EP0280886A1 - Procédé de fabrication de revêtements décoratifs sur métaux - Google Patents
Procédé de fabrication de revêtements décoratifs sur métaux Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0280886A1 EP0280886A1 EP19880101400 EP88101400A EP0280886A1 EP 0280886 A1 EP0280886 A1 EP 0280886A1 EP 19880101400 EP19880101400 EP 19880101400 EP 88101400 A EP88101400 A EP 88101400A EP 0280886 A1 EP0280886 A1 EP 0280886A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- decorative
- metals
- von
- colored
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021204 NaH2 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910004748 Na2 B4 O7 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 chrome ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021503 Cobalt(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;cobalt Chemical compound [AlH3].[Co] BLJNPOIVYYWHMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical class [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/024—Anodisation under pulsed or modulated current or potential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/026—Anodisation with spark discharge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the production of decorative coatings on metals, in particular on aluminum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, tantalum and their alloys, preferably for the jewelry industry, the arts and crafts, equipment manufacturing, cladding and coins, metal plastics and badges.
- this carrier layer is produced by anodizing using direct or alternating current in electrolytes containing sulfur, phosphorus, maleic or salicylic oxalate. Such surfaces always show a "cold" shine. Also is in this relatively expensive multi-stage process a homogeneous surface decoration on, for example, plastics, badges, hollow bodies, delicate structures, brooches etc. not, or only realizable with high technical effort. Furthermore, transparent layers of aluminum oxide produced by anodic oxidation of aluminum are known, which can then be colored with various dyes (US 3031387). Since these layers are transparent, the metallic gloss of the surface is always retained. The organic compounds used to color the layers are also influenced by environmental influences such as radiation, temperature and air humidity and change their color.
- DD-WP 204845 describes the use of electronic parts as jewelry.
- DE-OS 1446289 presents a special enamelling process for decorative coatings on jewelry. Colored, anodized aluminum parts are also used as decorative elements.
- the invention is based on the object of developing a process by means of which aluminum, titanium, niobium, zirconium, tantalum and their alloys on optically shaped surfaces of the metals are optically attractive, decorative-acting matt, white, black or colored layers on all sides with high dimensional accuracy, Adhesion strength and color homogeneity are generated.
- the object is achieved in that aluminum, titanium, tantalum, zirconium, niobium or their alloys in an aqueous electrolyte on the barrier layer-forming metals by means of an electrochemical and plasma chemical reaction determined by pulse voltage in: - Voltage peaks from 250 V to 750 V - Pulse times from 20 ⁇ s to 2 ms - Pulse frequencies from 35 Hz to 300 Hz - Pulse currents from 10 A to 120 A. - Electrolyte temperatures from 318 K to 360 K. and - Average current densities from 0.1 A cm ⁇ 2 to 1 A cm ⁇ 2 matt, contour-true decorative layers with a homogeneous thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m are formed.
- the voltage values which are assigned to the arc discharge area in the current-voltage characteristic of the electrolyte-metal pairing and usually lead to the destruction of the layer, but result in a homogeneous layer formation on all sides in pulse operation up to 300 Hz. It has been shown that the partial anode area is greatly minimized by the pulse operation, in particular with a needle pulse character, and the energy input into the base is localized in such a way that the individual discharge focal points overlap strongly and lead to a uniform layer thickness with only a small roughness.
- the pulse operation according to the invention also enables colored layers of high quality and depth of color to be formed even in electrolytes with a high concentration (up to 20%) of transition metal ions.
- copper ions in the electrolyte at light concentrations of 1% to 20% produce light yellow to ocher, manganese ions pink to umber-colored, chrome ions green to black, iron ions light gray to deep black, molybdenum ions light gray to dark gray layers.
- the layers produced by the process according to the invention have an average surface roughness of 4 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m and consist of two different layer areas.
- the layer area adjacent to the metal surface is transparent or white and has a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the cover layer area following this transparent or white layer area is white, black, colored, matt and opaque and has a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m. With a maximum achievable layer thickness of 30 ⁇ m according to the invention, a transition zone occurs between the transparent or white layer region and the top layer region.
- the transparent or white layer area contains no coloring transition metal ions and acts as an adhesion promoter to the top layer area.
- the lattice parameter deviations of the metal from the transparent layer area are small because of the field crystallization effect, so that no mechanical stresses occur at the metal-metal oxide interface areas of transparent or white layer areas. Since the transparent or white layer area and the top layer area also consist of the same base metal oxide, a high bond stability between the two oxide layers is ensured despite the lattice expansion of the oxides in the top layer area, also due to built-in transition metal ions. The color in the top layer area is due to the incorporation of transition metal ions. With these inorganic color bodies there is a risk of bleaching not given. Lightfast spinels or mixed oxides are formed.
- a multiple anodic treatment according to the invention in different electrolytes can form several differently colored cover layer regions, so that homogeneous and / or heterogeneous color distributions arise.
- the matt appearance of these decorative covers is characterized by their very low gloss. Gloss measurements according to RICHTER showed gloss numbers from 0.5 to 1.5 regardless of the angle of reflection. That means a completely matt surface.
- Different concentrations of the transition metal ions in the top layer area, the mass fraction of which ranges up to 20% gave color shades combined with a homogeneous or marbled or speckled or flamed or mosaic-like appearance. All or part of the metal surfaces can be provided with the anodic oxide layer.
- Jewelry articles that are treated with the method according to the invention are notable for good body tolerance because the chemically indifferent oxide layers prevent direct contact between metal and skin.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88101400T ATE76117T1 (de) | 1987-02-02 | 1988-02-01 | Verfahren zur herstellung dekorativer ueberzuege auf metallen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD29961887A DD257274B1 (de) | 1987-02-02 | 1987-02-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung dekorativer oberflaechen auf metallen |
| DD29962087A DD257275A1 (de) | 1987-02-02 | 1987-02-02 | Dekorativer ueberzug auf metallen |
| DD299618 | 1987-02-02 | ||
| DD299620 | 1987-02-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0280886A1 true EP0280886A1 (fr) | 1988-09-07 |
| EP0280886B1 EP0280886B1 (fr) | 1992-05-13 |
Family
ID=25748112
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88101400A Expired - Lifetime EP0280886B1 (fr) | 1987-02-02 | 1988-02-01 | Procédé de fabrication de revêtements décoratifs sur métaux |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4869789A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0280886B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3870925D1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4104847A1 (de) * | 1991-02-16 | 1992-08-20 | Friebe & Reininghaus Ahc | Verfahren zur keramisierung von metalloberflaechen |
| EP0514661A2 (fr) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-25 | JENOPTIK GmbH | Procédé de préparation de revêtements d'oxydes céramiques sur des alliages coulés de métaux légers contenant du silicium |
| DE4139006A1 (de) * | 1991-11-27 | 1993-06-03 | Electro Chem Eng Gmbh | Verfahren zur erzeugung von oxidkeramikschichten auf sperrschichtbildenden metallen |
| EP0563671A1 (fr) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-06 | Hauzer, Franciscus Johannes Matheus | Procédé pour le revêtement électrolytique de substrats et d'analogues de substrats |
| WO1996033300A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-24 | Harbin Huanya Micro - Arc Co. Ltd. | Procede de fabrication d'une couche de ceramique au moyen d'une electrolyse amplifiee au plasma et produit obtenu |
| EP0884405A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-24 | 1998-12-16 | Anatoli J. Prof. Dr. Vassiliev | Procédé pour obtenir des couches d'oxyde dures sur la surface d'un substrat à base de métaux légers |
| WO2015000003A1 (fr) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Münze Österreich Ag | Plaque métallique |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD295198B5 (de) * | 1990-06-14 | 1996-06-27 | Physikalisch Tech Studien Gmbh | Elektrolyt zur erzeugung duenner schwarzer konversionsschichten auf leichtmetallen |
| DE4239391C2 (de) * | 1991-11-27 | 1996-11-21 | Electro Chem Eng Gmbh | Gegenstände aus Aluminium, Magnesium oder Titan mit einer mit Fluorpolymeren gefüllten Oxidkeramikschicht und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| US5685970A (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1997-11-11 | Gould Electronics Inc. | Method and apparatus for sequentially metalized polymeric films and products made thereby |
| ES2052455B1 (es) * | 1992-12-31 | 1994-12-01 | Novamax Tech Holdings | Procedimiento para la obtencion por via electrolitica sobre aluminio anodizado de una gama de colores del espectro visible. |
| US5720866A (en) * | 1996-06-14 | 1998-02-24 | Ara Coating, Inc. | Method for forming coatings by electrolyte discharge and coatings formed thereby |
| RU2149929C1 (ru) | 1999-04-02 | 2000-05-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Техно-ТМ" | Способ микроплазменной электролитической обработки поверхности электропроводящих материалов |
| US6342145B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2002-01-29 | Nielsen & Bainbridge Llc | Process for manufacturing multi-colored picture frames |
| US6290834B1 (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2001-09-18 | Ceramic Coatings Technologies, Inc. | Ceramic coated liquid transfer rolls and methods of making them |
| DE10022074A1 (de) * | 2000-05-06 | 2001-11-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Elektrochemisch erzeugte Schichten zum Korrosionsschutz oder als Haftgrund |
| US7578921B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2009-08-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for anodically coating aluminum and/or titanium with ceramic oxides |
| US6916414B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2005-07-12 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Light metal anodization |
| US7820300B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2010-10-26 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Article of manufacture and process for anodically coating an aluminum substrate with ceramic oxides prior to organic or inorganic coating |
| US7569132B2 (en) * | 2001-10-02 | 2009-08-04 | Henkel Kgaa | Process for anodically coating an aluminum substrate with ceramic oxides prior to polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone coating |
| US7452454B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2008-11-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Anodized coating over aluminum and aluminum alloy coated substrates |
| US20060207884A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-21 | Volodymyr Shpakovsky | Method of producing corundum layer on metal parts |
| DE102007046775A1 (de) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Verfahren zur Generierung von nanokristallinen oder nanokristallinhaltigen Metalloxid- und Metallmischoxidschichten auf sperrschichtbildenden Metallen |
| US9701177B2 (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2017-07-11 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Ceramic coated automotive heat exchanger components |
| KR101642832B1 (ko) * | 2009-09-14 | 2016-07-27 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 펠리클 프레임, 펠리클, 리소그래피 장치 및 펠리클 프레임의 제조방법 |
| US8516663B2 (en) | 2010-05-12 | 2013-08-27 | Hollenwolff, Llc | Cufflink technology |
| RU2457404C2 (ru) * | 2010-07-12 | 2012-07-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский государственный аэрокосмический университет имени академика М.Ф. Решетнева" (СибГАУ) | Секционный радиатор отопления |
| DE102016106588B4 (de) * | 2016-04-11 | 2023-12-14 | Neuman & Esser Process Technology Gmbh | Sichter |
| US9975372B2 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2018-05-22 | Charles White | Multi-dimensional art works and methods |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US926084A (en) | 1906-04-23 | 1909-06-22 | Gen Electric | Process of purifying tungstic anhydrid. |
| DE1446289A1 (de) | 1961-07-03 | 1969-03-20 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Bauteil aus rostfreiem Stahl fuer architektonische Zwecke |
| US3956080A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1976-05-11 | D & M Technologies | Coated valve metal article formed by spark anodizing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4144142A (en) * | 1975-11-04 | 1979-03-13 | Riken Keikinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for producing colored anodic film on aluminum-based material |
-
1988
- 1988-02-01 DE DE8888101400T patent/DE3870925D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-01 EP EP88101400A patent/EP0280886B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-02 US US07/151,363 patent/US4869789A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US926084A (en) | 1906-04-23 | 1909-06-22 | Gen Electric | Process of purifying tungstic anhydrid. |
| DE1446289A1 (de) | 1961-07-03 | 1969-03-20 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Bauteil aus rostfreiem Stahl fuer architektonische Zwecke |
| US3956080A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1976-05-11 | D & M Technologies | Coated valve metal article formed by spark anodizing |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 97, Nr. 8, August 1982, Seite 481, Zusammenfassung Nr. 63082b, Columbus, Ohio, US; & SU-A-926 084 (INSTITUTE OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, NOVOSIBIRSK) 07-05-1982 * |
| CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 63082 |
| METALLOBERFLÄCHE, Band 40, Nr. 12, Dezember 1986, Seiten 539-540, Carl Hanser Verlag, München, DE; P. KURZE et al.: "Beschichten durch anodische Oxidation unter Funkenentladung (ANOF)" * |
| P. KURZE ET AL.: "Metalloberfläche", vol. 40, 12 December 1986, CARL HAUSER VERLAG MÜNCHEN, article "Beschichten durch anodische Oxidation unter Funkenentladung", pages: 539 - 540 |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4104847A1 (de) * | 1991-02-16 | 1992-08-20 | Friebe & Reininghaus Ahc | Verfahren zur keramisierung von metalloberflaechen |
| EP0514661A2 (fr) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-25 | JENOPTIK GmbH | Procédé de préparation de revêtements d'oxydes céramiques sur des alliages coulés de métaux légers contenant du silicium |
| EP0514661A3 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-04-28 | Jenoptik Gmbh | Process for manufacturing oxide-ceramic surface coatings on silicon containing light metal casting alloys |
| DE4139006A1 (de) * | 1991-11-27 | 1993-06-03 | Electro Chem Eng Gmbh | Verfahren zur erzeugung von oxidkeramikschichten auf sperrschichtbildenden metallen |
| DE4139006C3 (de) * | 1991-11-27 | 2003-07-10 | Electro Chem Eng Gmbh | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Oxidkeramikschichten auf sperrschichtbildenden Metallen und auf diese Weise erzeugte Gegenstände aus Aluminium, Magnesium, Titan oder deren Legierungen mit einer Oxidkeramikschicht |
| EP0563671A1 (fr) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-10-06 | Hauzer, Franciscus Johannes Matheus | Procédé pour le revêtement électrolytique de substrats et d'analogues de substrats |
| WO1996033300A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-24 | Harbin Huanya Micro - Arc Co. Ltd. | Procede de fabrication d'une couche de ceramique au moyen d'une electrolyse amplifiee au plasma et produit obtenu |
| EP0884405A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-24 | 1998-12-16 | Anatoli J. Prof. Dr. Vassiliev | Procédé pour obtenir des couches d'oxyde dures sur la surface d'un substrat à base de métaux légers |
| EP0884405A3 (fr) * | 1997-05-24 | 1999-04-14 | Anatoli J. Prof. Dr. Vassiliev | Procédé pour obtenir des couches d'oxyde dures sur la surface d'un substrat à base de métaux légers |
| WO2015000003A1 (fr) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Münze Österreich Ag | Plaque métallique |
| AU2014286904B2 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-09-29 | Muenze Oesterreich Ag | Metal plate |
| US11131035B2 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2021-09-28 | Münze Österreich Ag | Metal plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3870925D1 (de) | 1992-06-17 |
| EP0280886B1 (fr) | 1992-05-13 |
| US4869789A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
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