jacket pipe is held non-rotatably. So there is a rotary movement between the cutting edge 12 and the cone 20. In the ring funnel between the cutting edge and the cone are larger chunks of rock in the manner of a crusher except for grind a certain diameter through the narrowest annular gap at 30 between the cutting edge 12 and the cone 20 is determined. To promote the emetic effect the inner surface of the cutting edge 12 and the outer surface of the cone 20 are advantageous with roughened, e.g. B. corrugated surface and made of correspondingly hard material educated.

The joint 22, 23 required for this embodiment, the wobbling movement must allow, but is intended to transmit rotary motion, can in the manner mentioned as elliptical socket joint or in another suitable manner, z. B. by means of a cardan joint, a constant velocity joint or the like.

The striking mechanism 29 is more or less depending on the soil conditions often needed. If there is pure loose soil, it can be switched off. Advantageous is an automatic activation of the hammer mechanism depending on the soil conditions. This automatic activation can be obtained in that the axial pressure exerted by the face 8 on the clearing head 7 is determined.

Occurs z. B. in the form of a larger stone an increased resistance on, the striking mechanism 29 must be switched on.

In the embodiment shown, the output shaft is used for this purpose 25 mounted displaceably in the axial direction in the striking mechanism 29 and with a compression spring supported. The axis shift can be determined using a switch. at loose soil is in equilibrium with the compression spring arranged in the hammer mechanism 29 between the spring force and the axial pressure of the ground, the clearing head in one held axial position in which the striking mechanism 29 is switched off. Resistance increases on, the reaming head and thus the output shaft 25 is driven back and that Striking mechanism 29 switched on.

The activation of the striking mechanism 29 can also be done in other ways, for. B. od via remote control. Like. Take place.

With a uniform wobble drive, the pipe jacking machine shown works in the axial direction of the casing pipe 1 forward into the face 28 over longer laying stretches However, there may be deviations, for example with stones lying on the side or the like ..

It is therefore a constant check of the direction of advance and of Depending on this, it is necessary to control the direction of advance.

Conventionally, this directional control could be by tilting of the jacket pipe 1 compared to the subsequent pipe section 3 by means of controllable hydraulic Pressing or the like. Take place. Such a complex control is intended, however, according to the invention be avoided.

With the invention, the direction control is cyclically asymmetrical Orbital drive reached. In a structurally particularly simple manner, the drive motor is used for this purpose 26 for the rotary drive cyclically controlled asymmetrically, so that when the Crank arm 24 by 360 "in a certain angular range, for example in the area 0 °, the dwell time is longer than in the opposite angular range around 1800.

This results in an oblique pulling force that pushes the clearing head and thus the jacket pipe deflects in one direction and which are used for control can. The motor only needs to be appropriately dependent on direction sensing systems being controlled. The engine is controlled in such a way that with every revolution the shaft 25 is slowed down in the same angular range and accelerated in the same angular range will.

A cyclically asymmetrical tumble control can also be used in other ways can be achieved, for example by cyclical adjustment of the wobble kinematics. For this purpose, the crank arm 24 can be adjusted in length in a manner not shown be formed. For example, a slide guide with hydraulic Pistons or the like are used, with each revolution of the shaft 25 in one certain area has a greater wobble deflection than in the opposite Direction can be adjusted. This can be essentially the same Steering effect can be achieved.

The direction control according to the invention by cyclically asymmetrical Tumbling movement is characterized by its particular structural simplicity, as the already existing wobble drive has to be modified only slightly, additional Control devices, however, are completely eliminated.

The following should also be noted with regard to the wobble kinematics.

As can be seen from the drawing, the cutting edge 13 rolls of the cutting edge 12 during the tumbling movement on a circle that goes through the outer edge of the face 8 is described. This circle has the same diameter as the cutting edge 13. Under these circumstances, if the rolling circle corresponds to the broaching head diameter, the cutting edge 12 remains rotationally fixed with respect to the ground during the tumbling movement. If the wobble kinematics, which is given by the drive eccentricity (crank arm 24) as well as the distance of the joint 22, 23 from the center of the tumbling movement in the Center of the spherical surface 14, changed in such a way that the rolling circle described is smaller or larger than the circumference of the broaching head 7 (cutting edge 13), so results a torque is exerted on the cup point 12. The cup point 12 then rotates slowly during the tumbling movement, depending on the difference in diameter in one or the other other direction. This results in a disruptive torque that only occurs when the Diameters is 0.

Depending on the friction between the wobble head and the one to be loosened During the tumbling movement, a torque can be exerted on them must be balanced. Then it can be advantageous to adjust the rolling circle slightly to be set differently from the broaching head diameter in order to deal with the resulting Torque to compensate for the frictional torque. The desired different setting the kinematics can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the crank arm 24 can be made.

Claims (17)

CLAIMS: 1. Pipe jacking machine of non-accessible diameter for Loose soil with a clearing head and loosening that is steered in relation to a casing pipe and removal of the spoil by pressurized water, characterized in that the The clearing head (7) is designed to be drivable in a tumbling movement, in which its axis (19) describes a cone around the direction of advance. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the head drive has a motor (26), the output shaft of which is axially arranged in the casing tube (1) (25) via a crank arm (24) drives a crank pin joint (22, 23) which is attached to the Räumkopf (7) engages in the axis (19). 3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the clearing head (7) mounted with an outer spherical surface (14) in the front edge of the casing tube (15) is. 4. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the kinematics of the wobble drive, if necessary by adjusting an adjustable one Crank arm (24), is designed in such a way that the outer Räumkopffrand (13) rolls on a circle in the diameter range of the reaming head circumference. 5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that to control the advance direction of the wobble drive is cyclically asymmetrical is designed to be controllable. 6. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that at constant Tumble kinematics of the wobble drive (26) with cyclically fluctuating speed is designed to be controllable. 7. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that at constant Speed of the wobble drive with cyclically variable wobble deflection, if necessary is designed to be controllable via cyclical adjustment of the crank arm length (24). 8. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the clearing head (7) can be acted upon by an impact mechanism (29) acting in the advancing direction is trained. 9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the hammer mechanism (29) acts on the drive shaft (25). 10. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the clearing head (7) has an outer cutting edge (12). 11. Machine according to claim 10, characterized in that in the Räumkopachs a rotationally driven, with the ring cutting edge (12) acting as a crusher Cone (20) is arranged. 12. Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the cutting edge (12) is freely rotatable on the cone axis (19) in which the crank pin joint (22, 23) engages non-rotatably with respect to the cone axis. 13. Machine according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that that the hammer mechanism (29) above a preselectable axial load of the broaching head (7) is designed to switch on automatically. 14. Machine according to claim 13, characterized in that the wobble head (7) possibly including its drive (26, 29) in the direction of advance with respect to the jacket tube (1) displaceable with respect to this with a compression spring is supported, wherein the striking mechanism (29) can be switched on after a certain backward displacement is. 15. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the jacket pipe (1) mounted on all sides tiltable on the following pipe section (3) is. 16. Machine according to claim 15, characterized in that between Casing pipe (1) and the following pipe section (3) arranged in the pipe axis Storage (5) from ball and socket is provided. 17. Machine according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that that between the jacket pipe (1) and the following pipe shot (3) at the edge circumferentially elastic support ring (6) is provided.