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EP0271859A2 - Kompakte Doppelglühwendel mit Anwendung der Steigung für Biegungskontrolle - Google Patents

Kompakte Doppelglühwendel mit Anwendung der Steigung für Biegungskontrolle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0271859A2
EP0271859A2 EP87118491A EP87118491A EP0271859A2 EP 0271859 A2 EP0271859 A2 EP 0271859A2 EP 87118491 A EP87118491 A EP 87118491A EP 87118491 A EP87118491 A EP 87118491A EP 0271859 A2 EP0271859 A2 EP 0271859A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
lamp
coiled coil
diameter
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87118491A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0271859B1 (de
EP0271859A3 (de
Inventor
Pierce Johnson, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0271859A2 publication Critical patent/EP0271859A2/de
Publication of EP0271859A3 publication Critical patent/EP0271859A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0271859B1 publication Critical patent/EP0271859B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/18—Mountings or supports for the incandescent body
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
    • H01K1/14—Incandescent bodies characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a unique coiled coil incandescent filament and supports therefor, especially useful in a European version of Sylvania's Capsylite lamps.
  • Both PAR and A-line versions of these lamps are commercially available in the United States.
  • the U.S. versions of these lamps are characterized by a low-wattage, tungsten - halogen, hard glass light-source capsule, mounted within a heavy outer envelope. See, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,598,225, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • parabolic aluminized reflector (PAR), elliptical reflector (ER), or reflector (R) lamps for general spot, downlighting, and/or flood lighting applications is well established.
  • PAR, ER type lamps have been accepted as the lamps of choice for short to medium distance outdoor uses, as well as for indoor display, decoration, accent, and inspection applications of down lighting.
  • incandescent PAR-type lamps particularly Sylvania's PAR38, have used a filament mounted transversely in the reflector, that is, perpendicular to its axis of symmetry, because this was the simplest configuration to manufacture.
  • Capsylite lamps operating under United States type electrical systems i.e., 120-130V; 60 Hertz
  • such compact filaments are made possible by the use of a halfwave rectifying diode which effectively reduces the capsule voltage from 120V to about 84V.
  • the lamp need not be hermetic and bonded beam lamps have appeared.
  • Coiled filaments are known, see for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 1,180,159; 1,247,068; 2,142,865; 2,306,925; 2,774,918; 4,208,609; and 4,316,116. However, none of these coiled filaments provides the unique features of the filament of the present invention.
  • Filament supports typically cause shadowing and scattering of light. Examples of typical filament supports may be found in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,359,665; 4,208,606; 3,780,333; 3,736,455; 3,678,319; 3,634,722; 3,335,312; and 3,173,051.
  • quartz halogen capsules in the 220-250V range have been made, they are generally inefficient and complicated affairs with zig-zagged" filaments and multiple coil supports.
  • quartz capsules are not well suited for use in PAR lamps since they are lacking both in luminous efficiency and in optical efficiency. They are also more expensive to produce than hard glass capsules due to the high cost of materials and processes involved and the amount of labor required.
  • the present invention overcomes the difficulties mentioned above with respect to European type PAR and A-line lamps by providing a unique filament and non-interfering supports therefor.
  • the present invention is directed to a low wattage ( ⁇ 150W) high voltage (120-250V) halogen coil filament particularly well suited for use in European type PAR and A-line lamps.
  • the invention is directed to an improved halogen coil filament, the improvements including a compact high efficiency filament mounted axially in a single ended hard glass capsule with a unique system of supports sufficient to prevent significant coil sag over the useful life thereof.
  • the parameters of the filament of the present invention are new.
  • a filament prepared in accordance with these parameters demonstrates improved compactness and structural rigidity which, together with the unique supplementary supports therefor, provides a suitable light-source for lamps operating under European electrical systems (220-250 volts and 50 Hertz).
  • This invention relates to a multiple coiled filament and system of supports.
  • the filament consists of a single strand wire, coreless, coiled coil filament for an incandescent lamp.
  • the supports allow a simple, inexpensive and efficient coil to be constructed.
  • Figure 1 represents an example of an incandescent lamp 10, in this embodiment being of the tungsten halogen variety, prepared in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
  • lamp 10 comprises a tubular envelope 12, prepared from a suitable light transmissive material, such as aluminosilicate glass.
  • a pair of lead in wires 14 and 16, portions of which serve as mounting means, are press sealed in envelope 12 at press seal 18.
  • Lead in wires 14 and 16 can be formed from any suitable material, for example, molybdenum, which will form a relatively strain free hermetic seal with glass envelope 12.
  • a refractory metal such as tungsten, is used to form the coiled coil filament 20 in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
  • Coiled coil filament 20 is provided with legs 21 at each end thereof during its formation.
  • envelope 12 is filled with a fill gas, comprising an inert gas and a suitable halogen or halide.
  • a fill gas comprising an inert gas and a suitable halogen or halide.
  • fill gases include the inert gases; argon, krypton, xenon, and/or nitrogen; plus the halogen or halide.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate enlarged views of the preferred tungsten filament of the present invention and its coiled and coiled coiled stages, respectively.
  • Each stage has a pitch or percent pitch, which is equal to S, the center to center spacing of the turns, divided by d, the diameter of the wire or coil, multiplied by 100.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the primary pitch of a filament 20A having a center to center spacing of S1, wire diameter d1, and outer diameter D1.
  • the primary pitch P1 is equal to S1/d1 and the secondary pitch P2 is equal to S1/d2.
  • d2 D1 and have values that do not exceed about 1.70 (or about 170%).
  • S2 is the center to center spacing of the coiled coil filament
  • BL is the body length of the coiled coil (or secondary) filament.
  • the secondary pitch of the filament is in the range of from about 1.40 to about 1.60.
  • the present method comprises the steps of (1) providing a strand of fibrous filament wire 19 having a particular length L and a diameter d (for a particular wattage, voltage and efficiency) and (2) winding filament wire 19 around a primary mandrel 30 having a diameter of M1 to produce a primary coil 20A.
  • the method of the present invention further includes the step (3) of winding the primary coil 20A around a secondary mandrel 40 having a secondary mandrel diameter of M2 to produce a coiled coil filament configuration, where B ⁇ A.
  • B can range from about 3.0 to about 10.0 (when A satisfies the equation 1.40 ⁇ A ⁇ 3.0) and when the primary pitch is decreased so that the inner pitch (IP) satisfies the condition 1.08 ⁇ IP ⁇ 1.35, and where: and where the winding is further improved by decreasing the primary pitch PP from about 55% to as low as about 125%, and by selecting the value of B such that IP is kept as close as possible to the center of the range given by the equation 1.08 ⁇ IP ⁇ 1.35.
  • the method of the present invention further includes the step (4) of removing substantially all of the core of the coiled coil filament 20 except for the core in legs 21.
  • the core in legs 21 is preferably left intact in order to preserve the structural integrity of filament 20 when it is mounted within the envelope and crimped or attached by the legs to a mounting means.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the outer diameter D2 of the filament winding illustrated in Figure 5, wherein the primary mandrel diameter M1 is greater than the diameter of filament wire 19 and the secondary mandrel diameter M2 is greater than the diameter of the primary filament coil 20A.
  • the most preferred coil configuration is centered in the bulb (CCB configuration) to equalize bulb wall temperature. At the higher wattages, this allows bulb wall loading to be minimized. At the lower wattages, this allows the minimum bulb wall temperature (required for operation of the tungsten halogen cycle) to be achieved without cold spots.
  • Centering the coil in the bulb is also important for filaments focussed in reflectors since this equalizes the light distribution about the central axis of the reflector.
  • the resulting body length is about 14 mm.
  • Improved windings # 1, 2, and 3 represent length reductions of about 39%, 57% and 67% respectively, compared to the sample filament.
  • filaments designed to operate at line voltage such as 120 or 130 volts also require starting with a long filament wire.
  • the improved method for reducing focus loss and improving collection efficiency will provide for winding a filament wire into a compact coil which is especially useful for these applications and can lead to enhanced operation at high voltages since typical winding techniques has led to extremely long filaments requiring larger envelopes, more complex mounting arrangements and a greater dispersion of light.
  • the aforementioned filament design can also lead to operation without voltage reducing or recitfying means (e.g., a diode) which eliminates the modulation of the light and power fluctuations that result from the use of such rectifying means. Elimination of the rectifying means is particularly important in the 225 to 245 volt range since the small filament mass leads to greater thermal fluctuations and useful where small reflector lamp designs are sought due to the heat generated by the lamp capsule that the rectifier is exposed to.
  • voltage reducing or recitfying means e.g., a diode

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EP87118491A 1986-12-16 1987-12-14 Kompakte Doppelglühwendel mit Anwendung der Steigung für Biegungskontrolle Expired - Lifetime EP0271859B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94233286A 1986-12-16 1986-12-16
US942332 1986-12-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0271859A2 true EP0271859A2 (de) 1988-06-22
EP0271859A3 EP0271859A3 (de) 1990-05-09
EP0271859B1 EP0271859B1 (de) 1997-04-02

Family

ID=25477937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87118491A Expired - Lifetime EP0271859B1 (de) 1986-12-16 1987-12-14 Kompakte Doppelglühwendel mit Anwendung der Steigung für Biegungskontrolle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0271859B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3752040T2 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7932665B2 (en) 2008-12-02 2011-04-26 Osram Sylvania Inc. Dual filament lamp for rapid temperature processing

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2034540A (en) * 1934-07-18 1936-03-17 Gen Electric Manufacture of coiled coil or double helical filaments
US2359302A (en) * 1942-06-11 1944-10-03 Tung Sol Lamp Works Inc Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture
US3383539A (en) * 1967-02-06 1968-05-14 Sylvania Electric Prod Projection lamp
GB1147140A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-04-02 Sylvania Electric Prod Incandescent lamp
US4012659A (en) * 1975-12-31 1977-03-15 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of flashing tungsten filament
GB2065966A (en) * 1979-12-19 1981-07-01 Gen Electric Triple-coil incadescent filament
GB2135820A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-05 Gte Prod Corp Electric lamp with high outer-envelope to inner-envelope wall-thickness ratio
FR2550383A1 (fr) * 1983-08-01 1985-02-08 Gen Electric Dispositif d'eclairage par incandescence de haute efficacite
US4499401A (en) * 1983-03-03 1985-02-12 General Electric Company Triple coil incandescent filament
US4686412A (en) * 1986-04-14 1987-08-11 Gte Products Corporation Reflector-type lamp having reduced focus loss

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2034540A (en) * 1934-07-18 1936-03-17 Gen Electric Manufacture of coiled coil or double helical filaments
US2359302A (en) * 1942-06-11 1944-10-03 Tung Sol Lamp Works Inc Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture
US3383539A (en) * 1967-02-06 1968-05-14 Sylvania Electric Prod Projection lamp
GB1147140A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-04-02 Sylvania Electric Prod Incandescent lamp
US4012659A (en) * 1975-12-31 1977-03-15 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method of flashing tungsten filament
GB2065966A (en) * 1979-12-19 1981-07-01 Gen Electric Triple-coil incadescent filament
GB2135820A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-05 Gte Prod Corp Electric lamp with high outer-envelope to inner-envelope wall-thickness ratio
US4499401A (en) * 1983-03-03 1985-02-12 General Electric Company Triple coil incandescent filament
FR2550383A1 (fr) * 1983-08-01 1985-02-08 Gen Electric Dispositif d'eclairage par incandescence de haute efficacite
US4686412A (en) * 1986-04-14 1987-08-11 Gte Products Corporation Reflector-type lamp having reduced focus loss
EP0241911A2 (de) * 1986-04-14 1987-10-21 GTE Products Corporation Lampe vom Reflektortyp mit verringertem Fokalverlust

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3752040D1 (de) 1997-05-07
DE3752040T2 (de) 1997-10-30
EP0271859B1 (de) 1997-04-02
EP0271859A3 (de) 1990-05-09

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