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EP0054686B1 - Process for manufacturing a non woven textile sheet, and the non woven textile sheet - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing a non woven textile sheet, and the non woven textile sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0054686B1
EP0054686B1 EP81108908A EP81108908A EP0054686B1 EP 0054686 B1 EP0054686 B1 EP 0054686B1 EP 81108908 A EP81108908 A EP 81108908A EP 81108908 A EP81108908 A EP 81108908A EP 0054686 B1 EP0054686 B1 EP 0054686B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
needled
carrier layer
textile
pile
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP81108908A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0054686A1 (en
Inventor
S.A. Breveteam
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Breveteam SA
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Breveteam SA
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Publication date
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Priority to AT81108908T priority Critical patent/ATE11578T1/en
Publication of EP0054686A1 publication Critical patent/EP0054686A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D04H11/08—Non-woven pile fabrics formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric according to the preamble of claim 1 and a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • Such a known method and the generic fabric are known from DE-A-2,452,136.
  • a carrier layer which is smooth, closed or open pile loops in the initial state
  • a loop pile layer which is structured or patterned in the finished product, which the usage surface forms, in which fibers from the underlayer are at least partially needled through this backing layer from the rear surface of the backing layer, individual fibers from the underlayer are needled into free spaces, filling them completely, a tufted, extremely low pile weight loop pile layer of the fabric.
  • the patterning options are limited to the properties of needled, openly projecting individual fibers, which, as is desired there, give the loop pile layer the appearance of a tip-sheared article or an open-pole article with a uniform structure.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic production method for a textile fabric of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows any or targeted supplementing of the loop pile layer with fiber material and with which a textile fabric is to be obtained which has any patterns and / or structures can have.
  • the lower layer consists of spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures made of spherically entangled fibers or contains such, whereby at least some of these spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are needled through the carrier layer, changing their original shape, in such a way that their spherical head part is in extend the loop pile layer forming the surface of use.
  • spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures made of spherically entangled fibers and threads are known, which are generally referred to there as spherical yarns.
  • these ball yarns are connected to one another or to a carrier layer in that individual holding fibers are removed from the ball yarns and introduced into other ball yarns or in the carrier layer (actively needling) or that holding fibers removed from the carrier layer are introduced into these ball yarns (passive needled).
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures can be needled in any way into the loop pile layer through the carrier layer, as a result of which a particularly simple method can be used for the production.
  • the fact that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures pass through the carrier layer depends on the nature, such as the density of the fiber structures and the type of fiber, so that they can be easily damaged or destroyed by the carrier layer, e.g. B. through openings in the same, pushed through or can be forced through.
  • the fiber structures therefore advantageously have a high density of the fibers in them.
  • Ball yarns with a density of the fibers or threads of 0.3 to 1 g / cm 2 can be present.
  • the fiber structures can be needled to the top of the loop pile layer or beyond it. But you can also only in the loop pile layer z. B. in their free spaces, needled and present between the loops of a tufted pile yarn, from which the loop pile layer can be made.
  • the pile yarn can have open or closed pile loops. Depending on its design, the loop pile layer can already contain the free spaces; but it can also only when the fiber structures are introduced into the loop pile layer, e.g. B. rooms with displacement of
  • the pile-containing loop pile layer can be tufted by pile yarn, rustling or knitting, i. H. be made by methods that have poles or loops, e.g. B. pile loops or velor-like surfaces, and what is to be understood below also means the pile-containing, tufted loop pile layer.
  • the spherical to worm-like fiber structures can be needled in such a way that they are, for. B. have remained with a part in the lower layer and / or the carrier layer and are anchored there.
  • the fiber structures through the carrier layer changes their shape compared to the remaining in the lower layer fiber structures, so that the fiber structures in the loop pile layer have a shape that differs from that as it was originally in the lower layer.
  • the fiber structures can still remain anchored in the lower layer and / or the carrier layer with a tail or with a tuft of fibers. If spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are needled from the lower layer into the loop pile layer, the spherical shape can be changed as it is forced through the carrier layer in such a way that a z. B. pear-shaped fiber structure is present, which remains with its tapered part in the carrier layer and / or the lower layer.
  • a loop pile layer can be achieved in which, in addition to pile yarn, a fiber material of a different shape is present in the form of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures. This enables a variety of patterning and structuring possibilities to be achieved, in particular if the fiber structures needled through have a different color than the tufted poles, or are themselves of a different color. Essentially all of the fiber structures in the lower layer or only a few can be needled through the carrier layer, so that different possibilities for patterning and / or structuring can also result from this.
  • the product has already been tufted with the pile pile layer containing the poles and the fiber structures can be introduced into it.
  • the pile-containing loop pile layer by tufting a pile yarn in the carrier layer, for. B. in a base fabric or a fiber composite, and then in particular immediately afterwards to apply the fiber structures to the carrier layer and then to needle through the same.
  • the fiber structures are preferably placed unconnected on the carrier layer and then needled.
  • the fiber structures can contain natural and / or synthetic fibers or threads, such as multifilaments or spun yarns.
  • the tufted loop pile layer can have a pile weight of 100 to 1500 g / M 2 , preferably 300 to 600 g / m 2 , and there can be 20,000 to 120,000, preferably 30,000 to 90,000 pile loops / m 2 .
  • the fiber structures can be needled with a needling density which is preferably greater than the number of pile loops / M 2 and thus the pile layer in the loop pile layer and can be 5 to 50 punctures / c M 2 .
  • the fiber structures can have a thickness in at least one direction of their expansion, which is at least 1 mm.
  • the ball yarns can have a thickness of 1 to 25 mm. If necessary, the underlayer can advantageously serve as the usual backing layer for the fabric. You can after needling the fiber structures in the usual way by a binder, for. B. latex, solidified.
  • the textile fabric according to the invention can be a floor or wall covering material or a decorative fabric. It can be a tufted loop pile carpet made of e.g. B. Continuous filaments are present as the pile yarn, in which the fiber structures can be present in the aforementioned shape or form between the pile loops.
  • the fiber structures can also protrude above the pile loops so that a high-low structure can be achieved. Patterns can be created by patterning the fiber structures, e.g.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures can be specified.
  • patterns can also be achieved by loose tufting, ie the pile yarn loops can be introduced into the carrier layer with low density or with low weight and the fiber structures in the loop pile layer, e.g. B. by filling in of free spaces, then create a pattern.
  • Such options for patterning are described in EP publication 0.055.362, which is why reference is made to the same at this point for a more detailed explanation.
  • the pile yarn loops can also be introduced into the carrier layer in the form of a pattern and the free spaces created by the pattern can be filled by the fiber structures.
  • the fiber structures can be present in the underlayer alone or else mixed with fiber material of another shape.
  • a z. B. uniform structure of multifilaments as the pile yarn through the needled, spherical to worm-like fiber structures z. B. be converted into a product with a pimpled character, which can have the appearance of a very expensive manufactured carded yarn.
  • a z. B. uniform structure of multifilaments as the pile yarn through the needled, spherical to worm-like fiber structures z. B. be converted into a product with a pimpled character, which can have the appearance of a very expensive manufactured carded yarn.
  • smooth pile yarns such. B. flame or other effects.
  • This is known, for. B. achievable with expensive spun pimpled yarns, which, however, can lead to disruptive production interruptions when tufting due to tearing off the pimples.
  • the subsequent introduction of the fiber structures can be assumed to be a smooth, tufted pile yarn, which can be tufted less prone to failure due to the lack of knobs.
  • a smooth tufted product can subsequently be structured or patterned in the desired manner, e.g. B. provided with knobs, which may be in the form of the fiber structure. Due to the fiber structure, the pile loops can also be adequately supported and protected against twisting. The pole loops can be bent horizontally or essentially horizontally instead of vertically. This can cause additional patterns. Spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures mixed with thread pieces can also be present in the lower layer, so that after vernadein in the loop pile layer, a mixture of spherical worm-shaped fiber structures and thread pieces can be present. This allows further patterning options to be achieved.
  • the needling of the flat structures can be carried out on conventional needling machines and with conventional needling needles, which allow the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures to be gripped, such as, for. B. felting needles or barbed needles.
  • Figures 1 and 2 each show a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric in a schematic representation in section.
  • a pile yarn 2 is tufted into a carrier layer 3, so that the same pile loops protrude from the upper side 3 'and thus a pile pile layer 4 containing poles is present.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 contain spherically entangled fibers, as z. B.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 When it is forced through the carrier layer 3, the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 become more or less slimmer than their original shape in the lower layer 6 and therefore their shape is changed. However, after passing through the carrier layer 3, they can expand again more or less, so that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are present in the loop pile layer 4 with a spherical head part 5 'which essentially corresponds to their original shape. As a result of the squeezing, a narrower, e.g. B.
  • the narrower part 5 can also consist of only a few fibers of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5, so that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 in the loop pile layer 4 have essentially the same original shape 5 and can be referred to as such.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 with their part 5 can only remain in the carrier layer 3 and be anchored there.
  • the lower layer 6 is depleted on them. so that there are fewer spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 than before needling through, but depending on the needling, which is done by simply inserting needles into the underlayer 6 from the rear, all or essentially all of the original ones can be found in the underlayer 6 be spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 into the loop pile layer 4 (not shown). This depends on the type of needling, the size and type of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5 or the openings created in the carrier layer 3.
  • the flat structure can be created with a structured or also patterned upper side and have an uneven surface.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 can be placed in a pattern-like manner as the lower layer 6 and needled over the entire surface or laid over the entire surface and z. B. needled in strips. Part of the needled spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5 is z. B. between the pole loops, while others may have reached or on the top.
  • they are embedded in a fiber material 7 in the lower layer 6.
  • the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are introduced into the loop pile layer 4 by needles from the lower layer 6, their shape or shape having changed compared to the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 remaining in the lower layer 6, as was described in the previous exemplary embodiment. With a head part 5 ', the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 fill the loop pile layer 4 or spaces in it, which either exist between the pile loops of the pile yarn 2 or may have been removed during the needling by displacing them (not shown).
  • the deformed spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are still in the lower layer 6, in which there are still needleless spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5.
  • a majority of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 protrudes with the head part 5 'over the pile loops of the pile yarn 2, so that a pronounced high-low structure is formed on the top of the fabric 1.
  • the pile loops of the pile yarn 2 and the fiber structures 5 are shown in a schematic manner in FIGS. In fact, they may have different distances or dimensions and e.g. B. arranged closer or closer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

1. Process for manufacturing a multi-layer non-woven textile sheet material (1) with a tufted and additionally structured useful surface, comprising an under-layer (6), a carrier layer (3) which is smooth in its starting condition and carries closed or open textile loops, and a looped textile layer (4) which is structured or patterned in the finished product and which forms the useful surface, in which threads from the under-layer (6) are needled from the rear surface of the carrier layer (3) at least partially through this carrier layer (3), characterised in that the under-layer (6) comprises, or contains, ball-like or vermicular fibre bodies (5) of spherically wound fibres, and that at least some of these ball-like or vermicular fibre bodies (5) are needled through the carrier layer (3) with a change in their original form in such a way that they extend with their ball-like shaped head portion (5') into the looped textile layer (4) which forms the useful surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, nichtgewebten, textilen Flächengebildes gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und ein mehrschichtiges, nichtgewebtes, textiles Flächengebilde gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruches 10.The invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric according to the preamble of claim 1 and a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric according to the preamble of claim 10.

Ein solches bekanntes Verfahren und das gattungsgemäße Flächengebilde sind aus der DE-A-2.452.136 bekannt. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, nichtgewebten, textilen Flächengebildes mit einer getufteten und zusätzlich strukturierten Gebrauchsoberfläche aus einer Unterschicht, einer im Ausgangszustand glatten, geschlossene oder offene Florschlingen tragenden Trägerschicht, sowie einer beim fertigen Erzeugnis strukturierten bzw. gemusterten Schlingenflorschicht, welche die Gebrauchsoberfläche bildet, bei dem man von der rückwärtigen Oberfläche der Trägerschicht her Fasern aus der Unterschicht mindestens teilweise durch diese Trägerschicht hindurchnadelt, werden Einzelfasern aus der Unterschicht in freie Räume, diese voll ausfüllend, einer getufteten, ein ausgesprochen niedriges Florgewicht aufweisenden Schlingenflorschicht des Flächengebildes hineingenadelt. Um eine vollflächige Bedeckung der Oberseite des Flächengebildes zu erreichen und um der Schlingenflorschicht trotz des niedrigen Florgewichtes eine ausreichende Stabilität zu geben, ist eine intensive und starke Vernadelung erforderlich, bei der eine große Menge von Einzelfasern zum vollständigen Ausfüllen in die freien Räume hineingenadelt werden müssen, was zu einem Produkt mit einheitlicher Oberfläche führt.Such a known method and the generic fabric are known from DE-A-2,452,136. In the known method for producing a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric with a tufted and additionally structured usage surface from an underlayer, a carrier layer which is smooth, closed or open pile loops in the initial state, and a loop pile layer which is structured or patterned in the finished product, which the usage surface forms, in which fibers from the underlayer are at least partially needled through this backing layer from the rear surface of the backing layer, individual fibers from the underlayer are needled into free spaces, filling them completely, a tufted, extremely low pile weight loop pile layer of the fabric. In order to achieve full coverage of the top of the fabric and to give the loop pile layer sufficient stability despite the low pile weight, intensive and strong needling is required, in which a large amount of individual fibers have to be needled into the free spaces to completely fill them. which leads to a product with a uniform surface.

Bei diesem bekannten textilen Flächengebilde sind die Musterungsmöglichkeiten auf die Eigenschaften vernadelter, offen hervorstehender Einzelfasern beschränkt, die der Schlingenflorschicht, wie dies dort gewünscht wird, das Aussehen eines Tip-sheared-Artikels bzw. eines offenpoligen Artikels mit gleichmäßiger Struktur geben.In this known textile fabric, the patterning options are limited to the properties of needled, openly projecting individual fibers, which, as is desired there, give the loop pile layer the appearance of a tip-sheared article or an open-pole article with a uniform structure.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Herstellungsverfahren für ein textiles Flächengebilde der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welches ein beliebiges oder gezieltes Ergänzen der Schlingenflorschicht mit Fasermaterial zulassen und mit dem ein textiles Flächengebilde erhalten werden soll, das beliebige Muster und/oder Strukturen aufweisen kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic production method for a textile fabric of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows any or targeted supplementing of the loop pile layer with fiber material and with which a textile fabric is to be obtained which has any patterns and / or structures can have.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Unterschicht aus kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilden aus sphärisch verwickelten Fasern oder enthält solche, wobei nun mindestens ein Teil dieser kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde unter Veränderung ihrer ursprünglichen Gestalt so durch die Trägerschicht genadelt werden, daß sie sich mit ihrem kugelartig ausgebildeten Kopfteil in die die Gebrauchsoberfläche bildende Schlingenflorschicht erstrecken.This object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1. According to the invention, the lower layer consists of spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures made of spherically entangled fibers or contains such, whereby at least some of these spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are needled through the carrier layer, changing their original shape, in such a way that their spherical head part is in extend the loop pile layer forming the surface of use.

Aus den beiden EP-Veröffentlichungen 0.013.428 und 0.013.427 sind kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde aus sphärisch verwickelten Fasern und Fäden bekannt, die dort allgemein als Kugelgarne bezeichnet werden. Zur näheren Erläuterung wird deshalb auf diese beiden EP-Veröffentlichungen verwiesen. Diese Kugelgarne werden gemäß den bekannten Veröffentlichungen dadurch miteinander oder mit einer Trägerschicht verbunden, daß einzelne Haltefasern den Kugelgarnen entnommen werden und in andere Kugelgarne bzw. in die Trägerschicht eingebracht werden (aktiv vernadelt) oder daß der Trägerschicht entnommene Haltefasern in diese Kugelgarne eingebracht werden (passiv vernadelt).From the two EP publications 0.013.428 and 0.013.427, spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures made of spherically entangled fibers and threads are known, which are generally referred to there as spherical yarns. For a more detailed explanation, reference is therefore made to these two EP publications. According to the known publications, these ball yarns are connected to one another or to a carrier layer in that individual holding fibers are removed from the ball yarns and introduced into other ball yarns or in the carrier layer (actively needling) or that holding fibers removed from the carrier layer are introduced into these ball yarns (passive needled).

Es hat sich nun überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß auch kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde aus sphärisch verwickelten Fasern oder Fäden durch eine Trägerschicht hindurch in eine polhaltige, getuftete Schlingenflorschicht eingebracht werden können, um diesselbe zu ergänzen. Infolge der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde kann daher mit bereits geringerem Aufwand an Fasermaterial die Schlingenflorschicht mit demselben auf- oder ausgefüllt werden. Es wird damit ein mehrschichtiges, nichtgewebtes, textiles Flächengebilde mit einer von der Trägerschicht getragenen, getufteten, polhaltigen Schlingenflorschicht geschaffen, wobei die Unterschicht aus kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilden besteht oder solche enthält und mindestens ein Teil dieser kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde mit anderer Gestalt so durch die Trägerschicht hindurchgenadelt vorliegen, daß sie sich mit ihrem kugelartig ausgebildeten Kopfteil in die die Gebrauchsoberfläche bildende Schlingenflorschicht erstrecken.It has now surprisingly been found that spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures made of spherically entangled fibers or threads can also be introduced through a carrier layer into a pile-containing, tufted loop pile layer in order to supplement the same. As a result of the spherical to worm-like fiber structures, the loop pile layer can therefore be filled with or filled with the same with little expenditure of fiber material. This creates a multi-layer, non-woven, textile fabric with a tufted, pile-containing loop pile layer supported by the carrier layer, the lower layer consisting of or containing spherical to worm-like fiber structures and at least some of these spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures with a different shape needled through the carrier layer so that they extend with their spherical head part into the loop pile layer forming the surface of use.

Es sind nun beliebige Möglichkeiten für die Strukturierung und/oder Musterung des textilen Flächengebildes geschaffen, da die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde beliebig oder in gewünschter, d. h., gezielter Weise zur Bemusterung oder Strukturierung verteilt in der Schlingenflorschicht vorliegen können.There are now any options for structuring and / or patterning the textile fabric, since the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are arbitrary or in the desired, i.e. that is, can be present in a targeted manner for patterning or structuring in the loop pile layer.

Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde können auf beliebige Weise in die Schlingenflorschicht durch die Trägerschicht hindurch genadelt werden, wodurch ein besonders einfaches Verfahren zur Herstellung verwendet werden kann.The spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures can be needled in any way into the loop pile layer through the carrier layer, as a result of which a particularly simple method can be used for the production.

Die Tatsache, daß die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde durch die Trägerschicht hindurchgehen, hängt von der Beschaffenheit, wie der Dichte der Fasergebilde und der Faserart ab, so daß sie ohne größere Beschädigung oder Zerstörung durch die Trägerschicht, z. B. durch Öffnungen in derselben, hindurchgeschoben oder hindurchgezwängt werden können. In vorteilhafterweise besitzen die Fasergebilde daher eine hohe Dichte der Fasern in denselben. Es können Kugelgarne mit einer Dichte der Fasern oder Fäden von 0,3 bis 1 g/cm2 vorliegen. Die Fasergebilde können bis an die Oberseite der Schlingenflorschicht oder über dieselbe hinaus genadelt werden. Sie können aber auch nur bis in die Schlingenflorschicht hinein, z. B. in deren freie Räume, genadelt sein und zwischen den Schlingen eines getufteten Polgarns vorliegen, aus welchen die Schlingenflorschicht hergestellt sein kann. Das Polgarn kann dabei offene oder geschlossene Polschlingen aufweisen. Die Schlingenflorschicht kann je nach ihrer Gestaltung die freien Räume bereits enthalten ; es können aber auch erst beim Einbringen der Fasergebilde in die Schlingenflorschicht, z. B. unter Verdrängen von Polschlingen, Räume ausgebildet sein.The fact that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures pass through the carrier layer depends on the nature, such as the density of the fiber structures and the type of fiber, so that they can be easily damaged or destroyed by the carrier layer, e.g. B. through openings in the same, pushed through or can be forced through. The fiber structures therefore advantageously have a high density of the fibers in them. Ball yarns with a density of the fibers or threads of 0.3 to 1 g / cm 2 can be present. The fiber structures can be needled to the top of the loop pile layer or beyond it. But you can also only in the loop pile layer z. B. in their free spaces, needled and present between the loops of a tufted pile yarn, from which the loop pile layer can be made. The pile yarn can have open or closed pile loops. Depending on its design, the loop pile layer can already contain the free spaces; but it can also only when the fiber structures are introduced into the loop pile layer, e.g. B. rooms with displacement of pole loops.

Die polhaltige Schlingenflorschicht kann durch Tuften von Polgarn, Rascheln oder Wirken, d. h. durch Verfahren hergestellt sein, die Pole oder Schlingen, z. B. Polschlingen oder velourartige Oberflächen, liefern können und worunter auch nachfolgend die polhaltige, getuftete Schlingenflorschicht zu verstehen ist.The pile-containing loop pile layer can be tufted by pile yarn, rustling or knitting, i. H. be made by methods that have poles or loops, e.g. B. pile loops or velor-like surfaces, and what is to be understood below also means the pile-containing, tufted loop pile layer.

Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde können derart vernadelt werden daß sie z. B. mit einem Teil in der Unterschicht und/oder der Trägerschicht verblieben sind und dort verankert vorliegen. Beim Durchschieben, z. B. beim Vernadeln, der Fasergebilde durch die Trägerschicht verändert sich ihre Gestalt gegenüber den in der Unterschicht verbliebenen Fasergebilden, sodaß die Fasergebilde in der Schlingenflorschicht eine Gestalt aufweisen, die sich von derjenigen unterscheidet, wie sie in der Unterschicht ursprünglich vorlag.The spherical to worm-like fiber structures can be needled in such a way that they are, for. B. have remained with a part in the lower layer and / or the carrier layer and are anchored there. When pushing, e.g. B. when needling, the fiber structures through the carrier layer changes their shape compared to the remaining in the lower layer fiber structures, so that the fiber structures in the loop pile layer have a shape that differs from that as it was originally in the lower layer.

Die Fasergebilde können mit einem « Schwanz oder mit einem Faserbüschel noch in der Unterschicht und/oder der Trägerschicht verankert verblieben sein. Werden kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde aus der Unterschicht in die Schlingenflorschicht hineingenadelt, so kann die Kugelgestalt beim Hindurchzwängen durch die Trägerschicht derart verändert sein, daß in der Schlingenflorschicht ein z. B. birnenförmiges Fasergebilde vorliegt, das mit seinem verjüngten Teil noch in der Trägerschicht und/oder der Unterschicht verblieben ist.The fiber structures can still remain anchored in the lower layer and / or the carrier layer with a tail or with a tuft of fibers. If spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are needled from the lower layer into the loop pile layer, the spherical shape can be changed as it is forced through the carrier layer in such a way that a z. B. pear-shaped fiber structure is present, which remains with its tapered part in the carrier layer and / or the lower layer.

Es kann eine Schlingenflorschicht erreicht werden, bei der neben Polgarn ein Fasermaterial anderer Gestalt in Form der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde vorliegt. Hierdurch sind vielseitige Musterungs- und Strukturierungsmöglichkeiten erzielbar, insbesondere, wenn die hindurchgenadelten Fasergebilde eine andere Farbe aufweisen, als die getufteten Pole, oder selbst von verschiedener Farbe sind. Es können im wesentlichen alle in der Unterschicht befindlichen Fasergebilde oder nur einige durch die Trägerschicht hindurchgenadelt sein, so daß sich auch hierdurch verschiedene Möglichkeiten für eine Musterung und/oder Strukturierung ergeben können.A loop pile layer can be achieved in which, in addition to pile yarn, a fiber material of a different shape is present in the form of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures. This enables a variety of patterning and structuring possibilities to be achieved, in particular if the fiber structures needled through have a different color than the tufted poles, or are themselves of a different color. Essentially all of the fiber structures in the lower layer or only a few can be needled through the carrier layer, so that different possibilities for patterning and / or structuring can also result from this.

Es kann von einem bereits fertig getufteten Produkt mit der polhaltigen Schlingenflorschicht ausgegangen und in dieses die Fasergebilde eingebracht werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, in aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsgängen die polhaltige Schlingenflorschicht durch Tuften eines Polgarnes in die Trägerschicht, z. B. in ein Grundgewebe oder einen Faserverbundstoff, herzustellen und dann insbesondere unmittelbar anschließend die Fasergebilde auf die Trägerschicht aufzubringen und dann durch diesselbe hindurchzunadeln. Vorzugsweise werden die Fasergebilde vor dem Vernadeln miteinander unverbunden auf die Trägerschicht aufgelegt und dann vernadelt. Die Fasergebilde können natürliche und/oder synthetische Fasern oder Fäden, wie Multifilamente oder gesponnene Garne, enthalten.It can be assumed that the product has already been tufted with the pile pile layer containing the poles and the fiber structures can be introduced into it. But it is also possible in successive operations, the pile-containing loop pile layer by tufting a pile yarn in the carrier layer, for. B. in a base fabric or a fiber composite, and then in particular immediately afterwards to apply the fiber structures to the carrier layer and then to needle through the same. Before the needling, the fiber structures are preferably placed unconnected on the carrier layer and then needled. The fiber structures can contain natural and / or synthetic fibers or threads, such as multifilaments or spun yarns.

Die getuftete Schlingenflorschicht kann ein Polgewicht von 100 bis 1 500 g/M 2, vorzugsweise von 300 bis 600 g/m2 aufweisen und es können 20000 bis 120 000, vorzugsweise 30 000 bis 90000 Polschlingen/m2 vorliegen. Die Fasergebilde können mit einer Vernadelungsdichte vernadelt werden, die vorzugsweise größer als die Anzahl der Polschlingen/M2 und damit der Polchichte in der Schlingenflorschicht sein und 5 bis 50 Einstiche/cM 2 betragen kann. Die Fasergebilde können eine Dicke in mindestens einer Richtung ihrer Ausdehnung aufweisen, die mindestens 1 mm beträgt. So können die Kugelgarne eine Dicke von 1 bis 25 mm besitzen. Wenn erforderlich, kann die Unterschicht in vorteilhafter Weise als übliche Rückenschicht für das Flächengebilde dienen. Sie kann nach der Vernadelung der Fasergebilde in üblicher Weise durch ein Bindemittel, z. B. Latex, verfestigt werden.The tufted loop pile layer can have a pile weight of 100 to 1500 g / M 2 , preferably 300 to 600 g / m 2 , and there can be 20,000 to 120,000, preferably 30,000 to 90,000 pile loops / m 2 . The fiber structures can be needled with a needling density which is preferably greater than the number of pile loops / M 2 and thus the pile layer in the loop pile layer and can be 5 to 50 punctures / c M 2 . The fiber structures can have a thickness in at least one direction of their expansion, which is at least 1 mm. The ball yarns can have a thickness of 1 to 25 mm. If necessary, the underlayer can advantageously serve as the usual backing layer for the fabric. You can after needling the fiber structures in the usual way by a binder, for. B. latex, solidified.

Das erfindungsgemäße textile Flächengebilde kann ein Boden- oder Wandbelagmaterial oder ein Dekorationsstoff sein. Es kann ein Tuftingschlingenteppich aus z. B. Endlosfilamenten als das Polgarn vorliegen, bei dem die Fasergebilde in der vorgenannten Form oder Gestalt zwischen den Polschlingen vorliegen können. Hierdurch ist es möglich, mit den Fasergebilden, z. B. aus natürlichem Fasermaterial, einen Tuftingteppich zu erzielen, bei dem nicht nur eine farbliche Musterung durch die Fasergebilde erreicht, sondern auch der Kunststoffcharakter der Tuftingschlingen gebrochen sein kann. So können Tuftingteppiche mit Noppeneffekten an der Oberseite hergestellt werden. Die Fasergebilde können an der Oberseite über die Polschlingen auch hervorstehen, so daß eine Hoch-Tief-Struktur erzielt werden kann. Muster können durch musterförmiges Auflegen der Fasergebilde, z. B. der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde, vorgegeben werden. Es können aber auch Muster durch lockeres Tuften erreicht werden, d. h., die Polgarnschlingen können mit geringer Dichte bzw. mit geringem Gewicht in die Trägerschicht eingebracht werden und die Fasergebilde in der Schlingenflorschicht, z. B. durch Ausfüllen von freien Räumen derselben, dann ein Muster hervorrufen. Derartige Möglichkeiten zur Musterung sind in der EP-Veröffentlichung 0.055.362 beschrieben, weshalb an dieser Stelle auf dieselbe zur näheren Erläuterung verwiesen wird. Die Polgarnschlingen können auch bereits musterförmig in die Trägerschicht eingebracht sein und die durch das Muster entstandenen freien Räume durch die Fasergebilde ausgefüllt werden. In der Unterschicht können die Fasergebilde alleine oder auch gemischt mit Fasermaterial anderer Gestalt vorliegen.The textile fabric according to the invention can be a floor or wall covering material or a decorative fabric. It can be a tufted loop pile carpet made of e.g. B. Continuous filaments are present as the pile yarn, in which the fiber structures can be present in the aforementioned shape or form between the pile loops. This makes it possible to use the fiber structures, eg. B. from natural fiber material to achieve a tufted carpet, in which not only a color pattern achieved by the fiber structure, but also the plastic character of the tufted loops can be broken. In this way, tufted carpets with pimpled effects can be made on the top. The fiber structures can also protrude above the pile loops so that a high-low structure can be achieved. Patterns can be created by patterning the fiber structures, e.g. B. the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures can be specified. However, patterns can also be achieved by loose tufting, ie the pile yarn loops can be introduced into the carrier layer with low density or with low weight and the fiber structures in the loop pile layer, e.g. B. by filling in of free spaces, then create a pattern. Such options for patterning are described in EP publication 0.055.362, which is why reference is made to the same at this point for a more detailed explanation. The pile yarn loops can also be introduced into the carrier layer in the form of a pattern and the free spaces created by the pattern can be filled by the fiber structures. The fiber structures can be present in the underlayer alone or else mixed with fiber material of another shape.

In überraschender Weise kann nach der Erfindung eine z. B. gleichförmige Struktur von Multifilamenten als das Polgarn durch die eingenadelten, kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde z. B. in eine Ware mit Noppencharakter umgewandelt sein, die das Aussehen einer sehr kostspielig hergestellten Streichgarnware aufweisen kann. Insbesondere können bei Vorliegen von glatten Polgarnen durch die eingebrachten Fasergebilde z. B. Flammen- oder auch andere Effekte hervorgerufen werden. Dieses ist bekanntlich z. B. mit kostspieligen gesponnenen Noppengarnen erzielbar, die jedoch beim Tuften infolge Abreißens an den Noppen zu störenden Produktionsunterbrüchen führen können. Durch das nachträgliche Einbringen der Fasergebilde kann jedoch von einem glatten, getufteten Polgarn ausgegangen werden, das wegen Fehlens von Noppen weniger störanfällig getuftet werden kann. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann daher eine glatte getuftete Ware nachträglich in gewünschter Weise beliebig strukturiert oder gemustert, z. B. mit Noppen versehen, werden, die in Form der Fasergebilde vorliegen können. Durch die Fasergebilde können die Polschlingen auch ausreichend abgestütz und gegen ein Umknicken geschützt werden. Die Polschlingen können anstatt vertikal aber auch horizontal oder im wesentlichen horizontal umgebogen sein. Hierdurch können zusätzlich Musterungen hervorgerufen werden. In der Unterschicht können auch kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde gemischt mit Fadenstücken vorliegen, so daß nach dem Vernadein in der Schlingenflorschicht ein Gemisch von kugelwurmförmigen Fasergebilden und Fadenstücken vorliegen kann. Hierdurch können weitere Musterungsmöglichkeiten erreicht werden.Surprisingly, a z. B. uniform structure of multifilaments as the pile yarn through the needled, spherical to worm-like fiber structures z. B. be converted into a product with a pimpled character, which can have the appearance of a very expensive manufactured carded yarn. In particular, in the presence of smooth pile yarns through the introduced fiber structures such. B. flame or other effects. This is known, for. B. achievable with expensive spun pimpled yarns, which, however, can lead to disruptive production interruptions when tufting due to tearing off the pimples. The subsequent introduction of the fiber structures can be assumed to be a smooth, tufted pile yarn, which can be tufted less prone to failure due to the lack of knobs. With the method according to the invention, a smooth tufted product can subsequently be structured or patterned in the desired manner, e.g. B. provided with knobs, which may be in the form of the fiber structure. Due to the fiber structure, the pile loops can also be adequately supported and protected against twisting. The pole loops can be bent horizontally or essentially horizontally instead of vertically. This can cause additional patterns. Spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures mixed with thread pieces can also be present in the lower layer, so that after vernadein in the loop pile layer, a mixture of spherical worm-shaped fiber structures and thread pieces can be present. This allows further patterning options to be achieved.

Das Vernadeln der Flächengebilde kann auf üblichen Vernadelungsmaschinen und mit üblichen Vernadelungsnadeln erfolgen, die ein Ergreifen der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde zulassen, wie z. B. Filznadeln oder Nadeln mit Widerhaken.The needling of the flat structures can be carried out on conventional needling machines and with conventional needling needles, which allow the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures to be gripped, such as, for. B. felting needles or barbed needles.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung in Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen je ein mehrschichtiges, nichtgewebtes, textiles Flächengebilde in schematischer Darstellung im Schnitt.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing in exemplary embodiments. Figures 1 and 2 each show a multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric in a schematic representation in section.

Bei einem ersten mehrschichtigen, nichtgewebten, textilen Flächengebilde 1 gemäß Figur 1 ist ein Polgarn 2 in eine Trägerschicht 3 getuftet, so daß von der Oberseite 3' derselben Polschlingen hervorstehen und somit eine polhaltige Schlingenflorschicht 4 vorliegt. An der Unterseite der Trägerschicht 3 befinden sich Basisschlingen, über die die Polschlingen zusammenhängen. Durch Vernadeln sind kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde 5 aus der Unterschicht 6 in die Schlingenflorschicht 4 eingebracht, in welcher sie als kugel- bis wurmförmige, aus der Untersicht 6 stammende Fasergebilde 5 vorliegen. Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 enthalten sphärisch verwickelte Fasern, wie es z. B. in den beiden EP-Veröffentlichungen 0.013.427 und 0.013.428 beschrieben ist. Beim Vernadeln von der Unterschicht 6 her werden die einzelnen kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5, z. B. paketartig, erfaßt und durch die Trägerschicht 3 hindurchgestoßen bzw. hindurchgezwängt, wobei sie mehr oder weniger zusammengequetscht werden. Sie können durch Öffnungen (nicht gezeigt) in der Trägerschicht 3 hindurchgenadelt werden, die z. B. durch Nadeln beim Vernadelungsvorgang erzeugt werden. Besteht die Trägerschicht 3 aus einem Grundgewebe, so können in demselben vorliegende Öffnungen ausreichend sein. Dieses hängt z. B. von der Größe oder Dicke der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 oder der Intensität oder Art der Vernadelung ab.In the case of a first multilayer, non-woven, textile fabric 1 according to FIG. 1, a pile yarn 2 is tufted into a carrier layer 3, so that the same pile loops protrude from the upper side 3 'and thus a pile pile layer 4 containing poles is present. There are base loops on the underside of the carrier layer 3, via which the pile loops are connected. Needling brings spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 from the lower layer 6 into the loop pile layer 4, in which they are present as spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 originating from the lower view 6. The spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 contain spherically entangled fibers, as z. B. is described in the two EP publications 0.013.427 and 0.013.428. When needling from the lower layer 6, the individual spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5, for. B. packet-like, detected and pushed or forced through the carrier layer 3, wherein they are more or less squeezed together. They can be needled through openings (not shown) in the carrier layer 3, which, for. B. generated by needling during the needling process. If the carrier layer 3 consists of a base fabric, openings in the same may be sufficient. This depends e.g. B. from the size or thickness of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5 or the intensity or type of needling.

Beim Hindurchzwängen durch die Trägerschicht 3 werden die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 gegenüber ihrer ursprünglichen Gestalt in der Unterschicht 6 mehr oder weniger schlanker und daher in ihrer Gestalt geändert. Sie können sich jedoch nach dem Hindurchtreten durch die Trägerschicht 3 wieder mehr oder weniger ausweiten, so daß die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 in der Schlingenflorschicht 4 mit einem kugelartigen, ihrer ursprünglichen Gestalt im wesentlichen entsprechenden Kopfteil 5' vorliegen. Infolge des Hindurchzwängens ist ein schmalerer, z. B. schwanz- oder halsartiger, Teil 5" am kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 verblieben, der sich in die Trägerschicht 3 und die Unterschicht 6 erstreckt, so daß die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 dort verankert und damit befestigt sind. Der schmalere Teil 5" kann auch nur aus einigen Fasern der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 bestehen, so daß die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 in der Schlingenflorschicht 4 im wesentlichen die gleiche ursprüngliche Gestalt 5 haben und als solche bezeichnet werden können. Je nach Stärke bzw. Art der Vernadelung können die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 mit ihrem Teil 5" auch nur in der Trägerschicht 3 verbleiben und dort verankert sein. Infolge der hindurchgenadelten kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 ist die Unterschicht 6 an denselben verarmt, so daß dort weniger kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde 5 als vor dem Hindurchnadeln vorliegen. Je nach Vernadelung, die durch einfaches Einstechen von Nadeln in die Unterschicht 6 von deren Rückseite erfolgt, können aber auch alle oder im wesentlichen alle ursprünglichen in der Unterschicht 6 befindlichen kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 in die Schlingenflorschicht 4 hineingenadelt sein (nicht gezeigt). Dieses hängt von der Art der Vernadelung, der Größe und Art der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 oder der geschaffenen Öffnungen in der Trägerschicht 3 ab.When it is forced through the carrier layer 3, the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 become more or less slimmer than their original shape in the lower layer 6 and therefore their shape is changed. However, after passing through the carrier layer 3, they can expand again more or less, so that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are present in the loop pile layer 4 with a spherical head part 5 'which essentially corresponds to their original shape. As a result of the squeezing, a narrower, e.g. B. tail or neck-like, part 5 "on the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5, which extends into the carrier layer 3 and the lower layer 6, so that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are anchored there and thus fastened. The narrower part 5 "can also consist of only a few fibers of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5, so that the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 in the loop pile layer 4 have essentially the same original shape 5 and can be referred to as such. Depending on the strength or type of needling, the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 with their part 5 "can only remain in the carrier layer 3 and be anchored there. As a result of the needled spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5, the lower layer 6 is depleted on them. so that there are fewer spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 than before needling through, but depending on the needling, which is done by simply inserting needles into the underlayer 6 from the rear, all or essentially all of the original ones can be found in the underlayer 6 be spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 into the loop pile layer 4 (not shown). This depends on the type of needling, the size and type of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5 or the openings created in the carrier layer 3.

Durch die aus der Unterschicht 6 stammenden kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5, die sich aus derselben heraus in die Schlingenflorschicht 4 erstrecken, kann das Flächengebilde mit einer strukturierten oder auch gemusterten Oberseite geschaffen werden und eine unruhige Oberfläche aufweisen. Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 können als die Unterschicht 6 musterförmig aufgelegt und vollflächig vernadelt oder vollflächig aufgelegt und z. B. streifenförmig vernadelt werden. Ein Teil der hindurchgenadelten kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 liegt z. B. zwischen den Polschlingen vor, während andere bis an oder auf die Oberseite gelangt sein können. Zum Anordnen der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 an der Unterseite sind dieselben in der Unterschicht 6 in ein Fasermaterial 7 eingebettet.Due to the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 originating from the lower layer 6, which extend out of the same into the loop pile layer 4, the flat structure can be created with a structured or also patterned upper side and have an uneven surface. The spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 can be placed in a pattern-like manner as the lower layer 6 and needled over the entire surface or laid over the entire surface and z. B. needled in strips. Part of the needled spherical to worm-shaped fiber structure 5 is z. B. between the pole loops, while others may have reached or on the top. To arrange the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 on the underside, they are embedded in a fiber material 7 in the lower layer 6.

Bei einem textilen Flächengebilde 1 gemäß Figur 2 liegen wiederum Polschlingen und Basisschlingen eines Polgarnes 2 vor, das in eine Trägerschicht 3 getuftet ist. Aus einer Unterschicht 6 erstrecken sich Fasergebilde wiederum in Form von kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilden 5 aus sphärisch verwickelten Fasern durch die Trägerschicht 3 hindurch, bis an eine Oberseite der Schlingenflorschicht 4. Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde sind wiederum zum Anordnen in der Unterschicht 6 in ein Fasermaterial 7 eingebettet. Die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 sind durch Nadeln aus der Unterschicht 6 in die Schlingenflorschicht 4 eingebracht, wobei sich ihre Form bzw. Gestalt gegenüber in der Unterschicht 6 verbliebenen kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 geändert hat, wie es im vorstehenden Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben wurde. Mit einem Kopfteil 5' füllen die kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 die Schlingenflorschicht 4 bzw. Räume in derselben aus, die entweder zwischen den Polschlingen des Polgarns 2 vorliegen oder durch Verdrängen derselben beim Nadeln entanden sein können (nicht gezeigt). Mit einem gegenüber dem Kopfteil 5' dünneren oder schmaleren Teil 5" befinden sich die deformierten kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 noch in der Unterschicht 6, in der noch unvernadelte kugel- bis wurmförmige Fasergebilde 5 vorliegen. Eine Mehrzahl der kugel- bis wurmförmigen Fasergebilde 5 ragt mit dem Kopfteil 5' über die Polschlingen des Polgarns 2 hinaus, so daß an der Oberseite des Flächengebildes 1 eine ausgeprägte Hoch-Tief-Struktur gebildet ist.In the case of a textile fabric 1 according to FIG. 2, there are again pile loops and base loops of a pile yarn 2 which is tufted into a carrier layer 3. From a lower layer 6, fiber structures in turn in the form of spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 made of spherically entangled fibers extend through the carrier layer 3 to an upper side of the loop pile layer 4. The spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures are in turn to be arranged in the lower layer 6 in a fiber material 7 embedded. The spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are introduced into the loop pile layer 4 by needles from the lower layer 6, their shape or shape having changed compared to the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 remaining in the lower layer 6, as was described in the previous exemplary embodiment. With a head part 5 ', the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 fill the loop pile layer 4 or spaces in it, which either exist between the pile loops of the pile yarn 2 or may have been removed during the needling by displacing them (not shown). With a part 5 ″ that is thinner or narrower than the head part 5 ′, the deformed spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 are still in the lower layer 6, in which there are still needleless spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5. A majority of the spherical to worm-shaped fiber structures 5 protrudes with the head part 5 'over the pile loops of the pile yarn 2, so that a pronounced high-low structure is formed on the top of the fabric 1.

Zur übersichtlichen Darstellung sind in den Figuren 1 und 2 die Polschlingen des Polgarns 2 und die Fasergebilde 5 in schematischer Weise dargestellt. Tatsächlich können sie andere Abstände voneinander oder Abmesungen aufweisen und z. B. dichter angeordnet oder enger sein.For a clear representation, the pile loops of the pile yarn 2 and the fiber structures 5 are shown in a schematic manner in FIGS. In fact, they may have different distances or dimensions and e.g. B. arranged closer or closer.

Claims (14)

1. Process for manufacturing a multi-layer non-woven textile sheet material (1) with a tufted and additionally structured useful surface, comprising an under-layer (6), a carrier layer (3) which is smooth in its starting condition and carries closed or open textile loops, and a looped textile layer (4) which is structured or patterned in the finished product and which forms the useful surface, in which threads from the under-layer (6) are needled from the rear surface of the carrier layer (3) at least partially through this carrier layer (3), characterised in that the under-layer (6) comprises, or contains, ball-like or vermicular fibre bodies (5) of spherically wound fibres, and that at least some of these ball-like or vermicular fibre bodies (5) are needled through the carrier layer (3) with a change in their original form in such a way that they extend with their ball-like shaped head portion (5') into the looped textile layer (4) which forms the useful surface.
2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through openings in the carrier layer (3).
3. Process according to claim 2, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through to the upper surface of the looped textile layer (4).
4. Process according to claim 3, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are applied to the carrier layer (3) in the form of a pattern and needled through.
5. Process according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, in successive working steps, the pile- containing looped textile layer (4) is formed by tufting a pile yarn (2) into a base fabric forming a carrier layer (3) and the fibre bodies (5) are applied to the base fabric (3) and needled through.
6. Process according to claim 2 or 5, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through the carrier layer (3) into a pattern-shaped tufted pile yarn (2) of the looped textile layer (4).
7. Process according to claim 2, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through into free spaces in the looped textile layer (4).
8. Process according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through the carrier layer (3) with a needling density greater than the pile density in the looped textile layer (4).
9. Process according to one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are needled through at from 5 to 50 needles per cm2.
10. Multi-layer non-woven textile sheet material (1) with a tufted and additionally structured useful surface, produced by the process according to one of claims 1 to 9 from an under-layer (6) a carrier layer (3) carrying closed or open textile loops, and a structured or patterned looped textile layer (4) which forms the useful surface, in which fibres are present, needled through from the rear face of the carrier layer (3) out of the under-layer (6) at least partially through this carrier layer (3), characterised in that the under-layer (6) comprises or contains ball-shaped or vermicular fibre bodies (5) of spherically wound fibres and that at least some of these ball-shaped or vermicular fibre bodies (5) are present in a form needled through the carrier layer (3) having a different form such that their head portion (5'), formed of ball-shape, extends into the looped textile layer (4) forming the useful surface.
11. Textile sheet material according to claim 10, characterised in that the said fibre bodies (5) are present in the looped textile layer (4) between the closed or open pile loops.
12. Textile sheet material according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that at least some of the fibre bodies (5) are present at or on the upper face of the looped textile layer (4).
13. Textile sheet material according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the fibre bodies (5) are present with a portion (5") anchored in the under-layer (6) and/or the carrier layer (3).
14. Textile sheet material according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the pile loops are present in patterned form.
EP81108908A 1980-12-23 1981-10-26 Process for manufacturing a non woven textile sheet, and the non woven textile sheet Expired EP0054686B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108908T ATE11578T1 (en) 1980-12-23 1981-10-26 METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF NON-WOVEN TEXTILE SHEET AND NON-WOVEN TEXTILE SHEET.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH950680A CH637516B (en) 1980-12-23 1980-12-23 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MULTI-LAYER, NON-WOVEN, TEXTILE FABRIC, AND MULTI-LAYER, NON-WOVEN, TEXTILE FABRIC.
CH9506/80 1980-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0054686A1 EP0054686A1 (en) 1982-06-30
EP0054686B1 true EP0054686B1 (en) 1985-01-30

Family

ID=4352716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108908A Expired EP0054686B1 (en) 1980-12-23 1981-10-26 Process for manufacturing a non woven textile sheet, and the non woven textile sheet

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0054686B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE11578T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1165990A (en)
CH (1) CH637516B (en)
DE (1) DE3168673D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3616297A1 (en) * 1986-05-14 1987-11-19 Lentia Gmbh BATH MAT
EP0539942A1 (en) * 1991-10-28 1993-05-05 J. Hardoncourt Trepagnier Loop pile fabric
EP2883988B1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2016-04-13 BFS Europe NV Artificial turf for landscape and sports
US10190267B2 (en) 2013-12-13 2019-01-29 Bfs Europe Nv Artificial turf for landscape and sports
US10370799B2 (en) 2013-12-13 2019-08-06 Dfs Europe Nv Tufted structure for landscape and sports
CN113293541B (en) * 2021-06-15 2025-03-25 湖州冠炯机电科技有限公司 A multifunctional device capable of conveying beads and gold sheets

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2452136A1 (en) * 1974-11-02 1976-05-06 Pegulan Werke Ag Light, tufted carpet prodn. - from light pile and needling of backing with pile yarn fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH637516GA3 (en) 1983-08-15
ATE11578T1 (en) 1985-02-15
CH637516B (en)
CA1165990A (en) 1984-04-24
EP0054686A1 (en) 1982-06-30
DE3168673D1 (en) 1985-03-14

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