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EP0166816A2 - Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166816A2
EP0166816A2 EP84114967A EP84114967A EP0166816A2 EP 0166816 A2 EP0166816 A2 EP 0166816A2 EP 84114967 A EP84114967 A EP 84114967A EP 84114967 A EP84114967 A EP 84114967A EP 0166816 A2 EP0166816 A2 EP 0166816A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
electrodes
threads
potential surfaces
flock
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84114967A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0166816A3 (en
EP0166816B1 (en
Inventor
Robert L. Goerens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Uniroyal Textilcord SA
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Uniroyal Textilcord SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Uniroyal Textilcord SA filed Critical Uniroyal Textilcord SA
Priority to AT84114967T priority Critical patent/ATE42975T1/en
Publication of EP0166816A2 publication Critical patent/EP0166816A2/en
Publication of EP0166816A3 publication Critical patent/EP0166816A3/en
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Publication of EP0166816B1 publication Critical patent/EP0166816B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/408—Flocked yarns
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23943—Flock surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating an electrostatic field of high voltage for the electrostatic flocking of a thread-like or yarn-shaped material which is moved in a host of adhesive-provided, grounded threads through a high-voltage electrostatic field which acts between the potential levels of electrodes .
  • the flocked material which is brought up on an electrically non-conductive conveying means arranged above the bottom electrode and below the threads of the thread sheet, is accelerated in the direction of the threads of the thread sheet and shot into the adhesive jacket of the threads.
  • the device relates to a flocking chamber formed from the lower and upper electrodes, each of which has an electrostatically effective potential surface and can be connected to high electrical voltage.
  • a continuous conveying means which brings the flock material, is arranged between the electrodes.
  • the flocking chamber is preceded by an adhesive application device for the thread sheet that can be pulled off a creel. Downstream of the flocking chamber is a drying chamber for the flocked threads of the thread sheet.
  • the threads are kept straight by a tensioning device and wound up by a winding device.
  • All-round flocked yarns and threads can be obtained if, according to the manufacturing process of DE-PS 16 35 235, the threads are rotated about their longitudinal axis on their way through the electric field. This known procedure is disadvantageous with regard to the continuous twist. The flock density of the thread obtained can also be further improved.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a method for electrostatic flocking, according to which any yarn or thread can be flocked tightly and optimally without the yarn or thread having to be rotated.
  • the shortcomings of the known methods are to be avoided.
  • this is achieved in that an electric field is generated between non-planar potential surfaces of the electrodes in the direction of action transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread and in that these potential surfaces are effective symmetrically to each thread of the family of threads and that the threads are moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the thread by the electrical field.
  • the threads of the thread family are flocked tightly with flock material all around, without the thread or the electrode having to be rotated.
  • the electric field is generated in a very simple way between potential surfaces which are hollow to the thread.
  • the flock In an electrostatic field, the flock is always fired from the electrode at a right angle to the potential surface and accelerated. If the potential surfaces are not flat, the flock follows shorter and longer field lines. Flock, which gets into the area of the earthed threads of the thread sheet or touches the adhesive jacket of the thread, is attracted to the thread and overcomes the influence of the field lines. The deviation of the flock flight direction is small. It can be up to 30 °. The speed and mass of the flock allow this for a short time. As a result, a large number of flock portions shoot diagonally into the adhesive jacket between the uneven potential surfaces of the electrodes. These flock portions are sufficient to flock the thread tightly and evenly without twisting. The flock is anchored radially and at an angle to the thread in the adhesive jacket. As a result, it has a greater flock density.
  • the electrical field can be generated between arc-shaped, in particular circular-arc-shaped or sinusoidal or other wave-shaped or between stepped potential surfaces of the electrodes.
  • the upper and lower electrodes can also be divided into several individual electrodes.
  • an electric field of different field strengths can be generated to increase the flocking density. This effect is used so that the thread of the thread sheet is flocked so densely on the way through the electric field that at the latest at the field starting point the flock that shoots back and forth no longer has any place on the surface of the adhesive.
  • the threads of the thread sheet can also be moved continuously or discontinuously. All-round flocking also takes place when the thread is at rest.
  • a field of any and different field strength can be generated.
  • a device is provided according to the preamble of claim 7, in which the potential surfaces of the electrodes are uneven in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, in particular are curved and symmetrical to the thread.
  • Preferred regular curvatures are obtained by an arcuate, in particular concave, curvature, viewed from the thread, or by an undulating configuration of the potential surfaces.
  • An electrical field with field lines of different lengths can be generated between such electrodes, which is particularly advantageously suitable for tightly flocking thread or yarn of a family.
  • Further configurations are stepped electrodes which are subdivided into partial electrodes. Different high voltages can be applied.
  • the distances between the electrodes and the thread sheet can be changed. Furthermore, the electrodes can be inclined to one another in the thread running direction. These measures allow a basic setting and intensification in the flocking.
  • the flocking device 1 essentially consists of a flocking chamber 2. It comprises an upper and lower electrode 3, 4 and the part 5 ′ of an endless conveyor 5 located therebetween. From a creel 6 threads 12 are in a family of threads - cf. also Fig. 3 reference numerals 12 '- deducted. They are flocked in the flocking chamber 2 and held or moved in a straight line by a tensioning device 10. Tensioning means that the threads are held so that they do not sag. Depending on the thread shrinkage, the corresponding change in length is also taken into account. The flocked threads are dried in a drying device 9 and wound up with the aid of a winding machine 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of the uneven potential surface 13 or 14 of the upper and lower electrodes 3, 4 in the form of a curvature. These surfaces are hollow-curved and arranged symmetrically to the thread 12. The distances of the potential surfaces 13, 14 to the thread can be changed; however, they are always the same size for thread. An electric field of high voltage is generated between these potential surfaces, the field lines of which are of different lengths. Flocked threads 12 are shown schematically.
  • the upper electrode 3 is e.g. to a high voltage of + 55 KV and the lower electrode e.g. connected to a high voltage of - 45 KV.
  • the flock transported into the flock chamber by the conveyor 5, 5 'shoots back and forth between the potential surfaces due to the effect of the electric field.
  • the grounded thread 12 is surrounded by an adhesive jacket (not shown) and has an electrically neutral field in this area. Portions of the flock shooting back and forth penetrate essentially radially into the adhesive jacket. Further portions of the flock are removed from the influence of the field lines in the area of the neutral zone and also shoot into the adhesive jacket at a small oblique angle, which can be up to 30 °.
  • the two thread flanks not facing the potential surfaces also fill with partly radial, partly inclined flocking parts until the thread is completely flocked.
  • FIG. 3 A preferred embodiment of the potential surfaces is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the electrode surfaces 15, 16 are uniformly undulating; etc. in the plane x, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the thread.
  • the group of threads of the threads 12 is designated 12 '.
  • the threads are preferably located in the middle between the symmetrical wave troughs.
  • the valleys and bellies of the electrode surface extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the thread. However, these valleys and bellies can also extend in an oblique to diagonal course of the recesses 17 to the longitudinal axis of the thread. This is shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes 20, 21 which have potential surfaces which are spatially formed both transversely to and in the longitudinal direction y of the thread.
  • This can e.g. be dome-shaped or truncated pyramid-like recesses. Any type of "volumetric" recess is possible with symmetrical valleys and islands.
  • FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes 22 which are arranged inclined to one another in the longitudinal direction y of the thread.
  • the distance E on the inlet side is preferably greater than that on the outlet side A.
  • the flocking is more intensive in the area of the smaller electrode distance compared to the larger electrode distance.
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement of stepped electrodes 19. These are provided as partial electrodes. Each pair of electrodes can take a certain, arbitrary distance to the thread sheet. Furthermore, each electrode can be connected to a specific, selectable high voltage. In this way, individually graduated flocking is possible.
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view of some of many possible spatial surface configurations of the electrode 20, 21 which are suitable for generating an electric field between uneven potential surfaces with different field line lengths in order to flock threads which are not twisted on their way through the field .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus for electrostatically flocking a thread-like or yarn-like material. This material rectilinearly and continuously or intermittently is moved through an electrical field which is generated between electrodes having non-planar yet symmetrical potential surfaces. This electrical field preferably is generated between curved potential surfaces of the electrodes. The flock is shot into the adhesive coating of a given thread not only radially but also at an angle. The thread does not have to be turned. As a result, a dense and improved flocking is achieved all around the yarn or thread in a simple and economical manner.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines elektrostatischen Feldes hoher Spannung zum elektrostatischen Beflocken eines faden- oder garnförmigen Materials, das in einer Schar von mit einem Klebemittel versehenen, geerdeten Fäden durch ein zwischen den Potentialebenen von Elektroden wirksames elektrostatisches Feld hoher Spannung hindurchbewegt wird. Unter der Wirkung dieses Feldes wird das auf einem elektrisch nicht leitenden, oberhalb der unten angeordneten Elektrode und unterhalb der Fäden der Fadenschar angeordneten Fördermittel herangeführte Flockmaterial in Richtung auf die Fäden der Fadenschar hin beschleunigt und in den Klebemittelmantel der Fäden eingeschossen.The invention relates to a method for generating an electrostatic field of high voltage for the electrostatic flocking of a thread-like or yarn-shaped material which is moved in a host of adhesive-provided, grounded threads through a high-voltage electrostatic field which acts between the potential levels of electrodes . Under the effect of this field, the flocked material, which is brought up on an electrically non-conductive conveying means arranged above the bottom electrode and below the threads of the thread sheet, is accelerated in the direction of the threads of the thread sheet and shot into the adhesive jacket of the threads.

Die Vorrichtung bezieht sich auf eine aus unterer und oberer Elektrode gebildeten Beflockungskammer, von denen jede Elektrode eine elektrostatisch wirksame Potentialoberfläche aufweist und an elektrischer Hochspannung anschließbar ist. Zwischen den Elektroden ist ein durchlaufendes, das Flockmaterial heranführende Fördermittel angeordnet. Der Beflockungskammer vorgeordnet ist eine Klebemittelauftragvorrichtung für die von einem Spulengatter abziehbare Fadenschar. Der Beflockungskammer nachgeordnet ist eine Trockenkammer für die beflockten Fäden der Fadenschar. Die Fäden werden durch eine Spannvorrichtung gerade gehalten und durch eine Aufspulvorrichtung aufgewickelt.The device relates to a flocking chamber formed from the lower and upper electrodes, each of which has an electrostatically effective potential surface and can be connected to high electrical voltage. A continuous conveying means, which brings the flock material, is arranged between the electrodes. The flocking chamber is preceded by an adhesive application device for the thread sheet that can be pulled off a creel. Downstream of the flocking chamber is a drying chamber for the flocked threads of the thread sheet. The threads are kept straight by a tensioning device and wound up by a winding device.

Bei der herkömmlichen Herstellung elektrostatisch beflockter Fäden oder Garne, die als Fadenschar durch ein elektrisches Feld bewegt wird, sind rundum beflockte Fäden oder Garne nicht zu erhalten. Sie weisen einen bändchenförmigen Charakter auf, weil im wesentlichen nur die den ebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden zugewandten Fadenoberflächen beflockt sind.In the conventional production of electrostatically flocked threads or yarns, which are moved as an array of threads through an electric field, all-round flocked threads or yarns cannot be obtained. They have a ribbon-like character because essentially only the thread surfaces facing the flat potential surfaces of the electrodes are flocked.

Rundum beflockte Garne und Fäden sind hingegen zu erhalten, wenn nach dem Herstellungsverfahren der DE-PS 16 35 235 die Fäden auf ihrem Weg durch das elektrische Feld um ihre Längsachse gedreht werden. Diese bekannte Verfahrensweise ist in Bezug auf die kontinuierliche Fadendrehung nachteilig. Die Flockdichte des erhaltenen Fadens ist überdies weiter verbesserungsfähig.All-round flocked yarns and threads can be obtained if, according to the manufacturing process of DE-PS 16 35 235, the threads are rotated about their longitudinal axis on their way through the electric field. This known procedure is disadvantageous with regard to the continuous twist. The flock density of the thread obtained can also be further improved.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum elektrostatischen Beflocken zu schaffen, nach dem beliebige Garne oder Fäden rundum dicht und optimal beflockt werden können, ohne daß die Garne oder Fäden gedreht werden müssen. Die Mängel der bekannten Verfahren sollen dabei vermieden werden.The aim of the invention is to provide a method for electrostatic flocking, according to which any yarn or thread can be flocked tightly and optimally without the yarn or thread having to be rotated. The shortcomings of the known methods are to be avoided.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß ein elektrisches Feld zwischen nicht ebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden in der Wirkungsrichtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung erzeugt wird und daß diese Potentialoberflächen symmetrisch zu jedem Faden der Fadenschar wirksam sind und daß die Fäden geradlinig in Fadenlängsrichtung durch das elektrische Feld bewegt werden.According to the invention, this is achieved in that an electric field is generated between non-planar potential surfaces of the electrodes in the direction of action transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread and in that these potential surfaces are effective symmetrically to each thread of the family of threads and that the threads are moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the thread by the electrical field.

Auf Grund eines solchen zwischen den nicht ebenen Elektrodenpotentialoberflächen erzeugten elektrostatischen Feldes werden die Fäden der Fadenschar mit Flockmaterial rundum dicht beflockt, ohne daß dabei der Faden oder die Elektrode gedreht werden müssen.Due to such an electrostatic field generated between the non-planar electrode potential surfaces, the threads of the thread family are flocked tightly with flock material all around, without the thread or the electrode having to be rotated.

Auf sehr einfache Weise wird das elektrische Feld zwischen zum Faden hohl gekrümmten Potentialoberflächen erzeugt.The electric field is generated in a very simple way between potential surfaces which are hollow to the thread.

In einem elektrostatischen Feld wird der Flock stets im rechten Winkel bezogen auf die Potentialoberfläche von der Elektrode abgeschossen und beschleunigt. Bei nicht ebenen Potentialoberflächen folgt der Flock kürzeren und längeren Feldlinien. Flock, der dabei in den Bereich der geerdeten Fäden der Fadenschar gerät oder den Klebermantel des Fadens berührt, wird vom Faden angezogen und überwindet den Feldlinieneinfluß. Die Abweichung der Flockflugrichtung ist gering. Sie kann bis zu 30° betragen. Geschwindigkeit und Masse des Flock lassen dies kurzzeitig zu. Dadurch schiessen in einem elektrischen Feld zwischen unebenen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden sehr viele Flockanteile schräg in den Klebermantel hinein. Diese Flockanteile reichen aus, um den Faden ohne Eigendrehung dicht und gleichmäßig zu beflocken.
Der Flock ist radial wie auch unter Schrägwinkeln zum Faden im Klebermantel verankert. Er weist dadurch eine größere Flockdichte auf.In an electrostatic field, the flock is always fired from the electrode at a right angle to the potential surface and accelerated. If the potential surfaces are not flat, the flock follows shorter and longer field lines. Flock, which gets into the area of the earthed threads of the thread sheet or touches the adhesive jacket of the thread, is attracted to the thread and overcomes the influence of the field lines. The deviation of the flock flight direction is small. It can be up to 30 °. The speed and mass of the flock allow this for a short time. As a result, a large number of flock portions shoot diagonally into the adhesive jacket between the uneven potential surfaces of the electrodes. These flock portions are sufficient to flock the thread tightly and evenly without twisting.
The flock is anchored radially and at an angle to the thread in the adhesive jacket. As a result, it has a greater flock density.

Das elektrische Feld kann zwischen bogen- insbesondere kreisbogen-oder sinusförmigen oder anderen wellenförmigen oder zwischen gestuften Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden erzeugt werden. Die obere und untere Elektrode kann ferner in mehrere Einzelelektroden unterteilt vorliegen.
Des weiteren kann zur Steigerung der Beflockungsdichte ein elektrisches Feld unterschiedlicher Feldstärken erzeugt werden. Diese Wirkung wird dazu benutzt, daß der Faden der Fadenschar auf dem Weg durch das elektrische Feld so dicht beflockt wird, daß spätestens an der Feldausgangsstelle der hin- und herschießende Flock keinen Platz mehr auf der Klebermantelfläche findet. Die Fäden der Fadenschar können des weiteren kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich bewegt werden. Die Rundumbeflockung erfolgt ebenfalls im Ruhezustand des Fadens. Auch hierbei kann ein Feld beliebiger und unterschiedlicher Feldstärke erzeugt werden.The electrical field can be generated between arc-shaped, in particular circular-arc-shaped or sinusoidal or other wave-shaped or between stepped potential surfaces of the electrodes. The upper and lower electrodes can also be divided into several individual electrodes.
Furthermore, an electric field of different field strengths can be generated to increase the flocking density. This effect is used so that the thread of the thread sheet is flocked so densely on the way through the electric field that at the latest at the field starting point the flock that shoots back and forth no longer has any place on the surface of the adhesive. The threads of the thread sheet can also be moved continuously or discontinuously. All-round flocking also takes place when the thread is at rest. Here, too, a field of any and different field strength can be generated.

Zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 7 vorgesehen, bei der die Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden in der Richtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung uneben ausgebildet, insbesondere gekrümmt und symmetrisch zum Faden vorliegen.To carry out the method according to the invention, a device is provided according to the preamble of claim 7, in which the potential surfaces of the electrodes are uneven in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread, in particular are curved and symmetrical to the thread.

Bevorzugte regelmäßige Krümmungen werden durch eine kreisbogenförmige, insbesondere konkave Krümmung, vom Faden aus betrachtet, oder durch wellenförmige Ausbildung der Potentialoberflächen erhalten. Zwischen solchen Elektroden kann ein elektrisches Feld mit unterschiedlich langen Feldlinien erzeugt werden, das besonders vorteilhaft geeignet ist, Faden oder Garn einer Schar rundum dicht zu beflocken. Weitere Ausgestaltungen sind gestufte und in Teilelektroden unterteilte Elektroden. Es können unterschiedliche Hochspannungen angelegt werden.Preferred regular curvatures are obtained by an arcuate, in particular concave, curvature, viewed from the thread, or by an undulating configuration of the potential surfaces. An electrical field with field lines of different lengths can be generated between such electrodes, which is particularly advantageously suitable for tightly flocking thread or yarn of a family. Further configurations are stepped electrodes which are subdivided into partial electrodes. Different high voltages can be applied.

Des weiteren können die Abstände der Elektroden zu der Fadenschar geändert werden. Ferner können die Elektroden in Fadenlaufrichtung zueinander geneigt vorliegen. Durch diese Maßnahmen kann eine Grundeinstellung und Intensivierung in der Beflockung erfolgen.Furthermore, the distances between the electrodes and the thread sheet can be changed. Furthermore, the electrodes can be inclined to one another in the thread running direction. These measures allow a basic setting and intensification in the flocking.

Die Merkmale der Erfindung sind anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert.The features of the invention are explained using exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Fadenbeflockungsanlage in schematischer Darstellung
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie Q-Q in Fig. 1 durch Elektroden mit gekrümmter Oberfläche,
  • Fig. 3 eine Anordnung von Elektroden im Querschnitt in abgewandelter Ausführung mit Wellenoberfläche,
  • Fig. 4 eine schematische Aufsicht auf eine abgewandelte Ausbildung der Elektroden,
  • Fig. 5 eine Anordnung von Elektroden mit räumlichen Ausnehmungen der Oberfläche in und quer zur Fadenlaufrichtung,
  • Fig. 6 eine in Fadenlaufrichtung geneigte Anordnung von Elektroden,
  • Fig. 7 eine in Fadenlaufrichtung gestufte Anordnung von mehreren Elektroden,
  • Fig. 8 eine Aufsicht auf Teile verschiedener Potentialoberflächen einer Elektrode mit räumlichen Ausnehmungen.
It shows:
  • Fig. 1 shows a thread flocking system in a schematic representation
  • 2 shows a cross section along the line QQ in FIG. 1 through electrodes with a curved surface,
  • 3 shows an arrangement of electrodes in cross section in a modified version with a shaft surface,
  • 4 shows a schematic plan view of a modified design of the electrodes,
  • 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes with spatial recesses of the surface in and transverse to the thread running direction,
  • 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes inclined in the thread running direction,
  • 7 shows an arrangement of a plurality of electrodes which is stepped in the thread running direction,
  • 8 shows a plan view of parts of different potential surfaces of an electrode with spatial recesses.

Die Beflockungsvorrichtung 1 nach Fig. 1 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Beflockungskammer 2. Sie umfaßt eine obere und untere Elektrode 3,4 und den dazwischen liegenden Teil 5' eines Endlosförderers 5. Mit 7 ist der Flock und mit 8 ein Flockspeicher mit Dosierteil bezeichnet. Von einem Spulengatter 6 werden Fäden 12 in einer Fadenschar - vgl. dazu auch Fig. 3 Bezugszeichen 12' - abgezogen. Sie werden in der Beflockungskammer 2 beflockt und durch eine Spannvorrichtung 10 geradlinig gehalten oder bewegt. Spannen bedeutet, daß die Fäden so gehalten werden, daß sie nicht durchhängen. Je nach Fadenschrumpf ist die entsprechende Längenänderung dabei mitberücksichtigt.
Die beflockten Fäden werden in einer Trockenvorrichtung 9 getrocknet und mit Hilfe einer Aufspulmaschine 11 aufgespult.The flocking device 1 according to FIG. 1 essentially consists of a flocking chamber 2. It comprises an upper and lower electrode 3, 4 and the part 5 ′ of an endless conveyor 5 located therebetween. From a creel 6 threads 12 are in a family of threads - cf. also Fig. 3 reference numerals 12 '- deducted. They are flocked in the flocking chamber 2 and held or moved in a straight line by a tensioning device 10. Tensioning means that the threads are held so that they do not sag. Depending on the thread shrinkage, the corresponding change in length is also taken into account.
The flocked threads are dried in a drying device 9 and wound up with the aid of a winding machine 11.

In Fig. 2 ist der Prinzipaufbau der unebenen Potentialoberfläche 13 bzw. 14 der oberen und unteren Elektrode 3,4 in Form einer Krümmung anschaulich erkennbar. Diese Oberflächen sind hohlgekrümmt ausgebildet und symmetrisch zum Faden 12 angeordnet. Die Abstände der Potentialoberflächen 13,14 zum Faden können geändert werden; sie sind jedoch stets gleich groß zum Faden. Zwischen diesen Potentialoberflächen wird ein elektrisches Feld hoher Spannung erzeugt, dessen Feldlinien unterschiedlich lang sind. Schematisch dargestellt sind beflockte Fäden 12.2 shows the basic structure of the uneven potential surface 13 or 14 of the upper and lower electrodes 3, 4 in the form of a curvature. These surfaces are hollow-curved and arranged symmetrically to the thread 12. The distances of the potential surfaces 13, 14 to the thread can be changed; however, they are always the same size for thread. An electric field of high voltage is generated between these potential surfaces, the field lines of which are of different lengths. Flocked threads 12 are shown schematically.

Die obere Elektrode 3 ist z.B. an eine Hochspannung von + 55 KV und die untere Elektrode z.B. an eine Hochspannung von - 45 KV angeschlossen. Der durch den Förderer 5, 5' in die Flockkammer transportierte Flock schießt aufgrund der Wirkung des elektrischen Feldes zwischen den Potentialoberflächen hin und her. Der geerdete Faden 12 ist mit einem (nicht dargestellten) Klebermantel umgeben und weist in diesem Bereich ein elektrisch neutrales Feld auf. Anteile des hin- und herschießenden Flock dringen im wesentlichen radial in den Klebermantel ein. Weitere Anteile des Flock werden im Bereich der neutralen Zone dem Feldlinieneinfluß entzogen und schießen unter einem geringen Schrägwinkel, der bis zu 30° betragen kann, ebenfalls in den Klebermantel ein. Dabei füllen sich die beiden nicht den Potentialoberflächen zugewandten Fadenflanken ebenfalls mit teils radialen, teils schräg einschießenden Flockanteilen, bis der Faden rundum dicht mit Flock besetzt ist.The upper electrode 3 is e.g. to a high voltage of + 55 KV and the lower electrode e.g. connected to a high voltage of - 45 KV. The flock transported into the flock chamber by the conveyor 5, 5 'shoots back and forth between the potential surfaces due to the effect of the electric field. The grounded thread 12 is surrounded by an adhesive jacket (not shown) and has an electrically neutral field in this area. Portions of the flock shooting back and forth penetrate essentially radially into the adhesive jacket. Further portions of the flock are removed from the influence of the field lines in the area of the neutral zone and also shoot into the adhesive jacket at a small oblique angle, which can be up to 30 °. The two thread flanks not facing the potential surfaces also fill with partly radial, partly inclined flocking parts until the thread is completely flocked.

Eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der Potentialoberflächen zeigt Fig. 3. Die Elektrodenoberflächen 15,16 sind gleichmäßig wellenförmig ausgebildet; u.z. in der Ebene x, die senkrecht zu der Fadenlängsachse vorliegt. Die Fadenschar der Fäden 12 ist mit 12' bezeichnet. Die Fäden befinden sich bevorzugt jeweils in der Mitte zwischen den symmetrischen Wellentälern. Die Täler und Bäuche der Elektrodenoberfläche erstrecken sich ihrer Länge nach im wesentlichen parallel zur Fadenlängsachse. Diese Täler und Bäuche können sich jedoch auch in einem schrägen bis diagonalen Verlauf der Ausnehmungen 17 zur Fadenlängsachse erstrecken. Dies ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt.A preferred embodiment of the potential surfaces is shown in FIG. 3. The electrode surfaces 15, 16 are uniformly undulating; etc. in the plane x, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the thread. The group of threads of the threads 12 is designated 12 '. The threads are preferably located in the middle between the symmetrical wave troughs. The valleys and bellies of the electrode surface extend essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the thread. However, these valleys and bellies can also extend in an oblique to diagonal course of the recesses 17 to the longitudinal axis of the thread. This is shown in FIG. 4.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Anordnung von Elektroden 20, 21, die Potentialoberflächen aufweisen, die sowohl quer zur als auch in Fadenlängsrichtung y räumlich ausgebildet sind. Dies können z.B. kalottenförmige oder pyramidenstumpfartige Ausnehmungen sein. Es ist jede Art von "volumetrischer" Ausnehmung möglich, bei der symmetrische Täler und Inseln vorliegen.FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of electrodes 20, 21 which have potential surfaces which are spatially formed both transversely to and in the longitudinal direction y of the thread. This can e.g. be dome-shaped or truncated pyramid-like recesses. Any type of "volumetric" recess is possible with symmetrical valleys and islands.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Anordnung von Elektroden 22, die in Fadenlängsrichtung y zueinander geneigt angeordnet sind. Bevorzugt ist der Abstand E an der Einlaufseite größer als an der Auslaufseite A gewählt. Die Beflockung ist im Bereich des geringeren Elektrodenabstandes intensiver im Vergleich zum größeren Elektrodenabstand.FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of electrodes 22 which are arranged inclined to one another in the longitudinal direction y of the thread. The distance E on the inlet side is preferably greater than that on the outlet side A. The flocking is more intensive in the area of the smaller electrode distance compared to the larger electrode distance.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Anordnung von gestuften Elektroden 19. Diese sind als Teilelektroden vorgesehen. Jedes Elektrodenpaar kann einen bestimmten, beliebig wählbaren Abstand zur Fadenschar einnehmen. Des weiteren kann jede Elektrode an eine bestimmte, wählbare Hochspannung angeschlossen werden.
Auf diese Weise ist eine individuell graduierte Beflockung möglich.FIG. 7 shows an arrangement of stepped electrodes 19. These are provided as partial electrodes. Each pair of electrodes can take a certain, arbitrary distance to the thread sheet. Furthermore, each electrode can be connected to a specific, selectable high voltage.
In this way, individually graduated flocking is possible.

Fig. 8 zeigt in der Aufsicht einige von vielen möglichen räumlichen Oberflächenausbildungen der Elektrode 20,21 , die geeignet sind, ein elektrisches Feld zwischen unebenen Potentialoberflächen mit unterschiedlicher Feldlinienlänge zu erzeugen, um Fäden zu beflocken, die auf ihrem Weg durch das Feld nicht gedreht werden.8 shows a top view of some of many possible spatial surface configurations of the electrode 20, 21 which are suitable for generating an electric field between uneven potential surfaces with different field line lengths in order to flock threads which are not twisted on their way through the field .

Claims (18)

1. Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines elektrostatischen Feldes zum elektrostatischen Beflocken eines faden- oder garnförmigen Materials, das in einer Schar von mit einem Klebemittel versehenen, geerdeten Fäden (12) durch ein zwischen den Potentialebenen (13, 14) von Elektroden (3, 4) wirksames elektrisches Feld hoher Spannung hindurchgeführt wird, unter dessen Wirkung das auf einem elektrisch nichtleitenden, oberhalb der unten angeordneten Elektrode und unter den Fäden angeordneten Fördermittel (5) herangeführte Flockmaterial (7) in Richtung auf die Fäden hin beschleunigt und in diese eingeschossen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein elektrisches Feld zwischen nicht ebenen symmetrischen Potentialoberflächen (15, 16) der Elektroden in der Wirkungsrichtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung erzeugt wird und daß die Fäden (12) geradlinig in Fadenlängsrichtung durch das elektrische Feld bewegt und dabei rundum beflockt werden.1. A method for generating an electrostatic field for the electrostatic flocking of a thread-like or yarn-shaped material, which in a group of earthed threads (12) provided with an adhesive by a between the potential planes (13, 14) of electrodes (3, 4) effective electric field of high voltage is passed, under the effect of which the flock material (7), which is brought up on an electrically non-conductive, above the electrode arranged below and below the threads, is accelerated in the direction of the threads and shot into them characterized in that an electric field is generated between non-planar symmetrical potential surfaces (15, 16) of the electrodes in the direction of action transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread and that the threads (12) are moved in a straight line in the longitudinal direction of the thread through the electric field and are flocked all around. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrische Feld zwischen gekrümmten Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden erzeugt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric field is generated between curved potential surfaces of the electrodes. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrische Feld zwischen sinusförmigen Potentialoberflächen der Elektroden erzeugt wird und daß die Fäden der Fadenschar jeweils zwischen den Sinustälern der Elektroden hindurchbewegt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the electric field is generated between sinusoidal potential surfaces of the electrodes and that the threads of the thread family are each moved between the sinus valleys of the electrodes. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrische Feld zwischen kreisbogenförmigen Potentialoberflächen in Richtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung erzeugt wird und die Fäden der Fadenschar jeweils im Mittelpunkt des Krümmungsradius vorliegend bewegt werden.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the electric field between circular arc-shaped potential surfaces in the direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread is generated and the threads of the thread sheet are each moved in the center of the radius of curvature. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein elektrisches Feld unterschiedlicher Feldstärken erzeugt wird.5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that an electric field of different field strengths is generated. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich bewegt werden.6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the threads are moved continuously or discontinuously. 7. Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, bestehend aus einer Beflockungskammer mit an Hochspannung anschließbarer unterer und oberer Elektrode mit Potentialoberflächen, einem dazwischen durchlaufenden, das Flockmaterial heranführenden Förderer, einer der Beflockungskammer vorgeordneten Klebemittelauftragvorrichtung für die von einem Spulengatter abziehbare Fadenschar, einer der Beflockungskammer nachgeordneten Trockenkammer, einer Fadenspannvorrichtung und einer Aufspulvorrichtung für die beflockten Fäden der Fadenschar,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Potentialoberflächen (13,14) der Elektroden (3,4) in Richtung quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung (y) uneben, insbesondere gekrümmt, und symmetrisch zum Faden (12) vorliegen.7. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 6, consisting of a flocking chamber with a lower and upper electrode that can be connected to high voltage and potential surfaces, a conveyor that leads through the flock material and an adhesive application device that is arranged upstream of the flocking chamber, for the thread sheet that can be pulled off a creel, one of the flocking chamber downstream drying chamber, a thread tensioning device and a winding device for the flocked threads of the thread sheet, characterized in that the potential surfaces (13, 14) of the electrodes (3, 4) are uneven in the direction transverse to the thread longitudinal direction (y), in particular curved, and are symmetrical to the thread (12). 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Potentialoberflächen (13/14) quer zur Fadenlängsrichtung (y) konkav gekrümmt sind und daß die Fäden (12) der Fadenschar (12') zentrisch zwischen den konkav gekrümmten Potentialoberflächen vorliegen.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the potential surfaces (13/14) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the thread (y) are concavely curved and that the threads (12) of the thread family (12 ') are present centrally between the concavely curved potential surfaces. 9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Potentialoberflächen (15,16) in Richtung (x) symmetrisch zur Ebene (y) wellenförmig ausgebildet sind.9. The device according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that the potential surfaces (15, 16) in the direction (x) symmetrical to the plane (y) are wave-shaped. 10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Potentialoberflächen (19) in Richtung (x) symmetrisch zur Ebene (y) gestuft vorliegen.10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the potential surfaces (19) in the direction (x) symmetrical to the plane (y) are present stepped. 11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unebenen Potentialoberflächen (17/18) schräg zur Fadenlängsrichtung (y) der Fadenschar vorliegen.11. The device according to claim 7 to 10, characterized in that the uneven potential surfaces (17/18) obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the thread (y) of the thread sheet are present. 12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Potentialoberflächen (20,21) bezogen auf die Längs-und Querrichtung (x,y) räumlich erweitert ausgebildet sind, wobei Täler und Inseln vorliegen.12. The device according to claim 7 to 11, characterized in that the potential surfaces (20, 21) with respect to the longitudinal and transverse directions (x, y) are spatially expanded, with valleys and islands. 13. Vorrichtung rach·Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die räumliche Erweiterung kalottenförmig oder pyramiden- bzw. kegelstumpfförmig vorliegt.13. Device rach · claim 12, characterized in that the spatial expansion is dome-shaped or pyramidal or frustoconical. 14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (3,4) im Abstand zu den Fäden (12) der Fadenschar (12') einstellbar, insbesondere stufenlos einstellbar sind.14. The apparatus according to claim 7 to 13, characterized in that the electrodes (3, 4) are adjustable, in particular continuously adjustable, at a distance from the threads (12) of the thread family (12 '). 15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (22) in Fadenlängsrichtung (y) zueinander geneigt angeordnet sind, wobei insbesondere der Abstand (E) an der Einlaufseite der Fadenschar größer vorliegt als der Abstand (A) an der Auslaufseite.15. The apparatus according to claim 7 to 14, characterized in that the electrodes (22) are arranged inclined to each other in the longitudinal direction (y), in particular the distance (E) is greater on the inlet side of the thread sheet than the distance (A) on the Outlet side. 16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (19) in Fadenlängsrichtung (y) gestuft vorliegen.16. The apparatus according to claim 7 to 15, characterized in that the electrodes (19) are stepped in the longitudinal direction of the thread (y). 17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (3,4) in mehrere Teilelektroden (19) bezogen auf die Längs- und/oder Querrichtung (x,y) unterteilt vorliegen.17. The apparatus according to claim 7 to 16, characterized in that the electrodes (3, 4) are present divided into a plurality of partial electrodes (19) with respect to the longitudinal and / or transverse direction (x, y). 18. Flockfaden oder -garn, bestehend aus einem Faden oder Garn mit umgebendem Klebemittelmantel, in dem im wesentlichen radial rundum elektrostatisch eingeschossener Flock verankert vorliegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Flock zusätzlich in von der Radialen abweichender Richtung schräg in den Klebermantel eingedrungen vorliegt und in unregelmäßig regelmäßiger, dichter Verteilung wirr mit dem radialen Flock vorliegt.18 flock thread or yarn, consisting of a thread or yarn with surrounding adhesive jacket, in which there is anchored essentially radially all around electrostatically injected flock, characterized in that flock additionally penetrates obliquely from the radial direction into the adhesive jacket and irregularly regular, dense distribution is confused with the radial flock.
EP84114967A 1984-06-26 1984-12-08 Method and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of material having an endless or yarn configuration Expired EP0166816B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84114967T ATE42975T1 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-12-08 METHOD FOR GENERATION OF AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD FOR ELECTROSTATIC FLOCKING OF A THREAD OR YARN-FORM MATERIAL AND THEN PRODUCED FLOCK THREAD OR. FLOCK YARN PRODUCED AFTERWARDS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3423462 1984-06-26
DE3423462A DE3423462C2 (en) 1984-06-26 1984-06-26 Method and device for electrostatic flocking of a thread- or yarn-like material and flock thread or yarn

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EP0166816A2 true EP0166816A2 (en) 1986-01-08
EP0166816A3 EP0166816A3 (en) 1987-10-21
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JP (1) JPS6115757A (en)
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US5020040A (en) * 1987-06-24 1991-05-28 Digital Equipment Corporation Overwriting system for magneto-optical recording with self timing track
US20010003600A1 (en) 1998-07-10 2001-06-14 Gordon G. Guay Method of manufacturing a textured toothbrush bristle
KR20030046767A (en) * 2001-12-06 2003-06-18 심우진 Method for manufacturing flocking yarns and apparatus for manufacturing the flocking yarns
EP2101930A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2009-09-23 Hans-Joachim Stieber Manufacturing system for a net-type or grid-type planar product
EP2225966A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-08 Braun GmbH Toothbrush bristle and method for manufacturing such a bristle
KR20200062831A (en) * 2018-11-27 2020-06-04 삼성전자주식회사 Chemical Liquid Supply Apparatus and Semiconductor Processing Apparatus Having the Same
CN114833043B (en) * 2022-04-24 2023-09-19 浙江大学 A method for preparing a high-density and highly oriented carbon fiber short fiber array and a thermal pad

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GB879143A (en) * 1959-12-11 1961-10-04 Eloflock Oberflaechenveredlung Improvements in or relating to the electro-static coating of filaments
GB1148700A (en) * 1966-12-31 1969-04-16 Singer Co Process and apparatus for the electrostatic flocking of textile material
DE1808119A1 (en) * 1968-11-09 1970-05-27 Kuehn Vierhaus & Cie Ag Flock yarn, as well as method and device for its production
DE2628495A1 (en) * 1975-06-27 1977-01-20 Flokart S A Flocked yarns - produced by passing adhesive coated yarns over bed of flocked particles overlaying positive electrode the yarns forming negative one
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ZA85301B (en) 1985-08-28
NO850202L (en) 1985-12-27
KR860000437A (en) 1986-01-28
JPH0419907B2 (en) 1992-03-31
US4671980A (en) 1987-06-09
IE56040B1 (en) 1991-03-27
EG16905A (en) 1991-06-30
DK72585D0 (en) 1985-02-15
EP0166816A3 (en) 1987-10-21
DD229048A5 (en) 1985-10-30
ES540749A0 (en) 1986-06-16
ATE42975T1 (en) 1989-05-15
IN162804B (en) 1988-07-09
US4622235A (en) 1986-11-11
CA1254081C (en) 1989-05-16
LU85530A1 (en) 1986-04-03
DK168224B1 (en) 1994-02-28
DK72585A (en) 1985-12-27
FI74632C (en) 1988-03-10
FI850525L (en) 1985-12-27
NO160149C (en) 1989-03-15
MX157786A (en) 1988-12-09
CA1236347A (en) 1988-05-10
ES8607062A1 (en) 1986-06-16
NO160149B (en) 1988-12-05
FI74632B (en) 1987-11-30
JPS6115757A (en) 1986-01-23
IE850234L (en) 1985-12-26
DE3423462C2 (en) 1987-01-29
EP0166816B1 (en) 1989-05-10
BR8500516A (en) 1986-04-15
ES540764A0 (en) 1986-06-16
DE3423462A1 (en) 1986-01-02
DE3478127D1 (en) 1989-06-15
FI850525A0 (en) 1985-02-08
KR890000238B1 (en) 1989-03-11
SU1410862A3 (en) 1988-07-15
ES8607063A1 (en) 1986-06-16

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