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EP0011904B1 - Brûleur à tourbillonement pour réacteur de gazification de charbon - Google Patents

Brûleur à tourbillonement pour réacteur de gazification de charbon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0011904B1
EP0011904B1 EP79200696A EP79200696A EP0011904B1 EP 0011904 B1 EP0011904 B1 EP 0011904B1 EP 79200696 A EP79200696 A EP 79200696A EP 79200696 A EP79200696 A EP 79200696A EP 0011904 B1 EP0011904 B1 EP 0011904B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner according
spinning
supply
bars
spinning burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79200696A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0011904A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Dohren
Jürgen Dipl.-Ing. Seipenbusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RAG AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrkohle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrkohle AG filed Critical Ruhrkohle AG
Publication of EP0011904A1 publication Critical patent/EP0011904A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0011904B1 publication Critical patent/EP0011904B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C10J3/845—Quench rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a swirl burner for coal gasification reactors in which a carbon monoxide and hydrogen-containing synthesis gas is generated by partial oxidation of carbon-containing solids in the presence of water or water vapor and oxygen or air.
  • a swirl burner is known from FR-A-2 310 309 and consists of a plurality of tubes arranged concentrically to one another for the separate supply of the solid particles and gasification agent, with guide elements built into the oxygen or air line for generating the swirl of those emerging from the burner reacting substances.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of preventing the formation of buoyant slag.
  • the idea behind the invention is that the slag's ability to float is due to inadequate burnout, in which voids are created by a special slag flow.
  • the swirl burner described in FR-A-2 310 309 has a particularly strong effect on the burnout. This effect arises from the longer residence time of the solids in the reactor due to the spiral path of movement through the reactor.
  • the known drain burner however, has two major disadvantages. First of all, there are a number of types of coal, with which this burner also shows insufficient burnout. Secondly, the spiral trajectory of the solid particles can cause excessive wear to the lining of the reactor.
  • a swirl burner of the type mentioned which, in contrast to the known swirl burner, has spiral spring-shaped, movable guide elements in the manner of a helical line, which has an adjustable inclination angle against the longitudinal direction of the feed from 20-70 °.
  • the angle of inclination is preferably between 45 and 60 °. The adjustability of the angle of inclination makes it possible, on the one hand, to choose the swirl so strongly that the solid particles have a sufficient residence time in the reactor due to the correspondingly long movement path in the reactor.
  • the angle of inclination can be limited to a minimum corresponding to the respective minimum dwell time, and the wear of the reactor lining resulting from the spiral movement path can thereby be reduced.
  • movable guide elements webs in the form of spring plates or spring wires are preferred.
  • a screw mechanism is used to adjust the movable bars.
  • the resilient or soft webs are held too tight at one end in suitable recesses and slide at the other end in circumferential grooves of an adjustable ring nut in the longitudinal direction of the feed.
  • the ring nut allows the webs to make the necessary change in position resulting from a longitudinal adjustment.
  • the screw mechanism can include pressure screws, tension screws and in both directions. acting screw devices are used.
  • coal such as is obtained during mining, is carried through a conveying line 1 into a mill 2, where it is ground wet with water.
  • the resulting coal-water slurry passes from the mill 2 into an agitator 3 and feed container.
  • the stir werk 3 ensures a constant and good distribution of coal in the water.
  • the coal-water slurry is drawn off from the agitator 3 with a pump 4 and fed to a swirl burner 6 through a line 5.
  • a line 7 for combustion air and / or pure oxygen also opens at the swirl burner 6.
  • the swirl burner 6 sits on the top of a reactor 8.
  • the reactor has an elongated shape with a longitudinal passage for the fuels.
  • the reactor 8 is upright, so that the swirl burner 6 enters the coal-water slurry and the combustion air or oxygen into the reactor 8 from top to bottom.
  • the carbon particles are partially oxidized in the presence of water.
  • This reaction produces a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • liquid slag particles are produced, which emerge from the underside of the reactor and enter a radiation chamber 9.
  • the slag particles and the synthesis gas experience a first considerable cooling from the combustion temperature, which, for. B. can be between 1350 and 1500 °.
  • the synthesis gas is deflected so that it experiences further cooling by contact with the water bath.
  • the inert solids, the slag particles are thrown against the water bath.
  • the slag particles solidify when they come into contact with the water level in the water bath. They penetrate into the water and collect at the foot of the radiation boiler 9. From there, the intermittent are withdrawn into a lock 10, from which they can then be discharged in the reactor 8 and radiation boiler 9 without adversely affecting the atmosphere.
  • the synthesis gas deflected in the radiation boiler 9 passes through a line 11 into a convection cooler 12.
  • the convection cooler 12 serves to further cool the synthesis gas. It is followed by a washer 13.
  • the flyable dust contained in the synthesis gas is washed out in the scrubber 13.
  • the cleaned synthesis gas exits the scrubber 13 and is z. B. supplied as a raw material to a chemical company or as a reducing gas to a smelter.
  • the washing liquid flows out of the scrubber 13 into a thickener 14 at the bottom.
  • the thickener 14 extracts the washing liquid, preferably water is used, the predominant liquid portion which is returned to the scrubber 13 in the circuit, while the remainder remaining during the thickening is pressed into the agitator 3 via a pump 15 and a delivery line 16. This return is used to condition the coal-water slurry and to utilize combustible residual components.
  • a swirl burner 6 is provided from concentrically arranged tubes 20 and 21. Both tubes 20 and 21 end conically. This means that the outer tube 20 has an internally conical mouthpiece 22 which closes off the ceiling of the reactor 8. The mouthpiece 22 is provided on the end with the burner inner wall with recesses which form cooling lines 23. The cooling lines 23 are flowed through by cooling water during operation and reduce the thermal load on the swirl burner 6.
  • the outer tube 20 is composed of two tube sections of different diameters.
  • the pipe section facing the mouthpiece 22 has a smaller diameter.
  • the conical transition 24, together with the reduction in diameter, has a nozzle effect on the medium conveyed between the two pipes 20 and 21, in this case the coal-water suspension.
  • the accelerated coal-water suspension at the outlet cone 25 experiences a further acceleration.
  • the mouthpiece 22 acts. Wear is counteracted by an insert cone 26 on the mouthpiece 22.
  • the insert cone 26 has a funnel-like shape and is inserted or inserted inside the outlet cone and connected to the mouthpiece 22 by welding or by pins.
  • the pins can be attached at any point and do not require any particular strength, since the insert cone 26 is pressed against the exit cone 25 by the escaping combustion materials in the mouthpiece 22 during operation. That is, the mouthpiece 22 takes up the load acting on the insert cone 26 with the outlet cone 25. In view of the low load, mere tack welding is also possible as a welded joint for the insert cone 26.
  • the insert cone 26 protrudes a little beyond the mouthpiece 22 and thus forms a sharp tear-off edge 27.
  • the tear-off edge 27 has considerable aerodynamic advantages for the emerging fuels.
  • the outlet diameter of the insert cone can be between 20 and 30 mm. This exit diameter resulting from a reduction in diameter of the pressure prevailing between the junction 24 and the exit cone 25 pipe diameter to 1/3 down quarter of this tube diameter.
  • the angle of inclination of the Outlet cone 25 is between 40 and 80 ° to the inner wall of the reactor or between 10 and 50 ° to the swirl burner longitudinal axis.
  • the inner tube 21 is used in the present case to supply oxygen or combustion air. It is held in the outer tube 20 at the front end with four evenly distributed centering pins 28.
  • the centering pins 28 ensure that the two tubes 20 and 21 are aligned. This is advantageous for a controlled mixing of the supplied oxygen or the supplied combustion air with the coal-water slurry supplied between the tubes 21 and 20.
  • the tube 21, like the tube 20, consists of different tube sections.
  • the pipe sections can be welded to one another or fixedly connected to one another in another way.
  • a prerequisite is a tight connection in order to prevent undesirable premature mixing of oxygen or combustion air with the coal-water slurry.
  • the tube 21 has an outlet cone 29 at its tip.
  • the outlet cone 29 is conical in two respects, namely inside and outside. On the outside it preferably has the same inclination as the exit cone 25. However, deviations of up to 20 ° in both directions can also be considered.
  • the outlet cone 29 is provided with a relatively thick wall.
  • a cylindrical outlet opening 30 is provided at the outlet cone 29.
  • the cylinder length of the outlet opening 30 is equal to 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the diameter of the opening.
  • a flow body 31 is arranged upstream of the outlet cone 29 in the direction of flow of the inflowing oxygen or the combustion air.
  • the flow body 31 is intended to prevent flow losses within the tube 21.
  • the flow body 31 has a substantially cylindrical shape with rounded or tapered ends. This shape results from simple manufacturing reasons.
  • the aim is a teardrop shape with a pointed end that extends into the outlet opening 30.
  • the blunt end of the flow body 31 to the end of the tube 21 toward have a distance which is equal to 11/2 times the up to 21/2 times the diameter of the outlet opening 30th
  • the maximum diameter of the flow body 31 should be between 1/2 and 3/4 the diameter of the outlet opening 30th
  • the flow body 31 is held in the tube 21 by 3 or 4 webs 32 evenly distributed on the circumference.
  • the webs 32 are preferably welded to the flow body 31 and the tube 21. They have a small diameter for fluidic reasons. The small diameter of the webs 32, however, gives the flow body 31 only a limited hold. This hold can be increased considerably if the webs - as shown in FIG. 2 with the dash-dot lines 33 - are arranged in such a way that they are subjected to tensile stress by the inflowing medium.
  • this is equivalent to a hanging arrangement of the flow body 31.
  • each web 34 covers a circumference of the inner tube wall of the tube 21 which only extends over 180 °. Both webs 34 run in the same direction and are arranged diametrically opposite one another, i. that is, they are offset from each other by 180 °.
  • the webs 34 are attached to the inner tube wall.
  • Their shape can be rectangular or round in cross-section or in any other way. Rectangular and round shapes have special advantages.
  • the number of webs 34 can also be different. There must be at least 1 web 34. The number of webs is only limited by the web width. The length of the webs 34 should result in at least a circumferential angle of 60 ° and at most a circumferential angle of 300 °.
  • the spacing of the webs from the end of the tube 21 should have a measure that is a maximum between the diameter and 2 1/2 times the diameter of the outlet opening.
  • the distance between the two tube ends of the tubes 20 and 21 should not be less than half the diameter and not greater than twice the diameter of the outlet opening 30 or the outlet opening of the outlet cone 25 or insert cone 26.
  • the webs 34 have the result that the oxygen flowing through the tube 21 or the combustion air receives a swirl.
  • the swirl is determined by the angle of inclination of the webs 34 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tube. According to FIG. 2, the angle of inclination is 45 °. It can also be between 20 and 70 °.
  • Minimum bridge height can do that. 0.01 times the inner diameter of the tube 21.
  • the web height should not be more than 0.4 times this inner diameter.
  • the small web height allows the flow body 31 to be arranged in the region of the webs 34. An undesirable one which leads to a loss of swirl can thus occur Turbulence can be counteracted.
  • the swirl held by the oxygen or the combustion air through the webs 34 is dependent on the flow velocity in the tube 21.
  • the flow rate is in turn determined by the pipe inside diameter and pressure. It should also be borne in mind that a certain volume of oxygen or air must be associated with the coal-water slurry.
  • the ratio of oxygen volume to coal-water slurry volume is between 5 and 15. If combustion air is used, the volume ratio is between 25 and 75.
  • the volume ratios and the diameter ratios of the tubes and the outlet openings of the tubes result in an oxygen velocity of between 50 m / Sec and 150 m / sec. It is assumed that the tube diameter of the tube 21 is 1.2 to 2 times the diameter of the outlet opening 30.
  • the coal-water slurry has a comparatively slow speed. It moves at 1 m / sec. up to 2 m / s through the space between the tubes 20 and 21.
  • the coal-water slurry entering the mouthpiece is entrained in particles by the air or the oxygen.
  • the swirling movement of air or oxygen is transferred to the entrained coal-water slurry particles.
  • the combustion material emerges from the swirl burner 6 with a swirl and moves through the reactor 8 on a spiral path.
  • the spiral path is much longer than a movement path running exactly in the longitudinal direction of the reactor.
  • the feed has a correspondingly longer residence time in the reactor 8, which ensures extensive burnout.
  • the adjustable webs are labeled 40. These are sheets which, like the webs 34, extend helically along the inner tube wall.
  • the webs 40 can be z. B. cut out as half rings from flat sheets and pull them apart to bring them into the desired spiral shape.
  • the webs 34 and 40 can also be bent from a straight longitudinal shape into the spiral shape.
  • the slits 41 which are optionally shown in dash-dotted lines and which run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the webs in the webs 40 at any intervals, are facilitated. Equal distances are advisable; Depending on the width of the web 40 and depth. the slot 41, a single slot 41 may already be sufficient to give the webs 40 any desired ease of movement for the adjustment.
  • the slots 41 result from a bore at the end of the slot and a sawing of the webs 40 up to the bore. In the case of webs 40 which are made of spring steel, this processing takes place before the heat treatment of the starting material necessary for the spring properties.
  • a web holder which is advantageously carried out at the upper and lower ends.
  • the webs have 40 bent tabs. 42 with which they engage in recesses 43.
  • the recesses 43 are located in an inner collar 44 of a tube 45.
  • the tube 45 is identical to the tube 21 except for the inner collar 44.
  • the inner collar 44 can be formed on the tube 45 when using cast tubes. Otherwise, a welded ring is provided as the inner collar 44.
  • the welded-on ring allows the recesses 43 to be produced easily.
  • the recesses 43 can then be easily milled into the collar before welding the ring. Instead of milling, it is also possible to produce by drilling and sawing the ring up to the hole.
  • the webs rest in a groove of a ring nut 47.
  • the ring nut 47 is seated in a tube part of the tube 45, which is additionally provided with an internal thread relative to the tube 21.
  • the internal thread of the tube 45 designated 48, can be open. If necessary, the internal thread 48 can also be arranged in a concealed manner. This is done with the aid of a collar 49 of the ring nut 47 shown in dash-dotted lines. Between the collar 49 and the internal thread 48 there is only a play necessary for the axial movement of the ring nut 47.
  • the recesses 43 can be closed with the aid of a ring 51, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 3 and is welded to the inner collar 44 or fastened in some other way.
  • the additional tab at the lower end 46 is labeled 53 and is shown in dashed lines. Furthermore, the circumferential annular groove 54 belonging to the tab is shown in dashed lines. The annular groove 54 is located in the lower contact surface of the web end 46 shown in FIG. 5. It is not a hindrance to the evasive movement of the webs 40 when the ring nut 47 is adjusted.
  • the ring nut 47 is adjusted by means of a rotary wrench which engages with pins in bores 52 of the ring nut 47.
  • the holes 52 are evenly distributed in any number in the ring nut 47.
  • the ring nut 47 is locked with the help of a lock nut 55.
  • the lock nut 55 like the ring nut 47, has a number of evenly distributed bores 52.
  • the bores 52 advantageously all have the same pitch, so that the same wrench can be used for both nuts 47 and 55 for the bores 52 despite different diameters of the pitch circles.
  • the spigots of the spanner are then at a distance that is equal to a hole pitch.
  • the ring nut 47 is provided with a collar 49 protecting the internal thread 48 in the tube 45, the ring nut also has such a collar, not shown, which extends downward.
  • the webs 40 are each designed so that the deformation that they experience during an adjustment is in the elastic range. This guarantees original conditions after each reset. In addition, permanent deformations are harmless as long as the ends 46 of the webs 40 bear against the ring nut 47 after each adjustment, at least as a result of the operating pressure of the inflowing oxygen or the inflowing combustion air.
  • the webs 40 are held in that the tabs 42 engage behind a projection 56 with a bend in the recesses 43.
  • the recess 43 then, as can be seen from FIG. 4, has an angular shape in cross section. In the case of a recess formed by a bore, the bore diameter of which is larger than the slot which will later lead to the bore, the webs 40 are likewise held by a bend.
  • a tube 60 is used instead of the tube 45.
  • the webs have a round cross section.
  • the webs designated by 61 are adjustable like the webs 40 and give the combustion air or oxygen flowing through them a sufficient swirl.
  • the webs 61 are held and adjusted at the lower end like the webs 40 by a ring nut 47.
  • the webs 61 have a vertically downward bend at the lower end, with which they engage in the annular groove 54.
  • the webs 61 have radially outward bends with which they engage in corresponding blind holes 62 in the tube 60.
  • the blind holes 62 lie diametrically opposite one another on the inner tube wall at the locations which correspond to the recesses at 43.
  • the adjustment can also be carried out from top to bottom.
  • the webs are then held at the lower end and are adjusted at the upper end by appropriate reversals of the ring nut and lock nut arrangement.
  • reversal means arranging the ring and counter nut and the associated internal thread above the inner collar 44 or the blind holes 62.
  • FIG. 8 shows a swirl burner in detail, which allows an adjustment during the swirl burner operation.
  • the tube corresponding to the outer tube 20 is designated 70.
  • This tube is provided with a central flange 71 on the upper side.
  • the pipe 70 has at the upper end a connecting flange 72 for the supply of the coal-water slurry.
  • the central flange 71 is designed as a removable cover for assembly reasons. It has a central opening in which a tube 73 has a seal and is both slidable and rotatable.
  • the tube is provided with an externally projecting external thread 74 for adjustment.
  • An internal thread of the flange 71 corresponds to the external thread 74.
  • the tube 73 slides in a further tube 75 arranged centrally in the tube 70.
  • the tubes 73 and 75 form a tube which corresponds to the inner tube 20, but which can be moved into one another and whose lower part corresponds to the lower tube end of tube 21 with slight deviations:
  • tube 75 with centering pins 28 is at the same time on a shoulder 76 in held the tube 70.
  • the tube 75 lies with the centering pins 28 on the shoulder 76.
  • Any desired locking is carried out towards the top with the aid of detachable snap rings or circlips.
  • the rings are inserted into a groove arranged above the centering pins 28 in the tube 70 and prevent the tube 75 from moving in a frictional manner when the tube 73 moves upwards.
  • the circlips in particular allow simple assembly using standard collets. These collets engage in bores of the resilient snap rings, so that the snap rings provided with a correspondingly wide slot can be slightly compressed and moved into the tube 70 and moved out of the tube 70.
  • the tube 75 also encloses movable webs, in this case designated 77.
  • movable webs in this case designated 77.
  • the webs 77 lie opposite one another like the webs 40 and 61.
  • the webs 77 are made of sheet metal, i. H. they have a rectangular cross section.
  • the webs 77 are covered on the outer edge only a few mm by the tube 73 and the shoulder 78. This is equivalent to a relatively small pipe cross section if the pipe 73 has a uniform cross section. This does not rule out the use of other cross-sectional thicknesses in other areas of the tube 73, in particular with respect to the connecting flange 72.
  • the special shape of the webs 77 considerably simplifies the manufacture of the swirl burner in the case of movable webs and gives the webs 77 sufficient support irrespective of the tube 77 even without a flow body 31.
  • the special shape of the webs 77 is characterized in that, in the view according to FIG. 8 how coil springs look and in the view according to FIG. 9 only have half the cross section of coil springs. This means that the webs 77 bulge along the inner tube wall like the other webs 40 and 61. At the upper and lower ends there is a tab 79 which extends over a semicircle.
  • Figure 9 shows the two opposing webs 77 in plan view.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 show details of a single web 77.
  • the two upper tabs 79 of the two webs complement one another to form a ring.
  • the two lower tabs 79 of the two webs 77 complement one another to form a ring. Both webs 77 are then held by the upper ring and the lower ring of the tabs 79.
  • the web ends are adapted to the changed distance by rotating the rings.
  • the two webs 77 with their associated tabs 79 form semicircular segments in the plan view according to FIG. 9. If more than 2 webs are to be used, the webs would again form segments with their associated tabs, only the segments would no longer extend over 180 ° but over 120 °. If there are even more webs, the segment angle is reduced accordingly in the top view.
  • the line 7 has at the end a flange 90 which lies opposite a flange 91 of the pipe end belonging to the pipe 73. Between the two flanges 90 and 91 there is a sliding washer with a passage opening for the oxygen or combustion air flowing from line 7 into tube 73.
  • the two flanges 90 and 91 are enclosed by multi-part housing halves 93 and 94.
  • the housing halves 93 and 94 are sealed together, i. that is, tightly screwed together.
  • the multi-part design of the housing halves is used to mount them on the line 7 or the flange 91.
  • a hexagon 97 is provided for adjustment between the flange 91 and the pipe end.
  • the tube 73 can be adjusted with conventional spanners.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Claims (26)

1. Brûleur à effet giratoire pour réacteurs de gazéification de charbon, dans lesquels est produit un gaz de synthèse contenant du monoxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène par oxydation partielle de substances solides contenant du carbone, en présence d'eau ou respectivement de vapeur d'eau et d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air, comprenant plusieurs tuyaux (20, 21) qui sont agencés concentriquement l'un par rapport à l'autre pour l'amenée séparée des particules de substances solides et des agents de gazéification et qui présentent des éléments de guidage incorporés dans le conduit d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air (21) pour la production du mouvement giratoire des substances qui sortent du brûleur (6) et réagissent entre elles, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus des éléments de guidage mobiles (34, 40, 61, 77) selon le type d'une hélice qui sont supportés au moins d'un côté, sont façonnés en forme de ressort en spirale et présentent un angle d'inclinaison ajustable de 20 à 70° par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'amenée.
2. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de guidage sont façonnés sous la forme d'ailettes (34, 40, 61, 77) présentant une section transversale rectangulaire ou circulaire.
3. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par une forme des ailettes (34, 40, 61, 77) en hélice à pas multiple.
4. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes ont une longueur correspondante à un demi-pas.
5. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes (34, 40, 61, 77) s'étendent dans l'amenée, en direction radiale, sur une longueur ou largeur qui est égale à 0,01 fois à 0,4 fois le diamètre de l'amenée.
6. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes (40, 61) sont reliées à une extrémité de manière articulée au tuyau d'amenée (45, 60) qui les entoure et s'appuient à l'autre extrémité de manière à pouvoir coulisser sur un dispositif de réglage (47,48,55).
7. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes (77) sont façonnées d'une manière analogue à un ressort en spirale et en ce qu'elle sont maintenues dans l'amenée par une partie (79) disposée transversalement à l'axe longitudinal de l'amenée et agencée dans le sens périphérique.
8. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une des revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que la fixation des ailettes (40, 61, 77) ne recouvre qu'une fraction de la largeur d'ailette active dans la production du mouvement giratoire.
9. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé par une amenée de l'oxygène ou respectivement de l'air de combustion qui peut être extraite pour le montage ou l'ajustement des ailettes.
10. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes mobiles sont ajustables à partir de l'extrémité de sortie.
11. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par un ajustement des ailettes (77) indépendant du fonctionnement.
12. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air de combustion est réalisé sous la forme d'un tuyau (73, 75) constitué de plusieurs parties, déplaçables l'une dans l'autre.
13. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la partie de tuyau inférieure (75) est, à l'état de fonctionnement, supportée de manière fixe dans le brûleur à effet giratoire et en ce la partie de tuyau supérieure (73) est ajustable suivant la direction longitudinale et coulisse dans la partie de tuyau inférieure (75) et en ce que les ailettes (77) sont maintenues dansle tuyau (75) entre la partie de tuyau supérieure (73) et un support (78).
14. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée des substances solides se termine dans un cône de sortie (25) et/ou en ce que l'amenée de l'oxygène ou respectivement de l'air de combustion présente une pointe conique (29).
15. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée des substances solides présente, à travers le cône de sortie (25), une diminution de diamètre à 1/3-1/4.
16. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une des revendications 14 et 15, caractérisé par un angle d'inclinaison du cône de sortie (25) compris entre 40 et 80° .
17. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé par un diamètre de sortie du brûleur à effet giratoire (6) compris entre 18 et 30 mm.
18. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le cône de sortie (29) de l'amenée de l'oxygène ou respectivement de l'air de combustion dévie dans sa conicité d'au maximum 20° par rapport à l'angle d'inclinaison du cône de sortie (25) du brûleur.
19. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 18, caractérisé par une sortie cylindrique dans le cône de sortie (29) de l'amenée d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air de combustion, la longueur de cette sortie étant égale à à 1/3 jusqu'à à 2/3 du diamètre de sortie.
20. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé en ce que l'amenée dans la zone située en amont du cône de sortie (29) présente 1,2 à 2 fois le diamètre de l'ouverture de sortie cylindrique (30).
21. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce que le cône de sortie (29) de l'amenée d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air de combustion présente, depuis l'ouverture de sortie du brûleur à effet giratoire, une distance qui est égale à 0,75 jusqu' à 1,6 fois le diamètre de l'ouverture de sortie.
22. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé par un corps d'écoulement (31) agencé dans l'amenée d'oxygène ou respectivement d'air de conbustion.
23. Bruleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 28, caractérisé par un agencement suspendu du corps d'écoulement (31).
24. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une des revendications 22 et 23, caractérisé en ce que le corps d'écoulement est agencé dans la zone des ailettes (34, 40, 61).
25. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 24, caractérisé par un cône inséré (26) prévu sur l'ouverture de sortie du brûleur à effet giratoire.
26. Brûleur à effet giratoire suivant la revendication 25, caractérisé par une arête de décollement en saillie (27) du cône inséré (26).
EP79200696A 1978-11-30 1979-11-29 Brûleur à tourbillonement pour réacteur de gazification de charbon Expired EP0011904B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2851704 1978-11-30
DE19782851704 DE2851704A1 (de) 1978-11-30 1978-11-30 Reaktor fuer kohlevergasungsverfahren

Publications (2)

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EP0011904A1 EP0011904A1 (fr) 1980-06-11
EP0011904B1 true EP0011904B1 (fr) 1982-01-27

Family

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EP79200696A Expired EP0011904B1 (fr) 1978-11-30 1979-11-29 Brûleur à tourbillonement pour réacteur de gazification de charbon

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EP (1) EP0011904B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5811473B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU537219B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR7907722A (fr)
CA (1) CA1156836A (fr)
DE (2) DE2851704A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL123870B1 (fr)
SU (1) SU1047397A3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA796529B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5821482A (ja) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-08 Electric Power Dev Co Ltd 石炭ガス化炉への原料スラリ−の供給方法及びその装置
JPS58168551U (ja) * 1982-05-07 1983-11-10 出光石油化学株式会社 二重管式熱分解ガス急冷器
DE3219316A1 (de) * 1982-05-22 1983-11-24 Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von synthesegas durch partielle oxidation von kohle-wasser-suspensionen
CN1332877C (zh) 1997-12-22 2007-08-22 陶氏环球技术公司 由较低价值的卤化材料生产一种或多种有用的产品
US8434700B2 (en) * 2008-04-30 2013-05-07 General Electric Company Methods and systems for mixing reactor feed

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE508590C (de) * 1930-09-29 Karl Hufschmidt Brenner fuer Kohlenstaubfeuerungen
DE368749C (de) * 1923-06-04 Hugo Schlenkermann Brenner fuer pulverfoermige Brennstoffe
DE411902C (de) * 1923-01-30 1925-06-05 Walther & Cie Akt Ges Brenner fuer Kohlenstaubfeuerungen, dem das Staubluftgemisch mit Drall zugefuehrt wird
DE546012C (de) * 1928-01-19 1932-03-09 Clarke Chapman Ltd Brenner fuer staubfoermigen Brennstoff
DE971077C (de) * 1942-05-02 1959-01-08 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Brenngas aus staubfoermigen oder feinkoernigen Brennstoffen
DE905191C (de) * 1947-12-29 1954-02-25 Koppers Co Inc Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Kohlenoxyd und gegebenenfalls Wasserstoff enthaltendenGasen durch Vergasen fein verteilter fester Brennstoffe
US2898874A (en) * 1957-05-07 1959-08-11 American Viscose Corp Vane adjusting assembly for pulverized fuel type burner unit
US3620698A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-11-16 Texaco Inc Hydrogen and carbon monoxide from slurries of solid carboniferous fuels
NL179468C (nl) * 1974-09-09 1986-09-16 Shell Int Research Werkwijze voor het vergassen van olie door partiele oxydatie onder tangentiele invoer van de oxydant.
GB1497831A (en) * 1975-04-11 1978-01-12 Howe Baker Eng Cyclonic multi-fuel burner
FR2310309A1 (fr) * 1975-05-09 1976-12-03 Broken Hill Pty Co Ltd Procede et appareil de formation de melanges gazeux reducteurs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS55112294A (en) 1980-08-29
AU537219B2 (en) 1984-06-14
BR7907722A (pt) 1980-09-23
ZA796529B (en) 1981-08-26
PL123870B1 (en) 1982-12-31
PL219991A1 (fr) 1980-08-11
SU1047397A3 (ru) 1983-10-07
EP0011904A1 (fr) 1980-06-11
DE2962001D1 (en) 1982-03-11
CA1156836A (fr) 1983-11-15
AU5333479A (en) 1980-06-26
DE2851704A1 (de) 1980-06-12
JPS5811473B2 (ja) 1983-03-03

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