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EP0025114A1 - Method and device for extruding a mixture of plant particles and binding agents - Google Patents

Method and device for extruding a mixture of plant particles and binding agents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025114A1
EP0025114A1 EP80104538A EP80104538A EP0025114A1 EP 0025114 A1 EP0025114 A1 EP 0025114A1 EP 80104538 A EP80104538 A EP 80104538A EP 80104538 A EP80104538 A EP 80104538A EP 0025114 A1 EP0025114 A1 EP 0025114A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
piston
channel
mixture
extrusion
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Granted
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EP80104538A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0025114B1 (en
Inventor
Anton Heggenstaller
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Priority to AT80104538T priority Critical patent/ATE4103T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods and devices for the extrusion of a mixture of small plant parts and binders, in which the mixture introduced into the filling space of a piston cold extrusion press through a channel which determines the cross-sectional shape of the strand into and through an optionally provided with evasive wall sections , Hardening duct is guided in the compressed state.
  • the curing can be effected by heating, high-frequency exposure or the like. Details of such processes are known from DE-OSes 22 53 121, 25 35 989 and 25 54 280. In these methods carried out in practice, cold extrusion presses have been used which have a relatively short stroke of, for example, 150 mm, a relatively high frequency, for. B.
  • the structure of the strands produced in this way has an almost uniform orientation of the chips approximately parallel or in a convex stratification to the pressing surface of the strong press piston. Such strands break under bending stress parallel to this layering of the chips. Attempts have now been made to deform the chips in the not yet hardened state in a direction which is essentially perpendicular to the surface of the strand in order to harden the strand only afterwards. Such a teaching intended for particle board production can be found in DE-OS 17 03 414. This deformation of the chips was believed to be achieved by inserting the press ram into a stepped cylinder.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for extruding binder-containing vegetable small parts, with which it is possible to orient the chips from the parallel or convex to the pressing surface in an over the entire cross section of the strand to increase the To change the strength of the direction, at least to an intensely matted state.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the strength of an extruded object is higher, the less the individual chips remain in the predominantly parallel position to the extruded surface which is customary in known methods.
  • this task was solved in that the mixture was set in a flowing movement by means of an extended compression path during the compression.
  • the batch compresses in a ratio of about 2: 1 to 4: 1, preferably 3: 1, and / or if the batch has a feed rate of the extrusion piston of about 0.04 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.05 m / sec, is compacted and / or if the strand is produced with a weight of 350 to 850 kg / m 3 , preferably 400 to 600 kg / m 3 .
  • Another essential area of application for the strands produced according to the invention is the processing into pallet blocks which fulfill all the conditions desired by the user, in particular resistance to breakage, impact resistance, shear strength, hardness and toughness of the lateral surface, adhesive properties and nailability of the end face, and weather resistance. Since the strands according to the invention have a lower weight than known, the technological advantages mentioned also come with the considerable weight savings and therefore cost reduction.
  • the stroke of the plunger with approximately 400 to 800 mm, in particular 600 mm, and the feed speed of the plunger with 0.02 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.05 m / sec.
  • the piston in the PreBbub is expediently driven at a predominantly continuous feed rate, for which hydraulic controls are particularly suitable.
  • a further improvement of the invention is achieved in that the pressing surface of the piston in the central region is set back in relation to the peripheral region and is additionally corrugated in profile, it being advisable to design the pressing surface of the piston to be corrugated along the circumference and to reduce the individual shaft in the direction of the cross-section Let the center of the press surface run.
  • the cross-sectional design of the molding and curing channel also has a favorable influence, it being assumed that a cooled molding channel and then a heated curing channel are provided subsequent to an extrusion filling chamber.
  • the invention teaches that the outlet cross section of the molded channel is larger than its inlet cross section, but smaller than the inlet cross section of the first section of the curing channel, which is spaced a short distance therefrom, and that the curing channel at the end of this first section has an outlet cross section which is enlarged to the finished dimension of the strand .
  • the first section of the curing channel and the molded channel have rigidly arranged channel walls, whereas the subsequent curing channel in a manner known per se with wall sections supported in an evasive manner during the press feed is provided.
  • a not insignificant influence on the particular success of the invention is also the use of an older, not previously Public teaching according to the German patent application P 28 10 071.1 1 in a modified form, according to which it is proposed to form the top of the cylinder of a cold extrusion press with a reciprocatingly guided slide having a passage opening, which is the outlet opening of a batch feed container located above closes and opens. While in the proposed teaching the slide is moved back and forth only once per pressing operation, the invention proposes to carry out this movement at least twice, preferably three times, on each pressing stroke. In this way, on the one hand, a more even filling of the filling space is achieved, avoiding the formation of voids, and better venting of the air present in the cylinder.
  • this measure contributes significantly to making the degree of matting of the chips adjustable over the entire circumference.
  • the mixture of small plant parts and binders is brought into a filling space 3 through a feed container 1, the outlet opening of the feed container 1 being closed by a slide 2 which is lifted device 6 according to FIG. 2 can be moved back and forth.
  • a passage opening 5 located in the slide 2 coincides during this reciprocating movement to the outlet opening of the feed container 1 and allows the batch to fall into a filling space 3.
  • the slide 2 is moved back and forth several times, preferably three times, before each press stroke, which is carried out by a plunger 4, a better and more homogeneous filling of the precipitation volume 3 is achieved, and at the same time the venting of the filling volume 3 is also promoted.
  • the number of slide movements enables the degree of matting of the chips in the pressed strand to be influenced.
  • the stroke of the slide 2 is preferably dimensioned such that the passage opening 5 comes to lie at the end of each stroke outside the cross-sectional area of the filling chamber 3 or the outlet opening of the feed container 1.
  • the piston 4 has a stroke which is substantially increased compared to previously known embodiments, for example in the order of magnitude of 600 mm. It pushes the batch accumulated in the filling chamber 3 into a molding channel 7 which is designed to be cooled in the exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the inlet cross-section 10 of this shaped channel 7 is smaller than its outlet cross-section 1.
  • the length of the molded channel 7 is between 200 and 800 mm, while the increase in the outlet cross section 11 measured in one dimension is approximately between 0.5 and 4 mm greater than that of the inlet cross section 10.
  • a first section 8 of the curing channel adjoins the molding channel 7 at a certain distance, which is represented by the gap 15.
  • the width of this gap can be, for example, 3 to 5 mm. Since the first section 8 of the curing channel is heated, this gap 15 requires thermal insulation for the cooled one Form channel 7. Section 8 can also be heated with high frequency.
  • the inlet cross section 12 of the section 8 is in turn larger than the outlet cross section 11 of the molded channel 7. In one example, the magnification measured in one dimension is approximately 0.4 mm compared to the outlet cross section 11.
  • the first section 8 can have a length of approximately 1,500 mm.
  • the outlet cross section 13 of this section 8 has a larger clear width than the inlet cross section 12.
  • the difference between the two cross sections 12, 13, measured in one dimension, can be between 0.4 and 5 mm in the example. Only with this outlet cross section 13 is the finished dimension cross section for the strand to be formed.
  • the subsequent curing channel 9 then has the same size in its cross section as the outlet cross section 13.
  • the molded channel 7 and the first section 8 of the hearing channel are formed from preferably stationary channel walls, the actual curing channel 9 can have wall sections arranged in an evasive manner, as are disclosed, for example, in DE-05 25 35 989.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show how the end face 17 of an extrusion piston 4 can expediently be designed.
  • the piston 4 has a central bore 16. Accordingly, the piston is guided on a stationary rod which passes through the cylinder 3 in a manner not shown. In this way it is possible to strand also get a continuous hole.
  • the end face 17 of the piston 4 has raised and recessed areas 18, 19 which, in the exemplary embodiment, radiate from the edge of the piston towards the central area.
  • the central region of the piston is designed to be set back from the edge region.
  • the raised areas 18 have the greater width at the edge of the piston and taper towards the central area of the piston. The same is provided for the recessed areas 19. In this way, a meshing of the mass being compressed with the mass already compacted is brought about.
  • the chips in a certain flow flow flow experience a movement component directed transversely to the extrusion direction, which promotes the process of entangling the chips with one another.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but also extends to all other variants which, with knowledge of the object according to the invention, are suitable for solving them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)

Abstract

A method of and apparatus for the cold extrusion of a mixture of plant particles and a binder, especially for the production of load-bearing beams and similar shaped bodies in which the plant particles are wood chips or the like, utilizes a plunger, ram or piston for displacement of the mixture into the extrusion passages (in which hardening can occur) under conditions such that the material flows during compaction and is compressed with a densification ratio of 2:1 to 4:1 (preferably 3:1), a plunger stroke of 400 to 800 mm (preferably 600 mm) and a velocity of the plunger between 0.04 and 1.5 meters per second (preferably 0.06 meters per second).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Strangpressen eines Gemenges aus pflanzlichen Kleinteilen und Bindemitteln, bei dem das in den Füll-raum einer Kolben-Kaltstrangpresse eingeführte Gemenge durch einen die Querschnittsform des Stranges bestimmenden Kanal in und durch einen gegebenenfalls mit ausweichfähigen Wandabschnitten versehenen, Aushärtekanal in verdichtetem Zustand geführt wird. Die Aushärtung kann durch Beheizung, Hochfrequenz-Einwirkung o. dgl. bewirkt werden. Einzelheiten solcher Verfahren sind aus den DE-OSen 22 53 121, 25 35 989 und 25 54 280 bekannt. Bei diesen in der Praxis ausgeführten Verfahren hat man Kaltstrangpressen eingesetzt, die einen verhältnismäßig kurzen Hub von z.B. 150 mm, eine verhältnismäßig hohe Frequenz z. B. 100 bis 120 Hübe/min und demgemäß eine sehr hohe Verdichtung von z.B. 10:1 besitzen. Ähnliche Werte sind in derStrangp ress-Herstellung von Spanplatten üblich.Der auf diese Weise herstellbare Strang weist eine sehr hohe Dichte und demgemäß ein sehr großes spezifisches Gewicht auf. Um die Dichte zu reduzieren und kontrollierbar einzustellen, wendet man in der Praxis ein Verfahren noch der DE-OS 25 35 989 an, bei dem Wandabschnitte des Aushärtekanals während des Preßhubes geringfügig ausweichen. Auf diese Weise wird die Reibung während des Strangvorschubes wesentlich vermindert. Außerdem wird der Strang beim Rückwärtshub des Preßkolbens in eingespannten Zustand belassen, was zur Folge hat, daß die Abbindung der einzelnen Späne nicht so sehr durch pulsierende Kräfte gestört wird.The invention relates to methods and devices for the extrusion of a mixture of small plant parts and binders, in which the mixture introduced into the filling space of a piston cold extrusion press through a channel which determines the cross-sectional shape of the strand into and through an optionally provided with evasive wall sections , Hardening duct is guided in the compressed state. The curing can be effected by heating, high-frequency exposure or the like. Details of such processes are known from DE-OSes 22 53 121, 25 35 989 and 25 54 280. In these methods carried out in practice, cold extrusion presses have been used which have a relatively short stroke of, for example, 150 mm, a relatively high frequency, for. B. 100 to 120 strokes / min and accordingly have a very high compression of 10: 1, for example. Similar values are common in the extrusion production of chipboard. The extrudate that can be produced in this way has a very high density and accordingly a very high specific weight. In order to reduce the density and adjust it in a controllable manner, a method according to DE-OS 25 35 989 is still used in practice, in which wall sections of the hardening channel dodge slightly during the press stroke. In this way, the friction during the strand feed is significantly reduced. In addition, the strand is left in the clamped state during the backward stroke of the plunger, with the result that the binding of the individual chips is not so disturbed by pulsating forces.

Die Struktur der auf diese Weise hergestellten Stränge weist eine nahezu gleichförmige Ausrichtung der Späne etwa parallel oder in konvexer Schichtung zur Preßfläche des Strongpreßkolbens auf. Solche Stränge brechen unter Biegebelastung parallel zu dieser Schichtung der Späne. Man hat nun versuchte die Späne im noch nicht ausgehärteten Zustand zusätzlich in einer Richtung zu verformen, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Oberfläche des Stranges liegt, um erst danach den Strang auszuhärten. Eine solche für Spanplatten-Herstellung bestimmte Lehre ist der DE-OS 17 03 414 entnehmbar. Diese Verformung der Späne glaubte man dadurch erreichen zu können, daß der Preßstempel in einen stufenförmig verengten Zylinder eingeführt wird. Die gleiche Tendenz beobachtet man aber auch, wenn der Zylinder keine solche stufenförmige Verengung aufweist,und zwar deswegen, weil bei dem kurzen Hub des Preßstempels und der hohen Reibung des Stranges am Form- bzw. Aushärtekanal sich im peripheren Bereich des Stranges ein größerer Widerstand als im mittleren Bereich einstellt. Stränge mit solchen peripher gekrümmt verlaufenden Spänen haben keine wesentlich höhere Festigkeit gegen Biegebeanspruchung. Ihre Bruchfläche weist eine Kalottenform auf.The structure of the strands produced in this way has an almost uniform orientation of the chips approximately parallel or in a convex stratification to the pressing surface of the strong press piston. Such strands break under bending stress parallel to this layering of the chips. Attempts have now been made to deform the chips in the not yet hardened state in a direction which is essentially perpendicular to the surface of the strand in order to harden the strand only afterwards. Such a teaching intended for particle board production can be found in DE-OS 17 03 414. This deformation of the chips was believed to be achieved by inserting the press ram into a stepped cylinder. The same tendency can also be observed if the cylinder does not have such a step-like constriction, because the short stroke of the ram and the high friction of the strand on the forming or curing channel create a greater resistance in the peripheral region of the strand than in the middle range. Strands with such peripherally curved chips do not have much higher strength against bending stress. Their fracture surface has a spherical shape.

Andere Maßnahmen zur Beeinflussung der Spöneschichtung und Verteilung im Strang sind bisher unbekannt geblieben.Other measures to influence the stratification and distribution in the strand have so far remained unknown.

Mit der Erfindung wird die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren zum Strangpressen von mit Bindemitteln versetzten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen aufzuzeigen, mit dem es möglich ist, die Orientierung der Späne aus der parallel oder konvex zur Preßfläche befindlichen Lage in eine über den gesamten Querschnitt des Stranges zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit anders gerichtete Lage, mindestens in einen intensiv verfilzten Zustand, zu überführen.The invention has for its object to provide a method for extruding binder-containing vegetable small parts, with which it is possible to orient the chips from the parallel or convex to the pressing surface in an over the entire cross section of the strand to increase the To change the strength of the direction, at least to an intensely matted state.

Die Erfindung geht von der Erkenntnis aus, daß die Festigkeit eines stranggepreßten Gegenstandes um so höher ist je weniger die einzelnen Späne in der bei bekannten Verfahren üblichen vorwiegend parallelen Lage zur Strangpreßfläche verbleiben.The invention is based on the knowledge that the strength of an extruded object is higher, the less the individual chips remain in the predominantly parallel position to the extruded surface which is customary in known methods.

Diese Aufgabe konnte Übernaschenderweise dadurch gelöst werden, daß das Gemenge mittels eines verlängerten Verdichtungsweges während des Verdichtens in eine fließende Bewegung versetzt wird. Darüberhinaus ergeben sich weitere Verbesserungen nach der Erfindung dann, wenn das Gemenge im Verhältnis von etwa 2:1 bis 4:1 vorzugsweise 3:1, verdichtet oder/und wenn das Gemenge mit einer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des StrangpreBkolbens von etwa 0,04 bis 1,5 m/sek, vorzugsweise 0,05 m/sek, verdichtet wird oder/und wenn der Strang mit einer Wichte von 350 bis 850kg/m3, vorzugsweise 400 bis 600 kg/m3, hergestellt wird.Surprisingly, this task was solved in that the mixture was set in a flowing movement by means of an extended compression path during the compression. In addition, there are further improvements according to the invention if the batch compresses in a ratio of about 2: 1 to 4: 1, preferably 3: 1, and / or if the batch has a feed rate of the extrusion piston of about 0.04 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.05 m / sec, is compacted and / or if the strand is produced with a weight of 350 to 850 kg / m 3 , preferably 400 to 600 kg / m 3 .

Es konnte überraschenderweise festgestellt werden, daß sich die Orientierung der Späne im Strang ganz wesentlich ändert, wenn der Hub des Preßkolbens gegenüber bekannten Ausführungen erheblich verlängert und die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Kolbens maßgeblich reduziert wird. Der verlängerte Hub des Preßkolbens führt offenbar dazu, daß sich die einzelnen ursprünglich willkür_lich im Füllraum angesammelten Späne auf dem Verdichtungsweg in eine mehr parallel oder schräg zur Strangrichtung befindlichen Lage orientieren können und jedenfalls in keiner Weise vom Preßstempel in eine auch nur angenäherte parallele Lage zu seiner Preßfläche gezwungen werden. Zufolge der reduzierten Vorschubgeschwindigkeit entsteht auch eine geringere Dichte des Stronges, die eigentümlicherweise in Verbindung mit der erzielbaren Gefügestruktur eine wesentlich höhere Festigkeit des fertigen Stranges als bei vergleichbaren bekannten Strängen erzielen läßt. Fachleute hatten erwartet, daß die Festigkeit eines Stranges umso geringer wird, je größer der Strangquerschnitt, insbesondere bei Balken- oder Stabprofilen, bemeseen ist. Wissenschaftliche Messungen haben aber ergeben, daß noch dem Verfahren der Erfindung eine um dreissig Prozent höhere Festigkeit als bei der herkömmlichen Spanplattenherstellung erzielt werden konnte.It was surprisingly found that the orientation of the chips in the strand changes very significantly if the stroke of the plunger is considerably extended compared to known designs and the feed speed of the piston is significantly reduced. The extended stroke of the plunger apparently leads to the fact that the individual chips originally originally randomly accumulated in the filling chamber can orientate themselves on the compression path into a position which is more parallel or oblique to the direction of the strand and in any case in no way from the ram to an even approximate parallel position to it Press surface to be forced. As a result of the reduced feed rate, there is also a lower density of the starch, which, in combination with the structural structure that can be achieved, peculiarly results in a much higher strength of the finished strand than in comparable known ones Strands can be achieved. Experts had expected that the strength of a strand would decrease the larger the strand cross-section, especially in the case of beam or bar profiles. Scientific measurements have shown, however, that the method of the invention was able to achieve a thirty percent higher strength than in conventional chipboard production.

Diese Festigkeitssteigerung hat es möglich gemacht, nach der Erfindung hergestellte Stränge für die Anfertigung von trogfähigen Balken einzusetzen, indem diese Stränge an einander gegenüberliegenden oder an allen Seiten mit Naturholzschichten oder dgl. verleimt werden.This increase in strength has made it possible to use strands produced according to the invention for the production of trough-capable beams by gluing these strands on opposite sides or on all sides with natural wood layers or the like.

Ein anderes wesentliches Anwendungsgebiet für die nach der Erfindung hergestellten Stränge ist die Verarbeitung zu Palettenklötzen, die alle vom Verwender gewünschten Bedingungen insbesondere Bruchun- empfindlichkeit, Stoßfestigkeit, Abscherfestigkeit Härte und Zähigkeit der Mantelfläche, Verklebungseigenschaft und Nagelfähigkeit der Stirnfläche sowie Witterungsbeständigkeit erfüllen. Da die erfindungsgemäßen Stränge eine gegenüber bekannten geringere Wichte aufweisenden, kommt zu den genannten technologischen Vorteilen auch die erhebliche Gewichtsersparnis und daher Kostenminderung.Another essential area of application for the strands produced according to the invention is the processing into pallet blocks which fulfill all the conditions desired by the user, in particular resistance to breakage, impact resistance, shear strength, hardness and toughness of the lateral surface, adhesive properties and nailability of the end face, and weather resistance. Since the strands according to the invention have a lower weight than known, the technological advantages mentioned also come with the considerable weight savings and therefore cost reduction.

In der Praxis hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, den Hub des Preßkolbens mit ca 400 bis 800mm, insbesondere 600 mm und die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Kolbens mit 0,02 bis 1,5 m/sek vorzugsweise 0,05 m/sek zu bemessen. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Kolben im PreBbub mit einer überwiegend kontinuierlichvorschubgeschwindigkeit angetrieben, wozu sich hydraulische Steuerungen besonders eignen. Es hat sich aber auch als vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit stufenweise zu verändern, indem bei Beginn des Preßhubes mit einer höheren Vorschubgeschwindigkeit als im Endbereich gearbeitet wird. Die Umschaltung auf die langsamere Stufe kann beispielsweise bei 4/5 des Preßhubes liegen.In practice, it has proven to be advantageous to measure the stroke of the plunger with approximately 400 to 800 mm, in particular 600 mm, and the feed speed of the plunger with 0.02 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.05 m / sec. The piston in the PreBbub is expediently driven at a predominantly continuous feed rate, for which hydraulic controls are particularly suitable. However, it has also proven to be advantageous to change the feed rate in stages by working at a higher feed rate than in the end region at the start of the press stroke. Switching to the slower level can be, for example, 4/5 of the press stroke.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Erfindung wird dadurch erreicht, daß die Preßfläche des Kolbensim Mittelbereich gegenüber dem peripheren Bereich zurückversetzt ausgebildet und zusätzlich gewellt profiliert ist, wobei es sich empfiehlt, die Preßfläche des Kolbe entlang des Umfanges gewellt auszubilden und die einzelne Welle unter Querschnittsverminderung in Richtung zur Preßflöchenmitte verlaufen zu lassen.A further improvement of the invention is achieved in that the pressing surface of the piston in the central region is set back in relation to the peripheral region and is additionally corrugated in profile, it being advisable to design the pressing surface of the piston to be corrugated along the circumference and to reduce the individual shaft in the direction of the cross-section Let the center of the press surface run.

Diese Maßnahme hat nicht nur den Vorteil, daß die aneinander zur Anlage kommenden Preßschichten uneben, d.h. miteinander verzahnt sind. Es konnte vielmehr beobachtet werden, daß durch diese Profilierung der Preßfläche derFließvorgang der Späne während des Verdichtungsweges begünstigt wird, indem die Späne eine von der ursprünglichen Preßrichtung seitlich abweichende Komponente erfahren. Der Verfilzungsvorgang wird dadurch gesteigert.This measure not only has the advantage that the pressing layers that come into contact with one another are uneven, that is, they are interlocked with one another. It could be observed rather that by this profile of the pressing surface of the chips during the derFließvorgang Verdichtun g sweges is favored by the chips experience a laterally deviating from the pressing direction of the original component. This increases the matting process.

Einen günstigen Einfluß hat auch die Querschnittsgestaltung des Form- und Aushärtekanals, wobei davon ausgegangen wird, daß im Anschluß an einen Strangpreß füllraum ein gekühlter Formkanal und daran anschließend ein beheizter Aushärtekanal vorgesehen sind. Hierzu lehrt die Erfindung, daß der Austrittsquerschnitt des Formkanals größer als dessen Eintrittsquerschnitt, aber kleiner als der mit geringem Abstand davon distanzierte Eintrittsquerschnitt des ersten Abschnittes des Aushärtekanals ist und daß der Aushärtekanal am Ende dieses ersten Abschnittes einen bis auf das Fertigmaß des Stranges erweiterten Austrittsquerschnitt aufweist. Der erste Abschnitt des Aushärtekanals sowie der Formkanal besitzen nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung starr angeordnete Kanalwände, wohingegen der sich anschließende Aushärtekanal in an sich bekannter Weise mit beim Preßvorschub ausweichfähig abgestützten Wandabschnitten versehen ist.The cross-sectional design of the molding and curing channel also has a favorable influence, it being assumed that a cooled molding channel and then a heated curing channel are provided subsequent to an extrusion filling chamber. For this purpose, the invention teaches that the outlet cross section of the molded channel is larger than its inlet cross section, but smaller than the inlet cross section of the first section of the curing channel, which is spaced a short distance therefrom, and that the curing channel at the end of this first section has an outlet cross section which is enlarged to the finished dimension of the strand . According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first section of the curing channel and the molded channel have rigidly arranged channel walls, whereas the subsequent curing channel in a manner known per se with wall sections supported in an evasive manner during the press feed is provided.

Mit einer solchen Anordnung des Form- und Aushärtekanals wird nicht nur, wie beim Stand der Technik nach der DE-OS 25 35 989, die gewünschte Dichte des Stronges beherrscht sondern außerdem der nach der hauptsächlichen Lehre der Erfindung gewünschte Fluß der Späne während des Verdichtungsvorganges gefördert. Mit der erfindungsgemaßen Querschnittgestaltung der Kanäle wird das Gegenteil von der Lehre nach der DE-OS 17 03 414 herbeigeführt, indem die peripheren Späne nicht etwa - wie beim Stand der Technik- parallel zur Mantelfläche des Stranges umgebogen werden. Die Struktur der Späne und ihre Orientierung bleibt beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hinsichtlich der gegenseitigen Verfilzung praktisch über den gesamten Querschnitt erhalten, wobei lediglich beobachtet werden kann, daß die Späne im peripheren Bereich nicht umgebogen sondern eher parallel über ihre ganze Länge zur Mantelfläche ausgerichtet sind.With such an arrangement of the shaping and curing channel, not only, as in the prior art according to DE-OS 25 35 989, the desired density of the starch is mastered, but also the flow of the chips desired according to the main teaching of the invention is promoted during the compression process . With the cross-sectional design of the channels according to the invention, the opposite of the teaching according to DE-OS 17 03 414 is brought about in that the peripheral chips are not bent parallel to the lateral surface of the strand, as in the prior art. The structure of the chips and their orientation in the process according to the invention are practically preserved over the entire cross-section with respect to the mutual matting, wherein it can only be observed that the chips are not bent in the peripheral area but rather are aligned parallel over their entire length to the lateral surface.

Biegeversuche mit den erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Strängen haben überraschende Bruchlinien gezeigt, die nicht etwa senkrecht zur Mantelfläche oder entlang einer konkaven bzw. kalottenförmigen Fläche verlaufen sondern ganz unvorhergesehen sich im spitzen Winkel zur Stranglängsachse erstrecken. Aus den Bruchlinien kann man deutlich erkennen, daß sich die erhöhte Festigkeit der erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Stränge aus der höheren Beanspruchbarkeit der einzelnen Späne und ihrer gegenseitigen Verklebung zufolge ihrer Verfilzung und teilweisen Längsorientierung, parallel zur Strangrichtung, ergibt.Bending tests with the strands produced according to the invention have shown surprising fracture lines which do not run approximately perpendicular to the lateral surface or along a concave or dome-shaped surface, but rather unexpectedly extend at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the strand. From the break lines it can be clearly seen that the increased strength of the strands produced according to the invention results from the higher strength of the individual chips and their mutual bonding due to their matting and partial longitudinal orientation, parallel to the strand direction.

Einfnicht unwesentlichen Einfluß auf den besonderen Erfolg der Erfindung hat auch die Anwendung einer älteren, nicht vorver- öffentlichen Lehre nach der deutschen Patentanmeldung P 28 10 071.1 1 in einer modifizierten Form, wonach vorgeschlagen wird, die Oberseite des Zylinders einer Kaltstrangpresse mit einem hin- und herbewegbar geführten, eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweisenden Schieber zu bilden, der die Austrittsöffnung eines darüber befindlichen Gemenge-Zuführbehälters schließt und öffnet. Während bei der vorgeschlagenen Lehre der Schieber je Preßvorgang nur einmal hin- und herbewegt wird, schlägt die Erfindung vor, diese Bewegung bei jedem Preßhub mindestens zweimal, vorzugsweise dreimal, auszufuhren. Auf diese Weise erreicht man einerseits eine gleichmäßigere Befüllung des Füllraumes unter Vermeidung von Lunkerbildungen sowie ein besseres Entlüften der im Zylinder vorhandenen Luft. Andererseits trägt diese Maßnahme wesentlich dazu bei, den Grad der Verfilzung der Späne über den gesamten Umfang einstellbar zu machen. Je mehr Schieberbewegungen je Kolbenhub stattfinden, desto intensiver wird die Verfilzung. Wenn es erwünscht ist, den Grad der Verfilzung zu reduzieren, dann genügt in Kombination mit der Lehre des Hauptanspruches nur eine einzige hin-und hergehende Schieberbewegung.A not insignificant influence on the particular success of the invention is also the use of an older, not previously Public teaching according to the German patent application P 28 10 071.1 1 in a modified form, according to which it is proposed to form the top of the cylinder of a cold extrusion press with a reciprocatingly guided slide having a passage opening, which is the outlet opening of a batch feed container located above closes and opens. While in the proposed teaching the slide is moved back and forth only once per pressing operation, the invention proposes to carry out this movement at least twice, preferably three times, on each pressing stroke. In this way, on the one hand, a more even filling of the filling space is achieved, avoiding the formation of voids, and better venting of the air present in the cylinder. On the other hand, this measure contributes significantly to making the degree of matting of the chips adjustable over the entire circumference. The more slide movements take place per piston stroke, the more intense the matting becomes. If it is desired to reduce the degree of matting, then in combination with the teaching of the main claim, only a single reciprocating slide movement is sufficient.

Diese und weitere Einzelheiten sind in der Zeichnung schematisch und beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine Strangpreßvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2: einen Querschnitt nach der Linie II-II gemäß Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3: eine Stirnansicht auf einen Strangpreßkolben und
  • Fig. 4: einen Längsschnitt durch den Strangpreßkolben entlang der Linie IV - IV gemäß Fig. 3.
These and other details are shown schematically and for example in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1: a schematic longitudinal section through an extrusion device,
  • 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3: an end view of an extrusion piston and
  • 4: a longitudinal section through the extrusion piston along the line IV - IV according to FIG. 3.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 wird das Gemenge aus pflanzlichen Kleinteilen und Bindemitteln durch einen Zuführbehälter 1 in einen Füllraum 3 gebracht, wobei die Austrittsöffnung des Zuführbehälters 1 durch einen Schieber 2 verschlossen ist, der mittels einer Hubeinrichtung 6 gemäß Fig. 2 hin- und herbewegbar ist. Eine im Schieber 2 befindliche Durchtrittsöffnung 5 kommt während dieser Hin-und Herbewegung zur Austrittsöffnung des Zuführbehälters 1 in Deckungsgleichheit und erlaubt es, das Gemenge in einen Füllraum 3 fallen zu lassen.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the mixture of small plant parts and binders is brought into a filling space 3 through a feed container 1, the outlet opening of the feed container 1 being closed by a slide 2 which is lifted device 6 according to FIG. 2 can be moved back and forth. A passage opening 5 located in the slide 2 coincides during this reciprocating movement to the outlet opening of the feed container 1 and allows the batch to fall into a filling space 3.

Wenn man den Schieber 2 vor jedem Preßhub, der durch einen Preßkolben 4 ausgeführt wird, mehrfach, vorzugsweise dreimal, hin- und herbewegt, erreicht man eine bessere und homogenere Befüllung des Fällroumes 3, wobei zugleich auch die Entlüftung des Füllroumes 3 begüestigt wird. Außerdem erhält man durch die Anzahl der Schieberbewegungen eine Beeinflußbarkeit des Verfilzungs-Grades der Späne im gepreßten Strang. Der Hub des Schiebers 2 ist vorzugsweise so bemessen, daß die Durchtrittsöffnung 5 am Ende jedes Hubes außerhalb des Querschnittsbereiches des Füllraumes 3 bzw. der Austrittsöffnung des Zuführbehälters 1 zu liegen kommt.If the slide 2 is moved back and forth several times, preferably three times, before each press stroke, which is carried out by a plunger 4, a better and more homogeneous filling of the precipitation volume 3 is achieved, and at the same time the venting of the filling volume 3 is also promoted. In addition, the number of slide movements enables the degree of matting of the chips in the pressed strand to be influenced. The stroke of the slide 2 is preferably dimensioned such that the passage opening 5 comes to lie at the end of each stroke outside the cross-sectional area of the filling chamber 3 or the outlet opening of the feed container 1.

Der Kolben 4 weist einen gegenüber vorbekannten Ausfühungsformen wesentlich vergrößerten Hub, beispielsweise in einer Größenordnung von 600 mm auf. Er schiebt das im Füllraum 3 angesammelte Gemenge in einen Formkanal 7, der beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gekühlt ausgebildet ist. Der Eintrittsquerschnitt 10 dieses Formkanals 7 ist kleiner als dessen Austrittsquerschnitt 1 bemessen. In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt die Länge des Formkanals 7 zwischen 200 und 800mm, während die in einer Dimension gemessene Vergrößerung des Austrittsquerschnittes 11 etwa zwischen 0,5 bis 4 mm größer als diejenige des Eintrittsquerschnitts 10 ist.The piston 4 has a stroke which is substantially increased compared to previously known embodiments, for example in the order of magnitude of 600 mm. It pushes the batch accumulated in the filling chamber 3 into a molding channel 7 which is designed to be cooled in the exemplary embodiment of the invention. The inlet cross-section 10 of this shaped channel 7 is smaller than its outlet cross-section 1. In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the length of the molded channel 7 is between 200 and 800 mm, while the increase in the outlet cross section 11 measured in one dimension is approximately between 0.5 and 4 mm greater than that of the inlet cross section 10.

An deh Formkanal 7 schließt sich ein erster Abschnitt 8 des Aushärtekanals mit einer gewissen Distanz an, die durch den Spalt 15 dargestellt ist. Die Breite dieses Spaltes kann beispielsweise 3 bis 5 mm betragen. Da der erste Abschnitt 8 des Aushartekanals beheizt ist, bedingt dieser Spalt 15 eine thermische Isolierung zum gekühlten Formkanal 7. Der Abschnitt 8 kann auch mit Hochfrequenz durchheizt werden. Der Eintrittsquerschnitt 12 des Abschnittes 8 ist wiederum größer als der Austrittsquerschnitt 11 des Formkanals 7 ausgebildet. Bei einem Beispiel beträgt die in einer Dimension gemessene Vergrößerung etwa 0,4 mm gegenüber dem Austrittsquerschnitt 11.Der erste Abschnitt 8 kann bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel eine Lönge von ca. 1.500 mm besitzen. Am Ende weist der Austrittsquerschnitt 13 dieses Abschnittes 8 eine größere lichte Weite als der Eintrittsquerschnitt 12 auf. Die Differenz zwischen beiden Querschnitten 12,13 kann, in einer Dimension gemessen, beim Beispiel zwischen 0,4 bis 5 mm betragen. Erst mit diesem Austrittsquerschnitt 13 wird der Fertigmaßquerschnitt für den zu bildenden Strang erreicht. Der sich anschließende Aushärtekanal 9 weist dann in seinem Querschnitt die gleiche Größe wie der Austrittsquerschnitt 13 auf. Während aber der Formkanal 7 und der erste Abschnitt 8 des Aushörtekanals aus vorzugsweise ortsfesten Kanalwänden gebildet wird, kann der eigentliche Aushärtekanal 9 ausweichfähig angeordnete Wandabschnitte besitzen, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-05 25 35 989 offenbart sind.A first section 8 of the curing channel adjoins the molding channel 7 at a certain distance, which is represented by the gap 15. The width of this gap can be, for example, 3 to 5 mm. Since the first section 8 of the curing channel is heated, this gap 15 requires thermal insulation for the cooled one Form channel 7. Section 8 can also be heated with high frequency. The inlet cross section 12 of the section 8 is in turn larger than the outlet cross section 11 of the molded channel 7. In one example, the magnification measured in one dimension is approximately 0.4 mm compared to the outlet cross section 11. In this exemplary embodiment, the first section 8 can have a length of approximately 1,500 mm. At the end, the outlet cross section 13 of this section 8 has a larger clear width than the inlet cross section 12. The difference between the two cross sections 12, 13, measured in one dimension, can be between 0.4 and 5 mm in the example. Only with this outlet cross section 13 is the finished dimension cross section for the strand to be formed. The subsequent curing channel 9 then has the same size in its cross section as the outlet cross section 13. However, while the molded channel 7 and the first section 8 of the hearing channel are formed from preferably stationary channel walls, the actual curing channel 9 can have wall sections arranged in an evasive manner, as are disclosed, for example, in DE-05 25 35 989.

Mit dieser in einer nicht unerheblichen Länge sich fortsetzenden konischen oder keilförmigen Erweiterung der Kanäle 7, 8 wird zugleich das Quellvermögen des verdichteten Stranges aufgefangen, ohne daß es zu einer Blockierung des Stranges kommt.With this conical or wedge-shaped widening of the channels 7, 8, which continues to a not inconsiderable length, the swelling capacity of the compacted strand is at the same time absorbed without the strand being blocked.

In den Beispielen der Fig. 3 und 4 ist gezeigt, wie die Stirnfläche 17 eines Strangpreßkolbens 4 zweckmäßigerweise gestaltet werden kann. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel besitzt der Kolben 4 eine zentrische Bohrung 16. Demgemäß ist der Kolben auf einer ortsfesten Stange geführt, die in nicht dargestellter Weise den Zylinder 3 durchsetzt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, im Strang ebenfalls eine durchlaufende Bohrung zu erhalten.The examples in FIGS. 3 and 4 show how the end face 17 of an extrusion piston 4 can expediently be designed. In the embodiment, the piston 4 has a central bore 16. Accordingly, the piston is guided on a stationary rod which passes through the cylinder 3 in a manner not shown. In this way it is possible to strand also get a continuous hole.

Die Stirnfläche 17 des Kolbens 4 weist erhabene und zurückversetzte Bereiche 18, 19 auf, die sich beim Ausführungsbeispiel vom Rand des Kolbens strahlenförmig in Richtung zum Mittelbereich erstrecken. Der Mittelbereich des Kolbens ist gegenüber dem Randbereich zurückversetzt ausgebildet. Die erhabenen Bereiche 18 weisen am Rand des Kolbens die größere Breite auf und verjüngen sich in Richtung zum mittleren Bereich des Kolbens. Das gleiche ist bei den zurückversetzten Bereichen 19 vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise wird eine Verzahnung der in Verdichtung befindlichen Masse mit der bereits verdichteteten Masse herbeigeführt. Zugleich erfahren aber die in einem gewissen Strömungsfluß befindlichen Späne eine quer zur Strangpreßrichtung gerichtete Bewegungskomponente, welche den Verfilzungsvorgang der Späne untereinander fördert.The end face 17 of the piston 4 has raised and recessed areas 18, 19 which, in the exemplary embodiment, radiate from the edge of the piston towards the central area. The central region of the piston is designed to be set back from the edge region. The raised areas 18 have the greater width at the edge of the piston and taper towards the central area of the piston. The same is provided for the recessed areas 19. In this way, a meshing of the mass being compressed with the mass already compacted is brought about. At the same time, however, the chips in a certain flow flow experience a movement component directed transversely to the extrusion direction, which promotes the process of entangling the chips with one another.

Es ist selbstverständlich möglich, die Profilierung der Stirnfläche 17 auch auf andere Weise durchzuführen, indem man beispielsweise konzentrische oder spiDalenförmige Wulste und Vertiefungen vorsieht.It is of course also possible to carry out the profiling of the end face 17 in a different way, for example by providing concentric or spiral-shaped beads and depressions.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele sondern erstreckt sich auch auf alle anderen Varianten, die sich in Kenntnis der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe zu deren Lösung eignen. Im besonderen ist es vorteilhaft, die in der Zeichnung dargestellten oder ähnliche Maßnahmen bei Strangpressen anzuwenden, deren Vorschublänge und -geschwindigkeit von den erfindungsgemäßen Angaben abweichen, damit beispielsweise stärker verdichtete Stränge erhalten werden können.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, but also extends to all other variants which, with knowledge of the object according to the invention, are suitable for solving them. In particular, it is advantageous to use the measures shown in the drawing or similar measures for extrusion presses whose feed length and speed differ from the information according to the invention, so that, for example, more compacted strands can be obtained.

S t ü c k l i s t e :Parts list :

  • 1 Zuführbehälter1 hopper
  • 2 Schieber2 sliders
  • 3 Füllraum3 filling space
  • 4 Kolben4 pistons
  • 5 Durchtrittsöffnung5 passage opening
  • 6 Hubeinrichtung6 lifting device
  • 7 Formkanal7 form channel
  • 8 erster Abschnitt Aushärtekanal8 first section curing channel
  • 9 Aushärtekanal9 curing channel
  • Figure imgb0001
    Figure imgb0001
  • Figure imgb0002
    Figure imgb0002
  • 14 Fertigmaß-Querschnitt14 finished dimension cross-section
  • 15 Spalt15 gap
  • 16 Bohrung16 hole
  • 17 Stirnfläche17 end face
  • Figure imgb0003
    Figure imgb0003

Claims (12)

1) Verfahren zum Strangpressen eines Gemenges aus pflanzlichen Kleinteilen und Bindemittel, bei dem das in den raum einer Kolben-Kaltstrangpresse eingeführte Gemenge durch einen ie Ouerschnittsform des Stranges bestimmenden Kanal in und durch einen gegebenenfalls mit ausweichfähigen Wandabschnitten versehenen Aushärtekanal in verdichtetem Zustand geführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet , doß das Gemenge mittels eines verlängerten Verdichtungsweges während des Verdichtens in eine fließende Bewegung versetzt wird.1) Process for the extrusion of a mixture of small plant parts and binding agents, in which the mixture introduced into the space of a cold piston extrusion press is guided in a compressed state through a duct which determines the cross-sectional shape of the strand and through a hardening duct which may have wall sections which can be replaced characterized, the mixture is put into a flowing movement by means of an extended compression path during the compression. 2) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemenge im Verhältnis von etwa 2:1 bis 4:1, vorzugsweise 3:1, verdichtet wird.2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture is compressed in a ratio of about 2: 1 to 4: 1, preferably 3: 1. 3) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Gemenge mit einer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Strangpreßkolbens von etwa 0,04 bis 1,5 m/sek, vorzugsweise 0,05 m/sek, verdichtet wird.3) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixture is compressed at a feed speed of the extrusion piston of about 0.04 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.05 m / sec. 4) Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Strang mit einer Wichte von 350 bis 850 kg/m3, vorzugsweise 400 bis 600 kg/m3 hergestellt wird.4) Method according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the strand is produced with a weight of 350 to 850 kg / m 3 , preferably 400 to 600 kg / m 3 . 5) Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden, bestehend aus einer Kolben-Kaltstrangpresse mit einem sich daran anschließenden Form- und beheizbaren Aushörtekanal, gekennzeichnet durch die Anordnung eines Langhubkolbens (4) mit einem Hub von ca 400 bis 800 mm, insbesondere 600 mm, der mit einer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit von 0,02 bis 1,5 m/sek, vorzugsweise 0,06 m/sek, angetrieben ist.5) Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or one of the following, consisting of a piston cold extrusion press with an adjoining moldable and heated listening channel, characterized by the arrangement of a long-stroke piston (4) with a stroke of approx. 400 to 800 mm, in particular 600 mm, which with a feed speed of 0.02 to 1.5 m / sec, preferably 0.06 m / sec. 6) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Kolben (4) im Preßhub mit eber überwiegend kontinuierlichen Vorschubgeschwindigkeit angetrieben ist.6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the piston (4) is driven in the press stroke with boar predominantly continuous feed speed. 7) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Kolbens (4) im Preßhub stufenweise veränderbar ist.7) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the feed speed of the piston (4) in the press stroke can be changed in stages. 8) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder folgenden, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß die Preßfläche (17) des Kolbens im Mittel bereich gegenüber dem peripheren Bereich zurückversetzt ausgebildet und zusätz lich gewellt profiliert (18,19) ist.8) Device according to claim 5 or following, characterized in that the pressing surface (17) of the piston is formed in the central region set back from the peripheral region and is additionally profiled wavy (18, 19). 9) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekenzeichnet, daß die Preßfläche (17) des Kolbens (4) entlang des Umfanges gewellt ausgebildet ist und die einzelne Welle (B,19)unter Querschnittsverminderung in Richtung zur Preßflächenmitte verläuft.9) Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the pressing surface (17) of the piston (4) is corrugated along the circumference and the single shaft (B, 19) runs with a reduced cross-section in the direction of the pressing surface center. 10) Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden, bei der im Anschluß an einen Strangpreßfüllraum ein gekühlter Formkanal und daran anschließend ein beheizter Aushärtekanal vorgesehen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Austrittsquerschnitt (11) des Formkanals (7) größer als dessen Eintrittsquerschnitt (10), aber kleiner als der mit geringem Abstand (15) davon distanzierte Eintrittsquerschnitt (12) des ersten Abschnittes (8) des Aushärtekanals ist und daß der Aushärtekanal am Ende dieses ersten Abschnittes (8) einen bis auf das Fertigmaß des Stranges erweiterten Austrittsquerschnitt (13,14) aufweist.10) Device for performing the method according to claim 1 or one of the following, in which a cooled molding channel and then a heated curing channel are provided in connection with an extrusion filling chamber, characterized in that the outlet cross-section (11) of the molding channel (7) is larger than whose inlet cross-section (10), but smaller than the inlet cross-section (12) of the first section (8) of the curing channel, which is distanced from it at a short distance (15), and that the curing channel is at the end of this first Section (8) has an outlet cross section (13, 14) widened to the finished dimension of the strand. 11) Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der erste Abschnitt (8) des Aushärtekanals sowie der Formkanal (7) starr angeordnete Kanalwände aufweisen, wohingegen der sich anschließende Aushärtekanal (9) in an sich bekannter Weise mit beim Preßvorschub ausweichfähig abgestützten Wandabschnitten versehen ist.11) Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the first section (8) of the curing channel and the molding channel (7) have rigidly arranged channel walls, whereas the subsequent curing channel (9) is provided in a manner known per se with wall sections which are supported in the press feed . 12) Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden, bei welcher die Oberseite des Füllraumeseiner Kaltstrangpresse mit einem hin- und herbewegber geführten, eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweisenden Schieber gebildet ist, der die Austrittsöffnung eines darüber befindlichen Gemenge-Zuführbehälters schließt und öffnet, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Schieber (2) vor jedem Preßhub mindestens zweimal, vorzugsweise dreimal, hin- und herbewegt wird.12) Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or one of the following, in which the top of the filling space of a cold extrusion press is formed with a reciprocating slide having a passage opening, which closes and opens the outlet opening of a batch feed container located above it. characterized in that the slide (2) is reciprocated at least twice, preferably three times, before each press stroke.
EP80104538A 1979-08-09 1980-07-31 Method and device for extruding a mixture of plant particles and binding agents Expired EP0025114B1 (en)

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AT80104538T ATE4103T1 (en) 1979-08-09 1980-07-31 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXPRESSING A MIXTURE OF SMALL VEGETABLE PARTS AND BINDING AGENTS.

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DE2932406 1979-08-09
DE2932406A DE2932406C2 (en) 1979-08-09 1979-08-09 Process and devices for extrusion of a mixture on small plant parts and binders

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EP0025114A1 true EP0025114A1 (en) 1981-03-18
EP0025114B1 EP0025114B1 (en) 1983-07-13

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BE1006847A4 (en) * 1991-05-29 1995-01-03 Karl Schedlbauer LOADING DEVICE DOSE OF A MIXTURE OF SMALL FRAGMENTS, INCLUDING PLANT IN THE HOUSE AND FILLING OF COMPRESSION PRESS EXTRUDER OR Beading.

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DE3504190C2 (en) * 1985-02-07 1987-01-22 Anton 8892 Kühbach Heggenstaller Method and device for extruding small parts mixed with binding agents, in particular from plant materials
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DE4301153C1 (en) * 1993-01-18 1994-02-10 Karl Moser Extruded beam of bonded wood particles - contains one-piece core with greater resistance to bending and tension loads inside lengthwise passage
US5435954A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-07-25 Riverwood International Corporation Method for forming articles of reinforced composite material
CA2135267C (en) * 1994-02-10 2008-02-26 Sadao Nishibori Synthetic wood meal, method and apparatus for manufacturing the same; synthetic wood board including the synthetic wood meal, method and apparatus of extrusion molding therefor
JP3658714B2 (en) * 1996-02-09 2005-06-08 アイン興産株式会社 Pattern formation method for woody synthetic board
JP3050156B2 (en) * 1996-05-31 2000-06-12 ヤマハ株式会社 Wood board manufacturing method
US5786000A (en) * 1996-08-28 1998-07-28 Berner; Rolf E. Continuous molding machine with pusher
US5955023A (en) * 1996-11-27 1999-09-21 Callutech, Llc Method of forming composite particle products
AU5037698A (en) * 1997-02-17 1998-08-20 Ricegrowers' Co-Operative Limited Continuous extrusion process using organic waste materials
ATE268252T1 (en) * 1997-10-10 2004-06-15 Werzalit Ag & Co METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS
US5997784A (en) * 1998-01-06 1999-12-07 Karnoski; Wayne Method of manufacture of wood substitute articles
DE29802527U1 (en) * 1998-02-14 1998-11-12 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Filling device for the filling and pressing room of a horizontal extrusion press
DE59914093D1 (en) * 1998-03-25 2007-02-08 Karl Schedlbauer METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A PROFILE MATERIAL
DE29912822U1 (en) 1999-07-22 2000-08-17 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Extrusion press for small plant parts
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DE20018347U1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2001-10-31 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Extrusion press for small vegetable components mixed with binder
US7178308B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2007-02-20 Masonite International Corporation Composite door structure and method of forming a composite door structure
DE202004017536U1 (en) * 2004-11-11 2006-03-16 Anton Heggenstaller Ag Extruder for small vegetable matter mixed with binder
EP1752268A3 (en) * 2005-08-10 2009-01-21 Karl Schedlbauer Process and apparatus for obtaining a equal strand density and for curing strands from plant particles
FI121791B (en) * 2006-01-02 2011-04-15 Metso Paper Inc Method and apparatus for feeding chips to a silo
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DK154812B (en) * 1979-08-09 1988-12-27 Anton Heggenstaller METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STRESS-PRESSING A MIXTURE OF VEGETABLE PARTICLES AND A BINDING AGENT.
BE1006847A4 (en) * 1991-05-29 1995-01-03 Karl Schedlbauer LOADING DEVICE DOSE OF A MIXTURE OF SMALL FRAGMENTS, INCLUDING PLANT IN THE HOUSE AND FILLING OF COMPRESSION PRESS EXTRUDER OR Beading.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8106666A1 (en) 1981-08-01
NO157529C (en) 1988-04-06
CS239909B2 (en) 1986-01-16
DK154812B (en) 1988-12-27
NO802357L (en) 1981-02-10
YU200980A (en) 1983-12-31
ES494108A0 (en) 1981-08-01
IL60788A (en) 1984-02-29
ES8204651A1 (en) 1982-05-01
PL226142A1 (en) 1981-04-10
NO157529B (en) 1987-12-28
FI802463A (en) 1981-02-10
ES499703A0 (en) 1982-05-01
US4358418A (en) 1982-11-09
DK154812C (en) 1989-05-29
RO86675B (en) 1985-05-01
RO86675A (en) 1985-04-17
EP0025114B1 (en) 1983-07-13
FI70683C (en) 1986-10-06
DE2932406A1 (en) 1981-02-12
HU184811B (en) 1984-10-29
CA1158411A (en) 1983-12-13
FI70683B (en) 1986-06-26
PL130213B1 (en) 1984-07-31
DK342680A (en) 1981-02-10
DD152512A5 (en) 1981-12-02
PT71674B (en) 1981-06-29
DE3064128D1 (en) 1983-08-18
DE2932406C2 (en) 1983-06-23
PT71674A (en) 1980-09-01
YU42677B (en) 1988-10-31
ATE4103T1 (en) 1983-07-15

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