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EP0167435B1 - Seat - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0167435B1
EP0167435B1 EP85401104A EP85401104A EP0167435B1 EP 0167435 B1 EP0167435 B1 EP 0167435B1 EP 85401104 A EP85401104 A EP 85401104A EP 85401104 A EP85401104 A EP 85401104A EP 0167435 B1 EP0167435 B1 EP 0167435B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seating face
angle
seat
parts
face portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85401104A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0167435A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Rabischong
Jean Pierre Bel
Pierre Vogel
Albert Palanque
Jean Putscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Palanque Albert
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85401104T priority Critical patent/ATE55682T1/en
Publication of EP0167435A1 publication Critical patent/EP0167435A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0167435B1 publication Critical patent/EP0167435B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/029—Seat parts of non-adjustable shape adapted to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/14—Seat parts of adjustable shape; elastically mounted ; adaptable to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions
    • A47C7/144—Seat parts of adjustable shape; elastically mounted ; adaptable to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions with array of movable supports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new seat of the type comprising a seat part supported by feet and a backrest.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a seat which makes it possible to ensure better grip of the spine and consequently to reduce back and back pain.
  • the posterior curve pushes back the column in lordosis without avoiding the specific supports. If the user tries to reach the file with the sacrum, it accentuates the lordosis.
  • the supports of the body being made by the ischial tuberosities on the horizontal part of the seat and by a point of the dorsal column on the vertical part, the lumbar column does not have direct support.
  • the ACKERMANN patent describes a seat the seat part of which consists of several parts, at least three (14, 14a, 14b, 15), the planes of which form angles intended to position the lower limbs, the pelvis and the spine. If Figures 1 to 10 show a good understanding of the problem, the recommended solution actually results in a molding of the soft parts against a rounded relief in the form of an arch 23, which does not allow a corrective effect on the curvatures of the column vertebral. On the contrary, the different planes (14b, 15, 18) force the ischial tuberosities to descend into a "hole” or “hollow” (see Figure 11), which prevents tilting back (see the dotted lines in Figure 8) .
  • the GIROFLEX patent is a tilting chair whose backrest can be tilted so that the spine is applied to it by the weight of the body.
  • the part forming the seat 4 is in a single part, including a single plane.
  • the front part 6 is only used for the legs.
  • the seat / backrest angle is fixed at 90 ° C.
  • An X-ray photograph shows a close parallelism between the backrest and the spine proving that the lumbar spine has direct support.
  • the seat according to the invention is of the type comprising a seat part supported by feet and a backrest and the seat part of which consists of two parts whose planes form angles between them intended to position the femurs, the pelvis and the spine, the seat part has only two support planes, the first part is a substantially horizontal plane and the second part is directly connected to the backrest, characterized by the fact
  • this second part 4b is flat in plane inclined in a downward slope only intended for the spine and forms with the backrest, at its corresponding end, an acute angle (a) which is the lowest point at the low end of the backrest and that said seat part forms, with its first part, intended only for the femurs, and its second part, intended only for the spine, a first dihedral angle with an upper apex and a second dihedral angle with a lower apex, formed by the intersection of said second part and the backrest, and that the part connected to the backrest is slightly longer than the other part of the seat, and that the two parts of the seat form between them, on the concave side, an angle ( ⁇ ) of the order of 150 °.
  • the coxal bone pivots around the femoral heads, causing the pelvis to tilt, down, forward, up, back.
  • the pelvis carries with it the fifth lumbar vertebra through the ilio-lumbar ligaments to thus determine a new direction of the vertebral axis up and back in order to erase the lumbar lordosis.
  • Such a seat keeps the spine in an ideal position, that is to say that the spine is parallel to the backrest, so the lumbar spine has direct support.
  • the seat can be produced in several pieces: the seat can comprise, at the level of the seat, means for adjusting the length of the first part and the length of the second part inclined downwards and forming, with the backrest, an acute angle.
  • the seat 11 has a curved shape.
  • this seat 11 called “curved” the opposite of what to do, that is to say that the back 12 of the seat 11 was molded on the shape of the spine 13.
  • the posterior curve 14 pushes back the vertebral column 13 in lordosis without avoiding the point supports. If the user tries to reach the file 12 with the sacrum 7, the lordosis is accentuated.
  • the seat according to the invention highlights the fact that the sacrum 7 comes into contact with the seat 4 and the rear wall of the backrest 5.
  • the ischial tuberosities undergo forces perpendicular to the seat 4 and can no longer slide forward.
  • the seat according to the invention shown in Figures 3,4 and 5 comprises two front legs 1 and two rear legs 2, said four feet being connected by spacers 3 to give the frame thus formed a certain rigidity.
  • the front legs 1 support a seat 4, while the upper ends of the rear legs are connected to the backrest 5.
  • the seat 4 and the back 5 are, in the embodiment, shown in FIG. 4, in a single rigid piece and said seat 4 has a horizontal part 4a which is extended by an inclined part 4b, these two parts forming between are on the concave side an angle P of the order of 150 °.
  • the free end of the part 4b is directly connected to the backrest 5 and the dorsal face of the latter forms, with a vertical plane, an angle y of the order of 15 °.
  • a headrest 6 adjustable in height.
  • the part 4a can have a length of 20 cm, the part 4b having a length of the order of 23 cm.
  • Such a seat also finds an interesting application for ensuring relaxation and rest during prolonged sitting positions, in particular in transport, at shows, etc.; it can also be used for people with disabilities.
  • the seat according to the invention comprises adjustment means, not shown in the figure, of the length of the first part 4a and of the length of the second part 4b of the seat 4.
  • These means can be sliding tubes, slides, etc.
  • These length adjusting means are associated with common locking means which fix the sliding tubes to the chosen length.
  • Other adjustment means 15 can make it possible to vary and choose the angle (3 formed by the two parts 4a, 4b of the seat 4 between them.
  • Other adjustment means 16 can make it possible to vary and choose the angle a formed by the backrest 5 and the second part 4b inclined downwards from the seat 4.
  • adjustment means 16 may be ball joints or half shells which pivot around the axes of rotation. Locking means such as nuts or butterflies maintain the angle in the chosen position.
  • the cervical lordosis is also reduced and the presence of a possible headrest ensures alignment of the occiput, scapulum and sacrum.
  • the enormous advantage of the orthopedic chair according to the invention is due to the normalization of the spinal posture in a sitting position, which constitutes the essential condition, in particular in children, for the prevention of deformations of the spine.
  • spinal stabilization the purpose of which is to keep the spine in good position, is based on the use of complex muscles, made up of several layers: short intersegmental muscles in depth and long multisegmental muscles in area. These muscular actions are regulated automatically and maintained by the tensions generated by the mechanical stretching of the muscles. Any support of the spine therefore has the effect of largely relaxing these muscular actions. If this support is punctual, muscle relaxation leads, in the underlying area, capsulo-ligamentary distensions generating discomfort.
  • the seat according to the invention is perfectly indicated for prolonged sitting and for the prevention of vicious postural generative attitudes, in particular in adults. child, spinal deformities.

Landscapes

  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Special Chairs (AREA)

Abstract

1. A chair comprising a seating face portion supported on legs and a back, wherein the seating face portion consists of two parts the planes of which define between them an angle for positioning the thighs, the pelvis and the vertebral column, the seating face portion comprising only two supporting planes (4a, 4b), with the first part (4a) being a substantially horizontal plane and the second part (4b) being directly connected to the back (5) of the chair, characterized in that the second part (4b) is flat and inclined downwardly towards the back in view of the vertebral column, and defines an acute angle (alpha) with said back at its corresponding end, which end is the lowermost point of said back (5), that the seating face portion - due to its second part (4b) intersecting with the back (5) - with its first part (4a), exclusively intended for the thighs, and with its second part (4b), exclusively intended for the vertebral column, forms a first V-shaped angle having an upper summit and a second V-shaped angle having a lower summit, in that the part (4b) connected to the back (5) is slightly longer than the other part (4a) of the seating face (4), and in that the two parts (4a, 4b) of the seating face (4), at the concave side, form an angle (beta) in the order of 150 degrees.

Description

La présente invention concerne un nouveau siège du type comprenant une partie d'assise supportée par des pieds et un dossier.The present invention relates to a new seat of the type comprising a seat part supported by feet and a backrest.

L'un des buts de la présente invention est de réaliser un siège qui permet d'assurer une meilleure tenue de la colonne vertébrale et par conséquent d'atténuer les douleurs dorso-lombaires.One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a seat which makes it possible to ensure better grip of the spine and consequently to reduce back and back pain.

Il existe un grand nombre de sièges qui ont été décrits et qui tentent d'assurer une meilleure tenue de la colonne vertébrale.There are a large number of seats which have been described and which try to ensure a better grip of the spine.

Les sièges dont le dossier forme un angle quasi perpendiculaire avec l'assise ne permettent pas au sacrum d'atteindre le dossier, il en résulte une obliquité du rachis entraînant:

  • des appuis ponctuels
  • une cyphose
The seats whose back forms an almost perpendicular angle with the seat do not allow the sacrum to reach the back, this results in an obliquity of the spine causing:
  • ad hoc support
  • kyphosis

un contact tangentiel des tubérosités ischiatiques sur l'assise provoquant le glissement en avant.a tangential contact of the ischial tuberosities on the seat causing the sliding forward.

De manière à éviter ces inconvénients, des sièges dits sièges galbés ont été inventés.In order to avoid these drawbacks, so-called curved seats have been invented.

Le galbe postérieur repousse la colonne en lordose sans éviter les appuis ponctuels. Si l'utilisateur tente d'atteindre le dossier avec le sacrum, il accentue la lordose.The posterior curve pushes back the column in lordosis without avoiding the specific supports. If the user tries to reach the file with the sacrum, it accentuates the lordosis.

Au lieu de mouler un siège sur la colonne vertébrale pour la soutenir, il faut mouler la colonne sur un siège dont le profil la maintient en position. C'est le but du siège selon l'invention.Instead of casting a seat on the spine to support it, it is necessary to mold the column on a seat whose profile keeps it in position. This is the purpose of the seat according to the invention.

1. Siège selon l'état de la technique:1. Seat according to the state of the art:

Les appuis du corps se faisant par les tubérosités ischiatiques sur la partie horizontale du siège et par un point de la colonne dorsale sur la partie verticale, la colonne lombaire ne dispose pas d'appui direct.The supports of the body being made by the ischial tuberosities on the horizontal part of the seat and by a point of the dorsal column on the vertical part, the lumbar column does not have direct support.

On voit donc disparaître la lordose physiologique et s'installer une tendance cyphotique aggravée par le fait que les tubérosités ischiatiques, subissant des forces tangentielles à la paroi horizontale, ont tendance à glisser en avant.We therefore see the disappearance of physiological lordosis and a cyphotic tendency which is aggravated by the fact that the ischial tuberosities, undergoing forces tangential to the horizontal wall, tend to slide forward.

L'état de la technique peut être défini par le brevet DE-A-3.138.123 (ACKERMANN) et le brevet FR-A-2.072.977 (GIROFLEX).The state of the art can be defined by patent DE-A-3,138,123 (ACKERMANN) and patent FR-A-2,072,977 (GIROFLEX).

Le brevet ACKERMANN décrit un siège dont la partie d'assise est constituée de plusieurs parties, au moins trois (14, 14a, 14b, 15), dont les plans forment entre eux des angles destinés à positionner les membres inférieurs, le bassin et le rachis. Si les figures 1 à 10 montrent une bonne connaissance du problème, la solution préconisée aboutit en fait à un moulage des parties molles contre un relief arrondi en forme d'arceau 23, ce qui ne permet pas un effet correcteur sur les courbures de la colonne vertébrale. Au contraire, les différents plans (14b, 15, 18) obligent les tubérosités ischiatiques à descendre dans un "trou" ou "creux" (voir la figure 11), qui empêche le basculement en arrière (voir les pointillés de la figure 8).The ACKERMANN patent describes a seat the seat part of which consists of several parts, at least three (14, 14a, 14b, 15), the planes of which form angles intended to position the lower limbs, the pelvis and the spine. If Figures 1 to 10 show a good understanding of the problem, the recommended solution actually results in a molding of the soft parts against a rounded relief in the form of an arch 23, which does not allow a corrective effect on the curvatures of the column vertebral. On the contrary, the different planes (14b, 15, 18) force the ischial tuberosities to descend into a "hole" or "hollow" (see Figure 11), which prevents tilting back (see the dotted lines in Figure 8) .

Le brevet GIROFLEX est une chaise basculante dont on peut incliner le dossier pour que le rachis s'y trouve appliqué par le poids du corps. La partie formant l'assise 4 est en une seule partie, dont un seul plan. La partie antérieure 6 ne sert que pour les jambes. L'angle assise/dossier est fixe à 90°C.The GIROFLEX patent is a tilting chair whose backrest can be tilted so that the spine is applied to it by the weight of the body. The part forming the seat 4 is in a single part, including a single plane. The front part 6 is only used for the legs. The seat / backrest angle is fixed at 90 ° C.

2. Siège selon l'invention:2. Seat according to the invention:

Un cliché radiographique montre un parallélisme étroit entre le dossier et la colonne vertébrale prouvant que la colonne lombaire dispose d'un appui direct.An X-ray photograph shows a close parallelism between the backrest and the spine proving that the lumbar spine has direct support.

La lordose physiologique s'efface mais le dossier empêche la cyphose de s'installer et les tubérosités ischiatiques subissent des forces qui se heurtent perpendiculairement à la contre pente de la partie horizontale du siège, ce qui les empêche de glisser en avant et ce qui bloque le bassin en bonne position. Il va de soi que cette stabilité du socle pelvien impose une excellente tenue du rachis.The physiological lordosis disappears but the backrest prevents the kyphosis from settling and the ischial tuberosities undergo forces which collide perpendicular to the counter slope of the horizontal part of the seat, which prevents them from sliding forward and which blocks the pelvis in good position. It goes without saying that this stability of the pelvic base imposes an excellent holding of the spine.

Le siège, selon l'invention, est du type comprenant une partie d'assise supportée par des pieds et un dossier et dont la partie d'assise est constituée de deux parties dont les plans forment entre eux des angles destinés à positionner les fémurs, le bassin et le rachis, la partie d'assise ne présente que deux plans d'appui, la première partie est un plan sensiblement horizontal et la seconde partie est directement raccordée au dossier, caractérisé par le faitThe seat according to the invention is of the type comprising a seat part supported by feet and a backrest and the seat part of which consists of two parts whose planes form angles between them intended to position the femurs, the pelvis and the spine, the seat part has only two support planes, the first part is a substantially horizontal plane and the second part is directly connected to the backrest, characterized by the fact

que cette seconde partie 4b est plane en plan incliné en contrepente vers le bas uniquement destiné au rachis et forme avec le dossier, à son extrémité correspondante, un angle aigu (a) qui est le point le plus bas à l'extrémité basse du dossier et que ladite partie d'assise forme, avec sa première partie, uniquement destinée pour les fémurs, et sa seconde partie, destinée uniquement pour le rachis, un premier angle dièdre à sommet supérieur et un deuxième angle dièdre à sommet inférieur, formés par l'intersection de ladite seconde partie et du dossier, et que la partie raccordée au dossier est légèrement plus longue que l'autre partie de l'assise, et que les deux parties de l'assise forment entre elles, du côté concave, un angle (β) de l'ordre de 150°.that this second part 4b is flat in plane inclined in a downward slope only intended for the spine and forms with the backrest, at its corresponding end, an acute angle (a) which is the lowest point at the low end of the backrest and that said seat part forms, with its first part, intended only for the femurs, and its second part, intended only for the spine, a first dihedral angle with an upper apex and a second dihedral angle with a lower apex, formed by the intersection of said second part and the backrest, and that the part connected to the backrest is slightly longer than the other part of the seat, and that the two parts of the seat form between them, on the concave side, an angle (β) of the order of 150 °.

Grâce à une telle structure, l'os coxal pivote autour des têtes fémorales en provoquant la bascule du bassin, bas, vers l'avant, haut, vers l'arrière. Le bassin entraîne avec lui la cinquième vertèbre lombaire par l'intermédiaire des ligaments ilio-lombaires pour déterminer ainsi une nouvelle direction de l'axe vertébral en haut et en arrière afin d'effacer la lordose lombaire.Thanks to such a structure, the coxal bone pivots around the femoral heads, causing the pelvis to tilt, down, forward, up, back. The pelvis carries with it the fifth lumbar vertebra through the ilio-lumbar ligaments to thus determine a new direction of the vertebral axis up and back in order to erase the lumbar lordosis.

Un tel siège maintient la colonne vertébrale dans une position idéale, c'est-à-dire que la colonne vertébrale est parallèle au dossier, donc la colonne lombaire dispose d'un appui direct.Such a seat keeps the spine in an ideal position, that is to say that the spine is parallel to the backrest, so the lumbar spine has direct support.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le siège peut être réalisé en plusieurs pièces: le siège peut comporter au niveau de l'assise des moyens de réglage de la longueur de la première partie et de la longueur de la seconde partie inclinée vers le bas et formant, avec le dossier, un angle aigu.According to another embodiment, the seat can be produced in several pieces: the seat can comprise, at the level of the seat, means for adjusting the length of the first part and the length of the second part inclined downwards and forming, with the backrest, an acute angle.

D'autres moyens de réglage peuvent permettre de faire varier et de choisir l'angle formé par les deux parties de l'assise entre elles.Other adjustment means can make it possible to vary and choose the angle formed by the two parts of the seat between them.

D'autres moyens de réglage peuvent permettre de faire varier et choisir l'angle formé par le dossier et la seconde partie inclinée vers le bas de l'assise.Other adjustment means can make it possible to vary and choose the angle formed by the backrest and the second part inclined downwards from the seat.

D'autres moyens de réglage peuvent permettre de faire varier et choisir l'angle formé par le dossier et un plan vertical.Other adjustment means can make it possible to vary and choose the angle formed by the backrest and a vertical plane.

Les dessins ci-joints donnés à titre d'exemples permettent de comprendre aisément l'invention, notamment en visualisant les inconvénients des sièges actuels. Ils représentent des modes de réalisation préférés selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un siège courant actuel mettant en évidence son action néfaste sur la colonne vertébrale.
  • La figure 2 est une vue schématique d'un siège courant actuel ayant un profil galbé mettant en évidence son action néfaste sur la colonne vertébrale.
  • La figure 3 est une vue schématique du siège selon l'invention mettant en évidence le fait que la colonne vertébrale est parallèle au dossier, donc que la colonne lombaire dispose d'un appui direct.
  • La figure 4 est une vue schématique vue en élévation du siège selon l'invention.
  • La figure 5 est une vue schématique vue en élévation du siège selon un autre mode de réalisation qui permet de régler à volonté la longueur des deux parties de l'assise et les différents angles a, β, y, du siège.
The attached drawings given by way of example make it easy to understand the invention, in particular by visualizing the drawbacks of current seats. They represent preferred embodiments according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a current seat current highlighting its harmful action on the spine.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a current seat current with a curved profile highlighting its harmful action on the spine.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the seat according to the invention highlighting the fact that the spine is parallel to the backrest, so that the lumbar spine has direct support.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic elevational view of the seat according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view in elevation of the seat according to another embodiment which allows to adjust at will the length of the two parts of the seat and the different angles a, β, y, of the seat.

Le siège représenté à la figure 1 est un siège courant actuel dans lequel l'angle formé par le dossier 8 et l'assise 10 est proche d'un angle droit. Le sacrum 7 n'atteint jamais le dossier 8, il en résulte une obliquité du rachis entraînant:

  • des appuis ponctuels,
  • une cyphose,
  • un contact tangentiel 9 des tubérosités ischiatiques sur l'assise 10 provoquant le glissement vers l'avant (voir la flèche F1).
The seat shown in Figure 1 is a current seat in which the angle formed by the backrest 8 and the seat 10 is close to a right angle. The sacrum 7 never reaches the back 8, it results in an obliquity of the spine causing:
  • ad hoc support,
  • kyphosis,
  • a tangential contact 9 of the ischial tuberosities on the seat 10 causing the sliding forward (see arrow F1).

Dans la figure 2, le siège 11 a une forme galbée. On a réalisé avec ce siège 11 dit "galbé" le contraire de ce qu'il faut faire, c'est-à-dire que le dossier 12 du siège 11 a été moulé sur la forme de la colonne vertébrale 13. Ainsi, le galbe postérieur 14 repousse la colonne vertébrale 13 en lordose sans éviter les appuis ponctuels. Si l'utilisateur tente d'atteindre le dossier 12 avec le sacrum 7, on accentue la lordose.In Figure 2, the seat 11 has a curved shape. We realized with this seat 11 called "curved" the opposite of what to do, that is to say that the back 12 of the seat 11 was molded on the shape of the spine 13. Thus, the posterior curve 14 pushes back the vertebral column 13 in lordosis without avoiding the point supports. If the user tries to reach the file 12 with the sacrum 7, the lordosis is accentuated.

Dans la figure 3, le siège selon l'invention met en évidence le fait que le sacrum 7 rentre en contact avec l'assise 4 et la paroi postérieure du dossier 5.In FIG. 3, the seat according to the invention highlights the fact that the sacrum 7 comes into contact with the seat 4 and the rear wall of the backrest 5.

Ce contact entraîne une verticalisation du bassin et l'effacement de la lordose physiologique, mais le dossier 5, plat et incliné, empêche la cyphose de s'installer, d'où un parallélisme étroit entre la colonne vertébrale 13 et le dossier 5, avec les conséquences anatomophysiologiques décrites par ailleurs.This contact leads to a verticalization of the pelvis and the erasure of the physiological lordosis, but the backrest 5, flat and inclined, prevents the kyphosis from settling, hence a close parallelism between the spine 13 and the backrest 5, with the anatomophysiological consequences described elsewhere.

Les tubérosités ischiatiques subissent des forces perpendiculaires à l'assise 4 et ne peuvent plus glisser en avant.The ischial tuberosities undergo forces perpendicular to the seat 4 and can no longer slide forward.

Il existe donc un orthorachisme.There is therefore an orthorachism.

Le siège, selon l'invention, représenté dans les figures 3,4 et 5 comprend deux pieds antérieurs 1 et deux pieds postérieurs 2, lesdits quatre pieds étant reliés par des entretoises 3 pour donner au bâti ainsi formé une certaine rigidité.The seat according to the invention, shown in Figures 3,4 and 5 comprises two front legs 1 and two rear legs 2, said four feet being connected by spacers 3 to give the frame thus formed a certain rigidity.

Les pieds antérieurs 1 supportent une assise 4, tandis que les extrémités supérieures des pieds postérieurs sont reliées au dossier 5.The front legs 1 support a seat 4, while the upper ends of the rear legs are connected to the backrest 5.

L'assise 4 et le dossier 5 sont, dans le mode de réalisation, représentés à la figure 4, en une seule pièce rigide et ladite assise 4 présente une partie horizontale 4a qui est prolongée par une partie inclinée 4b, ces deux parties formant entre ettes du côté concave un angle P de l'ordre de 150°.The seat 4 and the back 5 are, in the embodiment, shown in FIG. 4, in a single rigid piece and said seat 4 has a horizontal part 4a which is extended by an inclined part 4b, these two parts forming between are on the concave side an angle P of the order of 150 °.

L'extrémité libre de la partie 4b est directement raccordée au dossier 5 et la face dorsale de celui- ci forme, avec un plan vertical, un angle y de l'ordre de 15°.The free end of the part 4b is directly connected to the backrest 5 and the dorsal face of the latter forms, with a vertical plane, an angle y of the order of 15 °.

Il peut être prévu, à l'extrémité supérieure du dossier, un repose tête 6 réglable en hauteur.There can be provided, at the upper end of the backrest, a headrest 6 adjustable in height.

A titre d'exemple, la partie 4a peut avoir une longueur de 20 cm, la partie 4b ayant une longueur de l'ordre de 23 cm.For example, the part 4a can have a length of 20 cm, the part 4b having a length of the order of 23 cm.

Grâce à un tel siège, on peut, dans une large mesure, soulager les douleurs dorso-lombaires. Un tel siège trouve également une application intéressante pour assurer une détente et un repos lors des positions assises prolongées, notamment dans les transports, aux spectacles etc...; il peut également être utilisé pour les personnes handicapées.Thanks to such a seat, one can, to a large extent, relieve back pain. Such a seat also finds an interesting application for ensuring relaxation and rest during prolonged sitting positions, in particular in transport, at shows, etc.; it can also be used for people with disabilities.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 5, le siège, selon l'invention, comporte des moyens de réglage non représentés sur la figure de la longueur de la première partie 4a et de la longueur de la seconde partie 4b de l'assise 4. Ces moyens peuvent être des tubes coulissants, des glissières, etc... Ces moyens de réglage de la longueur sont associés à des moyens de blocage communs qui fixent les tubes coulissants à la longueur choisie.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the seat according to the invention comprises adjustment means, not shown in the figure, of the length of the first part 4a and of the length of the second part 4b of the seat 4. These means can be sliding tubes, slides, etc. These length adjusting means are associated with common locking means which fix the sliding tubes to the chosen length.

D'autres moyens de réglage 15 peuvent permettre de faire varier et de choisir l'angle (3 formé par les deux parties 4a, 4b de l'assise 4 entre elles.Other adjustment means 15 can make it possible to vary and choose the angle (3 formed by the two parts 4a, 4b of the seat 4 between them.

D'autres moyens de réglage 16 peuvent permettre de faire varier et de choisir l'angle a formé par le dossier 5 et la seconde partie 4b inclinée vers le bas de l'assise 4.Other adjustment means 16 can make it possible to vary and choose the angle a formed by the backrest 5 and the second part 4b inclined downwards from the seat 4.

Ces moyens de réglage 16 peuvent être des rotules ou des demicoquilles qui pivotent autour des axes de rotation. Des moyens de blocage tels que des écrous ou des papillons assurent le maintien de l'angle dans la position choisie.These adjustment means 16 may be ball joints or half shells which pivot around the axes of rotation. Locking means such as nuts or butterflies maintain the angle in the chosen position.

Les conséquences anatomo-physiologiques dues à l'utilisation du siège selon l'invention sont les suivantes:The anatomo-physiological consequences due to the use of the seat according to the invention are as follows:

La disparition de la lordose entraîne; par compensation, une diminution de la cyphose dorsale et donc une mise en place optimale de la cage thoracique permettant une plus grande ampliation respiratoire.The disappearance of lordosis leads; by compensation, a reduction in the dorsal kyphosis and therefore an optimal placement of the rib cage allowing a greater respiratory amplification.

En abaissant le menton, on atténue également la lordose cervicale et la présence d'un appui-tête éventuel assure l'alignement de l'occiput, du sca- pulum et du sacrum.By lowering the chin, the cervical lordosis is also reduced and the presence of a possible headrest ensures alignment of the occiput, scapulum and sacrum.

L'énorme avantage du siège orthopédique selon l'invention est dû à la normalisation de la posture rachidienne en station assise, ce qui constitue la condition essentielle, en particulier chez l'enfant, de la prévention des déformations de la colonne vertébrale. Il faut savoir en effet que la stabilisation rachidienne, dont l'objet est le maintien du rachis en bonne position, est basée sur la mise en jeu d'une musculature complexe, faite de plusieurs couches: des muscles interseg- mentaires courts en profondeur et des muscles plurisegmentaires longs en superficie. Ces actions musculaires sont régulées de façon automatique et entretenues par les tensions engendrées par les étirements mécaniques des muscles. Tout appui du rachis a donc pour effet de relâcher en grande partie ces actions musculaires. Si cet appui est ponctuel, le relâchement musculaire entraîne, dans la zone sous-jacente, des distensions capsulo-ligamentaires génératrices d'inconfort. Il apparaît donc nécessaire, pour améliorer l'impression de confort d'un siège, de favoriser au maximum le plein appui du rachis et l'absence d'attitude vicieuse due à des inclinaisons latérales du rachis. En collant le bassin, en empêchant toute rotation de se produire et en assurant un appui physiologique du tronc, le siège selon l'invention, est parfaitement indiqué pour une station assise prolongée et pour la prévention des attitudes posturales vicieuses génératrices, en particulier chez l'enfant, de déformations rachidiennes.The enormous advantage of the orthopedic chair according to the invention is due to the normalization of the spinal posture in a sitting position, which constitutes the essential condition, in particular in children, for the prevention of deformations of the spine. You should know that spinal stabilization, the purpose of which is to keep the spine in good position, is based on the use of complex muscles, made up of several layers: short intersegmental muscles in depth and long multisegmental muscles in area. These muscular actions are regulated automatically and maintained by the tensions generated by the mechanical stretching of the muscles. Any support of the spine therefore has the effect of largely relaxing these muscular actions. If this support is punctual, muscle relaxation leads, in the underlying area, capsulo-ligamentary distensions generating discomfort. It therefore appears necessary, in order to improve the impression of comfort of a seat, to promote the full support of the spine as much as possible and the absence of a vicious attitude due to lateral inclinations of the spine. By gluing the pelvis, preventing any rotation from occurring and ensuring physiological support for the trunk, the seat according to the invention is perfectly indicated for prolonged sitting and for the prevention of vicious postural generative attitudes, in particular in adults. child, spinal deformities.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation qui viennent d'être décrits et représentés. On pourra y apporter de nombreuses modifications de détail sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention selon les revendications annexés.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described and shown. Many modifications of detail can be made without departing from the scope of the invention according to the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A chair comprising a seating face portion supported on legs and a back, wherein the seating face portion consists of two parts the planes of which define between them an angle for positioning the thighs, the pelvis and the vertebral column, the seating face portion comprising only two supporting planes (4a, 4b), with the first part (4a) being a substantially horizontal plane and the second part (4b) being directly connected to the back (5) of the chair, characterized in that the second part (4b) is flat and inclined downwardly towards the back in view of the vertebral column, and defines an acute angle (a) with said back at its corresponding end, which end is the lowermost point of said back (5), that the seating face portion
- due to its second part (4b) intersecting with the back (5) - with its first part (4a), exclusively intended for the thighs, and with its second part (4b), exclusively intended for the vertebral column, forms a first V-shaped angle having an upper summit and a second V-shaped angle having a lower summit, in that the part (4b) connected to the back (5) is slightly longer than the other part (4a) of the seating face (4), and in that the two parts (4a, 4b) of the seating face (4), at the concave side, form an angle (8) in the order of 150°.
2. The chair according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting the length of the first part (4a) and/or the length of the second part (4b) of the seating face (4).
3. The chair according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the means for adjusting the lengths of the parts (4a and/or 4b) are slidable tubes which are associated to a joint blocking means fixing the tubes at the selected lengths.
4. Chair according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that the adjusting means (15) allow for varying and selecting the angle ((3) which is formed between the two parts (4a, 4b) of the seating face (4).
5. Chair according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the adjusting means (16) allow for varying and selecting the angle (a) formed by the back (5) and the second, downwardly inclined part (4b) of the seating face (4).
EP85401104A 1984-06-19 1985-06-05 Seat Expired - Lifetime EP0167435B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85401104T ATE55682T1 (en) 1984-06-19 1985-06-05 SEAT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8409733A FR2565802B1 (en) 1984-06-19 1984-06-19 SEAT OF WHICH THE SEAT PART HAS A FIRST PART, SUBSTANTIALLY HORIZONTAL, AND A SECOND PART, INCLINED DOWN, WHICH IS CONNECTED TO THE BACKREST
FR8409733 1984-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0167435A1 EP0167435A1 (en) 1986-01-08
EP0167435B1 true EP0167435B1 (en) 1990-08-22

Family

ID=9305269

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401104A Expired - Lifetime EP0167435B1 (en) 1984-06-19 1985-06-05 Seat

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0167435B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE55682T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3579267D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2565802B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2651657A1 (en) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-15 Palanque Albert Chair of the type in which the seat part has two supporting planes, the first being horizontal and the second tilting backwards towards the base of the backrest
EP0543206A1 (en) * 1991-11-02 1993-05-26 Gotthard Bresch Chair
FR2721488B1 (en) 1994-06-22 1996-09-06 Albert Palanque Sitting device with numerous adjustment possibilities.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE760088A (en) * 1969-12-17 1971-05-17 Giroflex Entwicklungs Ag Rocking chair
CH568738A5 (en) * 1973-08-20 1975-11-14 Fehlbaum Fa
CH582498A5 (en) * 1974-09-06 1976-12-15 Fehlbaum Fa
SE433293B (en) * 1980-09-29 1984-05-21 Ackermann Ab SITTING FURNITURE, LIKE A CHAIR, SOFA, BENCH OR SIMILAR, WHICH SITTING AREA IS SHARED

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3579267D1 (en) 1990-09-27
FR2565802A1 (en) 1985-12-20
FR2565802B1 (en) 1987-07-10
ATE55682T1 (en) 1990-09-15
EP0167435A1 (en) 1986-01-08

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