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EP0097097A1 - Verfahren zum Wärmeaustausch mit direkter Berührung zwischen gasigen und flüssigen Mitteln und Wärmetauscher zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Wärmeaustausch mit direkter Berührung zwischen gasigen und flüssigen Mitteln und Wärmetauscher zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097097A1
EP0097097A1 EP83401179A EP83401179A EP0097097A1 EP 0097097 A1 EP0097097 A1 EP 0097097A1 EP 83401179 A EP83401179 A EP 83401179A EP 83401179 A EP83401179 A EP 83401179A EP 0097097 A1 EP0097097 A1 EP 0097097A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
chamber
layers
downstream
sprayed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83401179A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0097097B1 (de
Inventor
Georges Gustave André Ignace Gautier
Charles Ludovic Etienne Provost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sarl Etudes & Realisations De Technique Thermique Ertt
Original Assignee
Sarl Etudes & Realisations De Technique Thermique Ertt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sarl Etudes & Realisations De Technique Thermique Ertt filed Critical Sarl Etudes & Realisations De Technique Thermique Ertt
Priority to AT83401179T priority Critical patent/ATE31810T1/de
Publication of EP0097097A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097097A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0097097B1 publication Critical patent/EP0097097B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the transfer of heat between a gas and a liquid according to the process known as by direct exchange.
  • the transfer of the calories contained in a flow of hot gases (for example a combustion gas) to a liquid, by bringing the sprayed liquid into direct contact with the hot gas, in particular by spraying the liquid into a vertical chamber traversed by the flow of gas, is known and described for example in US-A-4,287,138.
  • Heat transfer by direct exchange is subject to various limitations.
  • a first limitation results from the vapor pressure of the liquid in the gas with which the heat exchange takes place because, since the vaporization of the liquid is endothermic, the vapors entrained by. the outgoing gases constitute a loss.
  • the efficiency of the heat exchange is a function of the difference in temperatures at the level of the exchange surface, the surface of the exchange surface and the duration of the contact.
  • the temperature of heating the liquid which is in any case lower than its boiling temperature, is lower the higher the ratio of the calorific mass of the liquid to the calorific mass of the gas but the efficiency is all the more high that this last ratio is lower.
  • the aim of the present invention is to solve these problems, firstly, by obtaining a better efficiency of the heat exchange, which results in cooler outlet gases, and, secondly, by obtaining a liquid at temperature. near the boiling point.
  • This object is achieved, in accordance with the invention, by causing the gas flowing in the form of a vein to pass through a multiplicity of layers, independent and in series, of sprayed liquid, these sheets occupying the entire section of the vein, and in extracting the liquid from the exchanger to the right of the wall of the vein.
  • the spraying is carried out so as to obtain droplets having a diameter less than a millimeter and it is carried out from the center towards the periphery of the gas stream.
  • the liquid in line with the first upstream layers crossed by the hot gases, the liquid vaporizes while absorbing calories, but the temperature of the gas and vapor mixture cools and said calories absorbed by the vaporization are returned to the liquid constituting the following layers whose volume increases of the volume of condensed vapors. It can therefore be seen that a significant part of the heat transfer takes place at the level of the upstream layers with a significant temperature difference between the gases and the liquid, therefore with a high efficiency.
  • the exchange takes place at the level of each layer between the entire volume of the gases and a fraction of the total volume of the liquid corresponding to the flow supplying the exchanger.
  • the system therefore produces a system equivalent to a plurality of cascade exchangers which each operate with the maximum temperature difference, therefore the maximum possible yield.
  • each droplet Due to the very large volume surface of the liquid in the form of fine droplets, the heat exchange coefficient is high and in the layers where vapor condensation takes place, each droplet forms a condensation nucleus, the multiplicity of droplets promoting this condensation with direct transfer of calories into the mass of the droplet.
  • the projection is carried out in the form of conical sheets.
  • the duration of the contact is increased, compared to a radial ply, like the inverse of the square of the sine of the half-angle at the top of the ply, the length of the path of the liquid from the center to the wall being equal to the radius of the gas stream divided by the sine of the angle and the thickness of the sheet parallel to the axis, that is to say according to the direction of circulation of the gas flow, being equal to the thickness of the sheet divided by the same sine.
  • the conical sheet opens downstream in the direction of circulation of the gas flow.
  • the axial speed of circulation of the gas flow is deduced from the axial component of the speed of the droplets, which reduces the residual relative speed and increases the duration of the contact.
  • the streams of heated liquid corresponding to the various spray plies located on either side of at least the level where the gases are cooled substantially to the vaporization temperature are separated and collected independently.
  • the liquid heated in the downstream layers is used as liquid sprayed in the upstream layers.
  • the present invention also relates to an exchanger for implementing the above direct exchange method comprising an elongated exchange chamber with, at its two ends, respectively an inlet and an outlet for gases and means for spraying a liquid into the gas flow passing through this chamber constituted by a plura lity of spray nozzles staggered along said chamber, the exchanger being characterized in that each spray nozzle sprays the liquid in a flattened ply reaching the wall of the chamber, the different plies being parallel to each other and independent.
  • the exchange chamber being of vertical axis and the gas flowing from bottom to top, the spray nozzles spray according to a conical sheet opening upwards and downstream.
  • the reference 1 designates the cylindrical wall delimiting the exchanger chamber
  • 2 is the inlet of the 3 hot az located at the lower part of the chamber, this inlet tangentially opening over a width approximately equal to the radius of the chamber and 3 denotes the axial outlet of the gases.
  • the reference 4 designates helical guide vanes fixed on the inner wall of the lower part of the chamber to accentuate the helical gas circulation.
  • spray nozzles 5 are arranged along the axis of the chamber being substantially regularly spaced and they are supported by their supply pipe 6, the pipes being carried by boxes 7 inserted in the wall 1 and supplied with pressurized water from supply ramps 8.
  • the nozzles 5 are associated with nozzles to give spray jets 9 in thin conical layers.
  • the spraying is carried out under a pressure of approximately 3 ⁇ 10 P and gives droplets of approximately 0.4 to 0.7 mm in diameter, the angle at the top ⁇ being 70 °.
  • the spray nozzles are divided into two groups A and B supplied by independent booms, the group.
  • A being located the highest, that is to say downstream in the direction of circulation of the fumes and group B upstream.
  • a peripheral chute 10 intended to collect the water from the sheets 9A which s flows on the upper part of the wall.
  • the collected water is evacuated by a pipe 11 in a tank 12 from where it is taken up by a pump 13 to supply by the ramp 8, the nozzles 5 of group B.
  • the water sprayed by the nozzles 9B flows along the wall of the lower part of the chamber and is collected in a tarpaulin 14.
  • the exchanger operates as follows: the hot gases arrive at a temperature T F via inlet 2 and circulate according to an upward helical movement in the chamber to be evacuated by the outlet 3 at a temperature T s , the circulation taking place by natural or forced draft.
  • the water is introduced at a temperature t o and under a pressure of 3 x 10 5 P , which may be the pressure of the supply network, by the ramp 8 of group A, it is sprayed at this temperature t o by the sprayers 5 of group A in the form of conical sheets.
  • This water at temperature t 1 is taken up by the pump 13 and sprayed under the same pressure by the nozzles 5 from group B in the form of conical layers 9B.
  • the temperature difference T F - t 1 is high, the exchange efficiency is high and part of the water will pass into the vapor state.
  • T m the temperature of the gases entraining the vaporized water of the lower layers will decrease to T m and in the upper layers the vapors will condense to be reincorporated into the layers whose water will reach the wall at a temperature neighbor of T M.
  • the coolant is water and the hot gases are combustion gases, but the invention is not limited to this liquid and these hot gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP83401179A 1982-06-10 1983-06-09 Verfahren zum Wärmeaustausch mit direkter Berührung zwischen gasigen und flüssigen Mitteln und Wärmetauscher zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired EP0097097B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83401179T ATE31810T1 (de) 1982-06-10 1983-06-09 Verfahren zum waermeaustausch mit direkter beruehrung zwischen gasigen und fluessigen mitteln und waermetauscher zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8210363A FR2528556B1 (fr) 1982-06-10 1982-06-10 Procede et appareil d'echange direct de chaleur a demultiplication multiple entre fluides gazeux et liquides
FR8210363 1982-06-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097097A1 true EP0097097A1 (de) 1983-12-28
EP0097097B1 EP0097097B1 (de) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=9274984

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401179A Expired EP0097097B1 (de) 1982-06-10 1983-06-09 Verfahren zum Wärmeaustausch mit direkter Berührung zwischen gasigen und flüssigen Mitteln und Wärmetauscher zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0097097B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE31810T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3375203D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2528556B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5657630A (en) * 1993-06-04 1997-08-19 Man B&W Diesel A/S Large supercharged diesel engine
US5809981A (en) * 1993-06-04 1998-09-22 Man B&W Diesel A/S Large supercharged internal combustion engine and a method of operating a cooler for cooling the intake air of such an engine
WO1998058221A1 (en) * 1997-06-16 1998-12-23 Izot Isaevich Dyment Method and apparatus for cooling liquid in cooling tower
AU756857B2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2003-01-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Incorporated Water distribution conduit
US8222457B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-07-17 Chemetall Gmbh Coordination compounds of the boron group

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2820620A (en) * 1954-07-22 1958-01-21 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Apparatus and process for heating liquids
US2838135A (en) * 1954-01-26 1958-06-10 Pilo Claes Wilhelm Process for the recovery of heat from hot gases
FR2066052A5 (en) * 1969-10-17 1971-08-06 Von Hutten Friedrich Wet dust removal appts
DE1601122A1 (de) * 1967-10-04 1971-11-11 Bischoff Gasreinigung Vorrichtung zur Kuehlung von Druckgas,insbesondere Druckluft
US4028440A (en) * 1974-03-11 1977-06-07 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Method and apparatus of multi stage injector cooling
US4287138A (en) * 1979-02-02 1981-09-01 Buckner Lynn A Direct contact gaseous to liquid heat exchange and recovery system
US4345916A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-08-24 Richards Clyde N Means and method for removing airborne particulates from an aerosol stream

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1658533A (en) * 1927-01-12 1928-02-07 Leon T Mart Spray-cooling-cone device
US2654584A (en) * 1950-09-29 1953-10-06 Research Corp Gas cooling contact apparatus
US3163498A (en) * 1961-10-06 1964-12-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Quench apparatus for reactor tube exits

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2838135A (en) * 1954-01-26 1958-06-10 Pilo Claes Wilhelm Process for the recovery of heat from hot gases
US2820620A (en) * 1954-07-22 1958-01-21 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Apparatus and process for heating liquids
DE1601122A1 (de) * 1967-10-04 1971-11-11 Bischoff Gasreinigung Vorrichtung zur Kuehlung von Druckgas,insbesondere Druckluft
FR2066052A5 (en) * 1969-10-17 1971-08-06 Von Hutten Friedrich Wet dust removal appts
US4028440A (en) * 1974-03-11 1977-06-07 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Method and apparatus of multi stage injector cooling
US4287138A (en) * 1979-02-02 1981-09-01 Buckner Lynn A Direct contact gaseous to liquid heat exchange and recovery system
US4345916A (en) * 1980-05-19 1982-08-24 Richards Clyde N Means and method for removing airborne particulates from an aerosol stream

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5657630A (en) * 1993-06-04 1997-08-19 Man B&W Diesel A/S Large supercharged diesel engine
US5809981A (en) * 1993-06-04 1998-09-22 Man B&W Diesel A/S Large supercharged internal combustion engine and a method of operating a cooler for cooling the intake air of such an engine
WO1998058221A1 (en) * 1997-06-16 1998-12-23 Izot Isaevich Dyment Method and apparatus for cooling liquid in cooling tower
AU756857B2 (en) * 2000-09-21 2003-01-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Incorporated Water distribution conduit
US8222457B2 (en) 2006-11-17 2012-07-17 Chemetall Gmbh Coordination compounds of the boron group

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE31810T1 (de) 1988-01-15
FR2528556A1 (fr) 1983-12-16
EP0097097B1 (de) 1988-01-07
DE3375203D1 (en) 1988-02-11
FR2528556B1 (fr) 1988-01-29

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