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EP0014655B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mahlkörpern aus einer Eisenlegierung - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mahlkörpern aus einer Eisenlegierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014655B1
EP0014655B1 EP80400172A EP80400172A EP0014655B1 EP 0014655 B1 EP0014655 B1 EP 0014655B1 EP 80400172 A EP80400172 A EP 80400172A EP 80400172 A EP80400172 A EP 80400172A EP 0014655 B1 EP0014655 B1 EP 0014655B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaped section
bodies
section
solidification
shaping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80400172A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0014655A1 (de
Inventor
Luc De Charentenay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Acieries Thome Cromback SA
Original Assignee
Acieries Thome Cromback SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acieries Thome Cromback SA filed Critical Acieries Thome Cromback SA
Priority to AT80400172T priority Critical patent/ATE4088T1/de
Publication of EP0014655A1 publication Critical patent/EP0014655A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0014655B1 publication Critical patent/EP0014655B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/20—Disintegrating members
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing grinding bodies made of ferrous alloy containing at least 1% by weight of carbon, with axial symmetry or with a substantially constant section.
  • the invention also relates to the new grinding bodies made of ferrous alloys prepared by this process.
  • cylindrical grinding bodies made of ferrous alloys. These are usually made either by molding, from various ferrous compositions (carbon-manganese steels, cast iron with variable chromium content, etc.), or from a ferrous alloy, laminated and cut, with , in this case, a carbon content limited to 1% by weight.
  • a cylindrical grinding body if it is molded in sand, has a fairly coarse structure, due to the slow cooling associated with this technique. On the other hand, it forces a lot of metal to be melted, from 1.3 to 1.5 times more than the weight of the grinding bodies obtained. It has also been proposed to manufacture such bodies by shell molding; this solution gives a satisfactory structure, but its manufacturing process is discontinuous. In addition, it also forces a quantity of metal greater than the weight of the cylindrical bodies to be melted and it requires complex multiple tools and a protective coating.
  • the cylindrical grinding body is made from continuously rolled profiles or bars, its percentage of carbon cannot exceed 1%, without requiring costly reheating precautions, limited reduction rate, rolling speed slow, etc ...
  • the Applicant has proposed a process for manufacturing grinding bodies forged from white cast iron with a high chromium content. This process includes cutting a bar into pieces, heating these pieces to a first temperature and forging these pieces to a second temperature, in order to refine and break the grains of the metal. These relatively complex operations can be followed by cooling and additional heat treatment. The aim is to obtain high quality products intended to be used for grinding under low abrasion conditions and in a dry environment.
  • FR-A-2 174 969 relates to the production of high tenacity grinding balls, in which fine cementite is dispersed throughout the ball in a concentric, spherical and uniform manner.
  • a hypoeutectic cast iron is cast in the form of a bar, which is then subjected by forging to a hot plastic deformation, which destroys the crystal lattice coming from casting.
  • FR-A-2405749 which belongs to the Applicant, also relates to forged grinding bodies prepared by heating a bar of white cast iron to a first temperature, cutting into pieces of this bar, hot, in the plastic state , heating these plots to a second temperature and forging said plots at this second temperature under conditions suitable for causing the appearance of perlite.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing grinding bodies with high hardness, intended for use in a very abrasive medium and with high humidity, which can be manufactured by an inexpensive process.
  • the invention also aims to propose a method which makes it possible to produce such grinding bodies continuously, with very little loss of metal and with limited energy consumption.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for manufacturing grinding bodies made of ferrous alloy containing at least 1% by weight of carbon, with axial symmetry or with constant section, this process comprising shaping the grinding bodies and a heat treatment, the shaping comprising an operation of solidification in an open ingot mold of a profile resulting from a continuous casting of said alloy, followed by a division of said profile into pieces and the heat treatment being able to give the metal a structure austenitic or martensitic, this process being characterized in that the operation of dividing the profile into pieces constitutes the final operation of shaping the grinding bodies to the exclusion of any plastic deformation thereof, so as to preserve to said bodies the structure with radial crystallization resulting directly from the continuous casting of the profile.
  • the subject of the invention is also grinding bodies of ferrous alloy, with axial symmetry, or with constant section, having a fine structure with substantially constant radial crystallization over their entire length and consisting of an austenitic or martensitic solution comprising carbides of the type M 7 C S and / or M 3 C, obtained by implementing this process.
  • the Applicant has, in fact, established that, due to the rapid cooling inherent in the process for producing a profile or a bar of a ferrous alloy produced in a continuous casting installation, the metal has a fine structure with increasing grain from the external surface of the bar towards the central axis thereof, that is to say precisely the type of structure desirable for grinding bodies, in order to increase their resistance to abrasion.
  • the starting metal profile has by itself an axial symmetry and a constant section perpendicular to its axis, that is to say the type of profile suitable for grinding bodies, which avoids having to shape these.
  • the heat treatment intended to give the metal the desired austenitic or martensitic structure can be applied to the hot bar, rough solidification, prior to the division of the profile into pieces, without interrupting the continuous manufacturing process. We will return in more detail to the energy savings thus achieved, in the remainder of this description.
  • a preferred form of implementation of the method according to the invention therefore consists in applying the desired heat treatment to the metal profile emerging directly from the continuous solidification assembly of the metal.
  • the division of the profile into pieces of the desired length for the grinding bodies can be carried out by any means known in the art (cutting, breaking, cutting, etc.).
  • the grinding bodies obtained by the implementation of the method described above constitute another object of the invention.
  • These grinding bodies with axial symmetry or with constant section (circular, square, hexagonal, octagonal or other), have a fine structure and are composed of a solid austenitic or martensitic solution containing secondary or primary or eutectic carbides of type M 7 C 3 or M a C.
  • said grinding bodies are cylindrical and contain, in% by weight, 1 to 4% of carbon, 0 to 40% of chromium, 0 to 2% of molybdenum, 0.1 2.5% silicon, 0.1-15% manganese, 0-5% vanadium, 0-5% copper and 0-1% magnesium.
  • These grinding substances can also contain elements such as tungsten (0 to 5%), nickel (0 to 5%), boron (0 to 2%), niobium (0 to 2%), tantalum, zirconium , cerium or bismuth.
  • These grinding bodies will have a length of the order of 0.5 to 3 times the average diameter of their section. In other words, the original bar will be cut into pieces of length between 0.5 and 3 times its diameter. It will be noted in this connection that the loss of metal during the manufacturing process is infinite, and of the order of less than 2% in practice, including fusion, which constitutes another notable advantage of the process according to the invention.
  • This example relates to the manufacture of cylindrical grinding bodies with an austenitic structure, by cooling with the aid of air blown from a hot bar, gross of manufacture.
  • This bar leaves the device for continuously solidifying the metal at a temperature of 1100 ° C. and is immediately cooled by passing through a series of rings and air blowing boxes, which lower its temperature to about 100 to 200 ° C.
  • the bar is then cut into pieces at this temperature.
  • the micrographic structure of the resulting grinding bodies consists of an austenitic solid solution containing carbides of the M 7 C 3 type which, on the surface, have a very fine structure.
  • This example concerns the application of the method. according to the invention for the manufacture of grinding bodies with martensitic structure, by partial cooling of a bar after continuous casting to a holding level at a temperature which makes the austenite unstable, followed by quenching at l blown air.
  • Cylindrical grinding bodies are obtained, with a very fine structure at the surface, consisting of a solid martensitic solution comprising primary and secondary carbides of type M 7 C 3 .
  • This example relates, like the previous one, to the application of the process according to the invention to the production of cylindrical grinding bodies with martensitic structure, called “Cylpebs”, but by quenching the bar with water or an air-water mixture for a limited period.
  • This bar exits at a temperature of 1100 ° C. from a continuous solidification installation and its temperature is lowered continuously to 300 ° C. using an air-water mist sprayed under pressure. Then allowed to cool. bar in calm air up to 120 ° C and the cutting into plots is carried out at this temperature. The pieces are cooled down to room temperature at the cash desk.
  • the cylindrical grinding bodies obtained have a fine martensitic structure, from the surface to the core, strewn with carbides of the M s C type.
  • the method of manufacturing grinding bodies according to the invention therefore has considerable advantages over the usual methods of the known technique.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Herstellen von axialsymmetrischen oder querschnittskonstanten Mahlkörpern aus einer mindestens 1 Gew. % Kohlenstoff enthaltenden Eisenlegierung, bei welchem eine Formgebung der Mahlkörper und eine Wärmebehandlung vorgesehen ist, und die Formgebung die Verfestigung eines beim Stranggießen der Legierung erhaltenen Profils in einer offenen Form und die Unterteilung dieses Profiles in Stücke umfaßt und die Wärmebehandlung geeignet ist, dem Metall ein austenitisches oder martensitisches Gefüge zu erteilen,.dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterteilung des Profils in Stücke die 'letzte Stufe der Formgebung der Mahlkörper unter Ausschluß jeder plastischen Verformung derselben solcherart bildet, daß in den Mahlkörpern das beim Stranggießen des Profils unmittelbar erhaltene radiale Kristallationsgefüge erhalten bleibt.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Profil in Stücke unterteilt wird, deren Länge ungefähr gleich ist dem 0,5- bis 3-fachen des Durchmessers des Profils.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwecks Erzielung eines austenitischen Gefüges das warme, noch nicht erstarrte Profil durch direktes Aufblasen von Luft auf das Profil gekühlt wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwecks Erzielung eines martensitischen Gefüges das warme, noch nicht erstarrte Profil auf eine den Austenit instabil machende Temperatur partiell gekühlt, dann eine gewisse Zeit auf dieser Temperatur gehalten und schließlich durch Aufblasen von Luft abgeschreckt wird.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwecks Erzielung eines martensitischen Gefüges das warme, noch nicht erstarrte Profil mit Wasser oder mit einem Gemisch aus Wasser und Luft abgeschreckt wird.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entweder die enthaltenen Mahlkörper oder das Profil nach der Wärmebehandlung angelassen werden bzw. wird.
EP80400172A 1979-02-05 1980-02-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mahlkörpern aus einer Eisenlegierung Expired EP0014655B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80400172T ATE4088T1 (de) 1979-02-05 1980-02-04 Verfahren zur herstellung von mahlkoerpern aus einer eisenlegierung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7902920 1979-02-05
FR7902920A FR2447753A1 (fr) 1979-02-05 1979-02-05 Procede de fabrication de corps broyants a symetrie axiale en alliage ferreux et nouveaux corps broyants obtenus par ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0014655A1 EP0014655A1 (de) 1980-08-20
EP0014655B1 true EP0014655B1 (de) 1983-07-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80400172A Expired EP0014655B1 (de) 1979-02-05 1980-02-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mahlkörpern aus einer Eisenlegierung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0014655B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE4088T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3064071D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2447753A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9222154B2 (en) 2003-05-22 2015-12-29 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Wear resistant cast iron

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FR2541910B1 (fr) * 1983-03-01 1985-06-28 Thome Cromback Acieries Barre de broyage a haute resistance et son procede de fabrication
DE3339550C1 (de) * 1983-11-02 1984-10-25 Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen Verwendung eines Stahles als Werkstoff zur Herstellung von geschmiedeten Mahlkoerpern fuer Kugelmuehlen
US4596282A (en) * 1985-05-09 1986-06-24 Xaloy, Inc. Heat treated high strength bimetallic cylinder
WO1989001987A1 (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-09 Vsesojuzny Gosudarstvenny Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Casting steel
BE1008247A6 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-02-27 Magotteaux Int Aciers a haute teneur en carbone, procede pour leur production et leur utilisation pour des pieces d'usure fabriquees en cet acier.
RU2450888C2 (ru) * 2009-01-28 2012-05-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ступень" Ступень погружного многоступенчатого центробежного насоса и способ ее изготовления
CN101906517B (zh) * 2009-06-03 2012-12-12 朝阳力宝重工集团有限公司 不同合金高铬铸铁板锤的调质热处理工艺
RU2449043C2 (ru) * 2010-04-12 2012-04-27 ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ "Брянский государственный технический университет" Способ термической обработки чугуна с шаровидным графитом
CN101876025A (zh) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-03 福建省上杭华丰工贸机械有限公司 低合金斗齿的制备方法
EA019270B1 (ru) * 2010-10-26 2014-02-28 Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Стройизыскания" Износостойкий чугун
RU2445388C1 (ru) * 2010-12-17 2012-03-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" ОАО НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" Износостойкий чугун
RU2445389C1 (ru) * 2010-12-17 2012-03-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" ОАО НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" Износостойкий чугун
RU2445391C1 (ru) * 2011-04-18 2012-03-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
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RU2636293C1 (ru) * 2017-02-27 2017-11-21 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
RU2645520C1 (ru) * 2017-02-27 2018-02-21 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Чугун
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FR1513313A (fr) * 1965-09-20 1968-02-16 Quebec Iron Foundries Ltd Soc Fontes blanches manganèse-cuivre-molybdène
DE1298390B (de) * 1967-01-13 1969-06-26 Magotteaux Fond Kugeln, Auskleidungsplatten und aehnliche Gegenstaende aus Gussstahl
FR2103686A6 (en) * 1971-03-19 1972-04-14 Quebec Iron Foundries Alloyed white cast iron - with high hardness and superior wear - and impact resistance
AU458670B2 (en) * 1972-03-02 1975-03-06 HENRY MOORE and HARRY HARVEY KESSLER WILLIAM Abrasion resistant cast iron
JPS5021414B2 (de) * 1972-03-06 1975-07-23
FR2228115B1 (de) * 1973-05-04 1975-11-21 Thome Cromback Acieries
CA1052599A (en) * 1976-09-13 1979-04-17 Noranda Mines Limited Wear resistant low alloy white cast iron
FR2405749A1 (fr) * 1977-10-14 1979-05-11 Thome Cromback Acieries Nouveaux corps broyants forges, notamment boulets de broyage, et leur procede de fabrication

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9222154B2 (en) 2003-05-22 2015-12-29 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Wear resistant cast iron

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2447753A1 (fr) 1980-08-29
FR2447753B1 (de) 1982-09-10
EP0014655A1 (de) 1980-08-20
ATE4088T1 (de) 1983-07-15
DE3064071D1 (en) 1983-08-18

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