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EP0083045B1 - Système magnétique à entrefer annulaire, en particulier pour haut-parleurs de basses fréquences - Google Patents

Système magnétique à entrefer annulaire, en particulier pour haut-parleurs de basses fréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0083045B1
EP0083045B1 EP82111770A EP82111770A EP0083045B1 EP 0083045 B1 EP0083045 B1 EP 0083045B1 EP 82111770 A EP82111770 A EP 82111770A EP 82111770 A EP82111770 A EP 82111770A EP 0083045 B1 EP0083045 B1 EP 0083045B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air gap
pole plate
working air
annular
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82111770A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0083045A3 (en
EP0083045A2 (fr
Inventor
Eckehard Kort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813151530 external-priority patent/DE3151530A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0083045A2 publication Critical patent/EP0083045A2/fr
Publication of EP0083045A3 publication Critical patent/EP0083045A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0083045B1 publication Critical patent/EP0083045B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/022—Aspects regarding the stray flux internal or external to the magnetic circuit, e.g. shielding, shape of magnetic circuit, flux compensation coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an annular gap magnet system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to an electromagnetic drive and a woofer with an annular gap magnet system of the generic type.
  • the cylindrical part of the pole core delimiting the working air gap is longer than the magnet height, so that it. extends into an opening of the lower pole plate, the diameter of which is at least equal to the outer diameter of the working air gap.
  • the pole core is connected to the lower pole plate via a soft iron part, which ensures that there is at least a cross section available for the magnetic flux below the opening which corresponds to that of the lower pole plate. A magnetic leakage flux that occurs in the area of the opening is therefore very low.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an annular gap magnet system of the generic type so that even with an overdrive, the voice coil on the lower one, even with overdriving, the voice coil and the element driven by the voice coil, which is the speaker membrane in a loudspeaker Pole plate is avoided with certainty.
  • a low-frequency speaker with an annular gap magnet system 1 a conical membrane 2 and a membrane basket 2a is shown schematically.
  • a cylindrical body 4b, on which a voice coil 4a is arranged, is firmly connected to the membrane.
  • a centering membrane 2b is arranged between the lower end of the membrane 2 and the membrane basket 2a.
  • the speaker basket 2a is firmly connected to the magnet system in the usual way.
  • the annular gap magnet system 1 has a cylindrical pole core 5 on soft iron and an annular permanent magnet 6 with a thickness D, which is arranged concentrically to the pole core 5 between an annular upper pole plate 7 with a thickness d 2 and a lower pole plate 8.
  • a working air gap 3 is formed between the pole core 5 and the inner circumference of the upper pole plate 7, which is concentric with the pole core and into which the voice coil 4a is immersed.
  • pole core 5 and the lower pole plate 8 are shown in one piece. Normally, the pole core 5 and the pole plate 8 are two separate bodies, for example by screws or Rivets are firmly connected. This is symbolized in FIG. 1 by the dashed line 5a.
  • the voice coil 4a is designed in such a way that it moves in the working air gap 3 of the magnet system with a corresponding stroke, for example the large stroke which is typical for a woofer.
  • the open end 9a of the brake air gap 9 is in all embodiments at a distance d 1 from the underside of the upper pole plate 7, which corresponds at least to the thickness d 2 of the upper pole plate 7, but is preferably greater.
  • the magnetic flux, as it results from the brake air gap 9 and the magnetic resistor 10e, is indicated in dashed lines.
  • the magnetic flux through the lower pole plate 8 to the pole core 5 runs due to the magnetic resistance 10e to a substantial extent 10a through the brake air gap 9 and the magnetic leakage flux 10d over the open end 9a of the brake air gap 9 runs from the edge and the top of the pole plate 8 to Pole core 5.
  • the magnetic flux 10a through the brake air gap and the leakage flux 10d form the brake magnetic flux and, in sum, are at least equal to the inner leakage flux 10c between the pole core 5 and the upper pole plate 7, which passes below the working air gap 3. wise they are bigger.
  • the voice coil 4a plunges inward into the magnet system, it finally emerges completely from the field of the working air gap 3 when appropriately excited. It is driven further by the magnetic field of the stray flux 10c.
  • the sum of the brake magnetic fluxes 10a and 10d acts in opposition to this drive by the leakage flux 10c. As a result, the voice coil 4a is actively braked, thus preventing it from striking the lower pole plate.
  • annular gap magnet system only the annular gap magnet system is shown, the same reference numerals being used for the same or equivalent parts, as in FIG. 1. In the following, only the features are described in relation to which the magnet systems differ the embodiment of Fig. 1 differ.
  • the lower pole plate 8 has a shoulder 8a on its underside to the left of the center line radially outward of the brake air gap 9 in order to save material or to reduce weight.
  • An embodiment is shown to the right of the center line, in which the lower pole plate is composed of a ring 8b and a plate c.
  • the pole core 5 is fixed in the center on the plate 8c, the thickness of which determines the magnetic resistance.
  • a soft iron ring 12 is arranged on the upper side of the lower pole plate 8, the outer surface of which softly contacts the inner surface 6a of the permanent magnet ring 6, while its inner surface limits the brake air gap over part of its depth.
  • a soft iron ring 12a is provided, which, however, has such a height here that it limits the outside of the brake air gap over the entire depth d 3 with its inner surface.
  • the soft iron ring 12a is embedded in a corresponding recess 13 in the lower pole plate 8.
  • the described soft iron ring enables easy adjustment of the loudspeaker to certain desired sound qualities. It also leads to an economical production of the annular gap magnet system. By inserting soft iron rings of different heights, the depth of the brake air gap and its distance from the upper pole plate can be varied.
  • the ring-shaped permanent magnet 6 is composed of two partial magnetic rings 6b and 6c, each with a thickness D 1 or D 2 , which overall corresponds approximately to the thickness D of the permanent magnet 6 according to FIG. 1.
  • the upper partial magnet 6b has an inner diameter which corresponds to the inner diameter of the magnet 6 according to FIG. 1.
  • the lower partial magnet 6c has an inner diameter which corresponds to the outer diameter of the brake air gap 9. It therefore forms with its inner surface 6d the outer surface of the brake air gap 9, which extends with an annular recess 9b into the lower pole plate 8, through which the cross-section reduction is determined, which in turn determines the magnetic resistance.
  • the thickness d 1 of the magnet 6b is selected so that the condition is again met that the distance of the open end 9a of the brake air gap 9 from the underside of the upper pole plate 7 corresponds at least to the height of the working air gap and thus the thickness d 2 of the upper pole plate .
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that, given a predetermined height of the brake air gap, the thickness of the lower pole plate can be kept smaller than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 or 2. This makes the weight of the magnet system is reduced.
  • the magnetic flux density B was measured by means of a Hall probe over the total height d 1 + d 2 + d 3 , the measurement being limited to a total depth of 30 mm, since no usable measurement results could be obtained in the area of the bottom of the brake air gap.
  • the measurement results are shown in the diagram in FIG. 5.
  • the magnetic flux is directed away from the pole core above the abscissa and towards the pole core below the abscissa.
  • the magnetic flux density is essentially constant over the thickness d 2 of the upper pole plate 7, ie over the height of the working air gap 3.
  • the density of the magnetic flux which results from the stray field 10c, drops quite steeply.
  • the magnetic flux density then becomes at point Y, ie at a distance of 9 mm from the lower edge of the upper pole plate 7 to O. From point Y on, the stray field 10d becomes effective.
  • the flux density rises again in the opposite direction of the magnetic flux and reaches its maximum approximately in the area of the open end 9a of the brake air gap 9, the size of which depends on the size of the magnetic resistance in the lower pole plate.
  • the flux density then remains essentially constant over the depth of the brake air gap in the measured area.
  • the flux density is plotted in the diagram in Teslar (T).
  • the voice coil does not open even when the loudspeaker is overdriven to the maximum. Rather, the inward movement of the voice coil is braked by the magnetic opposing field generated above the brake air gap and in the brake air gap and thus limited.
  • Annular gap magnet systems of the type described can be used not only in loudspeakers, but generally for electromagnetic drives in which a relatively large undamped stroke is required.
  • a writing element can be connected to the voice coil.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Système d'aimant à fente annulaire, en particulier pour haut-parleurs pour basses, dans lequel une bobine oscillante (4a) peut se mouvoir avec une grande course dans l'entrefer de travail (3), comportant un noyau magnétique (5) en fer doux et un aimant permanent annulaire (6) qui est disposé, à distance du noyau magnétique, entre une plaque polaire supérieure (7) limitant l'entrefer de travail et une plaque polaire inférieure (8), une ouverture annulaire (9) entourant le noyau magnétique (5) en sa région inférieure dans le prolongement axial de l'entrefer de travail (3), caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture est constituée sous la forme d'un entrefer magnétique de freinage (9) qui commence à une distance (d,) de la plaque polaire supérieure (7), distance qui correspond au moins à l'épaisseur (d2) de la plaque polaire supérieure et est diminué (résistance magnétique 10e) sous la section magnétiquement conductrice de la plaque polaire inférieure dans une mesure telle que le flux magnétique (10a) passant par l'entrefer de freinage (9) et le flux de dispersion (10d) au-dessus de l'entrefer de freinage (9), qui sont tous deux dirigés à l'envers du flux magnétique (10b) dans l'entrefer de travail (3) et aussi à l'envers du flux de dispersion (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3), ont une somme égale ou supérieure au flux de dispersion intérieur (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3).
2. Système d'aimant à fente annulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que dans/sur la plaque polaire inférieure (8) est disposé un anneau en fer doux (12) limitant extérieurement l'entrefer de freinage (9) au moins sur une partie de sa longueur axiale (d3) et qui s'étend axialement sur une partie de la hauteur (D) de l'aimant permanent (6) qui est plus petite que la différence entre la hauteur (D) de l'aimant permanent et l'épaisseur (d2) de la plaque polaire supérieure et s'applique extérieurement, de façon magnétiquement conductrice, contre la circonférence intérieure de l'aimant permanent.
3. Système d'aimant à fente annulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'entrefer de freinage (9) est limité extérieurement, sur une partie de sa longueur axiale (d3) qui est plus petite que la différence entre la hauteur (D) de l'aimant permanent et l'épaisseur (d2) de la plaque polaire supérieure, par la circonférence intérieure (6d) de l'aimant permanent (6).
4. Système d'aimant à fente annulaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'aimant permanent annulaire (6) est constitué par deux aimants permanents annulaires (6b, 6c) placés en ligne, dont l'aimant permanent (6c) situé à l'opposé de l'entrefer de travail (3) limite extérieurement, par sa circonférence intérieure (6d), l'entrefer de freinage (9).
5. Haut-parleur pour basses muni d'un système d'aimant à fente annulaire dans lequel une bobine oscillante (4a) peut se mouvoir avec une grande course dans l'entrefer de travail (3), comportant un noyau magnétique (5) en fer doux et un aimant permanent annulaire (6) qui est disposé, à distance du noyau magnétique, entre une plaque polaire supérieure (7) limitant l'entrefer de travail et une plaque polaire inférieure (8), une ouverture annulaire (9) entourant le noyau magnétique (5) en sa région inférieure dans le prolongement axial de l'entrefer de travail (3), caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture est constituée sous la forme d'un entrefer magnétique de freinage (9) qui commence à une distance (di) de la plaque polaire supérieure (7), distance qui correspond au moins à l'épaisseur (d2) de la plaque polaire supérieure et est diminué (résistance magnétique 10e) sous la section magnétiquement conductrice de la plaque polaire inférieure dans une mesure telle que le flux magnétique (10a) passant par l'entrefer de freinage (9) et le flux de dispersion (10d) au-dessus de l'entrefer de freinage (9), qui sont tous deux dirigés à l'envers du flux magnétique (10b) dans l'entrefer de travail (3) et aussi à l'envers du flux de dispersion (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3), ont une somme égale ou supérieure au flux de dispersion intérieur (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3).
6. Entraînement électromagnétique muni d'un système d'aimant à fente annulaire dans lequel une bobine oscillante (4a) peut se mouvoir avec une grande course dans l'entrefer de travail (3), comportant un noyau magnétique (5) en fer'doux et un aimant permanent annulaire (6) qui est disposé, à distance du noyau magnétique, entre une plaque polaire supérieure (7) limitant l'entrefer de travail et une plaque polaire inférieure (8), une ouverture annulaire (9) entourant le noyau magnétique (5) en sa région inférieure dans le prolongement axial de l'entrefer de travail (3), caractérisé par le fait que l'ouverture est constituée sous la forme d'un entrefer magnétique de freinage (9) qui commence à une distance (d1) de la plaque polaire supérieure (7), distance qui correspond au moins à l'épaisseur (d2) de la plaque polaire supérieure et est diminué (résistance magnétique 10e) sous la section magnétiquement conductrice de la plaque polaire inférieure dans une mesure telle que le flux magnétique (10a) passant par l'entrefer de freinage (9) et le flux de dispersion (10d) au-dessus de l'entrefer de freinage (9), qui sont tous deux dirigés à l'envers du flux magnétique (10b) dans l'entrefer de travail (3) et aussi à l'envers du flux de dispersion (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3), ont une somme égale ou supérieure au flux de dispersion intérieur (10c) en dessous de l'entrefer de travail (3).
EP82111770A 1981-12-24 1982-12-18 Système magnétique à entrefer annulaire, en particulier pour haut-parleurs de basses fréquences Expired EP0083045B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813151530 DE3151530A1 (de) 1981-12-24 1981-12-24 Ringspaltmagnetsystem, insbesondere fuer tiefton-lautsprecher
DE3151530 1981-12-24
DE8226166U 1982-09-17
DE8226166 1982-09-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0083045A2 EP0083045A2 (fr) 1983-07-06
EP0083045A3 EP0083045A3 (en) 1983-09-28
EP0083045B1 true EP0083045B1 (fr) 1985-11-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82111770A Expired EP0083045B1 (fr) 1981-12-24 1982-12-18 Système magnétique à entrefer annulaire, en particulier pour haut-parleurs de basses fréquences

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Country Link
US (1) US4628154A (fr)
EP (1) EP0083045B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3267630D1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5070530A (en) * 1987-04-01 1991-12-03 Grodinsky Robert M Electroacoustic transducers with increased magnetic stability for distortion reduction
US5142260A (en) * 1991-03-08 1992-08-25 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Transducer motor assembly
US5321762A (en) * 1991-08-05 1994-06-14 Aura Systems, Inc. Voice coil actuator
AU672953B2 (en) * 1991-08-05 1996-10-24 Speaker Acquisition Sub Voice coil actuator
US5390257A (en) * 1992-06-05 1995-02-14 Oslac; Michael J. Light-weight speaker system
US5883967A (en) * 1997-04-15 1999-03-16 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Slotted diaphragm loudspeaker
US6963652B1 (en) 2003-04-18 2005-11-08 James M Colombo Low frequency generator
WO2006029378A2 (fr) 2004-09-09 2006-03-16 Guenther Godehard A Haut-parleurs et systemes
US8189840B2 (en) 2007-05-23 2012-05-29 Soundmatters International, Inc. Loudspeaker and electronic devices incorporating same
CN102378083A (zh) * 2010-08-12 2012-03-14 郭建文 动态阻尼中、低音扬声器
US20130170689A1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2013-07-04 Dr. G Licensing, Llc Ultra-Low Profile Loudspeakers
DK180111B1 (en) * 2018-10-04 2020-05-06 Upper Level Aps A magnet system for an electromechanical transducer

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DE574429C (de) * 1929-06-25 1933-04-18 Heinrich Eberhard Einrichtung an elektrodynamischen Lautsprechern
GB858250A (en) * 1958-07-01 1961-01-11 Darwins Ltd Improvements in or relating to permanent magnet assemblies
NL257376A (fr) * 1959-10-29
DE1614164B2 (de) * 1967-06-01 1977-05-26 Magnetfabrik Bonn Gmbh Vorm. Gewerkschaft Windhorst, 5300 Bonn-Bad Godesberg Ringspalt-magnetsystem
DE2024258A1 (de) * 1970-05-19 1971-12-02 Neckarelz Mikrofonbau Magnetsystem für elektroakustische Wandler
US3660618A (en) * 1970-10-01 1972-05-02 Stanley F White Magnetic assembly for loudspeaker
GB1321581A (en) * 1971-01-04 1973-06-27 Rola Celestion Ltd Magnet assemblies for moving coil electroacoustic transducers
JPS542647Y2 (fr) * 1971-03-10 1979-02-05
US3803522A (en) * 1973-05-11 1974-04-09 Arnold Eng Co Air gap extending the width of a permanent magnet assembly
DE2511226A1 (de) * 1975-03-14 1976-09-23 Licentia Gmbh Elektrodynamischer lautsprecher
JPS5244627A (en) * 1975-10-04 1977-04-07 Sony Corp Magnet core type speaker
SU587645A1 (ru) * 1976-07-21 1978-01-05 Предприятие П/Я А-3150 Магнитна цепь электродинамического громкоговорител
JPS5376824A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-07-07 Hitachi Ltd Speaker
FR2382822B1 (fr) * 1977-03-01 1985-08-30 Seas Fabrikker As Dispositif pour haut-parleur electrodynamique
JPS5546645A (en) * 1978-09-29 1980-04-01 Sony Corp Head phone
JPS6038077B2 (ja) * 1980-04-16 1985-08-29 松下電器産業株式会社 スピ−カ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3267630D1 (en) 1986-01-02
EP0083045A3 (en) 1983-09-28
US4628154A (en) 1986-12-09
EP0083045A2 (fr) 1983-07-06

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