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EP0261395B1 - Tightening device, in particular a vice - Google Patents

Tightening device, in particular a vice Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0261395B1
EP0261395B1 EP87112074A EP87112074A EP0261395B1 EP 0261395 B1 EP0261395 B1 EP 0261395B1 EP 87112074 A EP87112074 A EP 87112074A EP 87112074 A EP87112074 A EP 87112074A EP 0261395 B1 EP0261395 B1 EP 0261395B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parts
another
guide
rail
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87112074A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0261395A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Wallisser
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87112074T priority Critical patent/ATE70488T1/en
Publication of EP0261395A1 publication Critical patent/EP0261395A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0261395B1 publication Critical patent/EP0261395B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00Vices
    • B25B1/24Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways
    • B25B1/2405Construction of the jaws
    • B25B1/2452Construction of the jaws with supplementary jaws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping device, in particular a vice, according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Clamping devices of this type are known in which the clamping jaws are screwed to the carrier elements, the screws themselves not transmitting any clamping forces, but only serve to hold the clamping jaws in an intended position in which the clamping forces are transmitted to the carrier elements. If such jaws are damaged, the jaws can be replaced by unscrewing and screwing them on again. This replacement is relatively cumbersome.
  • Clamping devices have therefore also become known in which at least one of the two clamping jaws fastened parallel to one another on relatively stable support elements (anvil and slide) consists of two parts, namely a base part fastened to the support element and an interchangeably connected to the workpiece detecting replacement part, both parts on the mutually facing sides having a rail guide transversely to the clamping force direction, through which on the one hand there is a sliding in the rail direction of the replacement part relative to the base part and on the other hand a coupling in the clamping force direction between the parts.
  • Such a clamping device is known from FR-A 654 179, in which the replacement part is provided on its side facing the base part with a T-shaped groove into which the base of the base part, which has a corresponding T-shaped cross section, can be inserted with a precise fit.
  • this clamping device has the disadvantage that the manufacture of the carrier and the base part is relatively expensive because of the grooves that can be gripped behind.
  • the handling is cumbersome, since an exact insertion of the replacement part on the base part is required to prevent the two parts from jamming and thus jamming against one another. This difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that due to the design of the The base and the replacement part can only be insufficiently cleaned of the dirt that has entered, such as the chips that occur during workpiece machining.
  • the clamping device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the base and replacement part are simple to manufacture and therefore inexpensive and that contamination of the clamping device is largely avoided or cleaning of the clamping device is considerably simplified.
  • the U-shaped cross section of the base part and the substantially rectangular cross section of the base of the replacement part ensure simple manufacture. It is only necessary to insert a simple, non-engaging groove in the base of the base part, and two pins in one of the two U-leg surfaces of the base part.
  • the pins can advantageously be introduced from the outside of the base part. If the pins are provided on the lower U-leg surface of the base part and, correspondingly, the groove in the foot of the replacement part is provided on its underside, this groove is secured against contamination. This and the simple design of the entire device without hidden niches provide for easy cleaning of the clamping device.
  • Another advantage of the clamping device according to the invention is that the replacement part is easy to install by placing the replacement part on the base part and, guided by this, with the in his foot provided groove is pushed over the pins. This ensures quick and easy replacement of the replacement part.
  • At least one latching device acting in the rail direction is present between the two parts of a clamping jaw, so that the exchangeable part is prevented from slipping out even when the clamping jaw is not arranged horizontally.
  • a ball catch can advantageously be used as the latching device, with a spring-loaded ball which is contained in a cage and protrudes from the rail surface of one part and with a detent recess assigned to this ball in the rail surface of the other part. Since the ball is spring-loaded, a slight pushing apart of the two parts and thus a positive connection is achieved at the same time, and then this locking spring can yield slightly when clamped together.
  • Such a locking ball is advantageously arranged in the part which is connected to the carrier element, so that the outlay for such a device is required only once, regardless of the number of interchangeable parts.
  • the single figure shows a vise with jaws according to the invention in an exploded view.
  • clamping device In the clamping device according to the invention shown in the figure, only the upper part of one of two carrier elements 1 carrying the clamping jaws is shown.
  • the lower part of the clamping device (anvil and slide) and the second support element for the second clamping jaw have been omitted from the illustration.
  • the clamping jaw arranged on the carrier element 1 is formed in two parts with a base part 12 having a U-shaped cross section, which is firmly connected to the carrier element 1 via rivets 13, and an exchange part 14 having a T-shaped cross section. Also shown is a mirror-image arrangement second exchange part 14.
  • the foot 15 of the exchange part 14 has a substantially rectangular cross section and is provided on its lower side surface with a longitudinal groove 18 extending over the entire length of the exchange part 14.
  • the exchange part 14 engages with its foot 15 in the groove 16 formed as a result of the U-shaped cross section of the base part 12 Coupling between the two parts is formed by pins 17, which are arranged on the inside of one leg of the base part 12, and by the longitudinal groove 18 on the side surface of the foot 15, in which the pins 17 engage.
  • a latching device is provided, with a ball catch 19 which engages in a corresponding latching groove 21 in the exchange part 14.
  • the ball catch 19 is designed in the usual way, with a cage and a spring, the ball protruding slightly beyond the base of the groove 16.
  • another device can also serve as the latching device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

A chucking device, in particular a vise having two chuck jaws at least one of which is embodied in two parts in the longitudinal direction. A rail guide is present between the two parts, and one of the parts, serving as a pedestal part is joined to the supporting elements of the chucking device, while the other part can be removed and replaced via the rail guide, and the rail guide simultaneously acts as a means of coupling the two parts in the direction in which the chucking force is applied.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einspannvorrichtung, insbesondere einem Schraubstock, nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Es sind Einspannvorrichtungen dieser Art bekannt, bei denen die Spannbacken an die Trägerelemente geschraubt sind, wobei die Schrauben selbst keine Spannkräfte übertragen, sondern nur dazu dienen, die Spannbacken in einer vorgesehenen Position zu halten, in der die Spannkräfte auf die Trägerelemente übertragen werden. Wenn derartige Spannbacken beschädigt sind, kann durch Abschrauben und Wiederaufschrauben ein Auswechseln der Spannbacken vorgenommen werden. Dieses Auswechseln ist verhältnismäßig umständlich.The invention relates to a clamping device, in particular a vice, according to the preamble of the main claim. Clamping devices of this type are known in which the clamping jaws are screwed to the carrier elements, the screws themselves not transmitting any clamping forces, but only serve to hold the clamping jaws in an intended position in which the clamping forces are transmitted to the carrier elements. If such jaws are damaged, the jaws can be replaced by unscrewing and screwing them on again. This replacement is relatively cumbersome.

Es ist außerdem bekannt, für das Einspannen von speziellen Werkstücken Winkel über die Spannbacken zu hängen, an denen entsprechende Kerben oder Ausnehmungen zur besseren Halterung des Werkstückes vorhanden sind. Diese Winkel wiederum sind labil angeordnet, so daß beim Einspannvorgang oder beim Öffnen der Einspannvorrichtung ein Herabrutschen der Winkel von der jeweiligen Spannbacke vorkommt.It is also known to hang angles for the clamping of special workpieces over the clamping jaws, on which corresponding notches or recesses are provided for better holding of the workpiece. These angles are in turn arranged unstable, so that when the clamping process or when opening the clamping device, the angle slides down from the respective clamping jaw.

Es sind daher auch Einspannvorrichtungen bekannt geworden, bei denen von den zwei parallel zueinander an relativ zueinander beweglichen stabilen Trägerelementen (Amboß und Schlitten) befestigten Spannbacken mindestens eine aus zwei Teilen besteht, nämlich einem am Trägerelement befestigten Sockelteil und einem auswechselbar mit diesem verbundenen, das Werkstück erfassenden Austauschteil, wobei beide Teile auf den einander zugewandten Seiten eine Schienenführung quer zur Spannkraftrichtung aufweisen, durch die einerseits ein in Schienenrichtung verlaufendes Verschieben des Austauschteils relativ zum Sockelteil und andererseits eine Koppelung in Spannkraftrichtung zwischen den Teilen gegeben ist. Aus der FR-A 654 179 ist eine solche Einspannvorrichtung bekannt, bei welcher das Austauschteil auf seiner dem Sockelteil zugewandten Seiten mit einer T-förmigen Nut versehen ist, in welche der einen entsprechenden T-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisende Fuß des Sockelteils paßgenau einführbar ist. Diese Einspannvorrichtung hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß die Herstellung des Träger- und des Sockelteils wegen der zu fertigenden hintergreifbaren Nuten verhältnismäßig teuer ist. Darüber hinaus ist die Handhabung umständlich, da eine exakte Einführung des Austauschteils auf das Sockelteil erforderlich ist, um ein Verkanten und damit Verklemmen der beiden Teile gegeneinander zu verhindern. Diese Schwierigkeit wird noch dadurch vergrößert, daß aufgrund der Ausgestaltung des Sockel- und des Austauschteils die Reinigung derselben von eingetragenem Schmutz, wie bei der Werkstückbearbeitung anfallende Späne, nur unzureichend möglich ist.Clamping devices have therefore also become known in which at least one of the two clamping jaws fastened parallel to one another on relatively stable support elements (anvil and slide) consists of two parts, namely a base part fastened to the support element and an interchangeably connected to the workpiece detecting replacement part, both parts on the mutually facing sides having a rail guide transversely to the clamping force direction, through which on the one hand there is a sliding in the rail direction of the replacement part relative to the base part and on the other hand a coupling in the clamping force direction between the parts. Such a clamping device is known from FR-A 654 179, in which the replacement part is provided on its side facing the base part with a T-shaped groove into which the base of the base part, which has a corresponding T-shaped cross section, can be inserted with a precise fit. However, this clamping device has the disadvantage that the manufacture of the carrier and the base part is relatively expensive because of the grooves that can be gripped behind. In addition, the handling is cumbersome, since an exact insertion of the replacement part on the base part is required to prevent the two parts from jamming and thus jamming against one another. This difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that due to the design of the The base and the replacement part can only be insufficiently cleaned of the dirt that has entered, such as the chips that occur during workpiece machining.

Die erfindungsgemäße Einspannvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß Sockel- und Austauschteil einfach in der Herstellung und damit kostengünstig sind und daß ein Verschmutzen der Einspannvorrichtung weitgehend vermieden bzw. das Reinigen der Einspannvorrichtung erheblich vereinfacht wird. Durch den U-förmigen Querschnitt des Sockelteils und den im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt des Fußes des Austauschteils ist eine einfache Herstellung gewährleistet. Es muß lediglich in den Fuß des Sockelteils noch eine einfache, nicht hintergreifbare Nut eingebracht werden, sowie zwei Stifte in eine der beiden U-Schenkelflächen des Sockelteils. Das Einbringen der Stifte kann dabei vorteilhafterweise von der Außenseite des Sockelteils her erfolgen. Werden die Stifte auf der unteren U-Schenkelfläche des Sockelteils und entsprechend die Nut im Fuß des Austauschteils auf dessen Unterseite vorgesehen, so ist diese Nut gegen Verschmutzung gesichert. Dadurch und durch die einfache Ausgestaltung der gesamten Vorrichtung ohne versteckte Nischen ist eine einfache Reinigung der Einspannvorrichtung gegeben.The clamping device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the base and replacement part are simple to manufacture and therefore inexpensive and that contamination of the clamping device is largely avoided or cleaning of the clamping device is considerably simplified. The U-shaped cross section of the base part and the substantially rectangular cross section of the base of the replacement part ensure simple manufacture. It is only necessary to insert a simple, non-engaging groove in the base of the base part, and two pins in one of the two U-leg surfaces of the base part. The pins can advantageously be introduced from the outside of the base part. If the pins are provided on the lower U-leg surface of the base part and, correspondingly, the groove in the foot of the replacement part is provided on its underside, this groove is secured against contamination. This and the simple design of the entire device without hidden niches provide for easy cleaning of the clamping device.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Einspannvorrichtung besteht darin, daß das Austauschteil leicht zu installieren ist, indem das Austauschteil auf das Sockelteil aufgesetzt und, von diesem geführt, mit der in seinem Fuß vorgesehenen Nut über die Stifte geschoben wird. Hierdurch ist ein schnelles und problemloses Auswechseln des Austauschteils gewährleistet.Another advantage of the clamping device according to the invention is that the replacement part is easy to install by placing the replacement part on the base part and, guided by this, with the in his foot provided groove is pushed over the pins. This ensures quick and easy replacement of the replacement part.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist zwischen den beiden Teilen einer Spannbacke mindestens eine in Schienenrichtung wirkende Einrastvorrichtung vorhanden, so daß auch bei nichthorizontaler Anordnung der Spannbacke ein Herausrutschen des auswechselbaren Teiles verhindert wird. Als Einrastvorrichtung kann vorteilhafterweise ein Kugelschnapper dienen, mit einer in einem Käfig gefassten, federbelasteten und aus der Schienenfläche des einen Teils herausragenden Kugel und mit einer dieser Kugel zugeordneten Rastausnehmung in der Schienenfläche des anderen Teils. Da die Kugel federbelastet ist, wird gleichzeitig ein leichtes Auseinanderdrücken der beiden Teile und damit ein Formschluß erzielt, wobei dann beim Zusammenspannen diese Rastfeder entsprechend leicht nachgeben kann. Eine solche Rastkugel ist vorteilhafterweise in dem Teil angeordnet, der mit dem Trägerelement verbunden ist, so daß der Aufwand für eine solche Einrichtung unabhängig von der Zahl der auswechselbaren Teile nur einmal erforderlich ist.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one latching device acting in the rail direction is present between the two parts of a clamping jaw, so that the exchangeable part is prevented from slipping out even when the clamping jaw is not arranged horizontally. A ball catch can advantageously be used as the latching device, with a spring-loaded ball which is contained in a cage and protrudes from the rail surface of one part and with a detent recess assigned to this ball in the rail surface of the other part. Since the ball is spring-loaded, a slight pushing apart of the two parts and thus a positive connection is achieved at the same time, and then this locking spring can yield slightly when clamped together. Such a locking ball is advantageously arranged in the part which is connected to the carrier element, so that the outlay for such a device is required only once, regardless of the number of interchangeable parts.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Ansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the following description, the drawing and the claims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the object of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Schraubstock mit erfindungsgemäßen Spannbacken in Explosionsdarstellung.The single figure shows a vise with jaws according to the invention in an exploded view.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Bei der in der Figur dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Einspannvorrichtung ist nur der obere Teil eines von zwei die Spannbacken tragenden Trägerelementen 1 dargestellt. Der untere Teil der Einspannvorrichtung (Amboß und Schlitten) sowie das zweite Trägerelement für die zweite Spannbacke wurden bei der Darstellung weggelassen. Die auf dem Trägerelement 1 angeordnete Spannbacke ist zweiteilig ausgebildet mit einem einen U-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Sockelteil 12, welches über Nieten 13 fest mit dem Trägerelement 1 verbunden ist, und einem einen T-förmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Austauschteil 14. Ebenfalls dargestellt ist ein spiegelbildlich angeordnetes zweites Austauschteil 14.In the clamping device according to the invention shown in the figure, only the upper part of one of two carrier elements 1 carrying the clamping jaws is shown. The lower part of the clamping device (anvil and slide) and the second support element for the second clamping jaw have been omitted from the illustration. The clamping jaw arranged on the carrier element 1 is formed in two parts with a base part 12 having a U-shaped cross section, which is firmly connected to the carrier element 1 via rivets 13, and an exchange part 14 having a T-shaped cross section. Also shown is a mirror-image arrangement second exchange part 14.

Der Fuß 15 des Austauschteils 14 weist im wesentlichen einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf und ist an seiner unteren Seitenfläche mit einer über die gesamte Länge des Austauschteils 14 verlaufenden Längsnut 18 versehen. Das Austauschteil 14 greift mit seinem Fuß 15 in die infolge des U-förmigen Querschnitts des Sockelteils 12 gebildete Nut 16. Die Koppelung zwischen den beiden Teilen wird durch Zapfen 17, welche auf der Innenseite des einen Schenkels des Sockelteils 12 angeordnet sind, und durch die Längsnut 18 an der Seitenfläche des Fußes 15 gebildet, in welche die Zapfen 17 eingreifen.The foot 15 of the exchange part 14 has a substantially rectangular cross section and is provided on its lower side surface with a longitudinal groove 18 extending over the entire length of the exchange part 14. The exchange part 14 engages with its foot 15 in the groove 16 formed as a result of the U-shaped cross section of the base part 12 Coupling between the two parts is formed by pins 17, which are arranged on the inside of one leg of the base part 12, and by the longitudinal groove 18 on the side surface of the foot 15, in which the pins 17 engage.

Um ein seitliches Herausfallen des Austauschteils 14 gegenüber dem Sockelteil 12 zu unterbinden, ist eine Einrastvorrichtung vorgesehen, mit einem Kugelschnapper 19, der in eine entsprechende Rastnut 21 des Austauschteils 14 greift. Der Kugelschnapper 19 ist in üblicher Art ausgebildet, mit einem Käfig und einer Feder, wobei die Kugel etwas über die Grundfläche der Nut 16 herausragt. Natürlich kann als Einrastvorrichtung auch eine andere Vorrichtung dienen.In order to prevent the exchange part 14 from falling out laterally relative to the base part 12, a latching device is provided, with a ball catch 19 which engages in a corresponding latching groove 21 in the exchange part 14. The ball catch 19 is designed in the usual way, with a cage and a spring, the ball protruding slightly beyond the base of the groove 16. Of course, another device can also serve as the latching device.

Claims (3)

  1. A holding device, in particular a vice, with two fixed chuck jaws lying parallel to one another, mounted on movable, stable carriers capable of being moved relative to one another (anvil and trolley), of which at least one consists of two parts (12, 14), one base (12) mounted on a carrier (1) and one connected interchangeably with this exchange part (14) holding the tool, in which both parts display a guide-rail cross-ways to the direction of tension on the sides facing towards one another, by means of which on the one hand a displacement (II) of the exchange part (14) relative to the base (12) is possible and on the other hand a coupling in the direction of tension is possible between the parts, whereby one part (12) of the chuck jaw displays a U-shaped cross-cut (16) into which the foot (15) of another part (14) with a T-shaped cross-cut projects, characterised by the fact that for coupling both parts in the direction of tension pins (17) are present on at least one of the inner surfaces of the arms of the U, which grip in a groove (18) running without interruption over the entire length of the other part (14) on the outer surface of the foot (15) belonging to this surface.
  2. A holding device on the lines of Claim 1, characterised by the fact that, between the two parts (12) and (14) of one chuck jaw at least one holding notch (19, 21) operating in the direction of the guide-rail is present.
  3. A holding device on the lines of Claim 2, characterised by the fact that a ball-catch (19) serves to engage in a holding notch, together with a spring-loaded ball held in a cage and projecting out of the guide-rail of the corresponding part (12), and together with an extractor (21) corresponding to this ball in the guide surface of the other part (14).
EP87112074A 1986-09-24 1987-08-20 Tightening device, in particular a vice Expired - Lifetime EP0261395B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87112074T ATE70488T1 (en) 1986-09-24 1987-08-20 CLAMPING DEVICE PARTICULARLY VICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3632496 1986-09-24
DE3632496 1986-09-24
DE3709566 1987-03-24
DE19873709566 DE3709566A1 (en) 1986-09-24 1987-03-24 CLAMPING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR VICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0261395A1 EP0261395A1 (en) 1988-03-30
EP0261395B1 true EP0261395B1 (en) 1991-12-18

Family

ID=25847800

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87112074A Expired - Lifetime EP0261395B1 (en) 1986-09-24 1987-08-20 Tightening device, in particular a vice

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4798371A (en)
EP (1) EP0261395B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE70488T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3709566A1 (en)

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US6170813B1 (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-01-09 Jerald A. Bowers Vise with adjustable jaw inserts
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US8540225B2 (en) * 2011-04-08 2013-09-24 Bellatex Industries, Llc Quick change vise jaw system
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CN102990540B (en) * 2011-09-19 2015-08-19 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Fixture
DE202012005345U1 (en) 2012-05-25 2012-06-25 GEMÜ Gebr. Müller Apparatebau GmbH & Co. KG chuck
DE102012104660B4 (en) * 2012-05-30 2014-06-26 Holger Krüger Gripper jaw assembly
EP2767368B1 (en) 2013-02-15 2016-02-10 The Stanley Works Israel Ltd. Work bench including a vise
EP2767369B1 (en) 2013-02-15 2016-04-20 The Stanley Works Israel Ltd. Work bench frame
US20140284862A1 (en) * 2013-03-25 2014-09-25 John Bettencourt Jaws and adapter assembly for a machining system
US9656395B2 (en) * 2013-04-29 2017-05-23 Versabuilt, Inc. System and method for storing and processing a variety of part shapes using robotic tending
US9630299B1 (en) 2013-11-26 2017-04-25 Lien Master Jaw, LLC Master jaw assembly
US20150327935A1 (en) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-19 University Of Dundee Medical Equipment Support System
US9478929B2 (en) 2014-06-23 2016-10-25 Ken Smith Light bulb receptacles and light bulb sockets
US10960458B2 (en) 2014-07-09 2021-03-30 The Boeing Company Mobile platforms for performing operations inside a fuselage assembly
US9821445B2 (en) * 2015-02-16 2017-11-21 Chuan Mao Huang Removal device for belt pulley
US10384331B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2019-08-20 Te-Co Manufacturing Llc Vise with axial adjustment and modular jaws
DE202019100196U1 (en) * 2019-01-15 2020-04-16 Berg & Co. Gmbh Clamping device for a sleeve-shaped workpiece
CN111730522A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-10-02 福州大学 A fixture fixing device for machine manufacturing and method of using the same
FR3114382B1 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-11-25 Air Liquide Apparatus for air separation by cryogenic distillation with three columns including two concentric columns
US11660728B2 (en) 2021-08-09 2023-05-30 Snap-On Incorporated Modular vise

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE70488T1 (en) 1992-01-15
DE3775315D1 (en) 1992-01-30
US4798371A (en) 1989-01-17
DE3709566A1 (en) 1988-04-07
EP0261395A1 (en) 1988-03-30

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