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EP0121922B1 - Revêtement de bâtiment - Google Patents

Revêtement de bâtiment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0121922B1
EP0121922B1 EP84103928A EP84103928A EP0121922B1 EP 0121922 B1 EP0121922 B1 EP 0121922B1 EP 84103928 A EP84103928 A EP 84103928A EP 84103928 A EP84103928 A EP 84103928A EP 0121922 B1 EP0121922 B1 EP 0121922B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supports
building
layer
outer skin
case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84103928A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0121922A2 (fr
EP0121922A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Leininger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84103928T priority Critical patent/ATE39722T1/de
Publication of EP0121922A2 publication Critical patent/EP0121922A2/fr
Publication of EP0121922A3 publication Critical patent/EP0121922A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0121922B1 publication Critical patent/EP0121922B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/24—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like
    • E04D3/30—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets with special cross-section, e.g. with corrugations on both sides, with ribs, flanges, or the like of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1643—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure being formed by load bearing corrugated sheets, e.g. profiled sheet metal roofs
    • E04D13/165—Double skin roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3608—Connecting; Fastening for double roof covering or overroofing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building cladding, in particular as a roof covering or facade cladding, with a first layer of beams which are arranged at a distance from one another and connected to the building, and with a second layer of beams which are arranged at a distance from one another and essentially transversely to the Beams of the first layer are aligned and to which an outer skin is connected, the beams of the first layer being slidably connected to each other at their respective intersection points with the beams of the second layer.
  • Roof covers for hall roofs and also facade cladding are often made in a lightweight metal construction.
  • a major problem here is the mastery of the different longitudinal expansions of the roof covers or facade claddings on the one hand and the other, mostly made of concrete building parts, for example the ceiling truss or the building wall.
  • a further complication of this design problem arises when a roof covering as a double-shell Cover with intermediate insulating layer is formed, since then even different thermal expansions of the two roof shells occur relative to each other within the roof covering itself.
  • connection areas between the cladding and the building wall or between the two roof shells there can be considerable shear stresses on the connection means, which can lead to destruction of the connection or the outer skin, for example by widening the through holes of the screws or rivets in the outer skin. If such a construction is carried out in metal, there is still the problem that, despite filling the space between the inner and outer shell with an insulating material, considerable heat losses occur due to heat conduction via the construction elements.
  • a non-load-bearing wall cladding in which support rails connected in parallel and provided with the load-bearing wall are slid onto the support elements, which are adjustable with respect to the distance perpendicular to the load-bearing wall and with their free end one retaining bar is firmly connected by clamping.
  • the wall cladding panels are fixed to the retaining strips.
  • the holding elements are designed to be displaceable only to the extent necessary for the purpose of assembly and to compensate for unevenness.
  • free longitudinal and transverse movements of the wall cladding relative to the load-bearing wall to compensate for expansion and shrinkage of the structure, such as are caused by changing temperatures, are not possible because of the clamping connection.
  • This construction is not intended and cannot be used as a roof covering.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a building cladding, in particular a roof covering, in which the support layer assigned to the outer skin is reliably decoupled from the other support layer and practically no tension occurs in the construction due to temperature fluctuations and which can also absorb the loads, such as they occur with roof covers.
  • a sliding connector is provided which allows free expansion of the two intersecting beams in their longitudinal direction, and that the first layer of the beams is connected to a closed inner cover on its side facing the building, and that The space between the inner cover and the outer skin is filled with an insulating material.
  • This construction has the advantage, on the one hand, that large, heat-insulated surfaces, for example roof surfaces, in particular structures made of metal, can be created in which the shell consisting of the outer skin and the second support layer can freely expand relative to the underlying support layer without constraint. Different expansions in zones, for example in sunlight, when part of the area is shaded by other parts of the building, can also be absorbed without difficulty.
  • the advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the contact surfaces between the individual supports of the first support layer and the supports of the second support layer are very small, based on the total area, so that the passage area available for heat conduction is considerably reduced , which is of great importance, for example, in roof coverings according to the invention, that is to say in the case of a double-shell construction with an insulating intermediate layer.
  • the particular advantages of the construction according to the invention are particularly evident when both the outer skin and the inner cover are made of sheet metal.
  • the carrier of both Layers are formed by hollow profiles made of metal with a substantially C-shaped cross-section, that the intersecting hollow profiles face each other with their open sides and that the sliding connector of each crossing point engages in the lower and upper hollow profiles through the open side.
  • sliding connectors themselves are a "non-load-bearing" component, ie, for example, a snow load is absorbed directly via the intersecting beams.
  • the sliding connectors only have to hold the support layer carrying the outer skin securely in the event of suction from wind.
  • the sliding connector is formed by an essentially T-shaped profile piece and that the web of the T-profile has lateral notches for receiving the free flange ends of the C-shaped profile of the beam to be connected which is to be pushed on.
  • the T-shaped profile piece is in each case hooked into the corresponding slot-shaped opening of a carrier of the lower layer and then the carrier of the upper layer to be fastened is inserted with its free legs into the notches in the web of the T-shaped profile piece. In this way, one carrier of the upper layer can be connected progressively from carrier to carrier of the lower layer with the carriers of the lower layer. The outer skin is then connected to the supports of the upper layer.
  • a sliding intermediate layer is arranged at the crossing points between two beams.
  • This sliding intermediate layer which can consist of a plastic, for example PTFE or the like, not only leads to a reduction in the heat conduction between the supports of the lower layer and the upper layer at the crossing points, but also has the advantage that in the case of relative movements Cracking and setting noises can be avoided between the two carrier layers.
  • the intermediate slide layer is expediently designed such that it is held by the sliding connectors, so that additional securing to the carriers is not required.
  • At least the outer skin consists of plate material with longitudinal profiling in the form of beads, bends or the like, and that the supports assigned to the outer skin each run transversely to the assigned profiling.
  • the term "profiling" within the meaning of the invention also includes profiles with a wavy profile in cross-section, including those which have a trapezoidal "wave profile” or flat panels with a few parallel reinforcing beads. This also includes shapes that are formed from many parallel U-profiles that are placed side by side, whereby a closed outer skin is achieved by a tight connection of adjacent profile flanges. Sheet metal can be considered as well as plastics, asbestos cement or the like. The advantage of this construction is that the roof covering or facade cladding has a high load-bearing capacity in spite of the lightweight construction that is possible with it, since the two shells are relatively rigid constructions in themselves the required free relative movement between the two shells is given.
  • the outer cladding shell formed from the outer skin and the carriers directly connected to it is fixed only in the upper area of the building or on the inner cladding shell, the connection in this area acting as a sliding connection in the longitudinal direction of the building .
  • FIG. 1 shows a roof covering for a warehouse.
  • the binder 1 spanning the hall made of concrete or the like.
  • On the building walls or on supports 2 are stored.
  • An inner cover 3 made of sheet metal is initially provided on the binders 1 and has a corrugated profile formed from successive trapezoids.
  • the inner cover 3 is laid in such a way that the apex lines of the shafts run parallel to the ridge and cover at least two adjacent trusses.
  • a first layer of supports 4 is fixedly connected to it, which are arranged at a distance from one another and which run transversely to the corrugated profile of the inner cover 3.
  • these carriers are made of metal as a hollow profile and have an essentially C-shaped cross section, the open side of the profile cross section pointing upward.
  • a second layer of supports 5 is applied, which are also formed by hollow profiles made of metal with a substantially C-shaped cross section.
  • the beams 5 of the second layer lie with their open profile side on the open profile side of the beams 4 of the first layer.
  • the intersecting beams are connected by a sliding connector, the construction and assembly of which will be described in more detail below, in such a way that the crossing beams 4, 5 can each stretch freely in their longitudinal direction, but perpendicular to the roof plane firm connection is formed.
  • the roof skin 7 is firmly connected, which in the illustrated embodiment also consists of a corrugated metal sheet.
  • this profile is arranged so that the apex lines of the waves are aligned perpendicular to the eaves.
  • the space between the inner cover 3 and the roof skin 7 can be completely filled with insulating material.
  • the respective closest to the roof ridge support 8 of the upper support layer is firmly connected to the supports of the lower support layer in such a way that elongation is possible in the longitudinal direction, but otherwise the roof shell formed from the position of the supports 5 and the roof skin 7 against Slipping is kept.
  • the roof structure described above is shown in Fig. 2 on a larger scale.
  • the inner cover 3 and the associated carrier 4 are firmly connected to one another by means of rivets or screws 9.
  • the roof skin 7 is firmly connected to the associated supports 5 by means of screws or rivets 10, so that there are two stable shells or panels which, due to the assignment of the individual profile shapes to one another despite the relative mobility of the two shells to one another perpendicular to their surface have significant load bearing capacity.
  • the crossing point 6 with its sliding connector is shown in detail in FIG. 3.
  • the sliding connector 11 is shown in perspective in FIG. 5.
  • it consists of an essentially T-shaped profile piece, the web 12 of which has notches 13 on both sides.
  • the belt 14 of the profile is angled at aine free edges 15, so that the shape shown in Fig. 5 results.
  • the free edge 15 of the C-shaped profile of the carrier 4 of the lower carrier layer is once more folded inwards, so that the sliding connector 11 can be inserted into the carrier 4, as in Fig. 3, so that the beveled edge 15 of the sliding connector 11 engages behind the beveled free edge of the carrier profile 4.
  • the carrier 5 of the upper carrier layer is now displaced in the direction of the arrow 16 and transversely to the course of the carrier 4, so that the free edges of the C-profile of the carrier 5 engage in the notches 13 in the web 12 of the sliding connector 11.
  • the carrier 5 is then continuously pulled through from one of the underlying carriers 4 to the other during assembly of the roof and each connected to the lower carrier layer with the aid of a sliding connector 11.
  • Fig. 4 shows a side view of such a corner point.
  • Fig. 6 it is shown that with appropriate dimensions of the C-profile of the carrier 4 and the T-profile of the sliding connector 11, they do not have to be inserted into the C-profile in the longitudinal direction, but rather can be hooked in from above. This makes assembly much easier.
  • the sliding intermediate layer 17 made of plastic, for example made of PTFE, in perspective.
  • the sliding intermediate layer is provided with a cutout 18 so that it can grip around the web 12 of the sliding connector 11 at the crossing point, as is shown in a side view in FIG. 8.
  • the sliding intermediate layer not only improves the free movement of the two roof shells against each other in the area of the crossing points, which also prevents cracking noises, but also improves the thermal insulation between the outer roof shell and the inner roof shell, since in the area of the already very reduced contact area between the beams 4 and 5 an additional reduction in thermal conductivity is achieved by the intermediate sliding layer.
  • the roof structure described above can be assembled directly on the construction site, as well as in prefabricated individual elements are assembled, which are then assembled to cover the building to form a closed roof area.
  • FIG. This consists essentially of two crosswise connected pipe sections 19 and 20 with, for example, a square cross section.
  • the clear cross section of the pipe sections is dimensioned such that the supports 4, 5 to be connected to one another can be pushed through with slight play.
  • the arrangement of a sliding intermediate layer is possible. This can consist, for example, in a plastic lining of the pipe sections 19, 20 or else by means of a corresponding casing or the like which can be plugged onto the carrier in the intersection area.
  • facade cladding can also be created with this system.
  • the interior covering described can be dispensed with here, since the insulation material to be introduced is held directly by the wall of the building.
  • the lower support layer 4 is then fastened accordingly to the building wall.
  • the carrier layer 5 and the outer skin 7 can then either be installed one after the other, as described above for a roof covering, or the carrier layer 5 and the outer skin 7 can be inserted as a prefabricated element from above with the inserted sliding connectors.
  • the outer cladding shell is defined in the area of the roof overhang or roof connection in smaller buildings, or in intermediate areas in higher multi-storey buildings.
  • this carrier can be of larger dimensions and have a profile that differs from the other carriers.
  • the edge or surface of the plate material assigned to this support is expediently shaped, for example by folding or a horizontal bead, in such a way that the weight is not absorbed solely by the connecting means (screws or rivets) between the outer skin and the supports.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Revêtement pour bâtiment, servant notamment de couverture de toit ou de revêtement de façade, comprenant une première couche de poutres (4), qui sont espacées l'une de l'autre et sont solidaires du bâtiment, et une seconde couche de poutres (5), qui sont espacées l'une de l'autre et sont orientées sensiblement perpendiculairement aux poutres (4) de la première couche et dont est solidaire une peau extérieure (7), les poutres (4) de la première couche étant assujetties aux poutres (5) de la seconde couche en chacun de leurs points de croisement (6) et de manière coulissante pour chacun de ceux-ci, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un raccord coulissant (11) qui autorise, suivant leur direction longitudinale, une dilatation libre des deux poutres se croisant, en ce que la première couche des poutres (4) est solidaire, par sa face tournée vers le bâtiment, d'une couverture intérieure fermée (3) et en ce que l'espace intermédiaire situé entre cette couverture intérieure (3) et la peau extérieure (7) est rempli d'un matériau isolant.
2. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les poutres (4, 5) des deux couches sont constituées de profilés creux en métal et à section transversale sensiblement en forme de C, en ce que les profilés creux se croisant sont tournés l'un vers l'autre par leurs côtés ouverts et en ce que le raccord coulissant (11) de chaque point de croisement (6) s'emboîte dans chaque profilé creux, inférieur et supérieur, en traversant son côté ouvert.
3. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le raccord coulissant (11) est formé d'un tronçon de profilé sensiblement en forme de T et que la jambe (12) de ce profilé en T comporte des entailles latérales (13) destinées à recevoir les rebords libres des ailes du profilé en forme de C de la poutre à assembler qui doit être enfilé.
4. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, à chacun des points de croisement (6), une couche intermédiaire de glissement (17) est disposée entre les deux poutres (4, 5).
5. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire de glissement (17) est maintenue par le raccord coulissant (11).
6. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la peau extérieure (7) est formée d'un matériau en plaques à profil longitudinal en forme d'ondulations, de pliages à arêtes vives ou analogues, et en ce que chacune des poutres (4, 5) associées à la peau extérieure (7) s'étend transversalement au profil associé.
7. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la paroi extérieure de revêtement (7) formée de la peau extérieure (7) et des poutres (5) qui en sont directement solidaires n'est à chaque fois fixée que dans la zone supérieure sur le bâtiment ou sur la paroi intérieure de revêtement, l'assemblage dans cette zone suivant la direction longitudinale du bâtiment agissant à la façon d'un assemblage coulissant.
8. Revêtement de bâtiment suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que chacun des raccords coulissants est formé de tronçons de tube (19, 20) qui sont assujettis rigidement en croix l'un à l'autre et en ce que chacune des poutres à assembler (4, 5) est enfilée à travers le tronçon de tube associé.
EP84103928A 1983-04-11 1984-04-09 Revêtement de bâtiment Expired EP0121922B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103928T ATE39722T1 (de) 1983-04-11 1984-04-09 Gebaeudeverkleidung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3312919 1983-04-11
DE3312919 1983-04-11
DE3313638 1983-04-15
DE19833313638 DE3313638A1 (de) 1983-04-11 1983-04-15 Gebaeudeverkleidung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0121922A2 EP0121922A2 (fr) 1984-10-17
EP0121922A3 EP0121922A3 (en) 1986-01-02
EP0121922B1 true EP0121922B1 (fr) 1989-01-04

Family

ID=25809882

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84103928A Expired EP0121922B1 (fr) 1983-04-11 1984-04-09 Revêtement de bâtiment

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0121922B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3313638A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE445657B (sv) * 1984-12-04 1986-07-07 Graenges Aluminium Ab Infestningsanordning for teckplatar pa byggnader, serskilt takplatar
DE29901218U1 (de) * 1999-01-25 2000-09-07 Wieland Engineering Ag, Maienfeld Befestigungskonstruktion von Blechtafeln auf Holz

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB572592A (en) * 1944-03-29 1945-10-15 Gerald Poulton Improvements in or relating to grilles
DE1509077A1 (de) * 1962-07-18 1969-04-24 Solvay Vorrichtung zum Befestigen gewellter Bedachungsplatten
FR2029869A5 (fr) * 1969-01-29 1970-10-23 Wanner Isofi Isolation
GB1455556A (en) * 1972-11-07 1976-11-17 Bpb Industries Ltd Wall linings
FR2251675A1 (en) * 1973-11-20 1975-06-13 Meneroud Guy Single storey building with terrace appearance roof - has corrugated sheets on roof frame attached to a low roof wall
US4353188A (en) * 1977-02-25 1982-10-12 Seago Marvin E Food storage building

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3475927D1 (en) 1989-02-09
EP0121922A2 (fr) 1984-10-17
EP0121922A3 (en) 1986-01-02
DE3313638A1 (de) 1984-10-11

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